The War of the World: History's Age of Hatred

by Niall Ferguson

  Russian State Archives, Moscow

  Royal Archives, Windsor Castle

  United States Holocaust Museum Library and Archives

  PUBLISHED WORKS

  Acemoglu, Daron, Simon Johnson and James A. Robinson, ‘Reversal of Fortune: Geography and Institutions in the Making of the Modern World Income Distribution’, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 117 (November 2002), 1231–94

  Adam, Peter, The Art of the Third Reich (London, 1992)

  Adamthwaite, Anthony, ‘France and the Coming of War’, in Patrick Finney (ed.), The Origins of the Second World War (London, 1997), 78–90

  ——— ‘The British Government and the Media, 1937–1938’, Journal of Contemporary History, 18, 2 (April 1983), 281–97

  Addison, Lucy, Letters from Latvia (London, 1986)

  Aida, Yuji, transl. Hide Ishiguro and Louis Allen, Prisoner of the British: A Japanese Soldier’s Experience in Burma (London, 1966)

  Akira, Fujiwara, ‘The Role of the Japanese Military’, in Dorothy Borg and Shumpei Okamoto (eds.), Pearl Harbor as History: Japanese–American Relations, 1931–1941 (New York, 1973), 189–96

  Alanbrooke, Field Marshal Lord, ed. Alex Danchev and Daniel Todman, War Diaries, 1939–1945 (London, 2001)

  Alba, R. D. and R. M. Golden, ‘Patterns of Ethnic Marriage in the United States’, Social Forces, 65 (September 1986), 202–23

  Albert, June True, ‘The Sexual Basis of White Resistance to Racial Integration’, unpublished PhD thesis (Rutgers University, 1972)

  Alexander, Jeffrey C., ‘Core Solidarity, Ethnic Outgroup and Social Differentiation: A Multidimensional Model of Inclusion in Modern Societies’, in Jacques Dufny and Akinsola Akiwowo (eds.), National and Ethnic Movements (London, 1980), 5–28

  Alexiev, Aleksander and S. Enders Wimbush, ‘Non-Russians in the Red Army, 1941–1945’, Journal of Slavic Military Studies, 6, 3 (1993)

  Alice, Countess of Athlone, For My Grandchildren: Some Reminiscences of Her Royal Highness Princess Alice (London, 1966)

  Allen, Louis and David Steeds, ‘Burma: The Longest War, 1941–45’, in Saki Dockrill (ed.), From Pearl Harbour to Hiroshima: The Second World War in Asia and the Pacific, 1941–45 (Basingstoke, 1994)

  Allport, Richard, ‘The Battle of Cuito Cuanavale: Cuba’s Mythical Victory’, http://www.rhodesia.nl/cuito.htm (n.d.)

  Almog, Shmuel, Nationalism and Antisemitism in Modern Europe, 1815–1945 (Oxford / New York, 1990)

  Aly, Gotz, ‘Final Solution’: Nazi Population Policy and the Murder of the European Jews (London, 1999)

  Ambrose, Stephen E., Band of Brothers: E Company, 506th Regiment, 101st Airborne from Normandy to Hitler’s Eagle’s Nest (London, 2001[1992])

  ——— ‘The Last Barrier’, in Robert Cowley (ed.), No End Save Victory: New Second World War Writing (London, 2002), 527–51

  ——— ‘D-Day Fails’, in Robert Cowley (ed.), More What If? Eminent Historians Imagine What Might Have Been (London, 2002), 341–8

  ——— ‘The Secrets of Overlord’, in Robert Cowley (ed.), The Experience of War (New York / London, 1992), 472–80

  Ames, Jessie Daniel, The Changing Character of Lynching, 1931–1941 (Atlanta, 1942)

  Andenaes, Johs, O. Riste and M. Skodvin, Norway and the Second World War (Oslo, 1966)

  Anderson, George K., The Legend of the Wandering Jew (Providence, 1965)

  Andrew, Christopher and Vasili Mitrokhin, The Mitrokhin Archive: The KGB in Europe and the West (London, 1999)

  Andreyev, Catherine, Vlasov and the Russian Liberation Movement: Soviet Reality and Emigré Theories (London / New York / New Rochelle / Melbourne / Sydney, 1987)

