The Life of Samuel Johnson
Page 163
Brown, Revd Robert (d. 1777), minister of the Scottish Church at Utrecht: 265, 679
Browne, Isaac Hawkins, the elder (1705–60), poet: 443
Browne, Isaac Hawkins, the younger (1745–1818), politician and industrialist; supporter of Pitt; sheriff for Shropshire (1783); colliery owner and ironmaster: 914
Browne, Patrick ($$), physician and botanist; author of The Civil and Natural History of Jamaica (1756), in which he coined Latin names for over a hundred genera, some ofwhich are now still accepted: 13, 166
Browne, Revd Simon (1680–1732), Nonconformist divine: 617 n.a
Browne, Sir Thomas (1605–82), physician and author; prose diction and syntax greatly influenced S.J.; great neologist:first recorded userof overahundred word forms in the OED; most famed for Religio Medici (first version 1635–6): 13, 123 and n. a, 166, 176, 682
Browne, Tom (1657–?1717), shoemaker and teacher: 29
Bruce, James, of Kinnard (1730–94), traveller in Africa; only the second European to visit Abyssinia since the 1630s; Abyssinian explorations looked on critically by S.J.: 441
Bruce, Robert (1274–1329), king of Scotland: 467
Brumoy, Pierre (1688–1742), French Jesuit: 14, 185
Brunet (fl. 1775), a Frenchman whom S.J. met inParis: 472
Bryant, Jacob (1715–1804), antiquary and classical scholar; author of A New System, or, An Analysis of Ancient Mythology (1774–6), assessing the whole of ancient history from the deluge of Noah to the dispersion of peoples occasioned by the wanderings of his sons; plates of which work possibly created by Blake: 914
Brydone, Patrick (1736–1818), traveller andauthor;Fellow of Royal Society(1772/3); expert on electricity; author of A Tour through Sicily and Malta (1773), praised by S.J.: 447, 514, 716
Buchan, David Steuart Erskine, 11th Earl of (1742–1829), brother of Thomas, Lord Erskine: 352, 354
Buchanan, George (1506–82), poet, historian and administrator; keeper of the Privy Seal (1570–78); director of the Chancery (1570); tutor to the young King James; author of De jure regni (1579) andRerum Scoticarum historia(1582), as well as sometime playwright: 242, 309, 866
Buckingham, George Villiers, 2nd Duke of (1628–87), royalist politician and wit; only former Privy Councillor still alive Nottoberesworn at Restoration; readmitted to Privy Council (1662); Lord Lieutenant of West Riding (1667); added to Committee for Foreign Affairs (1668); managed important inter-house conferences in wake of the Popish Plot (1678); fellow of Royal Society (1661–85); friend of Rochester, Etherege, Waller and Wycherley; temperamentally friends with Charles II; famous as playwright of The Rehearsal (1671), a satire with Dryden as its principal target: 350, 940
Buckingham, Katherine, Duchess of (d. 1743), wife of John (Sheffield), 6th Duke: 653
Budgell, Eustace (1686–1737), writer; under-secretary to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland;MP for Mullingar inthe Irish Parliament (1715–27); opposed Walpole; occasional and anonymous contributor to The Spectator; soft Whig target for Scriblerian satirists; mocked by Pope in The Dunciad and Epistle to Dr Arbuthnot for dependence on Addison; committed suicide after series of legal scrapes: 382, 542
Budworth, Captain Joseph (d. 1815): 993 n. a
Budworth, Revd William (d. 1745), schoolmaster; vicar of Brewood; master of Rugeley Grammar School, Staffordshire;non-Jaco bite High Church man:50n.a, 993 n. a
Buffier, Claude (1661–1737), French author: 248
Buffon, George Louis Leclerc, comte de (1707–88), naturalist: 564 n. a
Bulkeley, or Bulkley, Mrs (Mrs Barresford) (fl. 1764–89), actress: 376
