The Odyssey: The Fitzgerald Translation

by Homer;Robert Fitzgerald

  So radiant Dawn once took to bed Orion

  until you easeful gods grew peevish at it,

  and holy Artemis, Artemis throned in gold,

  hunted him down in Delos with her arrows.

  Then Demeter of the tasseled tresses yielded

  to Iasion, mingling and making love

  in a furrow three times plowed; but Zeus found out

  and killed him with a white-hot thunderbolt.

  So now you grudge me, too, my mortal friend.

  But it was I who saved him—saw him straddle

  his own keel board, the one man left afloat

  when Zeus rent wide his ship with chain lightning

  and overturned him in the winedark sea.

  Then all his troops were lost, his good companions,

  but wind and current washed him here to me.

  I fed him, loved him, sang that he should not die

  nor grow old, ever, in all the days to come.

  But now there’s no eluding Zeus’s will.

  If this thing be ordained by him, I say

  so be it, let the man strike out alone

  on the vast water. Surely I cannot ‘send’ him.

  I have no long-oared ships, no company

  to pull him on the broad back of the sea.

  My counsel he shall have, and nothing hidden,

  to help him homeward without harm.”

  To this the Way finder made answer briefly:

  “Thus you shall send him, then. And show more grace

  in your obedience, or be chastised by Zeus.”

  The strong god glittering left her as he spoke,

  and now her ladyship, having given heed

  to Zeus’s mandate, went to find Odysseus

  in his stone seat to seaward—tear on tear

  brimming his eyes. The sweet days of his life time

  were running out in anguish over his exile,

  for long ago the nymph had ceased to please.

  Though he fought shy of her and her desire,

  he lay with her each night, for she compelled him.

  But when day came he sat on the rocky shore

  and broke his own heart groaning, with eyes wet

  scanning the bare horizon of the sea.

  Now she stood near him in her beauty, saying:

  “O forlorn man, be still.

  Here you need grieve no more; you need not feel

  your life consumed here; I have pondered it,

  and I shall help you go.

  Come and cut down high timber for a raft

  or flatboat; make her broad-beamed, and decked over,

  so you can ride her on the misty sea.

  Stores I shall put aboard for you—bread, water,

  and ruby-colored wine, to stay your hunger—

  give you a seacloak and a following wind

  to help you homeward without harm—provided

  the gods who rule wide heaven wish it so.

  Stronger than I they are, in mind and power.”

  For all he had endured, Odysseus shuddered.

  But when he spoke, his words went to the mark:

  “After these years, a helping hand? O goddess,

  what guile is hidden here?

  A raft, you say, to cross the Western Ocean,

  rough water, and unknown? Seaworthy ships

  that glory in god’s wind will never cross it.

  I take no raft you grudge me out to sea.

  Or yield me first a great oath, if I do,

  to work no more enchantment to my harm.”

  At this the beautiful nymph Kalypso smiled

  and answered sweetly, laying her hand upon him:

  “What a dog you are! And not for nothing learned,

  having the wit to ask this thing of me!

  My witness then be earth and sky

  and dripping Styx that I swear by—

  the gay gods cannot swear more seriously—

  I have no further spells to work against you.

  But what I shall devise, and what I tell you,

  will be the same as if your need were mine.

  Fairness is all I think of. There are hearts

  made of cold iron—but my heart is kind.”

  Swiftly she turned and led him to her cave,

  and they went in, the mortal and immortal.

  He took the chair left empty now by Hermes,

  where the divine Kalypso placed before him

  victuals and drink of men; then she sat down

  facing Odysseus, while her serving maids

  brought nectar and ambrosia to her side.

  Then each one’s hands went out on each one’s feast

  until they had had their pleasure; and she said:

  “Son of Laërtês, versatile Odysseus,

  after these years with me, you still desire

  your old home? Even so, I wish you well.

  If you could see it all, before you go—

  all the adversity you face at sea—

  you would stay here, and guard this house, and be

  immortal—though you wanted her forever,

  that bride for whom you pine each day.

  Can I be less desirable than she is?

  Less interesting? Less beautiful? Can mortals

  compare with goddesses in grace and form?”

  To this the strategist Odysseus answered:

  “My lady goddess, here is no cause for anger.

  My quiet Penélopê—how well I know—

  would seem a shade before your majesty,

  death and old age being unknown to you,

  while she must die. Yet, it is true, each day

  I long for home, long for the sight of home.

  If any god has marked me out again

  for shipwreck, my tough heart can undergo it.

  What hardship have I not long since endured

  at sea, in battle! Let the trial come.”

  Now as he spoke the sun set, dusk drew on,

  and they retired, this pair, to the inner cave

  to revel and rest softly, side by side.

