by Paul Begg
38 Echo, 11 September 1888.
39 East London Observer, 15 September 1888.
40 Daily Telegraph, 13 September 1888.
41 Pall Mall Gazette, 10 September 1888; East London Advertiser, 15 September 1888.
42 MEPO 3/140, ff. 24–5 (National Archives).
Chapter 4: ‘How can they catch me now?’
1 Daily Telegraph, 22 September 1888.
2 East London Observer, 27 October 1888.
3 William Fishman, East End 1888 (London: Duckworth, 1988; Nottingham: Five Leaves, 2005).
4 Letter from ‘A Ratepayer’, Daily Telegraph, 21 September 1888.
5 Alan Palmer, The East End (London: John Murray, 1989).
6 East London Observer, 15 September 1888.
7 Lloyd’s Weekly News, 9 September 1888.
8 Others being the Pall Mall Gazette, Lloyd’s Weekly News and the Illustrated Police News.
9 Star, 13 September 1888.
10 East London Advertiser, 22 September 1888.
11 Daily Telegraph, 17 September 1888.
12 Star, 17 September 1888.
13 Pall Mall Gazette, 11 September 1888.
14 MEPO 3/142, docket 244, ff. 5–6 (National Archives).
15 MEPO 3/3183, ff. 2–4 (National Archives).
16 MEPO 3/3183, f. 1 (National Archives).
Chapter 5: ‘No, not tonight, some other night’
1 Paul Begg, Jack the Ripper: The Facts (London: Robson, 2004).
2 Inquest testimony of Charles Preston and Michael Kidney; The Times, 4 October 1888.
3 Begg, Jack the Ripper, p. 138.
4 Census report 1881.
5 Much information about this period of Elizabeth’s life can be gleaned from Neal Shelden, The Victims of Jack the Ripper (Knoxville: Inklings Press, 2007).
6 The Times, 4 October 1888.
7 ‘Payments to the Poor’ book at the Swedish church. Found by Klaus Lithner.
8 Daily Telegraph, 4 October 1888.
9 East London Advertiser, 13 October 1888.
10 Daily Telegraph, 4 October 1888.
11 Morning Advertiser, 4 October 1888.
12 All reports and thus subsequent books refer to him as ‘J. Best’, living at 82 Lower Chapman Street. However, he was very likely John Bass, recorded there in numerous electoral registers until his death in 1889.
13 London Evening News, 1 October 1888.
14 The Times, 6 October 1888.
15 HO 144/221/A49301C, ff. 148–59 (National Archives).
16 Evening News, Star, 1 October 1888.
17 The Times, 2 October 1888.
18 The Times, 4 October 1888.
19 Report by Donald Swanson, 19 October 1888; HO 144/221/A49301C, ff. 148–59 (National Archives).
20 Report by Inspector Abberline, 1 November 1888; MEPO 3/140/221/ A49301C, ff. 204–6 (National Archives).
21 Star, 1 October 1888.
22 Evening News, 1 October 1888.
23 Morning Advertiser, 3 October 1888.
24 The Times, 3 October 1888.
25 Daily Telegraph, 3 October 1888.
Chapter 6: ‘Good night, old cock’
1 Coroner’s Inquest (L), 1888, no. 135, Catherine Eddowes inquest 1888 (London Metropolitan Archives). The original signed statements by the inquest witnesses are still preserved and are used here unless otherwise indicated.
2 Transcriptions vary: the City Police version, taken by DC Halse, states: ‘The Juwes are not the men that will be blamed for nothing.’
3 Report by Inspector McWilliam, 27 October 1888; HO 144/221/A49301C, ff. 162–70 (National Archives).
4 Report by Superintendent Arnold, 6 November 1888; HO 144/221/A49301C, ff. 197–8 (National Archives).
5 Report by Sir Charles Warren, 6 November 1888, HO 144/221/A49301C, ff. 173–81 (National Archives).
6 Daily Chronicle, 1 September 1908.
7 Daily Telegraph, 2 October 1888.
8 Evening News, 1 October 1888.
9 The Times, 3 October 1888.
10 Echo, 4 October 1888.
11 Neal Shelden, The Victims of Jack the Ripper (Knoxville: Inklings Press, 2007).
12 1881 census.
13 Daily Telegraph, 12 October 1888.
14 Wolverhampton Chronicle, 10 October 1888.
15 Daily Telegraph, 5 October 1888.
16 Star, 3 October 1888.
17 Today’s Fournier Street.
18 The Times, 2 October 1888.
19 Report by Donald Swanson, 6 November 1888; HO 144/221/A49301C, ff. 184–94 (National Archives).
20 Star, 1 October 1888.
21 Evening News. 1 October 1888.
22 Daily Telegraph, 12 October 1888.
23 The Times, 5 October 1888.
24 Daily News, 2 October 1888.
Chapter 7: ‘O have you seen the devle?’
