On to Victory
Page 52
10 Walter G. Pavey, An Historical Account of the 7th Canadian Reconnaissance Regiment (17th Duke of York’s Royal Canadian Hussars) (Gardenvale, QC: Harpell’s Press, 1948), 107.
11 Ibid., 107-08.
12 Queen’s Own Cameron Highlanders of Canada War Diary, March 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 17-18.
13 “Canadian Army Overseas Honours and Awards Citation Details,” Directorate of Heritage and History, Department of National Defence, www.cmp-cpm.forces.gc.ca/dhh-dhp/gal/cao-aco/details-eng.asp?firstname=John&lastname=Ruczak&rec=id846 (accessed July 29, 2009).
14 Queen’s Own Cameron Highlanders of Canada War Diary, 17-18.
15 “Canadian Army Overseas Honours and Awards Citation Details,” Directorate of Heritage and History, Department of National Defence, www.cmp-cpm.forces.gc.ca/dhh-dhp/gal/cao-aco/details-eng.asp?firstname=John&lastname=Ruczak&rec=id846 (accessed July 29, 2009).
16 R.W. Queens-Hughes, Whatever Men Dare: A History of the Queen’s Own Cameron Highlanders of Canada, 1935-1960 (Winnipeg: Bulman Brothers, 1960), 169.
17 Queen’s Own Cameron Highlanders of Canada War Diary, 18.
18 “Report No. 19,” para. 101.
19 8th Canadian Reconnaissance Regiment (14th Canadian Hussars) War Diary, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 7.
20 “Report No. 19,” para. 101.
21 Les Fusiliers Mont-Royal War Diary, March 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 9.
22 “Report No. 19,” para. 102.
23 Paul P. Hutchinson, Canada’s Black Watch: The First Hundred Years, 1862-1962 (Montreal: Black Watch (RHR) of Canada, 1962), 235.
24 1st Battalion, The Black Watch (RHR) of Canada War Diary, April 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 1.
25 Ibid., 2.
26 “Canadian Army Overseas Honours and Awards Citation Details,” Directorate of Heritage and History, Department of National Defence, www.cmp-cpm.forces.gc.ca/dhh-dhp/gal/cao-aco/details-eng.asp?firstname=RaymondEaton&lastname=Stacey&rec=id1029 (accessed on July 30, 2009).
27 1st Battalion, The Black Watch (RHR) of Canada War Diary, 2-3.
28 Calgary Highlanders War Diary, April 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 1.
29 David Bercuson, Battalion of Heroes: The Calgary Highlanders in World War II (Calgary: Calgary Highlanders Regimental Funds Foundation, 1994), 226.
30 “Canadian Army Overseas Honours and Awards Citation Details,” Directorate of Heritage and History, Department of National Defence, www.cmp-cpm.forces.gc.ca/dhh-dhp/gal/cao-aco/details-eng.asp?firstname=WilliamJohnHenry&lastname=Sherring&rec=id947 (accessed July 31, 2009).
31 Calgary Highlanders War Diary, 1.
32 Roy Farran, The History of the Calgary Highlanders, 1921-54 (Calgary: Bryant Press, 1954), 206-07.
33 Bercuson, Battalion of Heroes, 227-28.
34 Calgary Highlanders War Diary, 2.
35 Jean Bouchery, The Canadian Soldier in North-West Europe, 1944-1945, trans. Alan McKay (Paris: Histoire & Collections, 2003), 122.
36 Calgary Highlanders War Diary, 2.
37 “Report No. 19,” Appendix B.
38 Bercuson, Battalion of Heroes, 229.
39 “Report No. 19,” para. 150.
9: ALL TOGETHER AGAIN
1 C.P. Stacey, The Victory Campaign: The Operations in North-West Europe, 1944-1945, vol. 3 (Ottawa: Queen’s Printer, 1960), 545.
2 “Extracts Polish Armoured Division History,” vol. 10942, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 85.
3 “Sitreps from Netherlands District, April 1945,” 215A21.013(D13), vol. 10538, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 1-38.
4 “Report No. 39 Historical Section (G.S.) Army Headquarters: Operations of 1 Cdn Corps in North-West Europe, 15 Mar-5 May 45,” Department of National Defence, January 31, 1951, para. 6.
5 Reginald H. Roy, The Seaforth Highlanders of Canada, 1919-1965 (Vancouver: Evergreen Press, 1969), 413-14.
6 1st Canadian Armoured Brigade War Diary, March 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 16.
7 Gwilym Jones, To the Green Fields Beyond: A Soldier’s Story (Burnstown, ON : General Store Publishing House, 1993), 145.
8 “Report No. 39,” para. 5.
9 Farley Mowat, The Regiment, 2nd ed. (Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1973), 297.
10 History of the 3rd Canadian Field Regiment, Royal Canadian Artillery: September 1939 to July 1945-World War II (Canada: n.p., 1945), 71.