Bunbury, Henry William (1750–1811), artist and caricaturist; heralded by Horace Walpole as ‘the second Hogarth’; friends with Garrick, Sir Joshua Reynolds and S.J.; groom of the bedchamber to the Duke of York (1787); famous for innovative story-telling designs, e.g. A Long Minuet as Danced at Bath (1787): 219 n. c
Bunbury, Sir Thomas Charles (1740–1821), horse-racing administrator and Whig politician, later supporter of Charles James Fox; MP for Suffolk (1761–1812); briefly Secretary to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland; co-founder of the Oaks (1779) and the Derby; steward of the Jockey Club: 252, 408, 433, 999
Bunyan, John (1628–88), author of Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners (1666) and The Pilgrim’s Progress (1678), the seventeenth century’s most popular work of prose fiction; Calvinist pioneer of the spiritual autobiography: 94, 386
Burbridge, Mr (fl. 1697): 98
Burch, Edward (fl. 1771–1814), RA, sculptor: 1000 n. c
Burgoyne, John (1722–92), army officer, politician and playwright; captured Valencia de Alcantara across the border in Spain in the campaign in Portugal (1762); MP for Midhurst, Sussex (1761); MP for Preston (1768); supported North’s repression of the American colonies; head of the Canadian army overwhelmed at Bemis Heights; defeated at Saratoga; author of the play The Maid of Oaks (1774): 716
Burke, Edmund (1729–97); statesman, orator and aesthetician; intellectual leader of the Rockinghamite Whigs, and powerful denouncer of British policy towards the American colonies; one of the managers in the impeachment of Warren Hastings; member of the Club, and regarded by S.J. as a formidable conversational adversary: 52, 167, 184, 219 n. d, 238, 244, 248, 251, 252, 269, 306, 309, 329, 333, 356, 378, 379, 387, 397, 400;,420;,448, 455, 504, 542, 551, 561, 562, 564 and n. a, 565, 596, 613, 624, 627and n.a, 648–52, 656, 657, 664, 688, 691 and n. a, 697–98, 727, 733, 744, 757, 769, 772, 773, 774, 777, 778, 796, 804, 807, 808, 810, 818, 820, 857, 860, 879, 885, 892, 916,918, 931,942, 953,972 n. a, 992, 999
Burke, Richard (1758–94), son of the statesman: 252, 883–4, 948,968
Burlamaqui, Jean Jacques (1694–1748), jurist and theoretician of natural law: 495
Burlington, Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of (1695–1753), Pope’s friend; architect, collector, and patron of the arts: 711
Burnet, Gilbert (1643–1715), bishop of Salisbury and historian; fellow of the Royal Society (1664); minister of parish of Saltoun (1665); author of A Memorial of Divers Grievances and Abuses in this Church (1665), History of the Reformation (1679 onwards), An Exposition of the Thirty-nine Articles of the Church of England (1699) and The History of his Own Time (1715), memoirs particularly disliked by Swift; friends with William and Mary of Orange while in exile; chaplain to the Prince of Orange (1688); bishop of Salisbury (1689–1702); attacked by anti-trinitarians: 373, 627,936
Burnett, James, see Monboddo, Lord
Burney, Dr Charles (1726–1814), musician and author; member of S.J.’s Literary Club; scored songs for A Midsummer Night’s Dream (1763); author of A General History of Music (4 vols., 1776–89), for which S.J., a close friend, provided the preface; planned to write biography of S.J., until he learned of rival projects; contributor to the Monthly Review: 9, 28 n. b, 44 n. a, 124, 156, 174, 176, 211, 252, 261, 289, 480–81, 662, 721–2, 816–18, 838–9, 964, 974, 985, 989 n. a