1 Star, 2 October 1888.
2 Official documents relating to the rewards debate can be found in HO 144/220/A49301B (National Archives).
3 Pall Mall Gazette, 8 October 1888.
4 Much official correspondence on the use of bloodhounds is to be found in HO 144/221/A49301E (National Archives).
5 Report by Donald Swanson, 19 October 1888; HO 144/221/A49301C, f. 147 (National Archives).
6 Evening News, 1 October 1888.
7 Daily Telegraph, 8 October 1888.
8 See Neil Bell, ‘Defenceless Whitechapel’, Ripperologist 95 (September 2008).
9 Report by Inspector James McWilliam, 27 October 1888; HO 144/221/A49301C, ff. 162–70 (National Archives).
10 Evening News, 19 October 1888.
11 Ibid.
12 Star, 19 October 1888.
13 Major Henry Smith, From Constable to Commissioner: The Story of Sixty Years, Most of Them Misspent (London: Chatto and Windus, 1910).
14 Atlanta Constitution, 5 October 1888; East London Observer, 20 October 1888; Evening News, 19 October 1888.
15 CLRO Police Box 3.16, no. 154 (London Metropolitan Archives).
16 Stewart P. Evans and Donald Rumbelow, Jack the Ripper: Scotland Yard Investigates (Stroud: Sutton, 2006).
Chapter 8: ‘I hope I may never see such a sight again’
1 Unless otherwise stated, information pertaining to witnesses in the Mary Kelly case is taken from the surviving inquest papers (MJ/SPC, NE1888, Box 3, Case Paper 19) held at the London Metropolitan Archives.
2 Star, 10 November 1888.
3 Dr Thomas Bond’s post-mortem report; MEPO 3/3153, ff. 10–18 (National Archives).
4 The Times, 10 November 1888.
5 Daily Telegraph, 10 November 1888.
6 East London Observer, Illustrated Police News, 17 November 1888; Manchester Guardian, Daily Telegraph, 10 November 1888.
7 Walter Dew, I Caught Crippen: Memoirs of Ex-Chief Inspector Walter Dew (London and Glasgow: Blackie and Son, 1938).
8 Sir Melville Macnaghten, Days of My Years (London: Edward Arnold, 1914).
9 Possibly Matilda Buckey, recorded at 1 George Street (later St George Street) in the 1881 census.
10 Star, 12 November 1888.
11 Most probably Mary McCarthy of 1 Breezer’s Hill, as recorded in the 1891 census.
12 Western Mail, 12 November 1888.
13 Mrs Harvey had stayed with Mary on a couple of previous nights and claimed that she was present when Joseph Barnett arrived on the evening of 8 November, apparently at 6.55, which conflicts with Lizzie Allbrook’s account and the claim by Elizabeth Foster that she had been drinking with Mary at the Ten Bells (Evening News, 12 November) or the Britannia (Evening Express, 12 November) the same evening until 7.05.
14 Daily Telegraph, 13 November 1888.
15 The Times, 10 November 1888.
16 Statement by George Hutchinson, 12 November 1888; MEPO 3/140, ff. 227–9 (National Archives).
17 Statements of Sarah Lewis and Elizabeth Prater from Kelly inquest papers, MJ/SPC, NE1888, Box 3, Case paper 19 (London Metropolitan Archives).
18 The Times, 10 November 1888; Illustrated Police News, 17 November 1888.
19 Daily Telegraph, 13 November 1888.
20 RA VIC/A67/19 (Royal Archives).
21 RA VIC/B40/82 (Royal Archives).
22 Dr Bond’s report, 10 November 1888; HO 144/221/A49301C, ff. 220–23 (National Archives).
Chapter 9: ‘Where have I been Dear Boss …’
1 Daily News, 20 November 1888.
2 The deleted expletive has never been ascertained.
3 The Times, 26 November 1888.
4 This correspondence can be found in HO 144/221/A49301H and MEPO 3/143 (National Archives).
5 Often referred to by that name in the press, it was owned by Thomas Tempany and consisted of a number of consecutive properties.
6 Report by Inspector Henry Moore, 17 July 1889; MEPO 3/140, ff. 294–7 (National Archives).
7 Report by Sergeant John McCarthy, 24 July 1889; MEPO 3/140, f. 278 (National Archives).
8 The Times, 18 July 1889.
9 Report by Detective Sergeant Albert Pearce; MEPO 3/140, f. 275 (National Archives).
10 Report by Dr Phillips, 22 July 1889; MEPO 3/140, ff. 263–71 (National Archives).
11 Report by Thomas Bond, 17 July 1889; MEPO 3/140, ff. 259–62 (National Archives).
12 Report by James Monro, 17 July 1889; HO 144/221/A49301I, ff. 5–6 (National Archives).
13 Sir Robert Anderson, The Lighter Side of My Official Life (London: Hodder and Stoughton 1910).
14 The Times, 16 February 1891.
15 Statement by James Sadler, 14 February 1891; MEPO 3/140, ff. 97–108 (National Archives).
16 MEPO 3/142, ff. 234–5 (National Archives).
Chapter 10: Murder and Motive
1 Sir Melville Macnaghten, Days of My Years (London: Edward Arnold, 1914).
2 T. G. Davey, MD, ‘Lectures on Insanity, Delivered at the Bristol Medical School During the Summer Session of 1855’, Association Medical Journal, 7 September 1855.
