Eternity Street

by John Mack Faragher

  386 “The deceased was”: Star 1860.09.08.

  386 “more danger of disaffection”: Sumner to Lieutenant Colonel E. D. Thompson, 1861.04.30, United States War Department 1880–1901 I 50/1:474 (hereafter cited as OR).

  386 “There are people here”: Hancock to Major W. W. Mackall, 1861.05.04, OR I 50/1:477–78.

  387 “We were ready”: Cooney 1924:59–60.

  387 “There need be”: Hancock to Maj. W. W. Mackall, 1861.05.14, OR I 50/1:486.

  387 “Secessionists are”: Dimmick to General E. V. Sumner, 1861.08.08, OR I 50/1:559.

  387 “Until very lately”: Daily Evening Bulletin 1861.09.04.

  CHAPTER 24

  389 plagues of biblical proportion: Rowland 1999:153–55.

  389 “As misfortunes come”: Alta California 1863.05.29.

  390 “Gardens or orchards”: Star 1863.06.06.

  390 “Coronel pointed out”: Hayes to George A. Pendleton, 1863.01.28, Hayes 1929:284.

  390 “the only constitutional”: Barrows to Col. J. H. Carleton, 1862.04.09, OR I 50/1:993–94.

  390 “In what country”: Barrows to General George Wright, 1862.04.10, OR I 50/1:996–98.

  391 “Pistols were flourished”: Los Angeles Herald 1879.11.27.

  391 “abused and menaced”: Star 1862.09.13.

  391 “Secesh has carried”: Daily Evening Bulletin 1862.09.09.

  391 “Arrest a score”: Daily Evening Bulletin 1862.10.11.

  392 “no demonstration”: Alta California 1863.07.12.

  392 “a very feverish”: James F. Curtis to R. C. Drum, 1863.07.12, OR I 50/2:521.

  393 “should be maintained”: Hayes announcement of candidacy, 1863.10.21, Robinson 1977:44.

  393 “Hayes is no”: Griffin to Wilson, 1863.07.29, Box 9, Wilson 1836-1941.

  393 “not secretly”: Daily Evening Bulletin 1861.09.04.

  393 “it is difficult”: Hayes diary, 1862.01.10, Hayes 1929:261–62.

  394 a dramatic increase in homicides: Faragher 2014.

  394 “The people decided”: Star 1861.05.04.

  394 “I touched her”: Lenz 1954:195.

  395 “Bring him out”: Star 1861.20.19.

  395 “showered him”: “The Killing of Mrs. Leck,” Box 2, folder 7, Mesmer 1860–1914.

  396 “Verily the soul”: News 1861.10.18.

  396 “We have ever been”: Star 1861.10.19.

  396 “It is supposed”: Star 1862.03.29.

  397 “You do not”: “People vs. John Buckley,” 1863.07.25, Box 3, Part C, #701, Los Angeles Criminal Cases, 1861–79, Huntington Library (hereafter Criminal/Huntington).

  397 “I understand you are”: Graves 1927:410

  398 “Lawyers do abound”: Alta California 1863.11.23.

  398 “aid and protection”: Hayes to Col. James F. Curtis, 1863.11.20, “People vs. Pablo Valdenegro,” 1863.11.14, Box 2, #683, Criminal/Huntington.

  398 “old timers”: “Cold Blooded Slaying,” Box 2 Folder 7, Mesmer 1860–1914.

  398 “emphatically opposed”: Star 1863.11.28.

  399 “For the last year”: Alta California 1863.11.24.

  399 “It occurred to me”: Star 1863.12.19.

  399 “I have killed”: Bancroft 1887 1:509–11.

  400 indictment: “People vs. Charles Wilkins,” 1863.12.16, Box 2, #667, Criminal/Huntington.

  400 “In reply to your”: R. C. Drum to King, 1863.12.16, OR I 50/2:699.

  401 “The people were”: Barrows 1894c:42–44.

  401 “In looking back”: Los Angeles Times 1887.05.12.

  401 “It cleared the atmosphere”: Barrows 1894c:42–44.

  CHAPTER 25

  403 “Married”: Star 1858.04.24.

