by Philip Short
and Mitterrand, 308, 427, 459, 555n, 569
and 1988 election, 426, 452–3, 457–8, 460–1, 562, 653nn23 & 26
Barril, Captain Paul, 642n38
Barrin, Pierre, 59
Barrois, Marcel, 67–70, 76, 84–5, 88–90, 99, 102, 104, 604nn14–15, 606n29
Barsimantov, Yakov, 640n25
Baudouin, Denis, 435, 455–6
Baylet, Evelyne, 235n
Baylot, Jean, 162–5, 167, 619–21nn28–9, 31, 39 & 41
Bayrou, François, 587
BCRA (Bureau Central de Renseignements et d’Action), 88, 91, 583, 607n34, 608–9n45
Beauchamp, Georges, x, 6, 129–30, 211
in wartime, 51, 101, 126, 612–13n71
political role, 156, 220, 226, 617n4, 625–6n39
de Beaufort, Alain, 85
Béchard, Paul, 155
Beg an Fry, 97
Begin, Menachem, 340–4, 352, 639n18
Beheshti, Ayatollah Mohammed, 348
Beirut, 347
and Israeli invasion, 341–3
terrorism, 345, 350–2, 524, 583, 639nn21 & 30, 641n32
hostage-taking, 412, 414–15, 419–20, 448, 649–50n53
Belarus, 511
Belgium, 31, 44, 214, 330, 363, 462n, 538, 639–40n23, 659n56
Belsen, 75, 611n63
Benamou, Georges-Marc, 186, 566, 570, 609n50, 660–1(Ch16)n1, 661nn7–8
Ben Barka, 410–11
Ben Bella, Ahmed, 173, 184–5, 386, 585, 622n3
Benda, Julien, 31
Bénet, Jacques, 26, 28–9, 32, 125–6, 156, 615n15
and anti-Semitism, 74–5
and PoWs, 67, 70, 603–4nn8–9
and RNPG, 79, 83–4, 88, 90, 93, 99, 101, 606–7nn29 & 35, 609n47, 611nn64–5
and MNPGD, 99–100, 612n69
Bénin, 150, 494, 618n13
Benoist, Daniel, 201, 218
de Bénouville, Pierre Guillain, 22, 36–7, 453, 578, 598–9n8
and extreme Right, 26, 29, 599–600n20
and Resistance, 72, 81, 558
Bérégovoy, Pierre, 423, 496, 506
at Elysée, 319–20, 383, 637(Ch11)n3, 643n50
and premiership, 370–2, 391, 465, 504–5, 507, 529
and financial scandals, 486, 487n, 529–30
suicide, 531–2, 558–9, 592, 659–60n58
Bergé, Pierre, 321, 661n8
Berlinguer, Enrico, 293–4
Bernanos, Georges, 211
Berthoin, Jean, 624n27
Bertin, Jean, 84, 103, 117, 156
Bertinotti, Dominique, x, 593
Besse, Georges, 462, 462n
Bettencourt, André, 6, 40, 129, 161, 599–600n20
in Resistance, 79, 84, 608n44
and Mitterrand’s political ambitions, 88, 235n, 279n, 608n43, 610n53
Bettencourt, Liliane (née Schueller), 235n
Bianco, Jean-Louis, 383, 434–5, 447, 488, 492, 506, 643n50, 645n18
Bidault, Georges, 207, 615n22
as Resistance leader, 109–10
and premiership, 149, 189–90, 617n1, 623n22
and North Africa, 171–2, 586
Bigeard, Colonel Marcel, 188
Biget, Jacques, 58
Billères, René, 253, 276, 624n27, 632n28
Billoux, François, 613n72
Birkin, David, 610n59
Birkin, Jane, 379, 610n59
Bismarck, Otto von, 383
Bitche, 41
Bitterlin, Joachim, 654n14
Blocq-Masquart, Maxime, 611n67
Blum, Léon, 146, 267, 308,
and Popular Front, 31, 272
as Prime Minister (1945–46), 138, 140, 614–15n12, 617n1, 619n21
de Boissieu, Alain, 313
Bokassa, Jean-Bedel, 1, 306
Bolivia, 556
Bongo, Omar, 492n
Bonnefous, Édouard, 619nn24 & 26, 623n20
Bonnet, Yves, 401, 411, 647n29
