A Secret History of the IRA
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People’s Democracy (PD), 64–65, 202, 354–55
phoenix, 7, 85, 87
Pilling, Joe, 573–74
Pius XII, 41
plantation of Ulster, 39, 308, 353
Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI), 486, 523–24, 527, 537, 539, 550, 552, 580
see also RUC
Political Affairs Bureau, see Northern Ireland Office (NIO)
political status, 189, 434
see also special-category status
population movement, 68
Portlaoise jail, 158, 164, 179, 482
Powell, Jonathan, 497, 510
power-sharing Assembly (1974) 10, 128–29, 199
see also Sunningdale agreement
Price, Dolours, 126–28, 405
Price, Marion, 126–28, 405
Prince of Wales Own Regiment, 356, 358
Prior, James, 210, 215, 219, 234, 291
Prisoners Dependants Fund, 311
prison protests, 189–90, 201, 205–6
see also hunger strikes
Progressive Democrats, 274, 462, 495, 544
Provisional IRA:
arms smuggling, 3–6, 15–20, 107, 114–15, 141, 162, 171, 265
Cage 11 reorganization, 148–65, 167, 185, 196, 203, 334, 401
active-service units (ASUs)/cell structure, 157, 171–72, 177, 317–18, 332, 377
Civil Administration (Administrative IRA), 152–53
“Green Book,” 154–55
“long war” doctrine, 150–51, 185, 290
Northern and Southern Commands, 159–61
“permanent leadership,” 157–58, 375
Revolutionary Council, 154, 160, 169, 171
and civilian casualties, 341–43, 389
Constitution 1986/1996, 602–608
early politics, 75, 77, 79–80
Eire Nua debate, 181–83
electoral politics, 199–203
end of war statement July 2005, xiii, 558, 641–42
Executive, 165, 293, 378–79, 445
and cease-fires:
1994–96, 438–41, 449–55
1997, 465, 468–72, 477–79
and Mitchell principles, 473–77, 609–11
finance, 433–34, 459–61, 515, 545
and internment, 100–103
and interparty talks, 467, 470
in Libya, 6–15
and Mister Eddie, 9–12
Libyan weaponry, 17–20, 250, 288, 294, 326–27, 333, 383–84, 386–88, 406, 432
MacStiofain strategy, 85, 88
and McCartney killing, 550–55
operations, 107, 112, 173
Abercorn bomb, 111
Andersonstown RUC station, 243, 317
Australian tourists, 344
Ballygawley, 314
Birches, the, 314
Bloody Friday, 116–18
building contractors, 314
businessmen, 185
Brighton bomb, 247
Campbell, Jimmy, 244, 317
Canary Wharf, 441–42, 497
Castlereagh raid, 523, 526, 544–46, 563, 572
cigarettes, 543
City of London, 411
Cochrane, Thomas, abduction, 219–24
Colombia, xiii, 489, 493, 496, 504–5, 510–13, 526, 530, 544, 556
commercial bombing campaign, 100, 103, 459
Daily Mirror, 100
Dalkey robbery, 513–15
drug dealers, 437, 440
Dunmurry robbery, 543
Enniskillen, 32, 340–42, 347
Falls Road swimming baths, 341–42, 347
flying columns, 312–14, 333–34
Four Square Laundry, 119–21
Gibraltar, 256, 329–32, 337, 526
Gow, Ian, 336
Graham, Edgar, 243, 317
Hammersmith bridge, 443
Hanna family, 341–42, 347
Heathrow Airport mortars, 424
Howe, Geoffrey, 331–32
human bombs (Coshquin), 347–50, 350, 556
Iceland (supermarket chain), 543
Johnston, Gillian, 341
Kingsmills massacre, 320–21
La Mon, 172–73, 380
Limerick, 515
Lisnaskea school bus bomb, 341–42, 347
Little Donegall Street, 116
London bombs, 126–28, 173
London bus bomb, 443
Loughgall, 255, 304–5, 314
Manchester bomb, 443
McCabe, Garda, 547
McConville, Jean, 122–25
Mountbattan, Lord Louis, 175–77
Narrow Water ambush, 176–77
Newry post office robbery, 433–34, 499
Northern Bank robbery, 536–39, 543–48, 553, 555–57, 560, 563, 565, 568, 573, 582
prison guard killings, 206
punishment shootings, 513
reprisal killings, 319–24