11 Kim Beattie, Dileas: History of the 48th Highlanders of Canada, 1929-1956 (Toronto: 48th Highlanders of Canada, 1957), 738.
12 C. Sydney Frost, Once a Patricia: Memoirs of a Junior Infantry Officer in World War II (Ottawa: Borealis Press, 2004), 423-24.
13 “Report No. 39,” para. 8-12.
14 George Kitching, Mud and Green Fields: The Memoirs of Major General George Kitching (Langley, BC : Battleline Books, 1985), 249.
15 Sean M. Maloney, “General Charles Foulkes: A primer on how to be CDS,” in Warrior Chiefs, Bernd Horn and Stephen Harris, eds. (Toronto: Dundurn Press, 2001), 220.
16 C.P. Stacey, Six Years of War: The Army in Canada, Britain and the Pacific, vol. 1 (Ottawa: Queens Printer, 1957), 253.
17 “Reports by Gen. H.D.G. Crerar, C.B., D.S.O., on Operations 1st Cdn Army to McNaughton: 7.11 Mar to 5 May 45,” vol. 10636, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 4.
18 Ibid., 4.
19 Stacey, The Victory Campaign, 543-45.
20 Ibid., 546.
21 “Outline of Operations to Secure North-West Holland (West of line Hilversum- Utrecht), with Appendix,” RG24, vol. 10535, Library and Archives Canada, 1-5, Appendix 1-3.
10: A LION AND A TIGER
1 “Report No. 32 Historical Section (G.S.) Army Headquarters: The Concluding Phase of Operations by the First CDN Army: Part I,” Department of National Defence, December 10, 1949, para. 5.
2 Ibid., paras. 4-6.
3 Ibid., para. 8.
4 South Alberta Regiment War Diary, April 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 3.
5 Donald Graves, South Albertas: A Canadian Regiment at War (Toronto: Robin Brass Studio, 1998), 305-06.
6 Ibid., 306.
7 Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders War Diary, April 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 2.
8 10th Canadian Infantry Brigade War Diary, April 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 1.
9 Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders War Diary, 2.
10 G.L. Cassidy, Warpath: From Tilly-la-campagne to the Kusten Canal (Markham, ON: PaperJacks, 1980), 335.
11 “Report No. 32, Part 1,” para. 51.
12 Ibid.
13 Lake Superior Regiment (Motor) War Diary, April 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 2.
14 4th Canadian Armoured Brigade War Diary, April 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 4.
15 Geoffrey Hayes, The Lincs: A History of the Lincoln and Welland Regiment at War (Alma, ON : Maple Leaf Route, 1986), 113.
16 R.L. Rogers, History of the Lincoln and Welland Regiment (Montreal: Industrial Shops for the Deaf, 1954), 252-53.
17 Lincoln and Welland Regiment War Diary, April 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 4.
18 Hayes, 113-14.
19 Lincoln and Welland Regiment War Diary, 4
20 Hayes, 114.
21 “Canadian Army Overseas Honours and Awards Citation Details,” Directorate of Heritage and History, Department of National Defence, www.cmp-cpm.forces.gc.ca/dhh-dhp/gal/cao-aco/details-eng.asp?firstname=CliffordLloyd&lastname=Challice&rec=id4522 (accessed August 18, 2009).
22 Hayes, 114.
23 “Canadian Army Overseas Honours and Awards,” Challice.
24 Hayes, 114-16.
25 4th Canadian Armoured Brigade War Diary, 5.
26 Lake Superior Regiment (Motor) War Diary, 3.
27 George F.G. Stanley, In the Face of Danger: The History of the Lake Superior Regiment (Port Arthur, ON : Lake Superior Scottish Regiment, 1960), 283.
28 Lake Superior Regiment War Diary, 5.
>
29 4th Canadian Armoured Brigade War Diary, 6.
30 Ibid., 7.
31 Lake Superior Regiment War Diary, 6-7.
32 4th Canadian Armoured Brigade War Diary, 7-8.
33 “Report No. 32, Part 1,” para. 66.
34 G.L. Cassidy, Warpath: From Tilly-la-campagne to the Kusten Canal (Markham, ON : PaperJacks, 1980), 337-38.
35 Algonquin Regiment War Diary, April 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 5.
36 Cassidy, 337-39.
11: FIERCE REARGUARD ACTIONS
1 D.J. Goodspeed, Battle Royal: A History of the Royal Regiment of Canada (Toronto: Royal Regiment of Canada Assoc., 1962), 551.
