China 1945

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China 1945 Page 54

by Richard Bernstein


  Yalta agreement and

  Yellow Mountain meeting of

  Zhang’s kidnapping of, 2.1, 2.2

  See also civil war; Kuomintang (KMT); Sino-American relations; Sino-Japanese War

  Child, Julia

  China Fights Back (Smedley)

  China Lobby

  China’s Red Army Marches (Smedley)

  China Today journal

  Chinese College of Commerce

  Chinese Communist Party. See Communist Party of China

  Chinese Economics Society

  Chinese language transcription

  Christian missionaries, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 4.2

  Chu Anping, 12.1, 12.2, 17.1, epl.1

  Chungking, 1.1, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 6.1, 9.1

  Churchill, Winston, 1.1, 2.1, 4.1, 14.1, 15.1

  China policies of, 2.1, 10.1

  Iron Curtain speech of, 8.1, 17.1

  on Stalin

  Yalta Conference of, 8.1, 10.1

  civil war, 1.1, 4.1, 6.1

  CCP in Manchuria and, 14.1, 14.2, 15.1

  CCP strategy in, 14.1, 15.1, 16.1

  ceasefires and truces in, 16.1, 17.1

  Cold War politics and, 17.1, epl.1

  democracy rhetoric and, 11.1, 12.1, 13.1, 14.1, 16.1, 16.2, 17.1, 17.2

  disruptions of the truce in

  failure of diplomacy in

  fighting of, 347, 16.1, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3

  Japan’s surrender and, 12.1, 14.1, 14.2

  KMT military in

  Manchuria’s role in, 14.1, 15.1, 16.1, 17.1, 17.2

  Marshall mission and, 16.1, 17.1

  negotiations between Chiang and Mao in

  public opinion and, 17.1, epl.1

  Soviet occupation of Manchuria and, 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 11.1, 12.1, 12.2, 13.1, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, epl.1

  student demonstrations in, 16.1, 17.1

  U.S. aid and, 6.1, 11.1

  U.S. intelligence operations and

  U.S. Marine deployment and, 14.1, 15.1, 16.1, 17.1, epl.1, epl.2

  U.S. policy debates and, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 15.1, 16.1

  U.S. White Paper on China and

  Clubb, O. Edmund

  Cold War, 9.1, 11.1, 17.1

  Chinese civil war and, 14.1, 15.1, 15.2, epl.1

  Churchill’s speech on, 8.1, 17.1

  Kennan’s containment strategy of

  Mao’s lean toward the Soviets in

  Comintern (Communist International), 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 11.1

  Communist Party of China (CCP), 1.1, 2.1

  American hopes for, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1, 7.1, 10.1, 11.1, epl.1

  Anti-Rightist Campaign of, 11.1

  area of control of, 4.1, 4.2, 6.1, 14.1

  Dixie Mission to, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 5.1, 6.1, 9.1, 9.2, 10.1, 11.1

  first United Front of, 4.1, 9.1, 13.1

  Hundred Regiments Offensive of, 9.1, 10.1, 14.1

  Hurley’s negotiations with, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 7.1, 10.1, 11.1

  icons and symbols of

  intelligence network of, 7.1, 11.1

  Jiangxi campaigns of, 4.1, 4.2, 9.1, 17.1

  KMT’s official policies toward, 4.1, 4.2

  Long March of, 4.1, 4.2, 6.1, 9.1, 17.1

  in Manchuria, 14.1, 14.2, 15.1, 16.1, 17.1

  Marshall’s negotiations with, 16.1, 17.1

  membership in, 4.1, 5.1

  Moscow faction of, 5.1, 9.1

  New Fourth Route Army of, 9.1, 11.1, 13.1, 15.1

  origins of, 4.1, 9.1, 9.2

  political goals of, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 6.1, 7.1, 9.1, 9.2, 11.1

  popular support of, 10.1, 12.1, 14.1

  pre-WWII campaigns of, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 4.1

  propaganda of, 11.1, 14.1, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3

  Rectification Campaign of, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 9.1, 11.1, epl.1

