Himalaya
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Anglo-Maratha War, Second (1803–1805), 173
Anglo-Mysore War, Second (1780–1784), 176
Anglo-Nepalese War (1814–1816), 16–17, 183–200, 335
Anglo-Russian Convention (1907), 393, 398
Anglo-Sikh War
First (1845–1846), 227, 234, 236, 251, 280, 326, 331, 353
Second (1848–1849), 227, 234, 236, 251, 281, 283, 326, 353
Annapurna range, 29, 219, 462–4
Annexation of Tibet (1950–51), 164, 261, 481–2, 488–9
Aufschnaiter and, 457
Battle of Chamdo (1950), 488
Ford and, 491–2
Gendun Chopel and, 487
Richardson and, 496
Anson, George, 227–8, 231, 234
Antarctica, 23, 322, 325, 339, 366, 518
Anutapagupta, 158
d’Anville, Jean-Baptiste Bourguignon, 202, 204, 214
Arbuthnot bank, Madras, 382
Archaeological Survey of India, 281
Arctic, 295, 301, 365
Argentina, 354
Ariq Boke, 88
Arka Tagh mountains, 314
Armenians, 158–63, 203, 212
Arniko, 89–92
Arnold, Edward, 315
Arnold Arboretum, Boston, 346
Arthur, Duke of Connaught, 258
Arts and Crafts movement, 343
Arun river, 28
Arunachal Pradesh, 18, 23, 29, 209, 263, 330, 344
Longju, 503
Tawang, 399, 402, 504
Walong, 504
Arwa valley, 440
Aryan race, 103–4
Asan Tol, Kathmandu, 458
ascetics, 10, 13, 15, 123
Aschenbrenner, Peter, 427
Ashoka, Mauryan Emperor, 43, 63
Asiatic Journal, 176, 218, 223, 225, 271
Asiatic Society, 215, 222, 285, 330, 378
Assam, 30, 138, 209, 224, 329, 330–32
astrology, 116, 177, 378, 401
astronomy, 296–7, 301, 325, 485
Atisa Dipamkara, 71–3, 74, 85, 87, 131, 158
Atkinson, Edwin, 8–9, 16
Attlee, Clement, 494
Attock, 30
Auckland, Lord, see Eden, William
Aufschnaiter, Peter, 455, 456–7, 458, 459
Aurangzeb, Mughal Emperor, 160, 161
Auschwitz concentration camp, 434
Australia, 33, 324, 325, 522
Austria, 93, 364, 365, 424–5, 455
Avalokitesvara, 47, 73, 83, 131, 306, 399
Awadh, see Oudh
ayurveda, 15, 253
Azha, 48–9
Ba clan, 55
Bacot, Jacques, 484
Badrinath, Uttarakhand, 10, 12–13, 76, 77, 137, 440, 442
Baghdad, 74
Bagmati river, 81, 85
Bahadur Shah, Prince Regent of Nepal, 167–72
Bai Lang, 347
Bailey, Frederick Marshman ‘Eric’, 321, 391, 403–8, 431, 490
Baisi, 111, 113
Ballets Russes, 431, 469
Balliol College, Oxford, 346, 387
Balpo, 55
Baltistan, 68, 360
Baltoro Kangri, 358, 359
Bandar Abbas, Persia, 207
Banerjee family, 342
Bangladesh, 72, 212
Banks, Joseph, 213, 291, 322–3, 325
Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 219, 220, 268, 270
Barkhor, Lhasa, 52, 475, 497–8
Barnard, Henry, 227
Barnett, Robert, 494, 497–8
Bashi-Bazouks, 284
Basnyet clan, 118
Basra, 156, 160
Basundhara Bir Bikram, Prince of Nepal, 469
Batang, Sichuan, 382, 487, 488
Batavia, Dutch East Indies, 127, 207, 208
Battle of Agra (1857), 220
Battle of Baliqiao (1860), 283
Battle of Chamdo (1950), 488
Battle of Culloden (1746), 219
Battle of the Five Lamas (1634), 144
Battle of Kathmandu (1768), 121–3, 137
Battle of Passchendaele (1917), 314
Battle of Plassey (1757), 123
Battle of the Somme (1916), 400
Battle of Ypres (1914), 419
Bauer, Paul, 425–9, 456
Bavarian Kingdom (1805–1918), 229, 256, 352
Bay of Bengal, 6, 26
Bayley Balfour, Isaac, 345, 346, 347
Bayley, William Butterworth, 243
Beagle, 268, 326
bears, 8, 29, 124, 243
Beatles, The, 1, 12
bedding out, 343
Beecham, Thomas, 431
Beger, Bruno, 433–4
Beijing
Amherst Mission (1816), 293, 300
Jampel Chokyi in (1814–1817), 300–303
Lobsang Palden Yeshe in (1780), 148, 167, 297, 299