2 VIII CDN Recce Rgt 14 CH : Battle History of the Regt (Victoria: 8th Cdn Recce Association, 1993), 51-52.
3 “Canadian Army Overseas Honours and Awards Citation Details,” Directorate of Heritage and History, Department of National Defence, www.cmp-cpm.forces.gc.ca/dhh-dhp/gal/cao-aco/details-eng.asp?firstname=GarnetWilliam&lastname=Eldridge&rec=id4708. (accessed August 19, 2009).
4 Goodspeed, 551.
5 Royal Regiment of Canada War Diary, April 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 1-2.
6 Ibid., 2-3.
7 4th Canadian Infantry Brigade War Diary, April 1945, WO 179/Canadian Forces/4th Infantry Brigade, U K National Archives, 7.
8 Ibid., 8-9.
9 7th Canadian Infantry Brigade War Diary, April 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 1.
10 “Operation Plunder (Capture of Wehl),” 1452.R11011(D6), Directorate of Heritage and History, Department of National Defence, 1.
11 Ibid., 2-3.
12 Gordon Brown and Terry Copp, Look to Your Front ...Regina Rifles: A Regiment at War (Waterloo, ON : Laurier Centre Military Strategic Disarmament Studies, 2001), 183.
13 Stewart A.G. Mein, Up the Johns! The Story of the Royal Regina Rifles (North Battleford, SK: Turner-Warwick Publications, 1992), 137.
14 Brown and Copp, 183.
15 H.M. Jackson, The Sherbrooke Regiment (12th Armoured Regiment) (Montreal: Christian Bros. Press, 1958), 168.
16 “J. Walter Keith Account,” unpublished reminiscence in possession of author, 13.
17 “Operation Plunder (Capture of Wehl),” 3-4.
18 Reginald H. Roy, Ready for the Fray: The History of the Canadian Scottish Regiment (Princess Mary’s), 1920 to 1955 (Vancouver: Evergreen Press, 1958), 404-05.
19 “Operation Plunder: Prepared by Q.O.R. of C.,” 145.2Q2011(D7), Directorate of Heritage and History, Department of National Defence, 2-3.
20 “Report No. 39 Historical Section (G.S.) Army Headquarters: Operations of 1 Cdn Corps in North-West Europe, 15 Mar-5 May 45,” Department of National Defence, January 31, 1951, paras. 20-21.
21 Henk Dykman, “The Glens in Leesten,” manuscript in possession of author, 7-8.
22 Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry Highlanders War Diary, April 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 3.
23 “Report No. 39,” para. 22.
24 Dykman, 11-16.
25 Ibid., 17.
26 Ibid., 18.
27 William Boss, Up the Glens: Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry Highlanders, 1783-1994, 2nd ed. (Cornwall, ON: Old Book Store, 1995), 255.
28 Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry Highlanders War Diary, 4.
29 “The 11th Canadian Armoured Regiment (Ont. R.) Actions Kommerdijk,” 141.4A 11, Directorate of Heritage and History, Department of National Defence, 1-2.
30 “Report No. 39 Historical Section (G.S.) Army Headquarters: Operations of 1 Cdn Corps in North-West Europe, 15 Mar-5 May 45,” Department of National Defence, January 31, 1951, para. 16.
31 “11th Canadian Armoured Regiment Actions Kommerdijk,” 2.
32 Ibid., 2.
33 11th Canadian Armoured Regiment War Diary (Ontario Regiment), April 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 3.
34 “Report No. 39,” para. 17.
35 Irish Regiment of Canada War Diary, April 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, n.p.
36 Cape Breton Highlanders War Diary, April 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 2.
37 Alex Morrison and Ted Slaney, The Breed of Manly Men: The History of the Cape Breton Highlanders (Toronto: Canadian Institute of Strategic Studies, 1994), 312-13.
38 Cape Breton Highlanders War Diary, 2-3.
39 Ibid., 3-4.
40 “Report on Operations of the Cape Breton Highlanders, Holland, for Period 27 March 1945 to the 8th May 1945,” 145.2C5013(D2), Directorate of Heritage and History, Department of National Defence, 1.
41 Perth Regiment War Diary, April 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 2.
42 The Governor General’s Horse Guards, 1939-1945 (Toronto: Canadian Military Journal, 1945), 212.
43 3rd Armoured Reconnaissance Regiment (Governor General’s Horse Guards) War Diary, April 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 2.
44 Perth Regiment War Diary, 2.
45 Cape Breton Highlanders War Diary, 5-6.
46 “Report No. 39,” para. 20.
47 “Reports by Gen. H.D.G. Crerar, C.B., D.S.O., on Operations 1st Cdn Army to McNaughton: 7.11 Mar to 5 May 45,” vol. 10636, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 5-6.
12: ON THE BRINK
1 “Report No. 172 Historical Section Canadian Military Headquarters: Canadian Participation in Civil Affairs/Military Government, Part IV: Belgium and the Netherlands, General Historical Survey,” Department of National Defence, endnote to para. 32.
