by Dan Jones
Charles of Anjou 328
Charles II of Anjou 349
Charles of Valois 338, 371
Château Pèlerin 234–5, 236, 241, 252, 262–3, 305, 306, 314, 325, 339, 354, 377
Chinon castle 376–8, 393
Cistercian monks 42–3, 45, 50, 56, 67, 69, 108, 226, 408
Clairvaux Abbey 45
Clement IV, Pope 313–14, 336
Clement V, Pope 7, 398–9
and the Avignon papacy 375, 376
coronation 335–9
death 398
and the dissolution of the Order of the Temple 392–5
and James of Molay 345
persecution of the Templars 356, 368–70, 371–2, 374–5, 376, 384, 386, 387–8, 395
proposed reform of the Templars 338–9, 340–5, 351
commanderies see preceptories
Conrad Hohenstaufen 258, 270, 294
Conrad III, king of the Germans 83, 85–7, 97–8, 99, 101, 103, 105
Conrad of Montferrat 199, 215, 218
Conradin Hohenstaufen 294, 304
conspiracy theorists 411–13
Constantinople 20, 25, 85, 86, 88, 232
Cressac, Charente 409
Cressing Temple, Essex 72, 220
Cresson see Springs of Cresson
crusader states 5, 6, 7, 22, 26, 28, 29, 32, 34, 47, 80, 110, 124, 129, 134, 135, 141, 143, 152, 167, 169, 182, 189, 197, 199
see also Antioch, principality of; Edessa, county of; Jerusalem, kingdom of; Tripoli, county of
Crusades see First Crusade; Fifth
Crusade; Fourth Crusade;
Second Crusade; Sixth Crusade;
Third Crusade
Cyprus 204, 217–18, 268, 269, 316, 323, 325, 328, 333–4
James of Molay in 334, 339–40, 344–5
Louis IX in 282
persecution of Templars in 372–4, 375, 391–2
Templar archive in 399–400
Da Vinci Code, The (Brown) 412
Damascus 63, 99–100, 101, 135–6, 147
campaign 47, 48
Great Umayyad Mosque 99
siege of 5, 102–5, 111
Damietta 6, 342
and the Fifth Crusade 236, 238–9, 241–56, 263
and Louis IX’s crusade 282, 283–4, 290, 291, 292–3
peace terms 249–50, 255–6
Daniel the Abbot 26
Dante Alighieri
Divine Comedy 398–9
De Casibus Vivorum Illustrium (Boccaccio) 410–11
Dominicans 361–2, 364
Dubois, Peter 343
Eco, Umberto 412
Edessa 21, 64, 89, 93, 95, 100–1, 129, 135, 105,
fall of 79, 80–1, 82, 83, 129
and the Second Crusade 85, 89, 93, 95
Edessa, county of 22, 29, 64, 80, 85, 135,
Edward I, king of England 317, 318–19, 326, 331, 347, 349, 367
Edward II, king of England 367, 369, 386–8, 389
Egypt
Nasr-al Din’s flight from Cairo 120–4
and Nur al-Din 133, 134–6, 137–8, 145
Saladin’s rise to power 146–9
see also Baybars; Damietta; Fatimid Caliphate
Eleanor of Aquitaine 82, 109, 345
Elinandus of Tiberias 106
England 14, 20, 48, 63, 69, 70, 72, 122, 130, 136, 191, 251, 272, 273, 331, 335, 347, 350, 413,
the Anarchy 70–2, 136–7, 220–1
and the Inquisition 388
establishment of the ‘Old’ Temple in London 72
expulsion of Jews from 349
Templars in England 72, 219–26, 254, 256, 270
persecution of English Templars 370, 375, 386–9
possessions of the Order of the Temple in England 219–20
Erasmus 404–5
Ernoul 39–40
Eschenbach, Wolfram von
Parzival 406–7, 409
Escobar, Pablo 414
Esquin of Floyran 352, 354
Eugene III, Pope 67, 82–3, 106
Quantum Praedecessores 83, 84–5, 100
Everard of Barres 88, 90, 96–7, 108–9, 109–10, 113, 207
Everard of Breteuil 82
Ezekiel, Old Testament prophet 15
Fakr al-Din 283–4, 285–6, 289
Fatimid Caliphate 21, 25, 29, 101, 111, 120–4, 134, 142–3, 144–5, 147
Fifth Crusade 233, 234–56, 263, 282, 284, 285
First Crusade 4, 20–2, 26, 33, 34, 39, 48, 70, 80, 84, 317
Fitz Stephen, Geoffrey 219–20, 221–2, 223, 225, 389
Foucault’s Pendulum (Eco) 412
Fourth Crusade 231–2
Fraga 60–2