  Andrić, Ivo, transl. Lovett F. Edwards, The Bridge on the Drina (New York, 1959 [1945])

  Angell, Norman, The Great Illusion: A Study of the Relation of Military Power to National Advantage (London, 1913 [1910])

  Angress, Werner T., ‘Die “Judenfrage” im Spiegel amtlicher Berichte 1935’, in Ursula Büttner (ed.), Das Unrechtsregime: Internationale Forschung über den Nationalsozialismus (Hamburg, 1986), 19–44

  Anon., The Horrors of Aleppo, seen by a German Eyewitness (London, 1916)

  ——— Verité sur le mouvement revolutionnaire Arménien et les mesures gouvernementales (Constantinople, 1916)

  ——— Semi-Imperator 1888–1918 (Munich, 1919)

  ——— Eagle’s Nest, Obersalzburg, in a Historical View (Bayreuth, n.d.)

  ——— Ostjuden in Deutschland (Berlin, 1921)

  ——— (ed.), Germany, Turkey and Armenia: A Selection of Documentary Evidence Relating to the Armenian Atrocities from German and other Sources (London, 1917)

  ——— (ed.), Dossier Kampuchea I (Hanoi, 1978)

  ——— (ed.), Documents sur les atrocités Arméno-Russes (Constantinople, 1917)

  Antonov-Ovseyenko, Anton, The Time of Stalin: Portrait of a Tyranny (New York, 1981)

  Applebaum, Anne, ‘Gulag: Understanding the Magnitude of What Happened’, Heritage Lecture (October 16, 2003)

  Arendt, Hannah and Martin Heidegger, ed. Ursula Ludz, Briefe 1925–1975 (Frankfurt, 1998)

  Armstrong, John A., ‘Collaborationism in World War II: The Integral Nationalist Variant in Eastern Europe’, Journal of Modern History, 40 (1968), 396–410

  Arnold, James R., ‘Coral and Purple: The Lost Advantage’, in Peter G. Tsouras (ed.), Rising Sun Victorious: The Alternate History of How the Japanese Won the Pacific War (London, 2001), 83–119

  Aron, Raymond, The Imperial Republic: The United States and the World, 1945–1973 (London, 1975)

  Aronson, I. M., ‘The Prospects for the Emancipation of Russian Jewry during the 1880s’, Slavonic and East European Review, 55, 1 (January 1977), 348–69

  ——— Troubled Waters: The Origins of the 1881 Anti-Jewish Pogroms in Russia (Pittsburg, 1990)

  ——— ‘Geographical and Socioeconomic Factors in the 1881 Anti-Jewish Pogroms in Russia’, Russian Review, 55, 1 (Jan. 1980), 18–31

  Arthur, Max, in association with the Imperial War Museum (ed.), Forgotten Voices of the Second World War: A New History of World War Two in the Words of the Men and Women Who Were There (London, 2004)

  Asada, Teruhiko, transl. Ray Cowan, The Night of a Thousand Suicides: The Japanese Outbreak at Cowra (Sydney / London / Melbourne / Singapore, 1970)

  Ashworth, T., Trench Warfare 1914–18: The Live and Let Live System (London, 1980)

  Aster, Sidney, ‘“Guilty Men”: The Case for Neville Chamberlain’, in Patrick Finney (ed.), The Origins of the Second World War (London, 1997), 62–78

  Aston, Frederick Alfred, The Menace of Anti-Semitism in America Today (New York, 1938)

  Astor, David, ‘Why the Revolt against Hitler was Ignored: On the British Reluctance to Deal with German Anti-Nazis’, Encounter, 32, 6 (June 1969), 3–13

  Baar, Jacob and Werner J. Cahnman, ‘Interfaith Marriage in Switzerland’, in Werner J. Cahnman (ed.), Intermarriage and Jewish Life: A Symposium (New York, 1963), 51–6

  Bacevich, Andrew, American Empire: The Realities and Consequences of U.S. Diplomacy (Cambridge, Mass. / London, 2002)

  Bachi, Roberto, Population Trends of World Jewry (Jerusalem, 1976)

  Bachmann, Gertraude, ‘Coburg between England and Russia’, in paper presented at Russian Academy of Sciences conference, European Monarchies in Past and Present (Moscow, May 26–28, 1998)