Borgeaud, Henri, 173, 176
Borker, Jules, 630n16
Bosnia–Herzegovina, 523–6, 543–9, 552, 659n56
Boublil, 487n
Bourdet, Claude, 81, 87, 92, 168, 185
and torture, 177–8
Bourgès-Maunoury, Maurice, 189
and Mitterrand, 185–6, 188, 623nn18 & 21
and Observatory Affair, 7, 205, 597nn5–6, 626–7nn3–4 & 7
and Algeria, 182–3, 186–7
Bourgeois, Jacques, 99, 104–5, 117, 611–13nn64 & 71
Bourguiba, Habib, 170, 172
Bousquet, René, 73, 97, 127
and Mitterrand, 86, 235n, 279n, 555–8, 565–7, 581, 607n32
Boutros-Ghali, Boutros, 541
Bouvyer, Antoinette, 30, 101, 128
Bouvyer, Jean, 29–30, 101, 128, 600n21
Bradley, General Omar, 107
BRAL (Bureau de Renseignements et d’Action, Londres), 91, 583, 607n31, 609n49
Brandt, Willy, 307, 315, 568, 581
Braunschweig, Edgar, 597n5, 627–8nn6 & 9–10
Breguet, Bruno, 640n24
Brezhnev, Leonid, 292–3, 310, 317, 326, 328, 330–1, 337, 396–7
Briquemont, General Francis, 546
Buckley, William Jnr., 412
Buckmaster, Colonel Maurice, 89–90, 610–11n62
Bugeaud, Pierre, 125–6, 615n15
Bujon de l’Estang, François, 435–6, 461
Bulganin, Nikolai, 186
Burke, Edmund, 410
Burundi, 537, 540
Bush, George H. W., 470, 479, 507, 526–7, 536, 655n28, 657n43
and Mitterrand 322–5, 472–4, 482–3, 497–502, 508–10, 513–14, 544–5, 568–70, 656nn33 & 35, 658–9n55
and break-up of Soviet empire, 471, 508, 511
and US military presence in Europe, 513–15, 658–9n55
Bush, George W., 177n, 410
Cado, Henri, 86
[La] Cagoule, 9, 29–30, 72, 128, 203, 554, 565, 599–600n20
Cahier, Édith, x, 21, 30, 41, 595, 598–9n8
Cahier, Paul, 64, 80
Caillard, Ginette, 78, 89, 112, 114, 608n44
Cailliau, Michel, 95, 97, 104, 585, 605–7nn24, 29 & 34, 610n61, 612n69
and Montmaur group, 69, 78–9, 606n29
and de Gaulle, 80–2, 88, 92, 610n56
and Frenay, 83, 99, 139, 611n65
and MNPGD, 93, 99–100, 119, 611nn64 & 66
and BCRA, 87–8, 91, 608–9n45
Cambodia, 323, 541, 639n22
Camdessus, Michel, 370, 643n50
Camus, Albert, 103
Canada, 247, 403, 640n27
Le Canard enchaîné, 233, 286, 306, 355n, 529–30
Capitant, René, 154
Carillo, Santiago, 293–4
Carlos (Ilich Ramirez Sanchez), 345, 639–40nn24–5, 653n26
Carrington, Lord, 520
Cartel des Gauches, 19
Carter, Jimmy, 296, 318n, 329–30, 348, 360, 416
Cartier, 119, 614 n7
Carton, Danièle, 414, 418
Carton, Marcel, 414, 418, 428, 449, 463, 649–50n53
Casanova, Giacomo, 14, 209
Casanova, Laurent, 140
Casey, William, 401, 414, 638n7
Castro, Fidel, 284, 579
Catholic Church, 31, 324, 386–9, 556–7, 576
Catoire, Gilles, 267
Catroux, General Georges, 181–2
Caucasus, 511
Cazes, Roger, 277
Ceaus̗escu, Nicolae, 226n, 492
Centre for Institutional Action, 226
CERES (Centre for Socialist Study and Research), 275, 289, 298–9, 301, 583
Cervantes, Miguel de, 393
CFDT (Socialist Trades Union Federation), 289, 583, 633n36
CGT (Communist Trades Union Confederation), 119, 322, 396, 583
and 1947–1948 strikes, 144–5