France 7, 8, 20, 49, 51, 63, 65, 70, 97, 105, 108, 137, 145, 172, 205, 215, 227, 228, 229, 235, 237, 239, 250, 252, 271, 280, 281, 295, 301, 302, 304, 312, 326, 331, 338, 345, 347, 348, 353, 356, 360, 361, 363, 364, 366, 368, 370, 373, 375, 378, 380, 382, 383, 386, 387, 388, 389, 403, 411, 412, 413
France, Templars in 227–8, 281
accusations of misconduct 353–7, 358–60
arrests, interrogations and prosecutions 356–7, 360–6, 376–86
Council of Vienne 375, 380, 384, 386, 392–4
execution by burning 385–6
papal intervention in investigations 356, 368–70, 371–2, 374–5, 376
prosecution of 376–86
torture of 329, 360–2, 365–6, 368
see also Philip IV, king of France
Francis of Assisi 247–9
Franciscans 248, 361–2
Frederick of Bogen 98
Frederick I Barbarossa 198, 259
Frederick II Hohenstaufen 6, 240, 247, 256, 257–69, 270–1, 288, 295, 328, 381
death 293–4
excommunication 261, 266, 268, 294
and Jerusalem 257–8, 266, 268, 270, 279, 294
Sixth Crusade and peace treaties 260, 261–9, 276
Frédol, Bérengar 377
Freemasonry 413
Fulcher of Chartres 26, 29, 31
Fulk, count of Anjou and king of Jerusalem 4–5, 46, 47, 64, 70, 99, 173, 203
Fulk of Villaret 339, 342–3
Garin of Montaigu 235, 236, 250
Garnier of Nablus 207, 209
Gascony 225, 335, 336, 347, 349
Gaveston, Piers 387–8
Gaza 107, 138, 143, 154, 156, 157, 278
Templar fortress 110, 111–12, 118, 119, 122, 196
Genghis Khan 7, 300–1
Genoa 227, 239, 272, 304, 328, 332, 367, 401
Geoffrey of Charney 363, 365, 376, 377
sentencing and execution 396–8
Geoffrey Fulcher 141–2, 142–3, 144, 145
Geoffrey of Gonneville 376, 377–8, 397, 398
Geoffrey of Lusignan 202
Geoffrey of Monmouth 407
Geoffrey Morin 200, 202
Gerald of Newcastle 277–8
Gerald of Soturririo 251
Gerard of Ridefort 5, 171–3, 174–5, 176–8, 184, 196–7, 198, 205, 217, 411
and the battle of the Springs of Cresson 178, 179, 180–1
capture and imprisonment 188, 190, 196
and the siege of Acre 200, 201–2
Gerard of Sidon 114, 115
Germany 26, 224, 250, 267
Templars in 390–1, 407
Gerold of Lausanne, patriarch of Jerusalem 262, 263, 265
Ghazan 333
Gilbert of Lacey 136–7
Gilbert of Ogerstan 223
Gilbert the Templar 91, 92
Gilles of Aycelin, archbishop of Narbonne 385
Gilles, Brother 281
Gins of Belin 316
Girbert Eral 168, 205–6, 232–3, 235
Godechaux of Turout 151
Godfrey Martel 136
Golden Horde 300–1
Granada 400–1
Gregory IX, Pope 261, 262, 274
Gregory X, Pope 318
Guichard, bishop of Troyes 347
Guy of Ibelin 339
Guy of Lusignan, king of Jerusalem 169–70, 171, 173–5, 191, 215
army 181–8
capture by Saladin 188–9
and Cyprus 218
and the siege of Acre 198, 199
Haifa 128, 209, 210, 234, 305, 309
Haimard, Brother 227, 241, 251–2
Hama 147
Hattin, battle of 5, 185–8, 189, 190–1, 196, 198, 202, 204, 221, 223, 244, 270, 382, 408
Hebron 24, 64
Henry I, king of England 47–8, 70, 136
Henry II, king of Cyprus 332, 391
Henry II, king of England 137, 168, 171, 181, 204, 220, 221, 223–4, 225
Henry III, king of England 264, 269, 273, 281, 301
Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor 216, 259
Heraclius, patriarch of Jerusalem 171, 174, 222–3
heretics 261, 304, 361–2, 370, 372, 384, 385, 397, 412
Hermann of Salza, master of the Teutonic Order 260, 266
Herod the Great 15, 38, 98
Hethum, king of Cilicia 303, 305–6
Holy Blood and the Holy Grail, The 412
Holy Grail 406, 407, 412
Holy Sepulchre, Church of the see under Jerusalem
Homs 147
Honorius II, Pope 50
Honorius III, Pope 240, 241, 246, 251, 252, 256, 260, 260–1