  Bacque, James, Other Losses: An Investigation into the Mass Deaths of German Prisoners at the Hands of the French and Americans after World War II (Toronto, 1989)

  Bagish, Martin and Hilary Conroy, ‘Japanese Aggression against China: The Question of Responsibility’, in Alvin D. Coox and Hilary Conroy (eds.), China and Japan: The Search for Balance Since World War I (Oxford, 1978), 323–35

  Bagley, Christopher, ‘Interracial Marriage in England: Some Statistics’, New Community, 1 (June 1972), 318–26

  Bairoch, Paul, transl. Christopher Braider, Cities and Economic Development (Chicago, 1988)

  Balder
ston, Theo, ‘War Finance and Inflation in Britain and Germany, 1914–1918’, Economic History Review, 42 (1989), 222–44

  Barber, John and Mark Harrison, ‘Patriotic War, 1941 to 1945’, in Ronald Grigor Suny (ed.), The Cambridge History of Russia, vol. III: The Twentieth Century (Cambridge, forthcoming)

  Barber, Laurie and Ken Henshall, The Last War of Empires: Japan and the Pacific War (Auckland, 1999)

  Barbusse, Henri, transl. Robin Buss, Under Fire (London, 2003 [1916])

  Barkawi, Tarak, ‘Combat Motivation in the Colonies: The Indian Army in the Second World War’, Journal of Contemporary History (forthcoming)

  Barnard, Daniel, ‘The Great Iraqi Revolt: The 1919–20 Insurrections against the British in Mesopotamia’, paper presented at the Harvard Graduate Student Conference in International History (April 23, 2004)

  Barnhart, Michael A., ‘Japanese Intelligence before the Second World War: “Best Case” Analysis’, in Ernest R. May (ed.), Knowing One’s Enemies: Intelligence Assessment Before the Two World Wars (Princeton, 1984), 424–56

  ——— Japan Prepares for Total War: The Search for Economic Security, 1919–1941 (Ithaca, 1987)

  Bartov, Omer, Hitler’s Army: Soldiers, Nazis, and War in the Third Reich (New York / Oxford, 1992)

  ——— Mirrors of Destruction: War, Genocide and Modern Identity (Oxford / New York, 2000)

  ——— The Eastern Front, 1941–45: German Troops and the Barbarisation of Warfare (Basingstoke, 1985)

  Bastide, R., ‘Dusky Venus, Black Apollo’, Race, 3 (1961), 10–18.

  Bateson, Patrick, ‘Optimal Outbreeding’, in Patrick Bateson (ed.), Mate Choice (Cambridge, 1982), 257–77.

  ——— ‘Sexual Imprinting and Optimal Outbreeding’, Nature, 273, 5664 (June 22, 1978), 659–60

  Battestin, Martin, Henry Fielding: A Life (London, 1989)

  Baxter, John, Not Much of a Picnic: Memoirs of a Conscript and Japanese Prisoner of War, 1941–1945 (Trowbridge, 1995)

  Bayly, C. A., The Birth of the Modern World, 1780–1914: Global Connections and Comparisons (Oxford, 2003)

  ——— and Tim Harper, Forgotten Armies: The Fall of British Asia, 1941–1945 (London, 2004)

  Bayur, Yusuf Hikmet, Türk Inkilabi Tarihi (Ankara, 1952)

  Bean, Richard, ‘War and the Birth of the Nation State’, Journal of Economic History, 33, 1 (March 1973), 203–21

  Beatrice, Princess (ed.), In Napoleonic Days: Extracts from the Private Diary of Augusta, Duchess of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Queen Victoria’s Maternal Grandmother, 1806–1821 (London, 1941)

  Becker, Elizabeth, When the War Was Over: The Voice of Cambodia’s Revolution and Its People (New York, 1986)

  Beckman, Morris, The Jewish Brigade: An Army with Two Masters, 1944–1945 (Staplehurst, 1998)

  Beevor, Antony, Berlin: The Downfall, 1945 (London, 2002)

  Begg, R. C. and Liddle, P. H. (eds.), For Five Shillings a Day: Experiencing War, 1939–45 (London, 2000)

  Bein, Alexander, ‘Der jüdische Parasit’, Vierteljahreshefte für Zeitgeschichte, 13 (1965), 121–49

