donkeys, 681
draught animals, 173
London traffic congestion, 657
slaughtered during plague, 163, 164
Smithfield Market, 533
in Tudor times, 208–10
apprentices, chimney sweeps, 469
clothes, 234
craftsmen, 105
from Foundling Hospital, 396
holiday, 247
tradesmen’s signs and emblems, 517
archery, 57–8, 185, 212
architecture, Baroque, 323
Chester rows, 301
continental influence, 323
crenellation, 4
Gothic railway stations, 645
late Victorian domestic, 555–6
nineteenth century public buildings, 579
Norman halls, 4
Palladian, 294, 323–4
Reading Gaol, 667
sixteenth century evolution, 194
aristocracy, country houses, 555–6
Dissolution, 177
First World War casualties, 690
incomes in seventeenth century, 289
landed nobility, 208–9
peerages conferred, 209–10
permitted to read Bible, 217
responsibility and duty, 556, 557
Roman Catholics, 188
weakening authority, 99
army (see also World War, First and Second), Auxiliary Territorial Service, 708
barracks, 672
demobilization rate, 695
of Edward I, 58, evasion of justice by service in, 146
flogging, 672–3
mutiny of 3rd Foot Guards, 664
pay and allowances, 672
policing duties, 670–71
poor quality of recruits, 671–2, 673
price of commissions, 609–10
reform, 673–4
relations between officers and men, 673, 674
venereal disease, 639, 640
volunteers, 689
younger sons, 309
art galleries, 622
artillery, 231
artisans, apprehended as Luddites, 486
Chartists, 494
clothworkers, 482, 485
framework knitters, 482–3
homes of, 576
position in society, 487
quality of workmanship, 467–8
trade union members, 578
Ascot races, 369
astrology and medicine, 149–50
Aylesford friary, 51
banks and banking, issue of notes, 518
younger sons, 309
Barnet, 105, 648
Barnsley, 302, 586
barracks, army, 672
Basing House, 388
Bath, 294, 374, 612
Bear Wood, 556
Beaufort House, 197
Bedford House, 290, 532
bedrooms, Blackpool, 683
cottages, 562, 569
country houses, 196, 200, 323
craftsmen, 106
drapers’ assistants, 520
eighteenth century inns, 356
maidservants, 504, 513–14
mediaeval, 17
navvies’ dormitories, 646
Oxford and Cambridge scholars, 132
beggars, 182
Belvoir Castle, 194, 500, 501–2, 555
Beverley, bull-baiting, 368
Minster, 14
minstrels, 96
miracle plays, 90, 92
Birkenhead, 622, 656
Birmingham, decaying buildings, 579
factories, 475
music halls, 630
overcrowding, 676
population, 233, 473, 568
prison, 668
railway and suburbs of, 648
repertory theatre, 632
Ryan’s Amphitheatre, 425
birth control, 386, 398–9, 701, 702
Blackheath School, 623
Blackpool, 680, 683, 684–5
Blakemere, 7
Blenheim Palace, 323, 512, 541, 543, 544
Bolton, 579, 622, 677
Bolton Abbey, 309
books, before age of printing, 214
Bible, 214, 215, 216–17
book clubs, 678
bookstalls on railway stations, 651
children’s, 394
on domestic economy, 615–17
on etiquette, 613
Foxe’s Book of Martyrs, 217
increased publication and sale of, 678
novels, 628
pornography, 406
printed, 215–16
proscribed, 135
in reign of Elizabeth I, 217–18
religious, 628
unbound and bound, 519
booksellers, 232, 519
Bournemouth, 681, 684
Bradford, 570, 577, 578, 579, 622
bribes in prisons, 666
brickfields, 589–91
Bridewell, 230
bridges, 66, 67
Brighton, bathing machines, 679
holidaymakers, 680
Marine Pavilion, 555
naked bathing, 682
population, 680
railway, 648, 680
terrace houses, 612
Veteran Car Run, 660
Bristol, alehouses, 375
chained library, 215
charity school, 266, 451
circus, 425
criminals, 665
day trippers from, 680
Defoe on, 300
industry, 473, 576–7
population, 233, 284
poverty and destitution, 697
priory, 51
railway, 645
repertory theatre, 632
second port, 284
terrace houses, 612
British Broadcasting Corporation, 677, 696
broadcasting, 677–8
brothels (see also prostitutes), 166, 405–6, 634–5, 655
Bryanston, 554, 556
building materials, circuses, 425
cottages, 336, 561
mediaeval, 4, 19, 101–2
sixteenth century, 195, 234
yeomen’s houses, 320
building regulations, 228–9
buildings, public, 578–9
burgesses, 99–101
Burghley House, 208
Burley, 498
Burlington House, 309, 521
Burton Agnes, 195
Bury St Edmunds, 118, 233, 299
Cambridge, Bedford’s bill at Red Lion, 293