  Red Army of, 2.1, 2.2, 6.1, 9.1, 14.1

  request for American cooperation by, 7.1, 9.1, 9.2

  ruthless totalitarianism of, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 9.1, 12.1, 17.1

  saving of U.S. airmen by, 4.1, 10.1, 14.1, 14.2

  secret police of, 4.1, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2

  Seventh National Representative Congress of, 11.1, 13.1, 14.1

  Soviet support of, 2.1, 2.2, 4.1, 5.1, 9.1, 9.2, 16.1, 17.1, epl.1

  United Front against Japan of, 2.1, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 9.1

  war against Japan of, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 6.1, 7.1, 10.1, 11.1, 13.1, 14.1, 14.2

  Yenan headquarters of, 1.1, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3

  Zhou’s public opinion campaign of, 4.1, 6.1

  See also civil war; Eighth Route Army; Mao Zedong; People’s Republic of China; Sino-American relations; Zhou Enlai

  Communist University of Toilers of the East

  Confucianism

  Coolidge, F. L.

  Coward, Noël

  Cromley, Raymond, 4.1, 7.1

  Cultural Revolution, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1, 11.1, epl.1, epl.2

  Currie, Lauchlin, 4.1, 11.1

  Da Gung Bao newspaper, 17.1, epl.1

  Dai Qing

  Dalian, 13.1, 14.1, 15.1, 17.1

  Davies, John Paton

  Amerasia Affair and

  on Chiang, 6.1, 6.2

  Dixie Mission of, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 6.1

  on Hurley, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 7.1

  Hurley’s blame of, 7.1, 8.1, 10.1, 15.1, epl.1

  Kahn’s interview of

  Moscow posting of, 10.1, 10.2

  on Soviet expansion in Asia, 8.1, 8.2, 13.1, 13.2

  on Tai Li

  on U.S. China policies, 4.1, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 14.1, epl.1

  on U.S. intelligence services

  Democratic Daily newspaper

  Democratic League, 6.1, 17.1, 17.2, epl.1

  Deng Xiaoping

  dialectical reasoning

  Dimitrov, Georgi, 9.1, 11.1

  Ding Huikang

  Ding Ling, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3

  Dixie Mission, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 9.1, 9.2, 11.1, 14.1

  Hurley’s blame of, 7.1, 8.1, 10.1, 10.2, 11.1

  Hurley’s diplomacy and

  OSS activity and

  policy recommendations of, 5.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3

  Service’s reports for, 10.1, 11.1

  Dobbins, Charles G., 6.1, 6.2

  Dolan, Brooke

  Dong Biwu

  Dong Luoyu

  Donovan, William “Wild Bill,”, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 11.1, 11.2, 14.1

  Dorn, Frank, 2.1, 2.2, 4.1, 6.1

  Dower, John

  Drumright, Everett, 13.1, 15.1, 15.2

  Duffus, R. L.

  Duolun

  Durdin, Tillman, 1.1, 4.1, 4.2, 14.1

  Eifler, Carl F.

  Eighth Route Army, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 7.1, 11.1

  American airmen and, 4.1, 14.1, 14.2

  area of control of

  in Changchun

  in Manchuria, 13.1, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 15.1, 15.2, 17.1

  popular acceptance of

  Snow’s experiences with, 4.1, 4.2

  Spaniel Mission and, 11.1, 14.1

  Eisenhower, Dwight D., 8.1, 14.1

  Emmerson, John

  Epstein, Israel

  Fairbank, John K., 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 6.1

  on China’s civil war

  Hurley’s blame of

  on Miles and SACO, 6.1, 6.2

  famines of 1941–1943

  famines of 1959–1962

  Feis, Herbert, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 10.1

  Fei Xiaotung, 17.1, epl.1

  Fifteen Demands

  Forman, Harrison, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1, 5.2, 7.1

  Forrestal, James F., 14.1, 15.1, 15.2

  Frillman, Paul

  From the Great Wall to Mukden

  Fu Yang

  Gao Gang

  Gao Hua, 5.1, 5.2

  Gauss, Clarence E.

  on the CCP

  on Chiang and the KMT, 2.1, 2.2, 4.1, 4.2

  on Hurley

  on Tai Li

  Gellhorn, Martha, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3

  Gillem, Alvan C.