Restorick, Stephen, 456–57
Rheindahlen bomb, 329
Roslea attack, 333–34
Royal School of Music bomb, 336
Sefton, James, 343, 347
Shankill Road bomb, 414–15
Shergar kidnapping, 242
Stormont spy ring, 524–25, 544–46, 563, 572–73, 580
Teebane bomb, 345–46
“Tet offensive,” see “Tet offensive” (Provisional IRA)
Thiepval barracks bomb, 444–45, 458
Tidey, Don, kidnapping, 242, 385
Tohill, Bobby, 541
Travers, Mary, 243–44, 317
policing, 153
politics vs. armed struggle, 79–80, 151–52, 240–45, 290, 299, 339–40, 342–44, 349, 389–90, 457, 472
see also “Armalite and ballot box” strategy
PSNI, attitude to, 585, 587–90
security unit (internal security department), 29–31, 156, 334–36, 574–76
shift to the left, 184–89, 197
split (1997), 479, 506–7, 517
start of Provisionals, 71–72
structures, 376–80
weaponry:
AK47 rifles, 3, 19–20, 24, 160, 328, 387–88, 514
Armalites, 113–14, 138, 162
Barrett Light 50, 339, 456, 459
car bombs, 115–16
coffee jar bombs, 366–67
culvert bombs, 339
DHSK machine guns (“Dushkies”), 3, 20, 23, 328
incendiary bombs, 173
Kalashnlkov, 562
land mines, 116
Lewis gun, 113
106 millimeter cannons, 22
radio-controlled bombs, 160, 177, 339
RPG-7 rocket launchers, 20, 138, 199
SAM-7 missiles, 3, 19, 21–23, 25, 328
Semtex, 4–6, 20, 22–23, 329–30, 333, 367, 443, 489
Taurus automatic pistols, 19
Webley revolvers, 20, 328
women in republican movement, 204, 376
Qaddafi, Hana, 14
Qaddafi, Colonel Muammar, 353–64
and Cage 11 proposals, 153–54
IRA liaison, 3–4, 6–14, 24, 138, 288, 292, 328–29, 487, 561
Qaddafi, Sadi, 24
Quakers, 364
quartermaster’s (QM) department (Provisional IRA), 377–78, 447, 450
Queen’s Own Highlanders, 176
Quinn, John, 324
Rainbow Coalition, 436, 458
Ramaphosa, Cyril, 503
Rankin, Ernest, 321
Reagan, Ronald, 13, 16
Real IRA, 479, 505, 507–9, 514–15, 573
Redemptorist Congregation, 71, 228–31, 235, 260
and Reid initiative, 234–35, 269, 274, 283, 297
see also Clonard Monastery; Reid, Father Alec
Red Mole, 186
Rees, Merlyn, 200
Reid, Father Alec, 256, 281, 283, 364, 411, 428, 433, 458, 484, 560, 562, 631–40
and British dialogue, 246, 247–50, 255–60
and Cochrane abduction, 220–21, 224–25, 486
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and Haughey contact, xv, 262, 268–77, 280, 289, 293–94, 297, 395, 422, 520, 615–28
and Hume contact, 277, 279
Irish government contacts, 278, 285, 422, 435
King/Brooke mediation, 394, 396, 406
peace initiative, xv, 224–25, 231–41, 245, 255, 505
and republican prisoners, 226–28
Reid, Billy, 95
Reid, John, 503, 510
Reid-Adams initiative, 369, 394, 406, 412–13, 484, 560, 568, 579
Catholic Church contacts, 231–38
dialogue with British, 247–60
Haughey contact, 263, 269–78, 280–84, 297
national self-determination in, 270, 272, 275, 282, 284, 298
“stepping stones,” 275–76, 281–82, 284, 297, 336, 400, 629–38
Reiss, Mitchell, 542, 553, 555
Relatives Action Committees, 201
Republican Clubs, 167, 311, 358
“Republican family, the,” 42
republican feuds, 96–97, 106, 147, 167–68
Republican Labour party, 354
Republican News (RN), 75, 151, 170, 186, 335, 570
see also An Phoblacht-Republican News
Republican Sinn Fein (RSF), 289, 507
Restorick, Stephen, 456–57
Revolutionary Council (Provisional IRA), 160, 167–69, 171, 178–79, 182, 200, 403
curbing IRA, 343–45
set up, 153–54
Reynolds, Albert, 434–35, 462
as taoiseach, 278, 285, 399, 404, 408, 427
and Downing Street Declaration, 412–13, 416–17, 419
and Hume-Adams document, 409, 411–12
and 1994–96 cease-fire, 422, 424–25, 428–29