and ‘May 68’, 249
Chaban-Delmas, Jacques, 166, 188, 208, 289, 424, 430, 467, 626n3
and Resistance, 558, 578
and de Gaulle, 255, 613n76, 626n42
and 1974 presidential election, 278–81
and Bousquet, 555–6
Chad, 151–2, 200, 491, 493
Chadli Bendjedid, 493
Chagall, Marc, 3
Chalandon, Albin, 2, 432, 445
Chalet, Marcel, 326, 401
de Chalvron, Bernard, 77, 81, 86–7, 104
Chamberlain, Neville, 37–40, 44, 127, 139, 478
de Champeaux, Denys, 134
Channel Tunnel, 561–2
Chantiers de Jeunesse, 77
Chapman, Christian, 640n25
Charasse, Michel, 389, 465, 506, 531, 573, 579
Chardonne, Jacques, 22, 599n12
Charles, Prince, 579
Charrette network, see MRPGD
Charvet, Paul, 52–3, 602n13
Chataigneau, Yves, 172
Chateaubriand, François-René de, 32, 211, 256
Chayet, Claude, 637n3
Chenal, Pierre, 147
de la Chénelière, Ernoul, 96
Cheney, Richard, 501, 527, 656n35
Chernenko, Konstantin, 317, 396, 398–400, 404n, 646nn26–27
Chervonenko, Stepan, 290
Chevance-Bertin, General Maurice, 618n19
Chevènement, Jean-Pierre, 275, 289, 298, 301–2, 314, 558, 583
and Congress of Épinay, 265–8, 276
and EMS, 366–8, 370n
as Defence Minister, 465, 496, 499
de Chevigné, Pierre, 110, 613n76
Cheysson, Claude, x, 322–3, 325, 328, 342–3, 400, 639n17
China, 158, 160, 239, 248, 250, 440, 536, 541
visits by Mitterrand, 211, 304, 375, 628n16, 656–7n42
Chirac, Jacques, x, 295, 389, 391, 455n, 468, 505, 526, 566, 643n52, 645n17
and Pompidou, 243, 279
and Iran, 422, 428, 448, 450–2, 650–1nn54 & 60, 652–3nn12, 14–17, 19 & 27
and Middle East terrorism, 448–9, 451–2, 462–3, 652n12, 653n26
and RPR, 275n, 469, 586
(1981) presidential election, 304–5, 307, 309–10, 316–17
(1986) elections and named Prime Minister, 424–9, 430–2
and Mitterrand (personal), 435–6, 455–6, 505, 563, 569, 578–80, 655n24
and Mitterrand (cohabitation), 431–9, 442, 444–6, 450–4, 458, 533–4, 651nn2 & 4
economic and social policy, 442–6, 652n10
and nuclear deterrence, 438–9, 442, 536–7, 537n
and New Caledonia, 446–7, 464
and 1988 presidential election, 457–64, 653n23 & 25–6
and Fifth Republic constitution, 393, 629n3
and Africa, 492n, 655n27
and 1995 presidential election, 507, 533–4, 536, 562–3, 566
von Choltitz, General Dietrich, 107–9
Christian Democrat Party (MRP), 146, 180, 189–90, 197, 218, 236, 258, 615n22
in tripartite governments (1945–1947), 130, 134, 137, 139, 385
and Third Force (1947–51) 156, 228, 385
and Africa, 151, 155, 171–2, 177
and Mitterrand, 132, 135, 144, 147, 155, 207, 226, 238, 242, 616–17nn28–9
Christopher, Warren, 545, 547
Churchill, Winston, 44, 587, 599n16
and de Gaulle, 71, 80, 93–4, 215
and Europe, 157–8, 329, 380, 512
CIA, 335, 338, 400–401, 546, 584, 638n8, 646n28
and Farewell, 326–7, 638n10, 647n29
and Middle East, 350, 412, 414, 638n7, 641n34
Clark, John, 629n1
Claude, Georges, 67