  Bell, P. M. H., The Origins of the Second World War in Europe, 2nd edn. (London, 1997 [1986])

  Beller, Steven, Vienna and the Jews 1867–1938: A Cultural History (Cambridge / New York / Melbourne, 1997 [1989])

  Belov, Fedor, The History of the Soviet Collective Farm (New York, 1955)

  Belova, Olga, ‘Anti-Jewish Violence in Folk Narratives of the Slavs’, unpublished paper, Stockholm Conference on Pogroms (2005)

  Ben-Israel, Hevda, ‘Cross-Purposes: British Reactions to the German Anti-Nazi Opposition’, Journal of Contemporary History 20, 3 (1985), 423–38.

  Bendiner, Elmer, The Fall of Fortresses (London, 1981)

  Bennathan, Esra, ‘Die demographische und wirtschaftliche Struktur der Juden’, in Werner Mosse (ed.), Entscheidungsjahre 1932: Zur Judenfrage in der Endphase der Weimarer Republik (Tübingen, 1966), 87–134

  Bentwich, Norman, I Understand the Risks: The Story of the Refugees from Nazi Oppression who Fought in the British Forces in the World War (London, 1950)

  Berg, A. Scott, Lindbergh (New York, 1998)

  Berg, Alexander, Juden-Bordelle: Enthüllungen aus dunklen Häusern (Berlin, 1892)

  Bergamini, David, Japan’s Imperial Conspiracy (New York, 1972)

  Bergen, Doris L., ‘The Nazi Concept of “Volksdeutsche” and the Exacerbation of Anti-Semitism in Eastern Europe, 1939–45’, Journal of Contemporary History, 29, 4 (October 1994), 569–82

  Berghe, Pierre L. van den, The Ethnic Phenomenon (New York, 1981)

  Bernstein, Herman (ed.), The Willy–Nicky Correspondence, Being the Secret and Intimate Telegrams exchanged between the Kaiser and the Tsar (New York, 1918)

  Bertram, James, The Shadow of a War: A New Zealander in the Far East 1939–1946 (London, 1947)

  Beveridge, Sir William, Social Insurance and Allied Services: Report… Presented to Parliament by Command of His Majesty, CMND 6404 (London, 1942)

  Bickers, Robert, Empire Made Me: An Englishman Adrift in Shanghai (London, 2004)

  Bidermann, Gottlob Herbert, transl. and ed. Derek S. Zumbro, In Deadly Combat: A German Soldier’s Memoir of the Eastern Front (Lawrence, Kansas, 2000)

  Biggs, Chester M. Jr., Behind the Barbed Wire: Memoir of a World War II U.S. Marine Captured in North China in 1941 and Imprisoned by the Japanese until 1945 (Jefferson, NC / London, 1995)

  Biglova, Katerina, Zdenek Matejcek and Zdenek Dytrych, Remembering: Voices of Prague Jewish Women (n.p., 1994)

  Bikont, Anna, My z Jedwabnego (Warsaw, 2005)

  Bilinsky, Yaroslav, ‘Methodological Problems and Philosophical Issues in the Study of Jewish-Ukrainian Relations during the Second World War’, in Howard Aster and Peter J. Potichnyj (eds.), Ukrainian-Jewish Relations in Historical Perspective (Edmonton, 1990), 373–407

  ——— ‘Assimilation and Ethnic Assertiveness among Ukrainians of the Soviet Union’, in Erich Goldhagen (ed.), Ethnic Minorities in the Soviet Union (New York / Washington / London, 1968), 147–84

  Bilyeu, Dick, Lost in Action: A World War II Soldier’s Account of Capture on Bataan and Imprisonment by the Japanese (Jefferson, NC, 1991)

  Bing, Edward J. (ed.), The Letters of Tsar Nicholas and Empress Marie, Being the Confidential Correspondence between Nicholas II, last of the Tsars, and his Mother, Dowager Empress Marie Feodorovna (London, 1937)

  Black, Conrad, Franklin Delano Roosevelt (London, 2004)

  Black, George, The Good Neighbor: How the United States Wrote the History of Central America and the Caribbean (New York, 1988)