Reynolds, Father Gerry, 422
Rheindahlen bomb, see Provisional IRA: operations, Rheindahlen bomb
Rice, Condoleeza, 531
Rice, J. J., 198
Rigali, Justin (archbishop of St. Louis), 237
Robinson, Peter, 280, 541
Rockefeller, David, 420
Roslea attack, see Provisional IRA: operations, Roslea attack
Rourke, Mickey, 581
Rowntree Trust, 364, 523
Royal Hampshire Regiment, 365
Royal Highland Fusiliers, 97
Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC), 78, 287
Royal Marines, 96
Royal Scots Regiment, 86
Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC), 153, 172, 184, 310, 316, 340, 436, 512
attacks on IRA, 223, 244, 458
in August 1969, 66–67, 81, 355–56
and civil rights marches, 63, 352–54
conflict with Catholics, 43, 46
control of security, 144, 176
in Derry, 350, 352, 355, 358–60
Headquarters Mobile Support Unit, 305
interrogation centers, 109, 133–34, 138, 145, 149, 154–55, 523
IRA attacks on, 38, 41, 223, 304, 336, 338, 444
and PRG, 365, 368–70
reforms of, 85–86, 486–87
Special Branch, 15, 29–30, 39, 100, 109, 164, 334–35, 430, 442, 577, 579
see also Police Service for Northern Ireland (PSNI)
RTE (Radio Telefis Eireann), 354, 579
Rupert, David, 509, 573
Russell, Sean, 48–49
Ryan, Liam, 313–14, 316, 323
Ryan, Michael “Pete,” 313–14, 318
Ryan, Father Patrick, 137
Sands, Bernadette, 439
Sands, Bobby, 226, 293, 439, 577, 580
Fermanagh-South Tyrone by-election (1981), 202, 210–14, 529, 567
hunger strike, 12, 202, 208–9, 213, 228, 558, 566
Saoirse, 56, 78
Saor Uladh (Free Ulster), 310
SAS (Special Air Services), 255, 317, 330
in Tyrone, 304–5, 316, 318–19, 322, 526
Savage, Sean, 330
Saville, Lord, 548–49
Scappaticci, Freddie, see informers/security breaches (Provisional IRA): Scappaticci, Freddie
Scarman, Lord, 68
Schultz, George, 420
Schwab, George, 421
Scotland Yard, 127
Second Battalion (Provisional IRA), 87, 96, 99–101, 113, 119, 141, 199
and Ballymurphy, 91–92, 95, 105
Second Dail, 55, 287, 376, 379
secret burials, see “disappeared”
“securocrats,” 525, 544–45, 572–82
Sefton, Eileen, 343, 347
Sefton, James, 343, 347
self-determination, see national self-determination
Sens, Andrew, 560
September 11, 2001, xiii, xxi, 490, 493, 497, 556
Shankill Butchers, 146, 168, 221, 224
see also Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF)
Shankill Defence Association, 65
Shankill Road, see Belfast: Shankill Road
Shankill Road bomb, see Provisional IRA: operations, Shankill Road bomb
Shergar kidnapping, see Provisional IRA: operations, Shergar kidnapping
Shields, Diarmuid, 322
Shields, Patrick, 322
Shimeld, Phil, 186
Shropshire conference, 504, 510
Short Strand, see Belfast: Short Strand
Sinn Fein (pre-1970), 50, 59, 72, 198, 287
Sinn Fein (Provisional), xiii, xiv, 11, 79, 254, 259, 275, 277, 306, 310, 323, 325, 368, 379, 494, 496, 504, 511, 528, 544–46, 553, 564–65, 590
abstentionism (ending of), 287–98, 328
and anti-imperialist front, 300–301
Ard Comhairle (1980), 593–97
Ard Fheis, 549, (1986), 287–89, 292, 294–97, 519, (1998), 480–83, (2007) 590
and arms decommissioning, 434, 436, 440, 499–500, 502–3
British withdrawal policy, 271–72
and cease-fires
1974, 143–44
1994, 429–33, 437–39
councillors killed, 320–22
and Downing Street Declaration, 417, 419
and DUP deal, 539–42, 587–91
Eire Nua debate, 181–83, 185–91
and electoral politics, 128, 151, 197–98, 200–203, 210–15, 219, 223, 240–41, 245, 290–91, 297, 339–40, 343, 382, 390, 417, 442, 457–58
formation, 72
fund-raising in United States, 437, 460