Burney Jr, Dr Charles, (1757–1817), schoolmaster and book collector; son of Charles senior; headmaster of private school in Chiswick; fellow of Royal Society (1802); rector of Cliffe-at-Hoo, Kent (1812); chaplain to the King (1810); professor of ancient literature at the Royal Academy (181 o); editor of the London Magazine; author of Philemnos lexicon technologikon (1812) and Remarks on the Greek Verses of Milton (1790); amassed library of over 13, 000 printed books: 979, 1000 n. c
Burney, Frances (Madame D’Arblay) (1752–1840), writer; daughter of Charles; earned fame through the novels Evelina (1778), Cecilia (1782) and Camilla (1796); second keeper of the robes to Queen Charlotte; occasional playwright; posthumous publication of her journal in instalments secured her standing: 752, 885, 915, 964 and n. a, 982
Burney, Mrs (Esther Sleepe) (1723?-62), first wife of Dr Charles Burney: 176
Burney, Mrs (Mrs Elizabeth Allen, nee Allen) (c.1728–96), second wife of Dr Burney: 258 n. a, 878, 963
Burney, Richard Thomas (1768–1808), youngest son of Dr Burney: 722
Burrowes, Revd Robert (/Z.1787): 980 and n. a
Burt, Miss: 507
Burton, Dr John (1696–1771), theologian and classical scholar: 617 n. a
Burton, Robert (1577–1640), writer; author of the Anatomy of Melancholy (1621); book collector; had largely fallen out of favour in the eighteenth century until S.J.’s interest: 39, 323, 500, 747
Bute, James Stuart, 3rd Earl of (1713–92), prime minister; formed alliance with Pitt in opposition to the Fox-Newcastle connection; sworn to Privy Council (1760); awarded Order of the Garter (1762); first lord of the Treasury (1762); negotiated peace with France at Fontainebleau (1762); resigned from office after heavy opposition to peace (1763); established chair of rhetoric and belles-lettres at Edinburgh University; patron to S.J., Smollett, Thomas Sheridan, the painter Allan Ramsay and architect Robert Adam; movement towards alliance rather than intervention made him a political scapegoat: 189–200, 202, 205, 274, 450, 451 andn. a, 452, 516, 561, 748, 828, 834, 836, 857
Bute, John Stuart, 4th Earl and 1st Marquis of, see Mountstuart, John Stuart, Viscount
Butler, Charles (1750–1832), Catholic author: 627
Butler, Dr Joseph (1692–1752), moral philosopher and theologian; bishop of Durham; author of The Analogy of Religion (1736): 617 n. a
Butler, Samuel (1613–80), poet ofHudibras (1663-4, parts 1 and 2; 1678, part 3); attacked the Royal Society in ‘The Elephant in the Moon’; name became a byword for neglected genius: 387, 459, 538, 819, 927
Butter, Dr William (1726–1805), physician; known through the treatises On the Kink-Cough (1773) and On Puerperal Fevers (1775); studied medicine at Edinburgh University: 518, 606, 610, 824, 988, 989 n. a
Butter, Mrs, wife of the preceding: 611
Byng, Admiral John (1704–57), RN, court-martialled naval officer; captain of the Gibraltar (1727); promoted to rear admiral (1745); promoted to admiral of the red (1756); court-martialled and executed by firing squad for part in the disastrous lossofMinorca (1757)despite popular Protest from such figures as Voltaire and Horace Walpole: 14, 167, 169, 327
Byng, Hon. John (d. 1811): 999
Cadell, Thomas (1742–1802), bookseller and publisher: 192–3, 491, 580, 704
Cadogan, William Cadogan, 1st Earl, 1675–1726, General: 8
Caesar, Gaius Julius, see Julius Caesar, Gaius
Caldwell, Sir James (c.1732–84), and Sir John (1750–1830), of Castle Caldwell, Fermanagh: 282 n. a
Caligula, Gaius Caesar (AD 12–41), emperor of Rome: 676
Callender, James Thomson (d. 1803), miscellaneous writer: 847
Callimachus (b. c. 310 BC), poet, bibliographer and librarian; adversary of Apollonius Rhodius: 764