  404 “We miss thee”: “We Miss Thee at Home,” Star 1857.09.12.

  404 “The long, low vale”: “Retrospect (in Los Angeles),” Coolbrith 1895:24.

  405 “She might easily”: Stoddard 1889:313.

  405 Carsley: “The Ahnentafel of Anthony Michael D’Agostino,” http://toncxjo.tripod.com/ahnentafel.html.

  406 “Oh, balm, and dew”: “Fragments from an Unfinished Poem,” Wentworth 1867:343.

  406 “I want to hear”: “Josephine Donna Carsley vs. Robert Carsley,” 1861.12.10, Box 24, #853, DCC.

  408 intimate violence: 91 (40%) of 228 Los Angeles divorce cases included accusations of violence against at least one of the spouses, DCC.

  408 “wholly unfit”: “Thomas C. Swigart vs. Serena Swigart,” 1870.05.18, Box 55, #1642, DCC.

  408 “Swigart & Huber”: Los Angeles Herald 1874.07.31, 1876.05.03.

  410 “cruel and inhuman”: “Mary Ellen Culberson vs. William C. Culberson,” 1872.05.25, Box 74, #1994, DCC.

  410 “only the exercise”: “Bridget Carmona vs. Joseph G. Carmona,” 1874.04.29, Box 94, #2464, DCC.

  410 “a woman of the most”: “María Elizalde de Rubio vs. Andrés Rubio,” 1871.06.23, Box 65, #1830, DCC.

  411 “He called me”: “Augustina Varela de Emerson vs. Hiram Emerson,” 1872.07.01, Box 74, #2011, DCC.

  411 Following the wedding: San Francisco Morning Call 1873.12.07.

  411 “keep up his passions”: “William M. Stoddard vs. Mary A. [Neal] Stoddard,” 1874.03.28, Box 92, #2398, DCC.

  413 granted her petition: “San Francisco Divorces,” http://www.sfgenealogy.com/sf/sfdiv75.htm.

  413 “Yes mother”: “Rebecca M. Palmer vs. Nathan A. Palmer,” 1873.02.18, Box 81, #2156, DCC.

  415 “He told me”: “Eleanor Jane Johnson vs. William Johnson,” 1871.09.22, Box 66, #1865, DCC.

  415 justice court: Los Angeles County 1863–1874 (Still/Gray) 1869.08.30, 1870.01.10,

  416 “Stand back”: “William Johnson vs. Eleanor Jane Johnson,” 1873.11.15, Box 88. #2328, DCC.

  417 married an enterprising rancher: Vandor 1919 1:937–38.

  417 “He threatened”: “Malvina [sic] Prater vs. John B. Prater,” 1872.10.17, Box 77, #2064, DCC; “People vs. J. B. Prater,” Box 10, #1211, Criminal/Huntington; Daily Evening Bulletin 1873.02.20.

  418 “flood of tears”: Los Angeles County 1863–74 “Justice of the Peace Minute Books” (Gray) 1870.10.13 (hereafter cited as JP).

  CHAPTER 26

  419 “It is generally”: Charles Robinson Johnson to Abel Stearns, 1862.11.28, Stearns 1821–1935.

  420 “the most perfect”: Bell 1881:302.

  421 “John Rains was”: Bell 1881:237.

  421 “look of love”: Jonathan R. Scott, 1862, Black 1975:67.

  421 “a rancho girl”: Bell 1930:257.

  421 “All the young men”: Wallace diary, 1857.01.12, Wallace 1854–58.

  422 “If you don’t”: Black 1975:63–64.

  423 Doña Merced’s assets: Black 1975:281–84.

  424 “a striking-looking fellow”: Marryat 1855:46.

  424 “a dashing Hotspur”: Bell 1881:115.

  424 “high words”: Hayes to Couts, 1862.11.26, CT 1015, Couts 1831–1951.

  425 “habitually or frequently”: Hayes to Couts, 1862.12.10, CT 1020, Couts 1831–1951.

  425 “I am as innocent”: José Ramón Carrillo to Julio María Carrillo, 1864.05.30, Black 1975:100–1.

  425 “the people of the State”: Star 1863.04.18.

  425 “extra-judicial”: Hayes to Couts, 1865.07.06, CT 1036, Couts 1831–1951.