  Blanke, Richard, Orphans of Versailles: The Germans in Western Poland, 1918–1939 (Lexington, Kentucky, 1993)

  Blau, Peter M. and Joseph E. Schwartz, Crosscutting Social Circles: Testing a Macroe-conomic Theory of Intergroup Relations (New York, 1984)

  Bloch, Ivan S., Is War Now Impossible? Being an Abridgment of ‘The War of the Future in its Technical, Economic and Political Relations’ (London, 1899)

  Bloch, Marc, Étrange Défaite: Témoignage écrit en 1940 (Paris, 1946)

  Bloch, Michael, Ribbentrop (London / New York / Toronto / Sydney / Auckland, 1992)

  Blumstein, Alexandre, A Little House on Mount Carmel (London, 2002)

  Bobbitt, Philip, The Shield of Achilles: War, Peace, and the Course of History (New York, 2002)

  Bokszanski, Zbigniew, ‘The Representations of the Jews in Selected Polish Autobiographical Materials from the Period of the Second World War’, in Marek S. Szczepanski (ed.), Ethnic Minorities and Ethnic Majority: Sociological Studies of Ethnic Relations in Poland (Katowice, 1997), 247–56

  Bond, Brian, British Military Policy between the Two World Wars (Oxford, 1980)

  ——— (ed.), Chief of Staff: The Diaries of Lieutenant-General Sir Henry Pownall, vol. I: 1933–1940 (London, 1972)

  Bontemps, Alex, ‘Startling New Attitudes on Interracial Marriage’, Ebony, (July–December 1975), 144–51

  Borchardt, Knut, ‘Constr
aints and Room for Manoeuvre in the Great Depression of the Early Thirties: Towards a Revision of the Received Historical Picture’, in idem, Perpectives in Modern German Economic History and Policy (Cambridge, 1991), 143–60

  Bordo, Michael, Alan Taylor and Jeffrey Williamson (eds.), Globalization in Historical Perspective (Chicago, 2003)

  Bordo, Michael, Ehsan Choudhri and Anna Schwartz, ‘Was Expansionary Monetary Policy Feasible During the Great Contraction? An Examination ofthe Gold Standard Constraint’, NBER Working Paper, 1725 (May 1999)

  Borys, Jurij, The Sovietization of Ukraine 1917–1923: The Communist Doctrine and Practice of National Self-Determination (Edmonton, 1980)

  Botev, Nikolai, ‘Where East Meets West: Ethnic Intermarriage in the Former Yugoslavia, 1962 to 1989’, American Sociological Review, 59 (June 1994), 461–80

  Boua, Chanthou, ‘Genocide of a Religious Group: Pol Pot and Cambodia’s Buddhist Monks’, in P. Timothy Bushnell, Vladimir Shlapentokh, Christopher K. Vanderpool and Jeyaratnam Sundram (eds.), State Organized Terror: The Case of Violent Internal Repression (Boulder, 1991), 227–40

  Bourke, Joanna, An Intimate History of Killing: Face-to-face Killing in Twentieth-Century Warfare (London, 1999)

  Bowlby, Alex, The Recollections of Rifleman Bowlby (London, 1999)

  Boyd, Carl, ‘Japanese Military Effectiveness: The Interwar Period’, in Allan R. Millett and Williamson Murray (eds.), Military Effectiveness, vol. II: The Interwar Period (Boston, 1988), 131–68

  Boyle, John Hunter, China and Japan at War, 1937–1945: The Politics of Collaboration (Stanford, 1972)

  Bradley, James, ‘The Boys Who Saved Australia, 1942’, in Robert Cowley (ed.), More What If? Eminent Historians Imagine What Might Have Been (Macmillan, 2002), 291–304

  Brainerd, Elizabeth and Mark V. Siegler, ‘The Economic Effects of the 1918 Influenza Epidemic’, Centre for Economic Policy Research Discussion Paper, 3791 (February 2003)

  Brands, H. W., The Devil We Knew: Americans and the Cold War (Oxford, 1993)

  Brass, Paul R. (ed.), Riots and Pogroms (New York, 1996)

  Breitman, Richard, Official Secrets: What the Nazis Planned, What the British and Americans Knew (London, 1999)

  Broadbent, Gilbert, Behind Enemy Lines (Bognor Regis, 1985)