  When Dawn spread out her finger tips of rose

  Odysseus pulled his tunic and his cloak on,

  while the sea nymph dressed in a silvery gown

  of subtle tissue, drew about her waist

  a golden belt, and veiled her head, and then

  took thought for the great-hearted hero’s voyage.

  A brazen axehead first she had to give him,

  two-bladed, and agreeable to the palm

  with a smooth-fitting haft of olive wood;

  next a well-polished adze; and then she led him

  to the island’s tip where bigger timber grew—

  besides the alder and poplar, tall pine trees,

  long dead and seasoned, that would float him high.

  Showing him in that place her stand of timber

  the loveliest of nymphs took her way home.

  Now the man fell to chopping; when he paused

  twenty tall trees were down. He lopped the branches,

  split the trunks, and trimmed his puncheons true.

  Meanwhile Kalypso brought him an auger tool

  with which he drilled through all his planks, then drove

  stout pins to bolt them, fitted side by side.

  A master shipwright, building a cargo vessel,

  lays down a broad and shallow hull; just so

  Odysseus shaped the bottom of his craft.

  He made his decking fast to close-set ribs

  before he closed the side with longer planking,

  then cut a mast pole, and a proper yard,

  and shaped a steering oar to hold her steady.

  He drove long strands of willow in all the seams

  to keep out waves, and ballasted with logs.

  As for a sail, the lovely nymph Kalypso

  brought him a cloth so he could make that, too.

  Then he ran up his
rigging—halyards, braces—

  and hauled the boat on rollers to the water.

  This was the fourth day, when he had all ready;

  on the fifth day, she sent him out to sea.

  But first she bathed him, gave him a scented cloak,

  and put on board a skin of dusky wine

  with water in a bigger skin, and stores—

  boiled meats and other victuals—in a bag.

  Then she conjured a warm landbreeze to blowing—

  joy for Odysseus when he shook out sail!

  Now the great seaman, leaning on his oar,

  steered all the night unsleeping, and his eyes

  picked out the Pleiades, the laggard Ploughman,

  and the Great Bear, that some have called the Wain,

  pivoting in the sky before Orion;

  of all the night’s pure figures, she alone

  would never bathe or dip in the Ocean stream.

  These stars the beautiful Kalypso bade him

  hold on his left hand as he crossed the main.

  Seventeen nights and days in the open water

  he sailed, before a dark shoreline appeared;

  Skhería then came slowly into view

  like a rough shield of bull’s hide on the sea.

  But now the god of earthquake, storming home

  over the mountains of Asia from the Sunburned land,

  sighted him far away. The god grew sullen

  and tossed his great head, muttering to himself:

  “Here is a pretty cruise! While I was gone

  the gods have changed their minds about Odysseus.

  Look at him now, just offshore of that island

  that frees him from the bondage of his exile!

  Still I can give him a rough ride in, and will.”

  Brewing high thunderheads, he churned the deep

  with both hands on his trident—called up wind

  from every quarter, and sent a wall of rain

  to blot out land and sea in torrential night.

  Hurricane winds now struck from the South and East

  shifting North West in a great spume of seas,

  on which Odysseus’ knees grew slack, his heart

  sickened, and he said within himself:

  “Rag of man that I am, is this the end of me?

  I fear the goddess told it all too well—

  predicting great adversity at sea

  and far from home. Now all things bear her out:

  the whole rondure of heaven hooded so

  by Zeus in woeful cloud, and the sea raging

  under such winds. I am going down, that’s sure.

  How lucky those Danaans were who perished

  on Troy’s wide seaboard, serving the Atreidai!

  Would God I, too, had died there—met my end

  that time the Trojans made so many casts at me

  when I stood by Akhilleus after death. ’

  I should have had a soldier’s burial

  and praise from the Akhaians—not this choking

  waiting for me at sea, unmarked and lonely.”

  A great wave drove at him with toppling crest

  spinning him round, in one tremendous blow,

  and he went plunging overboard, the oar-haft

  wrenched from his grip. A gust that came on howling

  at the same instant broke his mast in two,

  hurling his yard and sail far out to leeward.

  Now the big wave a long time kept him under,

  helpless to surface, held by tons of water,

  tangled, too, by the seacloak of Kalypso.

  Long, long, until he came up spouting brine,

  with streamlets gushing from his head and beard;

  but still bethought him, half-drowned as he was,

  to flounder for the boat and get a handhold

  into the bilge—to crouch there, foiling death.

  Across the foaming water, to and fro,

  the boat careered like a ball of tumbleweed

  blown on the autumn plains, but intact still.

