Honaz see Cadmus
Honorius III, pope 600, 606, 619, 626, 641, 695, 736, 741, 747, 896
Hospitallers, the, Order of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem 169, 179, 198, 213, 217, 221, 224, 235, 253–7, 334, 354, 355, 367, 371, 409, 449, 457, 605, 639, 665, 667, 681, 683, 726, 727, 748, 750, 752, 768, 792, 830
criticisms of 838–41, 842
established on Rhodes 706, 834, 837, 842–3, 861, 879, 884–5
role in English politics 839
Hostiensis (Henry of Segusio) 894, 904
Hubert, scholar and crusade recruiter 736, 738
Hubert of Paceo 220
Hubert Walter, archbishop of Canterbury 395, 428–9, 430, 471
Hugh, abbot of Cluny 63, 251
Hugh, archbishop of Lyons 171
Hugh, bishop of Jubail 273, 323
Hugh, count of Avranches and earl of Chester 48–9
Hugh, count of Troyes 254
Hugh, count of Vermandois 59, 107–8, 109, 110, 112, 114, 115, 119, 147, 171, 175
Hugh II, king of Cyprus 728
Hugh II, count of Jaffa 206–7, 208, 209, 220
Hugh III, duke of Burgundy 378, 390, 397, 437, 440, 441, 443, 449, 454–5, 457, 464–6, 468–9
Hugh III, king of Cyprus, I, king of Jerusalem 724, 729, 730–32, 813
Hugh IV, duke of Burgundy 759, 761, 765–6, 775, 784, 808
Hugh IV, count of St Pol 502, 505, 507–8, 520, 540, 542–3, 547, 550
Hugh Bunel, murderer 82–3
Hugh Capet, king of France 16
Hugh of Chaumont, lord of Amboise 249, 253
Hugh Eteriano, scholar 537
Hugh of Ibelin 228, 357, 358
Hugh of Le Puiset, lord of Jaffa 221
Hugh of Payns, founder of Templars 254–5, 264–5
Hugh of St Omer, lord of Galilee 220, 221
Hulegu, Mongol commander 806–7
Humbaud, bishop of Auxerre 247
Humbert II, dauphin of Vienne 843
Humbert III the Old of Beaujeu 256
Humbert V of Beaujeu 601, 759, 762
Humbert of Romans, preacher 688, 814
Humphrey II of Toron 351, 360
Humphrey III of Toron 235, 361, 365, 371, 405, 429, 458, 466
Humphrey Bohun, earl of Hereford 708, 832
Hundred Years War, the 707, 831, 835, 836, 851, 852, 856, 901, 911
Hus, Jan, and Hussites 902, 912
Ibelin, family of 221, 238, 725–7, 731, 754
Ibn al-Athir, historian 333, 344–5, 351, 372, 384–5, 405, 414, 464, 643
Ibn al-Jawzi, writer 754–5
Ibn Jubayr, pilgrim 215, 228, 237
Ibn al-Khashshab, qadi of Aleppo 271
Ibn al-Khayyat, poet 270
Ibn Munir, poet 270
Ibn al-Qalanisi, chronicler 125, 182, 197, 329, 334–5
Ibn al-Qaysarani, poet 270
Ibn Shaddad see Beha al-Din
Ibn Wasil, civil servant and chronicler 746
Iconium (Konya) battle of (1190) 426
Ida, margravine of Austria 175
Iftikhar al-Dawla, governor of Jerusalem 155, 157
Il-Ghazi, ruler of Mardin 191, 192
Imad al-Din al-Isfahani, civil servant and writer 269–70, 353
Imad al-Din Zengi, atabeg of Mosul and of Aleppo 158, 187–9, 192, 203, 268–73, 343, 344, 368, 415
Inab, battle of (1149) 189, 331, 336, 344, 371
indulgences 45, 48, 50, 54–5, 56, 63, 64, 67, 74, 87, 168, 248, 250, 258, 274, 378, 489, 495, 500, 551–2, 581, 582, 585–6, 597–8, 606, 608, 613–14, 633–4, 655, 660, 662, 664, 665, 695, 698, 708, 757–8, 832, 853, 863, 865, 871, 872–4, 884, 888, 893, 896, 902, 911