Macartney mission (1793), 170, 172
Macaulay mission (1885), 385
Olympic Games (2008), 480, 494
Palace Museum, 50
Qincheng prison, 489, 496
smallpox outbreak (1780), 148, 167, 297, 299
White Stupa, 91
Yellow Temple, 300, 385
Yonghe Gong monastery, 297
Beijing Genomics Institute, 32, 35–6, 37
Belait Yatra, 254
Beletsky, Evgeny, 508–9
Belkot, Nepal, 118–19
Bell, Charles, 46, 47, 316, 396–405, 408, 435, 455
Bell, Gertrude, 501
Bell, Laura, 256
Bell, Thomas, 85–6
Bell, Vanessa, 351
Bellezza, John Vincent, 65–6
Belt and Road Initiative (2013–), 43, 64, 151
Benares, see Varanasi
Bengal
famine (1769–73), 125, 128
Rennell’s maps (1780; 1782), 213
Subah of (1576–1757), 122, 123, 149, 211
Sultanate of (1352–1576), 119
Bengal Atlas (Rennell), 213
Bengal Fan, 26
Bengal Native Infantry, 176, 219, 281
Benjamin of Tudela, 157, 158
Bentinck, William, 230, 245
Bergaigne, Abel, 102–3, 104
Bergfilme, 424
Bergkamaraden, 425
Bergman, Ingrid, 469
Berlin Olympics (1936), 409–10, 423, 424, 427
Bernard, Helen, 443
Bernard, Pierre, 443
Bernard, Theos, 443, 485
Bernays, Edward, 102
Besant, Annie, 374, 430
Betjeman, John, 450
Betrawati river, 171
Bettiah, Bihar, 123
BGI, 32, 35–6, 37
Bhadgaon, 94
Bhagalpur, Bihar, 215, 219
Bhageerathi Parvat, Uttarakhand, 12
Bhagiratha, 6, 10
Bhagirathi range, 19, 25
Bhagirathi river, 6, 10, 221, 222
Bhaktapur, Nepal, 94, 99, 104, 116, 118, 125, 161, 307
Bhandari, Bidya Devi, 106, 108
Bhandarkhal massacre (1806), 174, 183, 249
Bhanubhakta Acharya, 184
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), 17
Bhot Bhawan, Howrah, 147, 150
Bhote Kosi, 161, 377, 515
Bhotia Boarding School, Darjeeling, 289
Bhotias, 35, 263–7
Bhrikuti, 51
Bhutan, 94, 135, 137–45
architecture, 141
Bogle mission (1774), 140–45
British invasion (1864–1865), 150, 307, 383
Cacella and Cabral’s visit (1627), 77–8, 94, 144
climate, 141
Cooch Behar conflict (1772–3), 138–9
Darjeeling, migration to, 342
dress, 126
Druk lineage, 143, 144
Griffith’s visit (1837), 225
Indian Treaty (1949), 458
juniper in, 28
Karmapa in, 135
Manning’
s visit (1811), 292
monsoon in, 29
Pemberton mission (1837), 150
Phari raid (1883), 384
Rennell’s visit (1766), 137, 212
Sikkim invasion (1700), 334
Treaty of Punakha (1910), 458
Turner mission (1783), 150, 327
Bhyundar valley, Garhwal, 418, 442
Biafo glacier, 359
bibis, 175
Bible, 15
Bichurin, Nikita Yakovievich, 300
Bihar, India, 85, 86, 122, 213, 233, 399
Bettiah, 123
Bhagalpur, 215, 219
Bodhgaya, 398, 457
Fatehpur, 230
Nalanda monastery, 55, 56, 85, 87, 89
Odantapuri, 56, 85
Patna, 84, 124, 160, 163, 205, 207, 247, 328
Purnia, 216
Raxaul, 152
Sagauli, 152
Vaishali, 84
Vikramasila, 71–2, 85
Bikrampur, Bangladesh, 72
Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh, 177
biodiversity, 29
Biratnagar, Nepal, 449
Bird, Isabella, 310
birds of paradise, 109, 110
Birendra Shah, King of Nepal, 107, 109–10, 513, 515, 516
Birgunj, Nepal, 152, 445
birta, 189
Blacker, Stewart, 421–3
Blacker, Valentine, 421
Blavatsky, Helena, 78, 104, 317–18, 322, 430, 431, 432
Bloomsbury group, 456
Blue Annals, 46, 157
blue poppies, 320–21, 348, 391
blue sea region, see Qinghai
blue sheep, 29
Bodhgaya, Bihar, 398, 457
bodhisattvas, 73, 77, 83, 91, 100, 306
Bogle, George Jr, 126–50, 165, 201–2, 302, 379, 384
botany and, 326
cartography and, 204–5, 208–9, 210, 215
Chauduri, relationship with, 201