Cambridge, Richard Owen (1717–1802), poet and essayist; author ofThe Scribler-iad(1751); Contributed to Edward More’sThe Worldperiodical(1753–6); commissioned a satirical engraving of J.B. and S.J. published in his Works (1803): 455, 659–60, 871
Camden, Charles Pratt, 1st Earl (1714–94), lawyer and politician; appointed a king’s counsel (1755); led famous prosecution of Lord Ferrers (1760); Lord Chancellor (1766); Reputation as a champion of liberty; opposed the Fox–North ministry; close alliance with Pitt the elder: 431, 382, 691
Camden, William (1551–1623), antiquary: 688, 880
Cameron, the clan: 85
Cameron, Dr Archibald (1707–53), physician and Jacobite conspirator; took active part in concealing Prince Charles (1746); became involved in scheme for restoration of the Stuarts (1752); hanged, drawn and quartered after brief imprisonment in Edinburgh Castle (June 1753): 85–6, 85 n. a
Cameron, Donald, of Lochiel (1695?–1748), Jacobite: 85
Campbell, Archibald (1726?–80), son of Dr Archibald Campbell, satirist; purser in the navy (1761);authorofThe Sale of AuthorsandLexiphanes(1767), alengthy satirical attack on S.J. for pedantic language and dictionary-making: 286
Campbell, Colonel James Mure, afterwards 5th Earl of Loudoun (1726–86): 585
Campbell, Dr Archibald (1691–1756), professor of church history at St Andrews: 192
Campbell, DrJohn (1708–75), historian; significant contributorto the first edition of theBiographica Britannica; author ofThe Present State of Europe(1750) and Political Survey of Britain (2 vols., 1774); greatly admired by S.J.: 221 and n. a, 222, 289, 375, 430, 503, 655 and n. a
Campbell, Dr Thomas (1733–95), ‘Irish Dr Campbell’, miscellaneous writer, Church of Ireland clergyman and traveller; chancellor of St Macartin’s, Clogher (1773); best known through portrait by J.B. in 1775 diary; author of A Index of Persons Philosophical Survey of the South of Ireland(1778): 171, 443–4, 445,448, 449, 580, 940
Campbell, Hon. and Rev. Archibald (1688–1744), Nonjuring and non-resident bishop of Aberdeen: 375, 922
Campbell, James, of Treesban (d. 1776), J.B.’s brother-in-law: 583, 941
Campbell, John Campbell, 1st Baron (1779–1861), Lord Chancellor and legal historian: 85, 382
Campbell, Miss Jeanie, James Campbell’s daughter: 941
Campbell, Mr, of Auchnaba (fl. 1777): 590, 594
Campbell, Mungo (d. 1769): 625
Campbell, Revd John (1758–1828), minister of Kippen, Stirling: 278 n. a
Campbell, Sir Archibald, of Inverneil (1739–91), army officer and colonial governor; MP for Stirling burghs (1774–80; 1789–91); J.B. acted as his legal adviser; charged to reclaim Georgia (1778); Lieutenant Governor of Jamaica with rank of brigadier-general (1780); appointed general of the line (1783); appointed KB (1785); governor of Madras (1788): 548
Canterbury, Archbishops of, see Cornwallis, Dr Frederick; Laud, Dr William; Secker, Dr Thomas
Canus, Melchior (1509–60), Spanish theologian: 471 and n. a
Capell, Edward (1713–81), literary scholar; deputy inspector of plays after 1737 Licensing Act; very close friend of Garrick; produced edition of Shakespeare at the same time as S.J.’s (10 small octavo vols., 1767–8); donated collection of 245 volumes to Trinity College, Cambridge; author of Notes and Various Readings to Shakespeare (first vol., 1774; completed posthumously and published 1783): 765
Cap(p)acio, G.C. (c.1560– c.1633), Italian author: 447
Caraccioli, Louis Antoine de (1721–1803), French author, topographer; author of Antiquities of Arundel (1766) and Considerations sur l’origine… et les conquests de l’empire Russie (1771): 678
Cardross, Lord, see Buchan, David Steuart Erskine, 11th Earl of