see also Crusades: privileges and vow redemption
Ingelheim 37
Innocent II, pope 14, 275
Innocent III, pope 477, 479–88, 494, 515, 538, 557, 560, 563, 568, 581–2, 585, 606, 608, 611, 626, 635, 683, 685, 687, 690, 721, 893, 894–5, 896
Ad Liberandam 481–2, 612, 616–18, 634, 815
Albigensian Crusade and 566, 576, 582–8, 592, 597–9, 604, 605
Excommunicamus 894
Fifth Crusade and 606–7, 612–17, 621–2, 625, 628, 634
Fourth Crusade and 495–500, 503, 509–11, 514, 524, 529–30, 532, 538–9, 541, 543, 555
Quia Maior (1213) 477–8, 481–2, 597–8, 612–16, 621, 634
Innocent IV, pope 700, 702, 705, 758, 772, 773–4, 776, 778, 783, 785, 895, 904–5
Innocent VI, pope 842
Innocent VIII, pope 892–3
Inquisition, the 567, 602–3, 604
Investiture Contest, the 6–8, 47–8, 73, 172, 251–2
Ipswich 309
Isabella, queen of Castile 671, 914
Isabella of Ibelin, lady of Beirut 728–9
Isabella I, queen of Jerusalem 357–65, 429, 454, 466, 492, 723–4, 725
Isabella II, queen of Jerusalem 612, 632, 724, 725, 741, 747
Isabella of Portugal, duchess of Burgundy 861
Isaac II Angelus, Byzantine emperor 418, 419–20, 422–5, 434, 490, 518, 537, 546–9
Isaac Comnenus, ruler of Cyprus 443–6, 451, 535
Isidore of Seville 663
Istanbul 865
see also Constantinople
Ivo, bishop of Chartres 236
Jacques de Molay, last Master of the Temple 840–42
Jaffa 153, 174, 179, 219, 221, 492, 494, 722, 724, 730, 748, 810
battle for (1192) 353, 470–71
treaty of (1192) 461, 471, 473, 483, 640, 715, 751
treaty of (1229) 745, 746, 751–2
James, apostle and saint 655, 657, 662–3
James I, king of Aragon 598, 670, 809, 810–11, 815–16
James of Avesnes 409, 412, 413, 416, 432, 459, 908
James Tedaldo, writer 860
James of Vitry, bishop of Acre 477, 479, 497, 499, 584, 608, 615, 618, 619–20, 626, 629, 641, 642, 736
Jarento, abbot of St Bénigne, Dijon 76
Jean Germain, bishop of Châlons 859–61, 866
Jerome, saint
Vulgate of 30, 572, 573
Jerusalem 12, 35, 49, 53, 58, 68–70, 75, 120, 129, 137, 149, 167–9, 740
and the conquest of the Americas 914–15
first kingdom of 60, 159, 160, 178–82, 197, 200–240, 354–74; representative assemblies in 355–6
as goal of First Crusade 63, 66–70, 81–2
as goal of Third Crusade 460–74
as stated goal of crusades 375–6, 473–4, 501–2, 524, 529–30, 540, 639–41, 794, 800
partition plans for 466–7, 469–70, 751–2
patriarchate of 4, 78, 218, 616
pilgrimages to 43, 55, 56, 65, 68–70, 74, 81–2, 83, 116, 167, 169, 180, 216–18, 221, 243–4, 251–3, 329, 330, 379, 662, 826
recovery of, plans and schemes for 827–34, 836, 840, 853–4, 855, 866, 870, 872, 881
second kingdom of 715–33, 764, 806–8, 813–22
siege and fall of (638) 51–2; (1099) 31, 60, 82–3, 117, 142, 153–60, 351, 374, 554, 887–8; (1187) 351, 356, 372–4; (1244) 771, 772
Jews 78, 100, 108, 155, 227, 284, 389, 482, 757, 804, 867
persecution of (1096) 55, 59, 61, 71, 79, 95, 97, 100–106, 282; (1099) 158; (1146–7) 282–6, 292; (1190) 438–9; (in Spain) 656; (by Louis IX) 778, 804; (1320) 881