castellated buildings, 4
cycling, 659
exorbitant rents, 129
the only umbrella, 343
plague, 162
railway, 645
Cambridge University, 124
age of admittance, 135, 279
cindex1ed role of, 277
Christ’s College, 460
commons allowance, 135
differences between rich and poor students, 278
dinner parties and social hierarchy, 617
discipline, 279
distinguished students, 278
examinations, 461
Farish’s lectures, 458
fighting between scholars and townspeople, 128
First World War casualties, 690
food, 132–3
music degrees, 218
penalties and punishment, 128–9
Peterhouse, 131
poor scholars, 134–5
reputation, 282
St Catherine’s College, 136
scholars’ accommodation, 129–30, 132
Trinity College, 187
tutorial system, 279
canals, 467
Canons Park, 289, 309, 504, 509, 554
Canterbury, 80, 101, 233, 299–300, 536
Cardiff Castle, 556
Carlton House, 499
Carlyle’s house, 505–6
cars, see transport
Castle Howard, 323
cas
tles, 3–4, 104, 194
cathedrals, 105, 115, 120, 217
cellars, 377, 522, 569, 580
censorship, 246, 254
census, church worship, 641
domestic servants, 497
of 1851, 568
first, 466
housing statistics, 676
opposition to, 319
ceremonies, 12–14, 84, 87, 383
charity, Defoe, 306
doles, 255–6, 492, 494, 696, 697
Earl of Bedford, 292
girls, 489
poor relief, 256, 284, 473, 481
schools, 117–18, 266–7, 450–51
in sixteenth century, 178
Southwark Fair, 422
unemployed receive, 696
Charterhouse, 456, 623
Chartism, 494–5
Chatham, 300, 473, 669
Chatsworth, 309, 323
bathrooms, 334
house party, 547
Simond at, 512
upholsterer, 500
cheapjacks and pedlars, 180, 536–8
Cheltenham, 612, 627
Chester, alehouses, 375
Defoe on, 300–301
minstrels, 95, 96
miracle plays, 90, 92
theatre, 419
wages, 234
children, abuse of, 636
cave-dwellers’, 306
charity, 489
costermongers’, 526
cruelty to, 395, 595–6
drunkenness, 378
evacuees, 698
executed as criminals, 662
height and weight, 707
holiday accommodation, 686
hop-pickers’, 688
illegitimacy, 405
imprisoned with homosexuals, 666
inoculation and vaccination, 433, 434–5
magazines, 678
meals in sixteenth century, 7
mothers’ rights over, 389
number in family, 386–7
in poverty, 395
price of shoes, 234
quack remedies, 428
sixteenth century, 238–9
smallpox, 432
upbringing, 112, 392–5
vagabonds, 180, 181
Victorian Sundays, 643
wages, 559, 560
workhouse, 493, 705
child labour, 468–9, 494–7
boy-actors, 245, 246
in brickfields, 589, 590
chimney sweeps, 595–7
in coal mines, 583, 584, 586, 587
factory workers, 578
farm labourers, 558, 559, 560, 565
in First World War, 693–4
nail-making, 589
prostitutes, 635–7
street vendors, 529–31
death, chimney sweeps, 597
cholera, 439
factory workers, 595
fall in death rate, 706
infant mortality, 386–7, 392, 428
of labouring classes, 581
in workhouse, 493
education, between World Wars, 694
eighteenth century, 448–57 passim; Middle Ages, 113–19, 120
seventeenth century, 265–76 passim
china, 273, 307, 332
Chiswick House, 309
chivalry, 16, 55, 82–3
Christ’s Hospital, 16, 266, 451–2
Church, the, Act of Uniformity, 258
Anglican Church and contraception, 702
Anglicans, 259, 272, 314, 317
census of attendance, 641
churchgoing in late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, 316
Crown and, 253
leprosy, 159
marital separation, 107
marriage, 381
Methodists and Dissenters, 314
minstrels, 95
nativity plays, 89–90
plights of troth, 108
Protestantism, 187
Roman Catholics and, 314
sanctuary, 145
in seventeenth century, 258
study of medicine, 156–7
tournaments, 84–5
value of benefices, 608
younger sons, 309
churches, ales, 45
Avon valley, 489
baptisms, 43
boxed-in pews, 620
distribution of, 316
family tombs, 197
funerals, 44, 45
hospitals, 156
hour-glasses in, 316
in Middle Ages, 39, 42, 43
Norwich, 284
number of parish churches, 316
proliferation in early nineteenth century, 489–90
Reformation, 192
services, 259
travelling craftsmen, 105
weddings, 43–4, 381, 382
cinemas, 677, 690
Civil War (1642–52), 252–5, 388
class (see also aristocracy, middle class, social hierarchy and working class), artisans and labourers, 578; ‘carriage people’, 610–11