death (1781), 148
potato planting, 141, 327
Tichan, relationship with, 149–50
Bogle, George Sr, 140
Bogle, Robert, 140
Boileau, John Peter, 196–7
Boileau, John Theophilus, 230
Boileauganj, 230
Bollywood, 110
Bolsheviks, 400, 404, 431
Bon, 59, 60–61, 62, 65, 66–8
Bonham-Carter, Christopher, 514
Bonington, Christian, 519
borax, 262, 264
Boss, Emil, 356, 357
Boulger, Demetrius Charles, 383
Bourdillon, Tom, 466
Bovril, 317
Bower, Hamilton, 380
Boxer Rebellion (1899–1901), 386
Bradshaw, Paris, 188, 189, 195
Braham, Trevor, 442, 443
Brahma, 6, 14, 81, 85
Brahmaputra river, 2, 3, 24, 28, 58, 209, 210, 302
Bailey’s exploration (1911; 1913), 321, 403, 408
Kingdon-Ward’s exploration (1924), 321, 348, 408
Nain Singh’s exploration (1865), 287
Wilcox and Burlton’s exploration (1825–1828), 224
Webber’s exploration (1864), 284
see also Yarlung Tsangpo region
Brahmins, 52, 113–15, 233, 267, 443, 449, 458, 525
Brauen, Martin, 317
Breslau University, 409
Briggs, David, 234
Brilliant, 211
Britain; British Empire, 9, 13, 63, 98, 99
Aden (1839–1963), 284
Abor expedition (1911–1912), 344
Afghan War, First (1839–1842), 247
American War (1775–1783), 98, 127, 168
Amherst Mission (1816), 293, 300
Bhutanese War (1864–1865), 150, 307, 383
Burma (1824–1948), 224, 348, 384, 385
Burmese War, First (1824–6), 224
China Inland Mission, 310, 311, 312
Ceylon (1796–1948), 323, 339
Crimean War (1853–1856), 229, 284
Dutch War, Second (1665–1667), 206
Everest expeditions, see British Everest expeditions
Fortune missions (1843–1861), 341
French Revolutionary Wars (1792–1802), 291
Gould mission (1936), 435–6, 491
Great Exhibition (1951), 149
Great Game (1830–1895), 289, 357, 376
Hong Kong (1841–1997), 282, 340, 519
India Office, 148, 383, 396, 400, 405, 408
Indian colonies (1612–1947), see British India
Jacobite Rebellion (1745–1746), 219
Jang Bahadur’s visit (1850), 253–8
Java invasion (1811), 191
Malaya (1826–1957), 339
Macartney mission (1793), 170, 172
Macaulay mission (1885–1886), 384–5
Mahendra’s visit (1960), 512–13
Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815), 240, 277
Nigerian colonies (1879–1960), 395
Opium War, First (1839–1842), 247, 282, 308, 331, 490
Opium War, Second (1856–1860), 283, 285, 490
Phunwang, relations with, 487–8
rubber trade, 339–40
Russian Convention (1907), 393
Seven Years’ War (1756–1763), 123, 149, 211
Sikkim expedition (1860), 383
tea trade, 127, 329–32, 333, 335–6, 340
Tibetan independence and, 491, 493–4
Treaty of Danapur (1801), 173, 185, 217
Treaty of Calcutta (1890), 311, 386
Treaty of Calcutta (1908), 397
Treaty of Chefoo (1876), 384
Treaty of Lhasa (1904), 393, 399
Treaty of Punakha (1910), 458
Treaty of Sagauli (1816), 195, 196, 198, 236, 239, 260, 263, 279, 376
Treaty of Simla (1914), 400, 402, 459, 494
Treaty of Tianjin (1858), 283, 309
Treaty of Titalia (1817), 335
United Nations Declaration (1942), 492
Younghusband expedition (1903–1904), 288, 292, 311–12, 316, 367, 375, 390–93
British Association, 344
British Everest expeditions, 25, 210, 387, 395, 400, 404, 424, 441
1921 22, 211, 371, 374, 375, 396, 400, 401, 408
1922 349, 350, 374, 409, 412
1924 22, 349, 370, 371, 374, 375, 403, 407, 465
1933 22, 26, 349, 413
1935 419
1936 416–20
1953 289, 414, 441, 459, 465–8, 507
British India (1612–1947), 13, 63, 117, 120, 200
Abor expedition (1911–1912), 344
Afghan War, First (1839–1842), 247