&
nbsp; Gong Peng

  Goodridge, George L.

  Gormley, John J.

  Greene, Phil

  Gromyko, Andrei A.

  Gross, Mervin E.

  Guangdong famine

  Guangxi Clique

  Guilin airfield

  Guo Morou

  Gu Shunzhang

  Guye

  Hai Rui Dismissed from Office (Wu Han)

  Hanson, Haldore

  Han Suyin

  Hao Pengju

  Harbin

  Harrelson, Ray

  Harriman, W. Averell, 4.1, 8.1, 8.2, 13.1, epl.1

  Hatem, George

  Haydon, Joseph Ralston

  Hearn, T. G.

  Helm, R. H.

  Henan famine

  Henry Pu-yi, 3.1, 17.1

  Heppner, Richard

  He Yingqin, 10.1, 12.1

  He Zizhen, 9.1, 9.2

  Hilman, Robert, Jr.

  Hirohito, Emperor of Japan, 3.1, 13.1

  Hiroshima

  History of the CPSU (Bolshevik), Short Course (Stalin)

  Hitler-Stalin Pact, 3.1, 8.1, 9.1

  Ho Chi Minh, 7.1, 9.1, 11.1

  Hong Kong

  Hoover, Herbert

  Hopkins, Harry

  Ho Ying-chin, 4.1, 6.1, 17.1

  Hsiung Shih-hui

  Hsu Yung-chang

  Hu Feng, 12.1, 17.1

  Hull, Cordell, 4.1, 4.2

  Humane Endeavor: The Story of the China War (Hanson)

  the Hump, 1.1, 1.2, 10.1, 14.1

  Hundred Flowers Campaign

  Hundred Regiments Offensive, 9.1, 10.1, 14.1

  Hundred Years of Humiliation

  The Hunger Years (Wang Ruowang)

  Hurley, Patrick J., 2.1, 4.1, 5.1, 6.1, 15.1

  access to FDR of

  blame of Foreign Service experts by, 7.1, 10.1, 10.2, 11.1, 11.2, 15.1, epl.1

  in China policy debates, 10.1, 11.1, 14.1, 14.2, 15.1

  civil war and

  on Mao’s request for military cooperation

  negotiations of, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 7.1, 11.1, 13.1, 14.1

  resignation of

  Soviet expansion in Asia and

  Ichigo campaign, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 4.2, 6.1, 7.1, 10.1

  Inglis, Thomas B.

  Inside Red China (Nym Wales [H. Snow])

  International Society for Aid to Revolutionaries

  Jacoby, Annalee

  Jaffe, Philip

  Jaio-jiao

  Japan

  Anti-Comintern Pact of

  apology to China by

  Fifteen Demands of

  imperial ambitions of, 3.1, 4.1, 12.1

  Pearl Harbor attack by, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 9.1

  potential Allied invasion of, 7.1, 8.1, 11.1

  Qingdao colony of, 12.1

  Russo-Japanese War of, 3.1, 8.1, 9.1

  Soviet Neutrality Pact with, 9.1, 11.1, 12.1

  Twenty-One Demands of, 12.1, 17.1

  See also Manchuria; Sino-Japanese War; World War II

  Japanese People’s Emancipation League

  Jiang Qing, 4.1, 5.1, 7.1, 9.1, 13.1

  Jones, Louis R.

  Jones, Louis V.