3 Star, 13 September 1888.
4 ‘The Whitechapel Murders’, British Medical Journal, 8 December 1888.
5 Evening News, 7 December 1888.
6 HO 144/221/A49301C, f. 225 (National Archives).
7 The Times, 27 September 1888.
8 Report by Sir Charles Warren, 19 September 1888; HO 144/221/A49301C, ff. 90–92 (National Archives).
9 Unsigned report by Sergeant William Thick, 17 September 1888; MEPO 3/140, ff. 21–3 (National Archives).
10 Report by Inspector Frederick Abberline, 19 September 1888; MEPO 3/140, ff. 24–8 (National Archives).
11 Echo, 19 September 1888.
12 The Times, 19 September 1888.
13 Report by Sir Charles Warren, 7 November 1888; HO 144/221/A49301C, ff. 200–201 (National Archives).
14 Evening News, 31 August 1888.
15 Michael Macilwee, The Gangs of Liverpool (Wrea Green: Milo Books, 2006).
16 A. Davies, The Gangs of Manchester (Wrea Green: Milo Books, 2008).
17 Freeman, 16 November 1888.
18 Report by Edward Knight Larkins, received 11 January 1889; HO 144/221/A49301C, ff. 239–45 (National Archives).
19 Report by Robert Anderson, 22 January 1889; HO 144/221/A49301C, ff. 235–6 (National Archives).
20 Report by Donald Swanson, 10 October 1888, HO 144/221/A49301C, ff. 148–59 (National Archives).
21 Daily Telegraph, 19 September 1888.
22 Star, 4 October 1888.
23 New York Times, 6 October 1888.
24 Trevor Marriott, Jack the Ripper: 21st Century Investigation (London: John Blake, 2007).
25 CLRO Box 3.22 No. 358 (London Metropolitan Archives).
26 CLRO Box 3.18 No. 215 (London Metropolitan Archives).
27 HO 144/221/A449301, ff. 36, 46–7 (National Archives).
28 The Times, 2 October 1888.
29 Report by Sir Charles Warren, 25 October 1888; MEPO 3/141, ff. 158–9 (National Archives).
30 Penny Illustrated Paper, 3 August 1889; Eastern Post, 21 September 1889.
31 Report by Donald Swanson, 23 September 1889; photocopies of files missing since the 1970s.
32 Lyttleton Forbes Winslow, Recollections of Forty Years (London: John Ousley, 1910).
33 Stewart P. Evans and Keith Skinner, Jack the Ripper: Letters From Hell (Stroud: Sutton, 2001).
34 Illustrated Police News, 20 October 1888.
35 People, 14 October 1888.
36 Mirror, 29 July 1889.
37 Also Williamsport Sunday Grit, 12 May 1895.
38 Pall Mall Gazette, 1 December 1888.
39 Formed in 1903 by H. B. Irving and known unofficially as ‘The Crimes Club’.
40 Samuel Ingleby Oddie, Inquest (London: Hutchinson & Co., 1941).
41 See Melvin Harris, The True Face of Jack the Ripper (London: Michael O’Mara Books, 1994).
42 O’Donnell wrote a manuscript for a book about Stephenson’s candidacy as the Ripper based on the numerous stories he had heard and Stephenson’s own writings. Never published, it can actually be found on JTRForums.com at http://www.jtrforums.com/forumdisplay.php?f=328.
43 Anon., ‘Jack the Ripper by Aleister Crowley’, n.p., article reprinted from Sothis magazine, vol. 1, no. 4, 1974 (Cambridge, 1988).
44 The Times, 18 September 1888.
45 CLRO Box 3.16 No. 150 (London Metropolitan Archives).
Chapter 11: Anecdote and Memory
1 Sun, 13–17 February 1894.
2 Report by Sir Melville Macnaghten; MEPO 3/140, ff. 177–83 (National Archives).
3 Druitt’s mother Anne suffered from depression and paranoid delusions.
4 The fullest account can be found in the Acton, Chiswick and Turnham Green Gazette, 5 January 1889.
5 Bristol Times and Mirror, 11 February 1891.
6 Western Mail, 26 February 1892.
7 Major Arthur Griffiths, Mysteries of Police and Crime (London: Cassell, 1898).
8 Referee, 22 January 1899.
9 See Adam Wood, ‘Copy Be Damned, That’s the Original: A History of the Macnaghten Memoranda’, Ripperologist 124 (February 2012), for a detailed analysis of the evolution and provenance of the memoranda.
