The Confident Hope of a Miracle
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Count Olivares to the King, 26 September 1588, CSPS iv 441; CSP Venetian, August 1588; Statement of as much as can be Learned of the Royal Armada, 3 September 1588, CSPS iv 416; John Nichol, Progresses and Public Processions of Queen Elizabeth, 1823, ii, p. 537.
Bernardino de Mendoza to the King, 29 September 1588, CSPS iv 442n; Ereira, op. cit.; Count de Olivares to the King, 29 October 1588, CSPS iv 463.
CHAPTER TWENTY:
God Will Tire of Working Miracles
Statement made by the Purser Pedro Coco Calderon, 24 September 1588, CSPS iv 439; Relation of Medina-Sidonia, in John Knox Laughton, State Papers Relating to the Defeat of the Spanish Armada, II, 354–70.
“Pier o Carr, A Fleming,” Examinations of Spanish Prisoners, 12 September 1588, SP ccxvi 17; Evelyn Hardy, Survivors of the Armada, p. 168; Report of John Brown of Clontarf, recently escaped from Ribadeo, 6 February 1589, CSPI, 121; Duke of Medina-Sidonia to the King, 23 September 1588, CSPS iv 433.
The King to the Captain General of Guipuzcoa, 26 December 1588, Archivo de la Casa de Heredia Spinola, Madrid, 122/120, quoted in Colin Martin and Geoffrey Parker, The Spanish Armada, p. 242; Duke of Medina-Sidonia to the King, 23 September 1588, CSPS iv 433; Peter Pierson, Commander of the Armada, p. 171; Martin and Parker, op. cit., p. 240.
Garcia de Villejo to Andres de Prajda, 10 October 1588, CSPS iv 456; Philip Gosse, Sir John Hawkins; Pierson, op. cit., p. 279n.
Ron Keightley, “An Armada Veteran Celebrates the Death of Drake,” p. 405; William Monson, Naval Tracts, vol. 1, pp. 152–73; Pierson, op. cit., p. 233.
Monson, op. cit., vol. 1, pp. 152–73; Drake to Walsingham, 10 August 1588, SP ccxiv 65; Sir Walter Ralegh, History of the World, iii, 4, 2.
David A. Thomas, The Illustrated Armada Handbook, p. 210; Summary of divers letters to the Duke of Parma, 12 September, CSPS iv 427; Points of a Letter from the Earl of Huntly to the Duke of Parma, 12 September 1588, CSPS iv 428; Letter from London, 7 September 1588, CSPS iv 423; Bernardino de Mendoza to the King, 2 November 1588, CSPS iv 466.
Bernardino de Mendoza to the King, 13 October 1588, CSPS iv 458; King to Bernardino de Mendoza, 3 September 1588, CSPS iv 417.
Advices from London, 21 November 1588, CSPS iv 476; Kenneth R. Andrews, Trade, Plunder and Settlement, p. 238.
Bernardino de Mendoza to the King, 2 November 1588, CSPS iv 466; Sir Robert Naunton, Fragmenta Regalia; Advices from England, 5 November 1588, CSPS iv 470; Winston Graham, The Spanish Armadas, p. 166.
I.A.A. Thompson, War and Government in Habsburg Spain; J. L. Motley, History of the United Netherlands, ii, p. 535.
Monson, op. cit., vol. 2, p. 94; G. M. Trevelyan, History of England, pp. 356–7n; Ronald H. Fritze (ed.), Historical Dictionary of Tudor England, p. 33.
NEIL HANSON
The Confident Hope of a Miracle
Neil Hanson is the author of The Custom of the Sea and The Great Fire of London. He lives in the Yorkshire Dales in England.
ALSO BY NEIL HANSON
The Custom of the Sea
The Great Fire of London
FIRST VINTAGE BOOKS EDITION, FEBRUARY 2006
Copyright © 2003 by Neil Hanson
Vintage and colophon are registered trademarks of Random House, Inc.
The Library of Congress has cataloged the Knopf edition as follows:
Hanson, Neil.
The confident hope of a miracle: the true history of the Spanish Armada /
Neil Hanson.—1st American ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Armada, 1588. 2. Great Britain—History, Naval—Tudors, 1485–1603.
3. Spain—History, Naval—16th century I. Title.
DA360.H34 2005
942.05’5—dc22
2004048378
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eISBN: 978-0-307-42830-1
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