2 Kirsten den Hartog and Tracy Kasaboski, The Occupied Garden: Recovering the Story of a Family in the War-Torn Netherlands (Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 2008,) 31.
3 Personal briefing with author by Dutch historian Johan van Doorn, Sommelsdijk, Netherlands, May 1 2009.
4 David Stafford, Endgame 1945: The Missing Final Chapter of World War II (New York: Little, Brown and Company, 2007), 260.
5 Werner Marmbrunn, The Dutch Under German Occupation, 1940-1945 (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1963), 29.
6 “Report No.172,” paras. 30-31.
7 van Doorn briefing.
8 Den Hartog and Kasaboski, 99.
9 Dr. Harry Paape, “How Resistance Was Organized,” in Holland at War Against Hitler: Anglo-Dutch Relations, 1940-45, ed. Michael Richard Daniell Foot (London: Frank Cass, 1990), 85-88.
10 Stewart Bentley, “The Dutch Resistance and the OSS, of Market-Garden and Melanie,” www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/csi-studies/studies/Holland.html (accessed August 25, 2009), 4-5.
11 Den Hartog and Kasaboski, 175-76.
12 Maj. Norman Phillips and J. Nikerk, Holland and the Canadians (Amsterdam: Contact Publishing, 1946), 21.
13 “Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force: G-5 Division Historical Section-Relief for the Netherlands,” RG24, vol. 10249, Library and Archives Canada, 3.
14 “Notes on Monograph ‘Relief For the Netherlands,’ prepared by Hist Sec G-5 Division, SHAEF,” RG24, vol. 10249, Library and Archives Canada, 1-2.
15 Phillips and Nikerk, 22.
16 Den Hartog and Kasaboski, 177.
17 A.J. Veenendaal, Railways in the Netherlands, 1834-1994 (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2001), 172.
18 Henri van der Zee, The Hunger Winter: Occupied Holland, 1944-45 (London: Jill Norman & Hobhouse, 1982), 29-30.
19 Ibid., 29.
20 Ibid., 31.
21 Phillips and Nikerk, 23.
22 “Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force” 2-4.
23 van der Zee, 31.
24 “Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force,” 34.
25 Phillips and Nikerk, 23.
26 “Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force,” 12-14.
27 Ibid., 32-33.
28 C.P. Stacey, The Victory Campaign: The Operations in North-West Europe, 1944-1945, vol. 3 (Ottawa: Queen’s Printer, 1960), 583.
29 “Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force,” 12-20.
> 30 Ibid., 34.
31 van Doorn briefing.
32 Walter B. Maass, The Netherlands at War, 1940-1945 (Toronto: Abeland-Schuman, 1970), 221-22.
33 van der Zee, 231.
34 van Doorn briefing.
35 “Memorandum: Negotiations between Dutch Forces of the Interior and Seyss-Inquart in Amsterdam,” RG24, vol. 10658, Library and Archives Canada, 1.
36 van der Zee, 231-32.
37 “Memorandum: Negotiations,” 2.
38 Ibid., 2.
39 van der Zee, 233.
13: CRAZY YOUNG DEVILS
1 Chester Wilmot, The Struggle for Europe (London: Collins, 1952), 679-80.
2 7th Canadian Infantry Brigade War Diary, April 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 6.
3 “J. Walter Keith Account,” unpublished reminiscence in possession of author, 14.
4 Walter G. Pavey, An Historical Account of the 7th Canadian Reconnaissance Regiment (17th Duke of York’s Royal Canadian Hussars) (Gardenvale, QC: Harpell’s Press, 1948), 109.
5 “Keith Account,” 14-15.
6 “Report No. 32 Historical Section (G.S.) Army Headquarters: The Concluding Phase of Operations by the First CDN Army: Part I,” Department of National Defence, December 10, 1949, paras. 85-86.
7 Ibid., para. 90.
8 Highland Light Infantry of Canada War Diary, April 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 2-3.
9 Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry Highlanders War Diary, April 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 4.
10 North Nova Scotia Highlanders War Diary, April 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 6-7.
11 Will R. Bird, No Retreating Footsteps: The Story of the North Nova Scotia Highlanders (Hantsport, NS : Lancelot Press, 1983), 362-64.
12 North Nova Scotia Highlanders War Diary, 7.
13 8th Canadian Infantry Brigade War Diary, April 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 2.
14 W.T. Barnard, The Queen’s Own Rifles of Canada, 1860 -1960: One Hundred Years of Canada (Don Mills, ON : Ontario Publishing Group, 1960), 257.
15 “Operation Plunder: Prepared by Q.O.R. of C.,” 145.2Q2011(D 7), Directorate of Heritage and History, Department of National Defence, 3.
16 “Operation Plunder: Prepared by Q.O.R. of C.,” 4.
17 Queen’s Own Rifles War Diary, April 1945, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 4.