10 Sir Robert Anderson, Criminals and Crime: Some Facts and Suggestions (London: Nisbet, 1907).
11 Alfred Aylmer, ‘The Detective in Real Life,’ The Windsor Magazine, vol. 1, no. 5 (May 1895).
12 Sir Robert Anderson, ‘Punishing Crime’, The Nineteenth Century (February 1901).
13 Sir Robert Anderson, The Lighter Side of My Official Life (London: Hodder and Stoughton,1910).
14 See Robert House, Jack the Ripper and the Case for Scotland Yard’s Prime Suspect (Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Son, 2011) for a most comprehensive overview of Aaron Kosminski’s life.
15 Martin Fido, The Crimes, Detection and Death of Jack the Ripper (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1987).
16 Pall Mall Gazette, 24 March 1903.
17 Pall Mall Gazette, 31 March 1903.
18 Discovered in 1993, the ‘Littlechild Letter’ was purchased with other documents by Stewart Evans from antiquarian book dealer Eric Barton.
19 See Timothy B. Riordan, Prince of Quacks (Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland and Co., 2009).
20 A Special Branch file of Fenian activities and the Whitechapel murders is known to exist but has not been publicly seen owing to the highly sensitive nature of the material; the file is closed indefinitely. This may include material relating to Tumblety which could shed new light on the man.
21 New York World, 29 January 1889.
Chapter 12: Naming Names
1 William Le Queux, Things I Know about Kings, Celebrities and Crooks (London: E. Nash & Grayson, 1923).
2 People, 26 December 1926.
3 Leonard Matters, The Mystery of Jack the Ripper (London: Hutchinson, 1929; W. H. Allen, 1948; Arrow, 1964).
4 Salt Lake Herald, 25 August 1901.
5 The manuscript was discovered in early 2008 among the effects of Sydne
y George Hulme-Beaman, creator of the hugely successful children’s character Larry the Lamb and Toytown. See James Carnac, The Autobiography of Jack the Ripper (London: Transworld, 2011) for a transcript of the manuscript and analysis by Paul Begg.
6 See John Bennett, ‘The Autobiography of James Carnac’, Ripperologist 124 (February 2012) for further analysis on authorship and content.
7 Ogden Standard Examiner, 16 October 1888.
8 Edwin T. Woodhall, Jack the Ripper: Or When London Walked in Terror (London and Dublin: Mellifont Press, 1937; reprint London: P&D Riley, 1997).
9 Woodhall joined the Metropolitan Police in 1907 (warrant no. 94985). CID (Special Branch), 1910. Resigned, 1919.
10 In 1944, Der Teufel von Whitechapel by Graf Michael Alexander Soltikow was published in Germany. Although it dealt with numerous other English criminal cases, it was ostensibly a piece of anti-Semitic, anti-British propaganda.
11 Richard Whittington-Egan, A Casebook on Jack the Ripper (London: Wildy & Sons, 1975).
12 William Stewart, Jack the Ripper: A New Theory (London: Quality Press, 1939).
13 Sir Melville Macnaghten, Days of My Years (London: Edward Arnold, 1914).
14 Philip Sugden, The Complete History of Jack the Ripper (London: Robinson, 1994).
15 This report was sent anonymously to Scotland Yard along with other material – including the famous ‘Dear Boss’ letter – in 1987. It is in the file MEPO 3/3153 (National Archives).
16 Donald McCormick, The Identity of Jack the Ripper (London: Jarrold, 1959; Pan Books, 1962; Arrow, 1970).
17 Ripper episodes broadcast on 5 and 12 November 1959. These programmes have long been lost.
18 Tom Cullen, Autumn of Terror (London: Bodley Head, 1965; Fontana, 1966, 1973).
19 Robin Odell, Jack the Ripper in Fact and Fiction (London: Harrap, 1965; Mayflower-Dell, 1966; Oxford: Mandrake, 2008).
20 London Evening Standard, 8–12 August 1960.
21 The earliest known appearance of the term ‘Ripperologist’ comes in Wilson’s introduction to Alexander Kelly, Jack the Ripper: A Bibliography and Review of the Literature (London: Association of Assistant Librarians, S.E.D., 1972).
22 Colin Wilson and Pat Pitman, Encyclopaedia of Murder (London: Pan Books, 1961).
23 Philippe Jullian, Edouard VII (Paris: Librairie Hachette, 1962); translated as Edward and the Edwardians (New York: Viking Press, 1962).
24 Wilson, introduction to Kelly, Jack the Ripper.
25 Criminologist, vol. 5, no. 18 (November 1970).