Claudius-Petit, Eugène, 81, 139, 143, 153–4, 161,
Clayeux, Louis, 31
Clemenceau, Georges, 14, 88, 453
Clinton, Bill, 526, 536, 545–6, 548–9, 658–9n55
Clipperton Island, 378
Clochemerle, 147
Club des Jacobins, 220, 226–7
CNIP (National Centre for Independents and Peasants), 161, 623n24
CNPG (Comité National de Prisonniers de Guerre), 92, 99, 583–5, 609n48, 611n64, 615–16n23
COCOM, 335, 584, 658–9n55
cohabitation, 13, 392, 426, 429–31, 468, 490
(1986–88) Mitterrand–Chirac, 431–9, 442, 444, 446, 450–2, 454, 458, 651nn2 & 4
(1993–95) Mitterrand–Balladur, 533–4, 536–7
Cohn-Bendit, Daniel, 249–50, 445,
633n38
Colbert, Jean-Baptiste, 222
Cold War, 137, 146, 158–9, 162, 235n, 272, 282, 584
and Communist–Socialist alliance, 272, 283
draws to a close, 399, 442, 481, 511, 513, 536, 568
Colette (Sidonie-Gabrielle), 23
Coluche (Michel Colucci), 321
Combat, 72, 80–1, 168, 616n24
Commonwealth of Independent States, see Russia
Communist Party, 50, 129, 140, 145–6, 161, 196, 230, 242–3, 254–5, 260, 275n, 296, 368, 395, 429, 468, 531, 583–4, 605n21, 646n21
in wartime, 65, 69, 72, 77, 83, 92, 94n, 99, 101, 118–22, 125–6
(1944–47) in government, 118, 130, 134, 137, 139, 144
seen as threat to French State, 144–5, 158–9, 162, 164–6, 235n, 281, 312
and RDA, 151–2
(1954) Leaks Affair, 163, 165–6
and de Gaulle, 180, 192, 361
and Mitterrand 13, 26, 31, 119, 128, 132–6, 140–3, 145, 147, 159, 189–90, 197–8, 201, 228–31, 238, 242–3, 250, 252, 257–8, 261–3, 267, 270–4, 276, 290–8, 302, 313, 330, 430, 580–1, 615–17nn23 & 29, 625–6n39, 630–2nn13 & 25, 636nn20–1 & 23
and Moscow, 230–1, 239, 272, 290, 292–3, 295, 306–7, 636n23
and 1965 presidential election, 232, 234, 235n, 239–40
and 1969 presidential election, 258–9, 270
and 1974 presidential election, 277–8, 279n, 280, 282, 290, 635–6nn12 & 20–21
and 1981 presidential election, 304, 308–10
(1981–84) in government with Socialists, 322–5, 328, 366–7, 372, 374, 394–6, 468
and rise of National Front, 424–5, 530, 650n56
and 1988 presidential election, 459, 464
and 1995 presidential election, 550
Communist Party (Italy), 292–4
Communist Party (Portugal), 292
Communist Party (Spain), 292–3
Compagnons de France, 77
Congo, Democratic Republic of [Zaire] [ex-Belgian], 492, 537–8, 542–4, 660n2
Congo, Republic of [ex-French], 151, 175, 200, 491
Constitutional Council, 221
Convention of Republican Institutions, 226, 231, 235, 248, 274, 299, 301, 466, 504, 632n28
in parliament, 243, 256
and Socialist Party, 264–8, 634–5n8
Copeau, Pascal, 81, 87, 616n24
le Corbeiller, Jacques, 64, 80
Cornuau, Jean, 121–2
Cotta, Michèle, 260
Coty, René, 180, 183, 189, 194–5, 555, 619–20nn29 & 35, 634n42 and Mitterrand, 163, 166, 189–91, 623–5nn22–8 & 35, 630n13
Council of State, 221–2, 629n4
[The] Count of Paris, 31, 69
Coursol, Pierre, 104, 604n14
Couve de Murville, Maurice, 86, 257