  425 “Some enemies”: Hayes to Couts, 1862.12.08, CT 1019, Couts 1831–1951.

  426 “deceived by said Rains”: Black 1975:83.

  427 “I did not abandon”: José Ramón Carrillo to Julio María Carrillo, 1864.05.30, Black 1975:100–101.

  427 “band of cutthroats”: News 1863.12.02.

  427 “all the charms”: Browne 1869:41-42.

  428 “When I learned”: José Ramón Carrillo to Julio María Carrillo, 1864.05.30, Black 1975:100–101; Alta California 1864.05.30.

  428 “by fraud”: Star 1864.03.05.

  428 “published by instigation”: Star 1864.03.12.

  429 “He seemed to be”: Bell 1930:
115.

  429 “He does not do”: José Ramón Carrillo to Julio Carrillo, 1864.05.30, Black 1975:100–101.

  429 “Well, Uncle Bill”: Bell 1930:115–16.

  429 “Don’t let him fall”: Black 1975:101.

  430 “Don’t bother”: Bell 1930:116.

  430 “You have little idea”: Hayes to John Brown, 1864.05.30, Beattie and Beattie 1939:164.

  431 “I desire”: Julio María Carrillo, Sonoma Democrat 1864.06.11, clipping Hayes 1877b 50/2:249.

  431 “We are sure”: María Merced Williams de Rains to Benjamin Hayes, 1864.05.27, Black 1975:112.

  431 “There were a good”: Bell 1930:102–4.

  432 “I really believe”: Henry Wilkes to Benjamin Hayes, 1864.06.20, Black 1975:288.

  432 “If I was justified”: Hayes to Colonel J. F. Curtis, 1864.05.27, Black 1975:285–86.

  432 “It appears”: Walker 1971:70.

  433 “Rarely has a woman”: Hayes to María Merced Williams de Rains, 1864.06.06, Beattie and Beattie 1939:161.

  434 “Merced’s only alternative”: Black 1975:118.

  434 “a woman of impulsive”: Black 1975:93.

  434 “If a receiver”: Hayes to C. B. Younger, 1865.05.23, Black 1975:138.

  434 “further violence”: Hayes to P. Monday, 1865.05.23, Black 1975:149.

  434 “Jack King is”: Hayes to Couts, 1865.07.06, CT 1036, Couts 1831–1951.

  435 “Your time has come”: Alta California 1865.07.15.

  436 “I hardly think”: Hayes to Couts, 1865.07.06, CT 1036, Couts 1831–1951.

  437 “one of the most”: Daily Evening Bulletin n.d., reprinted Sacramento Daily Union 1866.02.01.

  437 “This was a quick”: Hayes to Couts, 1865.07.06, CT 1036, Couts 1831–1951.

  CHAPTER 27

  440 “Call us traitors”: News 1865.11.24.

  440 “six million”: News 1866.12.25.

  440 an adventure worthy: Gresham 1919:78–91; Money 1921:287–97; Harrison 1953:75–85.

  441 “My reception”: Bell 1930:77-79.

  442 many street fights: JP (Shore) 1867.02.20, 1868.06.05, 1868.09.08, 1868.09.17.

  442 “I never did”: Harrison 1953:171–72.

  442 acquitted of murder: “People vs. Horace Bell,” 1867.03.26, Box 4, #793, Criminal/Huntington; Star 1868.08.08.

  442 “I want this community”: Los Angeles Herald 1874.09.11.

  443 successfully defended their claims: Clay and Troesken 2005:65–66.

  443 “A great many ranches”: New York Times 1868.04.05.

  443 “Not a day passes”: Star 1868.12.19.

  443 “Real estate”: Alta California 1868.12.03.

  444 substantial buildings with metropolitan pretensions: Daily Evening Bulletin 1867.05.05.

  445 “Notwithstanding the usual”: New York Times 1868.04.23.

  445 the pace of homicide: Faragher 2014.

  445 “Scenes occur”: News 1868.09.22.