jihad 21, 52–4, 269–73, 334, 344–5, 352–3, 657, 846
Joan, queen of Sicily 442, 443, 461
Joan of Arc 909–10
Joannitza, king of Bulgaria 550, 555–6
Jocelyn of Brakelond, monk and chronicler 393
John, bishop of Speyer 101
John, king of England 393, 431, 466, 470, 484, 496, 502, 508, 576, 582, 587–9, 595, 612–13, 615, 620, 623, 895
John, king of Sweden 695
John, lord of Joinville, crusader and memorialist 776, 779, 781, 782–3, 787–801 passim, 805, 809, 814
John, saint, Book of Revelation of 31, 157
&nbs
p; John I Tzimisces, Byzantine emperor 53
John II Comnenus, Byzantine emperor 188, 194, 265, 268, 323, 534
John II, king of France 832, 883
John IV the Oxite, patriarch of Antioch 193
John V Palaeologus, Byzantine emperor 847, 849, 851
John VI Cantacuzene, Byzantine emperor 843, 851
John VIII, pope 38
John VIII Palaeologus, Byzantine emperor 849–50, 859
John XII, pope 6
John XXII, pope 830, 835, 889, 899–900, 901
John the Baptist 30, 254, 497
John of Basingstoke, scholar 537
John Beaufort 853–4
John Bessarion, cardinal 844, 846, 849
John of Brienne, king of Jerusalem, emperor of Constantinople 556–7, 612, 629, 630–32, 639, 641, 642–7, 716, 725, 736, 740, 741, 743, 756, 897
John Bromyard, OP 891
John of Capistrano, Observant Franciscan and saint 866–9, 891
John the Fearless, count of Nevers, duke of Burgundy 854–7, 858, 861
John of Friaise 510
John of Gaunt, duke of Lancaster 853, 854, 901
John Hunyadi, regent of Hungary 862–3, 867–9
John of Ibelin, lord of Arsuf 727, 728
John of Ibelin, ‘Old Lord of Beirut’ 494, 725, 748
John of Ibelin, count of Jaffa 727, 728, 729–31, 784, 787, 791, 806
Le Livre des Assises 729–30
John of Mantua 67
John Paston II, owner of a book on Richard I 886
John Paul II, pope 560, 917
John Phocas, pilgrim 221
John of Plano Carpini, OFM 785
John Sarrasin, French civil servant 787
John Scot Erigena 37
John Torcello, Greek agent 859
John of Würzburg, pilgrim 217, 221, 253, 677
John Wyclif, heresiarch 901, 905
De Cruciata 901
John of Xanten, preacher 619
Joscelin I of Courtenay, count of Edessa 186–7, 221, 271
Joscelin II of Courtenay, count of Edessa 188–9, 268, 331
Joscelin III of Courtenay, titular count of Edessa 357, 358–60, 364
Joscius, archbishop of Tyre 374, 376, 493
Joseph, monk of Canterbury and pilgrim 83
Julian Caesarini, cardinal 862–3
Julius II, pope 901
Julius III, pope 902
just war 32–51, 258
Kalavun, sultan of Egypt 732, 817, 818
Kalojan, king of Bulgaria 510
Kalonymos, rabbi of Mainz 101–2
al-Kamil, sultan of Egypt 630–49 passim, 742, 745–6, 747–52, 755, 764
Karaman 427
Kerak 203, 224, 363, 367, 372, 639
Kerbogha, atabeg of Mosul 129, 134, 137, 138, 140–41, 143, 144, 146–7, 149, 186, 204, 246
Khwarazmians, Turkish freebooters 746, 769, 771
Kibotos 82, 98, 99, 108, 119
Kilij Arslan I, sultan of Rum 124, 127, 128, 129–30, 174, 203
Kilij Arslan II, sultan of Rum 419, 426
Knightsbridge 255
Konya 131, 534
see also Iconium
Koran, the, translations of 245, 859