Le Crapouillot, 226, 532
Craxi, Bettino, 315
Cresson, Édith, x, 305, 369, 372, 637(Ch11)n3
as Prime Minister, 504–7, 530, 656n39
Croatia, 519–23, 525, 544, 546, 548, 658n53
La Croix, 166
Croix de Feu, 26, 61
CSCE ([Helsinki] Conference on European Security and Cooperation), 398–9, 477, 481, 483–4, 511, 514, 584, 655n21, 658–9n55
CSPPA (Support Committee for Arab and Middle Eastern Political Prisoners), 421, 427, 448, 584
Cuba, 284, 307
Czechoslovakia, 471, 473–4, 478–9
(1938) German invasion 38, 40
(1968) Soviet invasion, 257, 259, 270, 634n5
Dachau, 102, 125–6, 615nn15–1
6
Daily Mail, 95
Daladier, Édouard, 37, 39–40, 44, 63, 127, 134, 201, 479
Dalle, François, 21, 26, 32, 38–40, 129, 368, 486–7, 487n, 600n24
and Observatory Affair, 6, 8, 217
and Marie-Louise Terrasse, 34–5, 42
Daniel, Jean, 283, 567
Darnand, Joseph, 68, 97–8, 100, 127
Darquier de Pellepoix, Louis, 555–6
Dautun, Yves, 128
Dayan, Georges, 29, 34, 123, 150, 203, 209, 237, 241, 250, 253, 283, 303, 314–15, 454
in wartime, 39, 42–3, 55, 94
as confidant, 130, 132, 134, 136, 228, 296, 298, 610n53, 615–6nn20 & 23
political career, 147, 156, 220, 243
Dayan, Jean, 622n10
Déat, Marcel, 98
Debray, Régis, 356
Debré, Bernard, 659n57
Debré, Michel, 255, 626n3, 659n57
and Bazooka Affair, 1, 185, 205–6
and Mitterrand, 185, 204–7, 569, 627nn4–5, 7 & 9
Dechartre, Philippe, 229, 309–10, 558, 615–16n23
in wartime, 82–3, 99–101, 108–9, 117, 606nn26–7, 612–13n71
Decraene, Paulette, 235
Decraene, Philippe, 235
Defence Council, 160, 163–4, 166, 168, 439, 471, 480, 621n41
Defferre, Gaston, 160, 188, 199, 271, 282, 623n19, 635n12
1965 election campaign, 227–8, 231, 242, 630n15
1969 election, 258–9
and Socialist Party, 243, 256, 265–8, 275–6, 300, 423
as Interior Minister, 314, 316, 637(Ch11)n3, 640n24, 642n37, 655n24
Delage, Jean, 72, 600n22
Delamare, Louis, 345
Delaye, Bruno, 541
Delbecque, Léon, 191, 193, 207
Delestraint, General Charles, 94n
Deloncle, Eugène, 30
Delors, Jacques, 289, 550, 569
as Finance Minister, 314, 363, 365, 367, 370, 374–5, 392
and premiership, 371–2, 391
as EEC Commission President, 482, 510, 517–8
Delval, Charles, 104, 612–13n71
Democratic Party (US), 228, 275n, 466
Deng Xiaoping, 304, 375
Denmark, 40, 73n, 271, 381, 477, 518, 518n, 528
La Dépêche du midi, 235n
Despas, Louis, 19
Deteix, Louis, 618n16
Devaux, Louis, 119
DGSE (Direction Générale de Surveillance Extérieure), 353, 539, 584
and Middle East, 345, 347, 351
and Rainbow Warrior, 407–8, 410–11, 647–8nn36 & 38
Diab, Hassan, 640n27
Dides, Jean, 163–5, 167–8, 620nn35, 38–9 & 41, 627–8n10
Dobrowolsky, Georges, 87, 608n40
Domingo, Placido, 316
Doriot, Jacques, 31, 128, 223
Dostoevsky, Fyodor, 16, 32
Douste-Blazy, Philippe, 660n2
Dreyfus, Alfred, 1, 19
DST (Direction de surveillance du territoire), 3, 164–5, 167, 286, 353, 410, 584