  Judd, Walter

  Kahn, E. J., 10.1, 11.1

  Kangde Palace, 17.1, 17.2

  Kang Sheng, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 9.1, 11.1, 11.2, epl.1, epl.2

  Katyn Forest

  Keguan magazine

  Kennan, George, 10.1, 15.1

  on Hurley

  on Marshall’s mission

  on Soviet containment

  on Soviet expansion, 8.1, 8.2

  on Soviet invasion of Manchuria, 13.1, epl.1

  Kennedy, John F., 2.1, 4.1, 15.1

  Khrushchev, Nikita

  Kim Il Sung, 9.1, 11.1

  King, Ernest, 6.1, 8.1

  Kissinger, Henry

  KMT. See Kuomintang

  Korea

  Russo-Japanese War and

  UN War in, itr.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 11.1

  Kumagai Yasushi

  Kundera, Milan

  Kung, H. H., 6.1, 9.1

  Kunming, 10.1, 16.1

  Kuomintang (KMT)

  American connections of

  campaigns against CCP of, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 4.1

  capital at Chungking of, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2, 6.1

  capital at Hankou of

  capital at Nanjing of, 2.1, 3.1, 15.1

  constitutional assembly and, 17.1

  coup of 1927 of, 2.1, 4.1, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3

  dictatorship of, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 6.1, 11.1, 14.1

  first United Front of, 4.1, 9.1, 13.1

  Hurley’s negotiations with, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3

  military forces of, 3.1, 4.1, 6.1, 6.2, 14.1

  Northern Expedition of, 2.1, 2.2

  official policies toward the CCP of, 4.1, 4.2

  official Soviet policies toward, 9.1, 9.2, 10.1, 13.1, 14.1, 15.1, 16.1

  origins of, 2.1, 2.2, 4.1, 9.1, 12.1

  privileged elite of, 17.1, 17.2

  public opinion of, 12.1, 14.1, 17.1, epl.1

  retreat to Taiwan of

  secret police and intelligence network of, 6.1, 11.1, 11.2, 12.1, 16.1, 17.1, epl.1

  Sixth Conference of

  United Front against Japan of, 2.1, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2

  See also Chiang Kai-shek; civil war; Sino-American relations; Sino-Japanese War; World War II

  Kwantung Army, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 13.1

  Kweiyang

  Lao She

  Lary, Diana

  Lattimore, Owen, 2.1, 4.1, 12.1, 15.1, epl.1

  League of Left-Wing Writers, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 17.1

  Leahy, William D.

  Lenin, Vladimir

  See also Marxism-Leninism

  Lerner, Max

  Levine, Steven I., 9.1, 9.2

  Liaoning aircraft carrier

  Liberation Daily newspaper

  on the Amerasia Affair

  on American imperialism

  on American Marines, 14.1, 17.1

  on Chiang and civil war

  on the Dixie Mission

  on Hurley

  on Marshall

  on Soviet occupation of Manchuria

  Lieberman, Henry A., 16.1, 17.1

  life expectancy rates

  Li Gung-pu

  Li Na

  Lin Biao, 4.1, 9.1, 14.1, 14.2

  Lindsay, Michael

  Little Red Book

  Liu Qunying, 3.1, 3.2

  Liu Shaoqi, 9.1, 9.2, 11.1, 13.1, 14.1

  Liu Xiaobo

  Liuzhou airfield

  Li Zongren

  Locke, Victor, Jr.

  Long March, 4.1, 4.2, 6.1, 9.1, 17.1

  Luce, Henry

  on Chiang Kai-shek, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 4.1, 5.1, 15.1

  on Japanese surrender

  on Yalta

  Ludden, Raymond P., 4.1, 4.2, 10.1, 10.2, 11.1, 17.1

  Lu Ling

  Lung Yun

  Lu Xun, 4.1, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4

  Lu Yi

  MacArthur, Douglas, 6.1, 8.1, 13.1

  Machiavelli, Nicolò

  Magruder, John

  Malinovsky, Rodion, 13.1, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3f, 14.4, 15.1, epl.1

  Manchu dynasty, 4.1, 4.2, 9.1

  Manchuria (Manchuko)

  CCP’s military occupation of, 14.1, 14.2, 15.1, 16.1, 17.1

  civil war role of, 14.1, 15.1, 16.1, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3