and Good Friday Agreement, 481–82, 484–86, 488
and hunger strikes, 207, 209, 567
and interparty talks, 455–58, 461–62, 465, 469, 474, 478
and IRA armed struggle, 151–52, 216, 240–41, 245, 290, 297, 340, 342–46, 448, 459
isolation of, 233–34
and McCartney, Robert, 551–52, 555
and McConville, Jean, 124–25
meetings with SDLP, 278–80
and National H Blocks Committee, 214–15
and ni Elias, Christin, 191–95
and pan-nationalist unity, 273, 298–99, 300, 435
and peace process, 255, 268, 298, 390–91
“Scenario for Peace, A” 298
“Towards a Broader Base,” 299
“Towards a Lasting Peace in Ireland,” 399–400
and policing, xiv, 585, 587–90
and women’s issues, 204–5
Sinn Fein – The Workers Party, 291
“Sixty-niners,” 80
see also defender tradition
Sjarmar, 19
Slevin, Liam, 73
Smyth, Reverend Martin, 532
social and political change in 1960s, 52–54, 60–62, 64–65
Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP), xiii, xiv, xxi, 102, 112, 129, 215, 239, 264, 299, 436, 440, 458, 483, 495, 518, 529–30, 558, 569–70
and Anglo-Irish Agreement, 241, 339
elections, 202, 212, 214, 340, 535, 540–41, 563–64, 590
and Hume-Adams process, 277–80, 297, 395
and pan-nationalist unity, 273, 423
and power-sharing Assembly, 128–29, 138, 199
&n
bsp; and unionist consent, 408–10
socialism, 184, 186, 270, 386
Soderburg, Nancy, 424, 490
sos, the, 429, 438, 445, 448–49, 469–72, 477
South Armagh Brigade (Provisional IRA), 161, 210
operations, 177, 220, 262, 411, 433, 441–43, 456, 459, 499
South Armagh Republican Action Force, 146
South Armagh Republican Reaction Force, 320
Southern Command (Provisional IRA), 157–58, 377, 438–39, 449
special-category status, 144, 189, 434
Special Powers Act (SPA), 39, 62
Spence, Gusty, 61, 63, 225
see also Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF)
Spring, Dick, 412, 434
“stages theory,” 57–58
Stalker, John, 512
Starry Plough, 298
State Department (U.S.), 24, 490–91
Statham, Julie, 322
statistics of violence:
1971, 102–3
1974, 141
1976, 146
1977, 149, 155
1980s, 196
1982, 223
1986–92, 319
1988–90, 338
St. Andrew’s Agreement, 587–89
“Steaknife,” 576
Steele, Jimmy, 60, 70, 75, 104
Steindoughtery, Margaret, 512
“stepping stones,” 275–76, 281–82, 284, 297, 336, 400
see also Reid-Adams initiative
“Stickies” (“Sticks”), 99, 141, 294
St. Matthews, 89–90, 92, 99, 147, 167
Stobie, William, 577
Storey, Bobby, 526, 546, 551, 580
and Jean McConville, 125
Stormont, 85, 139, 201, 215, 288, 295, 310
IRA view of, 154
new Assembly, 481–82, 484
suspension of, 111–12
Stormont spy-ring, see Provisional IRA: operations, Stormont spy-ring
Stronge, James, 320–21
Stronge, Sir Norman, 320–21
Sullivan, Jim, 72–73
Sunday Business Post (Dublin), 418, 565
Sunday Times (London), 381, 517–18
Sunday Tribune (Dublin), 279, 413, 482–83
Sunday World (Dublin), 187, 583
Sunningdale agreement, 138–39, 142, 273, 465, 528
supergrasses, 243
Tan War, 119, 306
Tamil Tigers, 585
Taplas, General Fernando, 511–12
Tartan Gangs, 97
Taylor, Harry, 109
Taylor, Peter, 349
Teahon, Paddy, 463
Tebbit, Norman, 247
Teebane bomb, see Provisional IRA: operations, Teebane bomb
Ten Men Dead, 570
‘Tet offensive’ (Provisional IRA), 20–24, 26, 28, 32–33, 249–50, 281, 303, 305, 386, 403, 406, 489
launched, 256, 329–34, 336–39
political agenda, 327–28
Vietcong and, 20
Thames Television, 330
Thatcher, Margaret, 16, 171, 176–77, 206, 215, 267, 274, 325, 336–37, 420
and Adams contact, 247–49, 256
and Anglo-Irish Agreement, 241, 273