Hospitallers 4, 7, 37, 40, 66, 74, 105, 112, 126, 132, 152–3, 162, 251, 389, 402–4, 409
and the abolition of the Templars 394
and Baybars 304, 309
in England 222
and Frederick II Hohenstaufen 260, 270
proposed merger with the Templars 327–8, 339, 343–4
Hospital of St John, see Hospitallers
Hugh of Argentein 70
Hugh of Caesarea 142–3
Hugh, count of Champagne 49–50
Hugh of Galilee 162
Hugh of Ibelin 135
Hugh III, king of Cyprus 305, 323, 328
Hugh ‘le Brun’ of Lusignan 136
Hugh of Pairaud 360, 363–5, 366, 376, 378, 393, 397, 398
Hugh of Payns 4, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 56, 58, 63, 192, 220, 225, 233, 248, 413
and the Council of Troyes 50, 55
death 64–5
European tour 42, 45, 46–9, 72
Hugh of Rigaud 70
Hugh of Saint-George 251
Hugh the Sinner 55
Hugo, archbishop of Edessa 81
Hülagü 302–3
Humphrey of Toron 176, 188
Hus, Jan 402
Ibelin castle 112
Ibn al-Adim 31
Ibn al-Athir 39, 77, 100, 161, 162, 163–4, 179, 183, 186, 187, 202, 254, 265, 400
Ibn al-Furat 306
Ibn al-Khayyat 26
Ibn Al-Qalanisi 48, 90, 102, 103, 104, 115, 117
Ibn al-Zaki 192
Ibn Jubayr 195–6
ibn Munqidh, Usama 98, 117, 121–2, 408
ibn Nafadha, al-Nashw 166
Ibn Rawaha 201
ibn Ruzzik, Talai 121, 122, 123
Ibn Shaddad 148, 186, 188, 203, 204, 208, 213, 231
Ibn Wasil 193, 276–9
ibn-Ghaniya, Yahya (Abengenia) 61
Il-ghazi 30–1, 32
Ilkhanate 301, 302
Imad al-Din 148, 182, 192, 316, 408
Imbert Blanke 389
Inab, battle of 109
Innocent II, Pope 45
Omne Datum Optimum 65–6
Innocent III, Pope 231, 232–3, 236, 237, 240, 248, 251, 273, 361
Innocent IV, Pope 361
Inquisition 261, 361–2, 379, 388
Ireland 370, 389
Isaac Comnenus 204, 217
Isabella II, queen of Jerusalem 235, 258, 260
Isabella of France 387
Issa el-Hakkari 209
Ivanhoe (Scott) 411
Jabala 315
Jacob’s Ford 158–62, 163–6, 167
Jaffa 13–14, 15, 21–2, 23, 24, 26, 209, 213, 304, 314
Sixth Crusade 263, 264
Jamal ad-Din 290–1
James I, king of Aragon 229–30, 317
James II, king of Aragon 331–2, 352, 353, 367, 369, 389
James of Avesnes 199, 212–13
James of Maillé 180, 409
James of Molay 8, 325–7, 328–9, 330–2, 334, 351, 352–5
and accusations of Templar misconduct 352–5
arrest and interrogations 362–3, 365, 367, 368, 380–2
and Clement V’s proposed reform of the Templars 340–5, 352
confession 370, 376, 378, 393
execution 397–8
sentencing 395–7
and Templar mythology 409, 410–11
James of Vitry 245, 249, 250
Jeanne of Navarre 347
Jerusalem
al-Aqsa mosque 4, 15–18, 39, 40, 97–8, 192, 265, 276
Church of the Holy Sepulchre 18–19, 23, 29–30, 36–7, 40, 57, 110, 173, 214, 215, 222, 264–5, 266
Conrad III’s visit to 97–9
and Damietta 240–1
Dome of the Rock 15, 38–9, 265
First Crusade 20, 21
and Frederick II Hohenstaufen 257–8, 266, 268, 270, 294
Ibn Wasil’s account of (1244) 276
Monastery of the Holy Cross 23
Mount of Olives 18, 23, 57
origins of the Templars in 4, 28, 36–41
pilgrimages to 13–20, 22–6, 27
Saladin’s conquest of 191–2, 265
Sixth Crusade agreement 263–7
storming of by Khwarizmian Turks 277–9
Temple Mount 1, 4, 15, 18, 38–40, 97–8, 125–6, 213, 265
Third Crusade 168, 213–15
see also Hospitallers
Jerusalem, kingdom of 5, 18, 22, 26, 109, 110, 128, 249–50, 259–60, 304
Jesus Christ 15, 18–19, 33, 55, 128, 306
Jews
as bankers 349
in Jerusalem 38
persecution of 261, 348–50
jihad 26–7, 163, 192
Saladin’s commitment to 148, 169, 176
Joanna, sister of Richard the Lionheart 214
Jocelyn II, Count 101
John, duke of Brittany 338
John, king of England 215, 224–5, 231, 240, 245, 273