  Japan’s puppet state in, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 9.1, 11.1, 12.1, 12.2, 13.1, 14.1, 14.2, 17.1

  map of, f

  Mukden Incident in, 3.1, 3.2, 6.1, 12.1

  Russo-Japanese War and

  Sino-Japanese War and, 3.1, 3.2, 9.1

  Soviet control of, 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 11.1, 12.1, 12.2, 13.1, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 16.1, 17.1, epl.1

  Soviet withdrawal from

  strategic importance of

  U.S. intelligence operations in

  See also civil war

  Mansfield, Mike, 2.1, 4.1

  Mao Zedong, 1.1, 2.1
, 5.1

  biographies of

  break with Soviets of, 9.1, 9.2, 13.1, 13.2

  Cold War politics and

  deification of, 4.1, 11.1, 11.2

  Forman’s coverage of

  Hurley’s negotiations with, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 7.1, 11.1, 13.1, 14.1

  Little Red Book of

  Marshall’s negotiations with, 16.1, 16.2, 17.1

  New Democracy speech of, 11.1, 14.1

  Nixon’s meeting with

  obedience to Stalin of, 9.1, 11.1, 13.1, 15.1, epl.1

  personal traits of, 4.1, 5.1

  privileges of, 4.1, 5.1

  request for American military cooperation, 7.1, 9.1, 9.2

  revolutionary ideology of

  rivals of, 5.1, 5.2, 9.1, 11.1

  ruthless totalitarianism of, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 9.1, 17.1, epl.1

  Snow’s interviews with, 4.1, 4.2

  on suffering and the national good

  Yalta Conference and

  on Zhang’s kidnapping of Chiang Kai-shek

  See also civil war; Communist Party of China; People’s Republic of China; Sino-American relations; Sino-Japanese War; World War II

  Marco Polo Bridge Incident, 3.1, 3.2, 6.1, 10.1, 12.1

  Marshall, George C., 2.1, 2.2, 14.1, 16.1f

  CCP propaganda on

  civil war negotiations of, 16.1, 17.1

  McCarthy’s investigation of

  posting to China of, 15.1, 15.2

  Marshall Plan

  Marx, Karl

  Marxism-Leninism, 9.1, 11.1

  dialectical reasoning of

  on imperialism and capitalism, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3

  on left-adventurism

  revolutionary vanguards in, 9.1, 11.1

  study in Moscow of

  The Masses magazine

  May, Gary

  May Fourth Movement, 9.1, 16.1

  Ma Yinchu, 6.1, 12.1, 12.1, 17.1, epl.1

  McCarthy, Joseph

  McClure, Robert B., 6.1, 7.1, 8.1, 10.1, 10.2, 11.1

  Mei Huangzao, 12.1, epl.1

  Mei Zhi

  Melby, John

  on Hurley, 6.1, 15.1

  on Malinovsky

  on Marshall’s mission, 16.1, 16.2, 17.1

  on student demonstrations in Kunming

  Merrill, Frank

  Metzel, J. C.

  Meyer, Eugene

  Miles, Milton “Mary,” 159–66

  Miller, W. J.

  Molotov, Vyacheslav, 1.1, 4.1, 6.1, 8.1, 9.1, 10.1

  Moscow faction of CCP, 5.1, 9.1

  Mukden (Shenyang), col2.1, 3.1, 4.1

  Eighth Route Army in, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3

  KMT takeover of

  Mukden Incident, 3.1, 3.2, 6.1, 12.1

  Nagasaki

  name transcriptions, col2.1

  Nanjing, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 4.1

  National People’s Party (Nationalists). See Kuomintang

  Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact, 3.1, 8.1, 9.1

  New China Daily newspaper, 17.1, 17.2

  Newell, Isaac

  New Fourth Army Incident

  New Fourth Route Army, 9.1, 11.1, 13.1, 15.1

  Ngo Dinh Diem

  Nineteen Eighty-Four (Orwell)

  Nixon, Richard M.

  Northern Expedition, 2.1, 2.2

 

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