Kossovo, battle of (1389) 843, 863; (1448) 863
La Forbie, battle of (1244) 771
La Merced, Order of 667
Ladislaus, king of Bohemia 282
Ladislaus IV, king of Hungary 862–3
Lambert, bishop of Arras 63
Landulph, Byzantine agent 327
Lapps 4
Las Navas de Tolosa, battle of (1212) 612, 668–9
Lateran, St John, palace and church of, Rome
First General Church Council at (1123) 488–9, 664
Third General Church Council at (1179) 489, 551, 578, 580, 583
Fourth General Church Council at (1215) 260, 387, 481, 482, 487, 568, 585, 598–9, 616–17, 687, 893
Fifth General Church Council at (1512–17) 873
Lattakiah 117, 135–6, 150, 161, 178, 190, 193, 628, 817
Lavaur, massacre at (1211) 579–80, 584, 585
Lazarus, Order of 256–7
Leo II, king of Armenia 490, 493–4, 632, 644, 716
Leo III, pope 5
Leo IV, pope 38
Leo IX, pope 14, 46
Leopold V, duke of Austria 398–9, 418, 453, 472, 478
Leopold VI, duke of Austria 487, 584, 606, 615, 626, 629, 635, 669
Lepanto, battle of (1571) 903–4
Limoges 72, 74
Lincoln, battle of (1217) 896
Lisbon, siege of (1147) 300, 304, 308–17, 665
Lithuania 677, 682, 684, 689, 693–4, 705–10
Livonia 488, 491, 500, 681, 685–94, 701, 705, 706, 711
Livre au Roi 729
Livy 32
locusts, plagues of 181
Lombards 61, 98, 172–3, 174, 175, 224
War of 725–6
London, Londoners 3, 300, 309, 396, 412, 414, 432, 438, 608
Lorraine, Lorrainers 59, 62, 79, 81, 108–10, 293
Louis, duke of Orléans 854
Louis I, count of Blois 502–3, 505, 507–8, 510, 518, 520, 550, 556, 613
Louis I, count of Clermont, duke of Bourbon 878–9, 880–81, 883
Louis I, duke of Bavaria 625, 645, 741
Louis II, duke of Bourbon 852–3, 883
Louis III, landgrave of Thuringia 413, 418, 428
Louis IV, king of Germany 705, 830, 899
Louis IV, landgrave of Thuringia 744, 746–7
Louis VII, king of France 16, 18, 252, 275–81, 283, 289–338 passim, 384, 420, 489, 550, 580, 737
Louis VIII, king of France 451, 453, 566, 576, 588, 592, 598–601, 620, 622
Louis IX, king of France 345, 558, 601, 670, 727, 728, 737, 758, 759, 762, 769, 830, 881, 908
first crusade 604, 722, 770–802, 803–4, 909
second crusade 805–14
Louis XI, king of France 870
Louis XII, king of France 873
Lowestoft 414
Lübeck 305, 430, 685, 689, 690–92, 701, 702, 704, 744
Lucca 61, 118
Lucius II, pope 273–4, 581
Ad abolendam (1184) 581
Lucius III, pope 342, 417
Ludolf of Tournai 157
Lydda 153
Lyons
First General Council of the Church at (1245) 772, 774, 778, 779, 785, 897
Second General Council of the Church at (1274) 688, 706, 814–16, 837, 840, 849; Constitutiones pro zeli fidei 815
Ma ‘arrat al-Nu ‘man 142, 145, 149–50, 190, 192, 270
Mabel of Bellême 83
Maccabees, the 30–31, 41, 86, 380, 421, 477, 906, 909, 912
Magdeburg, ‘crusade’ circular of 246, 263, 674–6, 677
Magna Carta 615, 617
Magna Mahomeria (al-Bira) 220, 221–2, 223, 232, 754
Magnus II, king of Sweden 697–8
al-Mahdiya 54
crusade to (1390) 852–3
Mainz 78, 100, 101–2, 103, 104, 105
diet of (‘Curia Christi’) (1188) 377, 387, 392, 394, 419