John of Brienne, king of Jerusalem 235, 240, 241, 242, 253–4, 255, 256, 258, 284
John of Ibelin, lord of Beirut 259
John of Joinville 283, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290, 292–3, 295
John of Norris 392
John of Novill 251
John of Salisbury 106, 226
John of Tour 350, 353
John of Villiers 321, 327
John XXII, Pope 401
Joscelin II, Count 80
Josias, archbishop of Tyre 177
Khalil al-Hakkari 200–1
Khwarizmian Turks 270, 277–9, 282
Kingdom of Heaven (film) 411
Knights of Malta 403, 413
König, Ludolk 402
La Boquée 136, 137–8
La Fève (castle) 128–9, 170, 177
La Forbie, battle of 278–9, 282, 283, 294
Las Navas de Tolosa, battle of 236–7
Latin states see crusader states
Laurence of Premierfait 410
Le Chastellet (Templar castle) 129
Leon Cazalier (Brother Leo) 308, 309
Leopold V of Austria 216
Leopold VI of Austria 240
leprosy 6, 153
Lisbon 130–1
London 72, 219, 221, 222, 223
Louis of Clermont 401
Louis VII, king of France 5, 82–3, 84, 85, 88–91, 95, 96–7, 105, 108, 109, 134, 137, 138–9, 207, 221, 281
and the Council of Acre 101–2
death 168
and Geoffrey Fulcher 142
Louis IX, king of France 6, 274, 279–93, 305, 317, 328
character 280–1
crusader army 281–93, 294
–7, 300
currency reform 348
and the Mongols 302
and Philip IV 336, 345–6, 350, 398
taken prisoner and ransomed 291–3
wife of and birth of children 294–5
Ludolph of Sudheim 395
Lull, Ramon 329–30, 342–3
Lydgate, John 410
Lyon
coronation of Pope Clement V at 335–9
Second Council of 318, 327
Magna Carta 224–5
Malikshah I, Sultan 21
Mallorca 230, 329, 390
Malta 403, 413
Mamluks 7, 157, 187, 286, 291, 296, 299–300, 333, 403
conquest of Acre 320–5
and Mongol armies 302–3, 310–11
and the Templars 312–13
see also Baybars
Manuel I Comnenus, Byzantine emperor 86, 149
Map, Walter 40, 122–3, 124, 225–6
Marseilles 227–8, 272
Marshal, William 221
Martin IV, Pope 332
Matilda, countess of Boulogne 70–2
Matilda, Empress 70–1, 136, 137
Matthew, bishop of Albano 50
Matthew Sauvage 315
Melisende, queen of Jerusalem 46, 99, 106, 109
Mexico see Caballeros Templarios, Los
Michael the Syrian 35–6
Michel, Jean 50
monasticism 42–5, 344
Mongols 7, 277, 300–3, 304, 310–11, 315, 317, 319, 333, 398
Monreal del Campo 73
Moors 58, 60, 75, 230, 390, 395
Mont Gisard, battle of 152–3, 156–8, 166, 167
Monzón (Templar fortress) 47, 131, 229, 390 389,
Mosul 135, 147
Muhammad al-Nasir 236, 237
Muhammad, Prophet 19–20, 21, 111, 123, 169, 191, 213, 276, 306
Muhammad XII, Nasrid ruler 401
Muzafar al-Din 176, 184
Nablus, Council of 34–5, 36, 37, 73
Napoleon Bonaparte 402, 403
Nasr al-Din 120–4, 142
naval leagues 401
Nazareth 24, 57–8, 176, 177
Nicholas I, Pope 34
Nicholas IV, Pope 327–8, 329, 330
Nicholas of Ennezat 364, 366
Nicholas of Fréauville 395
Nicholas of Hanapes, patriarch of Jerusalem 323
Nur al-Din 100–1, 109, 110, 120, 129, 133, 134–6, 137–8, 138–9, 140, 144, 145, 147, 153, 162, 299
Odo of Châteauroux 283
Odo of Deuil 83, 88, 89–90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95
Odo of Saint-Amand 135, 149, 151–2, 154, 160, 162–3, 168, 207
Old Man of the Mountain, the 150
Oliver of Paderborn 150, 244, 245, 246, 247, 249, 250
Oliver of Penne 376
Order of St John of Jerusalem 403–4
Order of St Lazarus 6
Orsini, Napoleone 337
Otto, bishop of Freising 98, 101
Ottoman Empire 403, 404
Outremer (Holy Land) 20
papal bulls 65–8, 83, 84–5, 100, 331, 369–70, 372–3, 375, 387, 392
Paris, Matthew 287–8, 291, 409