class consciousness and seaside resorts, 680–81
life expectancy according to, 580
snobbery, 602–5
clergy, absentee, 311
benefit of, 144–5, 663
bishops, 254, 310
corruption, 186, 192
dress, 344
eighteenth century, 311–16
fellows of colleges, 279
Fleet marriages, 382
friars, 49–50, 51, 67, 115, 136
jurisdiction, 142
landowners, 607
Middle Ages, 39–43
missionary priests at Reformation, 190, 191
Oxford University, 136
pensioned monks, nuns and friars, 187
poverty, 192–3
property at risk, 491
and road maintenance, 65
schoolmasters, 118, 120
servants of, 496
social hierarchy, 607–9
social standing, 193
sporting parson, 607
stipends, 258, 310–11, 608
tend the sick, 156
tithes, 489, 490
trial by ordeal, 141
university students, 136
clothes, at Almack’s Assembly Rooms, 364
babies, 238
bathing costumes, 681–2
bathing machine attendants, 682
bicycling, 659
Billingsgate porters, 532
charity children, 266, 489
Chaucer describes monks’, 48
Christ’s Hospital boys, 161
clergymen, 314, 344
costermongers, 528
countrymen and women, 345–6
cricketers, 371, 372
eighteenth century, 338–9, 341–2, 344–6
Elizabeth I, 210
expenditure in seventeenth century, 290
farm labourers, 563
footmen’s livery, 500
as gambling stakes, 374
Garrick’s stage costumes, 419
George III’s daughters’ hunting attire, 359
Gibbon’s cap and gown, 459
Gladstone’s, 657
gloves for bridal night, 383
guild liveries, 87
head-dress, 341
holiday camp assistants, 686
inadequate clothes of nineteenth century poor, 598
indication of rank and occupation, 344
influence of cinema on, 677
influence of Prince of Wales on fashion, 552–3
Inglestone liveries, 204
John Taylor’s servant, 314
jockeys, 368
labouring gang women, 560
Laudian Code, 281
lead miner, 306
lepers, 159
made by framework knitters, 483
Margaret Paston orders, 109–10
markets, 534
May Day finery, 56
mediaeval peasants, 27
Members of Parliament
, 325
minstrels, 86, 96
monks, 48
municipal officers, 101
navvies, 645
nineteenth century gentlemen, 551–3
nineteenth century ladies, 549–50
nuns, 49
paviour, 103
Pepys, 290
police constables, 664
postmen, 353
prison uniform, 669
prisoners in rags, 666
rationing of, 708
restrictions on apprentices’, 234
sailors, 533
scholars, 133, 278
servants, 504, 506–7, 619
seventeenth century noblemen, 289–90
seventeenth century poor, 289
sixteenth century, 223–4
soldiers’ uniforms, 672
Statute of Labourers, 35
strolling players, 420
swaddling, 393
sword-fighters, 365, 366
tennis, 550
theatre-going, 632
underclothes, 550; ‘utility’, 708; ‘virtuous women’, 614
watermen at Belvoir, 501
women after First World War, 704
women during First World War, 693
working men’s leisure clothes, 621
wrestling shoes, 58
clubs, London, 372, 373, 446, 499, 606
savings, 565
sick, 646
coal (see also mines), coalbackers, 592–3
Defoe on, 304
export, 698
output falls, 698
price of, 565
railway transport, 648
coffee-houses, 291, 343
Colchester, 98, 304, 536, 645
Coleshill House, 323
Compton Place, 309
Compton Wynyates, 195
concert halls, 622
convents, see nunneries
Corfe Castle, 388
cosmetics, eighteenth century, 343
face powder, 614
First World War, 693, 704
in late nineteenth century, 550–51
patches, 343
seventeenth century noblemen, 289
sixteenth century, 224–5
costermongers, 526–9
cottage industry, 483, 577
cottages, back-to-back, 569
clothiers, 303;
cottage orné, 326
eighteenth century, 336
farm labourers, 561–2
mediaeval, 19
speculators build, 103–4
country houses (see also individual country houses), architecture, 194
billiard rooms, 554, 555
bowling greens, 211
building materials, 194–5
decoration, 197
domestic offices, 502
eighteenth century, 323–5
exterior, 555–6
food and drink, 202–6
furniture, 200–202
galleries, 196–7
gardens, 197–200
house parties, 544–8
interiors, 196
lighting, 555
nobility and, 309
open to visitors, 511–12
self-sufficiency, 206
shape, 195
smoking rooms, 554, 555
tennis courts, 211
water closets and bathrooms, 555
court, 121, 163, 220, 341
courtesans, see prostitutes
Coventry, 89, 91, 92, 93, 97, 100
Cragside, 554, 555
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