Battle of Buxar (1764), 211
Battle of Plassey (1757), 123, 149
Bhutanese War (1864–1865), 150, 307, 383
Bogle mission (1774), see Bogle, George
Burmese War, First (1824–6), 224
cartography, 211–26
censuses, 261, 342
China, trade with, 127–8, 170, 172
civil disobedience movement (1929–31), 444
Cooch Behar conflict (1773), 138–9
Dalai Lama in (1910–1913), 397–8
Darjeeling lease (1835), 335
famines, 125, 128, 376
Fortune mission (1848), 341
Geological Survey of India, 30
Gould mission (1936), 435–6, 491
Great Survey (1802–1871), 225, 285
hill stations, 200, 228
Hooker’s voyage (1848–1849), 326, 334–9
Independence (1947), 440
Kinloch expedition (1767), 123–5, 149, 189, 214
Kirkpatrick mission (1792–1793), 98–100, 166, 171, 172, 181, 327
Ladakh boundary commissions (1846–7), 280–81
Macaulay mission (1885–1886), 384–5
Manning mission (1811–12), 292–4, 303
Maratha War, Second (1803–1805), 173, 176, 185
Mir Qasim, r
elations with, 122, 211
Moorcroft expedition (1812), 268–78, 295, 327
Mysore War, Second (1780–1784), 176
Nepalese War (1814–1816), 16–17, 183–200, 335
Non-Cooperation Movement (1920–1922), 412
Partition (1947), 442–3
Political Department, 379
railways, 152, 332, 384
Rebellion (1857–1858), see Indian Rebellion
Regulating Act (1773), 127, 140
Rennell’s maps (1780; 1782), 213–14, 218
roads, 380
Schlagintweit expeditions (1854–1857), 352–5
Sikh War, First (1845–1846), 227, 234, 236, 251, 280, 326, 331, 353
Sikh War, Second (1848–1849), 227, 234, 236, 251, 281, 283, 326, 353
Sikkim expedition (1860), 383
Sino-Nepalese War (1788–1792), 168, 170, 171, 172, 186
Survey of India, 203, 211, 212, 224, 355, 356–7, 396
Tawang annexation (1914), 399, 402, 504
taxation in, 17, 181–3, 198
tea trade, 127, 329–32, 333, 335–6, 340
telegraph system, 227, 332, 447
Treaty of Danapur (1801), 173, 185, 217
Treaty of Calcutta (1890), 311, 386
Treaty of Calcutta (1908), 397
Treaty of Lhasa (1904), 393, 399
Treaty of Punakha (1910), 458
Treaty of Sagauli (1816), 195, 196, 198, 236, 239, 260, 263, 279, 376
Treaty of Simla (1914), 400, 402, 459, 494
Treaty of Titalia (1817), 335
Turner mission (1783), 148–9, 150, 327
Vellore mutiny (1806), 191
wool trade, 77, 270, 272, 276–9, 281–2
World War II (1939–1945), 447
Younghusband expedition (1903–1904), 288, 292, 311–12, 316, 367, 375, 390–93
British Kumaon (1816–1947), 16–17, 376
Gurkha battalions, 200, 233
Hodgson in, 175, 241–2
Longstaff expeditions (1905; 1907), 367
schools in, 284
Schlagintweit brothers in, 353
tea plantations, 330, 335
taxation in, 17, 242, 263
Treaty of Sagauli (1816), 195, 199, 263, 376
British Library, London, 45, 78, 273
British Museum, London, 322
British Residents in Nepal
1802–1804 William Knox, 173–4, 177, 181, 185, 217
1816 John Boileau, 196–7
1816–1829 Edward Gardner, 197, 198, 242–3, 327
1829–1843 Brian Hodgson, 84, 175, 198, 237, 238, 245–8, 279, 379
1843–1845 Henry Lawrence, 238, 247–51
Brocherel brothers, 367
Broun-Ramsay, James, 1st Marquess of Dalhousie, 234, 237, 332–3, 334, 338
Bruce, Charles, 329
Bruce, Charles Granville, 349–50, 358, 401
Everest expedition (1922), 349, 350
Everest expedition (1924), 349
Karakoram expedition (1892), 359
Nanga Parbat expedition (1895), 349, 360, 361, 363
Trisul expedition (1907), 367, 395, 396
World War I (1914–18), 444
Bruce, Henry, 1st Lord Aberdare, 349
Bruce, James, 8th Earl of Elgin, 285