  So the winds drove this wreck over the deep,

  East Wind and North Wind, then South Wind and West,

  coursing each in turn to the brutal harry.

  But Ino saw him—Ino, Kadmos’ daughter,

  slim-legged, lovely, once an earthling girl,

  now in the seas a nereid, Leukothea.

  Touched by Odysseus’ painful buffeting

  she broke the surface, like a diving bird,

  to rest upon the tossing raft and say:

  “O forlorn man, I wonder

  why the Earthshaker, Lord Poseidon, holds

  this fearful grudge—father of all your woes.

  He will not drown you, though, despite his rage.

  You seem clear-headed still; do what I tell you.

  Shed that cloak, let the gale take your craft,

  and swim for it—swim hard to get ashore

  upon Skhería, yonder,

  where it is fated that you find a shelter.

  Here: make my veil your sash; it is not mortal;

  you cannot, now, be drowned or suffer harm.

  Only, the instant you lay hold of earth,

  discard it, cast it far, far out from shore

  in the winedark sea again, and turn away.”

  After she had bestowed her veil, the nereid

  dove like a gull to windward

  where a dark waveside closed over her whiteness.

  But in perplexity Odysseus

  said to himself, his great heart laboring:

  “O damned confusion! Can this be a ruse

  to trick me from the boat for some god’s pleasure?

  No I’ll not swim; with my own eyes I saw

  how far the land lies that she called my shelter.

  Better to do the wise thing, as I see it.

  While this poor planking holds, I stay aboard;

  I may ride out the pounding of the storm,

  or if she cracks up, take to the water then;

  I cannot think it through a better way.”

  But even while he pondered and decided,

  the god of earthquake heaved a wave against him

  high as a rooftree and of awful gloom.

  A gust of wind, hitting a pile of chaff,

  will scatter all the parched stuff far and wide;

  just so, when this gigantic billow struck

  the boat’s big timbers flew apart. Odysseus

  clung to a single beam, like a jockey riding,

  meanwhile stripping Kalypso’s cloak away;

  then he slung round his chest the veil of Ino

  and plunged headfirst into the sea. His hands

  went out to stroke, and he gave a swimmer’s kick.

  But the strong Earthshaker had him under his eye,

  and nodded as he said:

  “Go on, go on;

  wander the high seas this way, take your blows,

  before you join that race the gods have nurtured.

  Nor will you grumble, even then, I think,

  for want of trouble.”

  Whipping his glossy team

  he rode off to his glorious home at Aigai.

  But Zeus’s daughter Athena countered him:

  she checked the course of all the winds but one,

  commanding them, “Be quiet and go to sleep.”

  Then sent a long swell running under a norther

  to bear the prince Odysseus, back from danger,

  to join the Phaiákians, people of the sea.

  Two nights, two days, in the solid deep-sea swell

  he drifted, many times awaiting death,

  until with shining ringlets in the East

  the dawn confirmed a third day, breaking clear

  over a high and windless sea; and mounting

  a rolling wave he caught a glimpse of land.

  What a dear welcome thing life seems to children

  whose fat
her, in the extremity, recovers

  after some weakening and malignant illness:

  his pangs are gone, the gods have delivered him.

  So dear and welcome to Odysseus

  the sight of land, of woodland, on that morning.

  It made him swim again, to get a foothold

  on solid ground. But when he came in earshot

  he heard the trampling roar of sea on rock,

  where combers, rising shoreward, thudded down

  on the sucking ebb—all sheeted with salt foam.

  Here were no coves or harborage or shelter,

  only steep headlands, rockfallen reefs and crags.

  Odysseus’ knees grew slack, his heart faint,

  a heaviness came over him, and he said:

  “A cruel turn, this. Never had I thought

  to see this land, but Zeus has let me see it—

  and let me, too, traverse the Western Ocean—

  only to find no exit from these breakers.

  Here are sharp rocks off shore, and the sea a smother

  rushing around them; rock face rising sheer

  from deep water; nowhere could I stand up

  on my two feet and fight free of the welter.

  No matter how I try it, the surf may throw me

  against the cliffside; no good fighting there.

  If I swim down the coast, outside the breakers,

  I may find shelving shore and quiet water—

  but what if another gale comes on to blow?

  Then I go cursing out to sea once more.

  Or then again, some shark of Amphitritê’s

  may hunt me, sent by the genius of the deep.

  I know how he who makes earth tremble hates me.”

  During this meditation a heavy surge

  was taking him, in fact, straight on the rocks.

  He had been flayed there, and his bones broken,

  had not grey-eyed Athena instructed him:

  he gripped a rock-ledge with both hands in passing