Careless (orCarless), Mrs Ann (1711–88): 510–11, 846–7, 974
Carleton, Captain George (fl. 1672–1713), soldier: 947
Carlisle, bishop of, see Law, Dr Edmund
Carlisle, Frederick Howard, 5th Earl of (1748–1825), politician and diplomatist; largely earned reputation as a rake and through gambling losses; Lord Lieutenant of the East Riding of Yorkshire (1780); sworn on the Privy Council (1777); Lord Lieutenant for Ireland (1780); ally of Fox; author of The Father’s Revenge (1783?), a five-act tragedy praised by S.J.; guardian of the eleven-year-old Lord Byron, later criticized by him in English Bards and Scotch Reviewers for not smoothing his passage into the House of Lords: 825–6, 898–9
Carmarthen, Lord, see Leeds, Francis Godolphin Osborne, 5th Duke of
Carmichael, Miss: 374, 644, 722 and n. b
Caroline, Queen (1683–1737), consort of George II: 100
Carte, Thomas (1686–1754), historian; possible agent for Francis Atterbury, bishop of Rochester; anti-Hanoverian, Jacobite; author of History of England (4 vols., 1747–55) and Life of James, Duke of Ormand (2 vols., 1736): 28, 446, 617n. a, 936
Carter, Elizabeth (1717–1806), poet, translator and writer; friend of S.J., celebrated by her in Greek and Latin epigrams; helped sustain The Rambler; translated Epictetus, the Greek Stoic philosopher (1749–56, pub. 1758), the first translation of his complete works in English; friend of Elizabeth Montagu and other ‘bluestockings’: 72 and n. b, 81, 82,113, 133,613, 816–18, 915
Carter, Mr (fl. 1775–6): 491
Cartwright, T
homas (1535–1603), Puritan divine and religious controversialist; arguably the true progenitor of English presbyterianism: 617 n. a
Castell, Revd Edmund (1606–85), Semitic scholar: 617 n. a
Catcott, George Symes (1729-c.1802), Bristol pewterer: 544
Cathcart, Alan Cathcart, 6th Baron (1628–1709): 483
Cathcart, Charles Shaw Cathcart, 9th Baron (1721–76), army officer and diplomat; representative peer of Scotland (1752–76); high commissioner of the general assembly of the Church of Scotland (1755–63, 1773–6); Lieutenant General (1760); knight of the Thistle (1763); Scotland’s first lord commissioner of the police (1764-8): 711
CatherineII, empress of Russia (1729–96): 594 n. a, 723, 916
Catiline, Lucius Sergius Catilina (d. 62 bc); Roman politician and conspirator, whose attempted coup d’etat ended in defeat and death at Pistoria: 23
Cato the Censor, Marcus Porcius Cato (234–149 bc), politician and moral reformer, inveterate enemy of Carthage: 782 n. a, 808
Cator, John (1730–1806), timber merchant and friend of Mr Thrale: 810, 937
Catullus, Gaius Valerius (c.84-c.54bc), Latin lyricist and poetic innovator, who exerted great influence over his Roman successors, and also over early modern English lyric poetry: 864
Caufield, Miss (fl. 1777): 573
Cave, Edward (1691–1754), printer and magazine proprietor; life chronicled in biography by S.J.; inspector of franks at the Post Office (1723–45); founded the Gentleman’s Magazine that gave S.J. his break (1731); published Benjamin Franklin’s Experiments and Observations on Electricity (1753); S.J. was at his deathbed: 12, 53 andn. d, 60, 66–8, 72–3, 78–81, 78 n. a, 80 n. b, 87~8, 94n.b, 101, 104,118, 133, 388 n. a, 697, 940, 994
Cave, Miss, Edward Cave’s grandniece: 53 n. d
Cavendish, Sir Henry (1732–1804), parliamentary reporter: 379
Cawston, Windham’s servant: ^^
Caxton, William (i422?~9i), printer, merchant and diplomat; first Englishman to print books, bringing the printing press to England in 1475 or 1476; governor of the English nation in Bruges (1465); author of History of Troy, the first printed book in English: 661