  445 Oliveras: “People vs. Thomas Oliveras,” 1866.01.19, Box 4, #742, Criminal/Huntington.

  445 Rice: Star 1870.05.07; News 1870.05.07.

  446 Howard: Star 1869.02.20; Newmark 1916:383–84.

  446 Biggs: News 1869.05.08; Star 1869.05.08; “People vs. Victor Lamorie,” 1869.05.06, Box 5, #888, Criminal/Huntington.

  446 Newman: Star 1870.09.03; News 1870.09.10; “People vs. Daniel Newman,” 1870.09.04, Box 7, #994, Criminal/Huntington.

  446 Sepúlveda: Star 1870.11.09, 1870.11.10, 1870.11.12, 1871.01.14, 1871.01.18, 1871.01.24, 1871.03.12.

  446 “I’ll make”: “People vs. Ramón Sepúlveda,” 1870.11.05, Box 7, #1012, Criminal/Huntington.

  446 Sanford: Star 1870.09.10, 1870.11.20, 1870.11.23, 1870.12.02, 1870.12.14.

  446 “I’ll cut”: “People vs. Cyrus Sanford,” 1870.09.08, Box 7, #993, Criminal/Huntington.

  447 “A vigilance committee”: Sacramento Daily Union 1870.11.21.

  447 “A conviction”: “People vs. Cyrus Sanford,” 1870.09.08, Box 7, #993, Criminal/Huntington.

  447 “immunity from punishment”: Star 1870.12.02.

  448 “He is known”: Alta California 1870.12.16.

  448 farm and vineyard: “Lachenais, Armand Michel Josef—parcel,” n.d., SR Box 29 (22).01, Los Angeles City and County, 1845–c1910.

  448 “go to the devil”: “People vs. Michel Lachenais,” 1861.11.04, Box 3, #741, Criminal/Huntington.

  449 “he found the proper”: “People vs. Michel Lachenais,” 1861.11.04, Box 4, #741, Criminal/Huntington; “Cold Blooded Slaying,” Box 2, folder 7, Mesmer 1860–1914.

  449 “We did everything”: “People vs. Michel Lachenais,” 1866.10.29, Box 4, #775, Criminal/Huntington; Tuttle 1875:433–36.

  450 Lachenais had killed her: Star 1870.12.18.

  450 shooting at a neighbor: Star 1871.03.14.

  450 illegally diverting water: “Michel Lachenais, Malicious Mischief,” 1870.06.22, Box 6, #954, Criminal/Huntington.

  450 “has been the theater”: News 1870.12.15; Nadeau 1965:20.

  451 “vamoose”: Star 1870.12.16.

  451 “because as bad”: Bell 1930:178–79.

  451 “I never did attend”: Bell, “Saddle & Sword,” HM 39787, Bell 1829–90.

  451 “We decided that Lachenais”: Los Angeles Times 1927.05.15.

  452 “Lachenais’s record”: Newmark 1916:420.

  452 “We are no advocate”: News 1870.12.17.

  452 “It was evident”: News 1870.12.24.

  452 Henrietta Carpenter: “Jails of Pioneer Days,” Box 2, folder 7, Mesmer 1860–1914.

  452 “under the superintendence”: News 1870.12.21.

  453 “a Methodist preacher”: Los Angeles Herald 1895.03.02.

  453 “But at the last moment”: Bell 1930:180.

  453 “Hang him”: Alta California 1870.12.18.

  453 “We could look”: Clary 1966:22-23.

  453 “When he first”: News 1870.12.18.

  454 “He desired”: News 1870.12.24.

  454 “I am guiltless”: Star 1870.12.18.

  454 “There is no doubt”: Bell, “Saddle & Sword,” HM 39787, Bell 1829–90.

  454 “Every good citizen”: News 1870.12.18.

  455 “We are opposed”: Star 1870.12.18.

  455 “Board of Police Commissioners”: News 1870.12.31; Star 1871.01.07; McPherson 1873a:10, 21, 29, 34, 35, 38.

  455 “It was understood”: News 1870.12.18.

  456 “evil-doers”: Alta California 1870.12.21.

  456 “make himself scarce”: Star 1871.01.22.

  456 Home Guard Vigilance Committee: Star 1870.12.24.

  456 “We are of the opinion”: Ibid.

  456 “If an honest jury”: News 1870.12.25.