Maldon, battle of (991) 40
Malik Shah, Seljuk sultan 126–7, 128
Mamistra 132
mamluks, slave warriors 22, 348, 352, 415, 729
Bahriyya division 771, 789, 790–91, 792, 795, 797, 807
Mamluks, rulers of Egypt 22, 715, 720–21, 722, 732, 770, 806–7, 817, 826, 831–4, 836–7, 845, 861, 884
Manasses, bishop of Orléans 563–6
Manasses, archbishop of Rheims 172
Manasses of Hierges, constable of Jerusalem 208, 220
Manfred, king of Sicily 806, 898
Mansourah 646–7, 788, 789–94, 796
battle of (1250) 789, 792–4, 797, 799
al-Mansur, ruler of al-Andalus 53, 54, 657, 670
Mantua, conference at (1459–60) 870
Manuel I Comnenus, Byzantine emperor 194, 218, 236, 273
, 286, 289, 291, 318–19, 321–9, 331, 335, 342, 346–7, 510, 533–7
Manuel II Palaeologus, Byzantine emperor 849, 851
Manzikert, battle of 11, 49, 82, 127
Marasch 132
Margaret of France, queen of Hungary 421
Margaret of Provence, queen of France 789, 796, 811
Margat (Marqab), castle of 446, 817
Maria of Antioch, sister of Bohemund III 194
Maria of Antioch, daughter of Bohemund IV 731
Maria Comnena, queen of Jerusalem 212, 357–61, 372
Maria la Marquise, queen of Jerusalem 493, 632, 724, 725
Marienburg, becomes Teutonic Knights’ HQ 842
Marinid rulers of Morocco 671
Marino Sanudo Torsello, Venetian writer 718, 802, 827–8, 905
Marmoutier, abbey of 63, 70, 71, 74
Marseilles, preaching in 619
Marsilius of Padua 905
Martin, abbot of Pairis 498, 503–4, 506, 517, 520, 553, 557
Martin IV, pope 898
Mary, mother of Jesus, as war goddess and patroness 687–8
‘Master of Hungary’, the, demagogue 804
Matthew Gentile, count of Lesina 625, 645
Matthew Paris, monk and chronicler 625, 717, 721, 762–3, 772, 800
Matthias Corvinus, king of Hungary 872
Matilda, daughter of Henry I of England, countess of Anjou 195, 207, 208, 300
Matilda, wife of King Stephen, queen of England 255
Mawdud, ruler of Mosul 190, 203, 227, 271
Mecca 203, 345, 362
Medina 203, 345
Mehmed I, Ottoman sultan 852
Mehmed II, the Conqueror, Ottoman sultan 844, 845, 850, 851, 863–6, 868, 871, 872
Meinhard, missionary 689, 690
Melisende, queen of Jerusalem 207, 208, 209–10, 232, 264, 277, 332, 334, 335, 345, 357
Psalter of 210, 236
Memel 689
Merzifon, battle of 174, 175
Messina, and Third Crusade 436, 441–3, 450, 532
Mestwin, duke of Danzig 703
Mezenc, castellans of 86
Michael VIII Palaeologus, Byzantine emperor 557, 815, 849
Michael Choniates, archbishop of Athens 537
Miesco I, king of Poland 5, 10
Miguel de Cervantes 673
Milan, Milanese 3, 175
Patarines of 46–7, 48
Miles of Plancy, seneschal of Jerusalem 209, 220, 357, 359, 360
Milo of Brébant 510
Milo of Evry-le-Châtel 300
Mindaugas, king of Lithuania 702
miscegenation, stories of 175, 230, 750
Mohacs, battle of (1526) 844
Moissac, monks of St Peter’s of 80
Mongols, the 641, 705, 715, 718, 722, 755–6, 769, 770–71, 772, 784–6, 798, 801, 806–7, 813, 815–16, 817, 818, 826, 838, 913–14
Monreal del Campo, militia of 256
God's War: A New History of the Crusades Page 130