  457 “didn’t believe in mobs”: “People vs. José Ramón Sepúlveda,” 1870.11.05 [testimony dated 1871.03.04], Box 7, #1012, Criminal/Huntington.

  457 “Be they few”: Bell, “Saddle & Sword,” HM 39787, Bell 1829-1890.

  457 “that their safety “: Star 1871.11.09.

  458 “Had the laws been”: Star 1871.01.14.

  CHAPTER 28

  459 “to cooperate with officers”: Widney 1921.

  460 “I killed the son”: Star 1871.09.03.

  460 “My Very Dear Son”: Star 1871.09.05.

  460 “It is rumored”: Star 1871.09.06.

  461 “being invaded”: D. A. Dryden, c1871, Carrico 2008:137.

  461 “a large, fine”: Star c1874, Carrico 2008:120.

  462 “The danger to which”: Sacramento Daily Union 1875.11.19.

  462 died in his sleep: Carrico 2008:122; Phillips 2014:210.

  462 “These Indians have been”: Phillips 2014:208.

  462 by given name only: Louie 1998:95–104.

  464 “almond-eyed family”: Star 1861.08.17.

  464 “the Chinese worker”: Star 1870.09.28.

  464 “without one single”: News n.d., Zesch 2012:94.

  465 “pariahs”: News 1870.08.24.

  465 “maliciously
run”: JP (Still/Gray) 1869.05.18.

  465 twenty violent attacks: Zesch 2012:95–99.

  465 “maliciously cutting”: JP (Gray) 1870.10.01.

  465 “beating and kicking”: JP (Gray)1871.12.05.

  465 “called him hard names”: JP (Gray)1871.05.27.

  466 “ingenious resort”: JP (Still/Gray) 1869.07.21.

  466 “You fuck me”: Armond 2000:70; Zesch 2012:66–67.

  466 annual profit: Hirata 1979:16–18.

  467 “begged to be allowed”: Star 1871.07.19.

  468 “Warren, what are”: “People vs. Joseph F. Dye,” 1871.01.12, Box 7, #1006, Criminal/Huntington; Star 1870.11.01, 1870.11.02.

  468 “The law does not”: JP (Gray) 1872.10.09.

  469 “maintaining and residing”: JP (Shore) 1866.09.08.

  469 “Sunday evening”: Star 1871.01.29.

  469 “a huge man”: Graves 1927:275.

  469 “a fine fellow”: Bell 1930:170.

  469 “the best and most”: Star 1871.10.30.

  470 “sold forty or fifty”: “Wing Chung Co. vs. Mayor and Common Council of the City of Los Angeles,” 1872.02.20, Box 70, #1941, DCC.

  470 “They fired at me”: Star 1871.10.30.

  470 “with the crime of assault”: JP (Gray) 1871.10.23.

  470 “They are bound”: Star 1871.10.30.

  470 “was eating his”: Star 1871.10.31.

  470 “a big China fight”: “Wing Chung Co. vs. Mayor and Common Council of the City of Los Angeles,” 1872.02.20, Box 70, #1941, DCC.

  471 “I thought I was”: News 1872.04.02.

  471 “come running out”: Star 1871.10.26.

  472 “He leveled his pistol”: “Wing Chung Co. vs. Mayor and Common Council of the City of Los Angeles,” 1872.02.20, Box 70, #1941, DCC.

  472 “I’m killed”: News 1872.03.31.

  472 “the Chinese were killing”: Star 1871.10.27.

  472 “The Chinese discharged”: New York Times 1871.11.10.

  473 “I called to citizens”: Star 1871.10.26.

  473 “If any Chinamen come out”: Star 1871.10.27.

  473 “Hail any Chinaman”: News 1871.10.27.

  473 “Prevent anyone from going”: News 1871.10.29.

  474 “Here’s one”: News 1871.10.28.

  474 “I said it was”: News 1871.11.04.

  474 “To the hill”: Dorney 1886:232.

  474 “Hoist him up”: Star 1871.10.27.

  474 “That fellow”: News 1871.11.04.

  475 “carajo la Chino”: Dorney 1886:232.

  475 “No attention was paid”: News 1871.10.28.