Explorers of the Nile: The Triumph and Tragedy of a Great Victorian Adventure
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Amir, Snay bin (slave and ivory trader), 81-2, 83, 94, 131
Amoda, Hamoydah, 285, 288, 293
Amur (slave trader), 29
Anderson, Colonel Finley, 262
Anglo-French Declaration, 393
Anglo-German Agreement (1886), 362-3
Annuak people, 399
Appuddo (Nimule), 176, 239, 241
al-Aqqad, Muhammad Ahmad (slave trader), 336
Arabi, Colonel, 357
Arnold, Edwin (editor), 281
Aruwimi, River, 368, 369, 371
Asua, River, 224
Atbara, Battle of, 388-9
Atbara, River, 2, 179
Azande tribe, 396
al-Azhari, Ismail 403
Bacheeta (interpreter), 227, 228, 233, 236
Baganda (Buganda) people, 150, 153, 160, 162, 207, 306, 347, 398, 407, 409-10, 411, 418; see also Buganda
Bagamoyo, 72, 129, 247, 264, 279, 280, 282, 321, 375
Bagisu tribe, 432
Bahr el-Ghazal, River, 24, 123, 185, 187, 275, 313, 342
Baker, ‘Florence’; see Sass, Barbara Maria von
Baker, Capt. James (brother of Samuel), 240
Baker, Lt Julian, 339
Baker, Sir Samuel White, 3, 13, 24, 178, 318, 333, 363, 387
appearance, 220, 333
awarded RGS Gold Medal, 243
Blue Nile
expedition, 178-1
brutality, 336
character, 220-1
colonialism, 332, 343-4, 425
early life, 220
exaggerates importance of Luta N’zige, 242
greets Speke & Grant, 180-1
illnesses, 222, 224, 423
knighthood, 244, 424
marriage to Florence, 240
missionary work in Africa, scorn for, 213
motivation to explore, 4, 5-6, 214
as raconteur and writer, 243
revered in northern Uganda, 338, 416
Speke offers Luta N’zige discovery to, 182
and Sudanese civil war, 343, 403
views on Africans, 213, 218, 221, 332, 396
views on slave trade, 221, 225, 332, 428; see also Baker’s military expedition to Nile Basin; Luta N’zige Expedition
Baker’s military expedition to Nile Basin: Acholi tribe side with, 338
and Bari tribe, 336-7; ‘Battle of Masindi’, 339-41
declares Equatoria, 337, 395
Florence’s disgust with expedition, 336
in Gondokoro, 335-7
retreat from Bunyoro, 341-2, 341, 343
success exaggerated, 342
takes possession of ‘Unyoro’, 339
Baluchi soldiers, 71, 73, 80, 86, 88, 96, 101, 119, 120, 129, 130, 131, 132
Baluchistan, 71
Bambarre (Kabambare), 20
Banda, Dr Hastings, 7
Bangweulu, Lake, 9, 17, 26, 250, 252, 273
Banlaya, 371, 372
Bantu peoples, 398, 408
Baraka (interpreter), 128, 129, 132, 134, 163
Baratieri, General Oreste, 386-7
Barghash, Said, Sultan, 359, 362
Bari tribe, 41, 176, 177, 184, 218, 307, 336, 395
Baring, Sir Evelyn, 391
Barker, Frederick, 296, 298
Barth, Heinrich (explorer), 70
Barttelot, Major Edmund, 367-8
atrocities, 371-2
death, 372 al-Barwani, Khamis bin Abdullah, 301
al-Bashir, Omar 403, 404, 404
Baumann, Dr Oscar, 316
Beatson, General, 56
Bedouin, 38
Beke, Dr Charles, 192, 206
Bell, Sir Hesketh, 407-8, 432
Bellefonds, Colonel Ernest Linant de, 302, 303, 307
death, 424
Ben Ali (guide), 248
Bengal Native Infantry, 46
Bennett, James Gordon Jr (owner of New York Herald), 262, 263, 264
Berber, 179, 387
Berbera, 47, 49, 50, 51, 58, 60, 62, 67, 104
Berlin Conference, 357
Bigugu, Mount, 317
bin Laden, Osama, 404
Birmingham, 385
Bismarck, Prince Otto von, 358, 359, 363, 377
threatens Sultan of Zanzibar, 362
Blackwood, John (publisher), 59, 60, 110, 117, 122-3, 126, 149, 194, 201, 244
Blackwood’s Magazine, 62, 75, 117-18, 123, 208
Blantyre, 331
Blue Nile, 2, 178-9
‘Bog Barons’, 400, 401, 405
Bogharib, Muhammad (slave trader), 19, 21, 252
Bombay Marine Battalion, 247
Bombay Native Infantry, 36
Bombay, Sidi Mubarak (interpreter and captain), 8, 70, 83, 86, 88, 98, 102, 105, 129, 133-4, 145-6, 152, 167, 171, 189, 266, 282, 422, 423
Bonny, Sergeant William, 371
Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night (trans. R. F. Burton), 322
Boscher, Sherif, 256
Boyd, Lord, 413
Brazzaville, 392
British Association for the Advancement of Science, 199, 333
Bruce, James, 2
Buganda, 9, 133, 196, 204, 239, 338, 345, 374, 378, 408, 410, 417, 429
Mackay in, 345-51
Speke & Grant in (1862), 147, 149-65
Stanley in (1875), 301-4, 307
Bui (guide), 136, 137, 138
Bulingugwe Island, L. Victoria, 381
Bumbireh Island, L. Victoria, 304-6, 305, 324
Bunyoro, 143, 144, 163, 166, 196, 204, 210, 307, 343, 395, 406-7, 417, 429
Baker & Florence in (1864), 227-38
Baker & Florence in (1872), 338-41
Speke & Grant in (1863), 170-2
Burckhardt, Johann Ludwig, 36
Burlington House, 191-2, 210, 243
Burton, Isabel (née Arundell, wife of Richard), 74, 108-9, 115, 323
Burton, Joseph (father of Richard), 37
Burton, Martha (mother of Richard), 59-60
Burton, Sir Richard F., 8, 13, 24, 260, 363
admits being wrong about Nile source, 322
appearance, 45
attacks Speke’s character, 104, 106, 195, 204, 207, 321
awarded RGS Founder’s Medal, 116
‘betrayal’ by Speke, 3, 106-9, 111, 115-16
British Raj, supporter of, 322
in Cairo, 36, 37, 38-40, 42
character, 38, 61-4
circumcision, 36, 44
claims Speke’s death as suicide, 203-5
claims Tanganyika as Nile source, 207, 210, 310
colonialism, considers unworkable in Africa, 424
death, 322
disbelieves Speke’s Nile source, 102, 104, 206
disguised as native 49-50
early life, 37
education, 37-8
engagement, 63
false memories, 104-5
illnesses, 74, 77-8, 79, 80, 83-4, 85, 86, 90, 92, 105, 114, 423
knighthood, 323, 424
missionaries, considers misguided, 212
motivation to explore, 4, 5, 69
pilgrimage to Mecca, 36
and racism, 212, 322
relationship with Speke, 46, 58, 61, 104-5, 116, 121, 195
RGS proposal, 115, 116
and Rusizi River, 199-200
serves in Crimean War, 56
in Sindh, 37, 42
views on Africans, 75-7, 82, 93, 322, 424
views on slavery, thinks abolitionists wrong, 67-8
writing style, 62; see also Great Lakes Expedition (B. & S.); Somaliland Expedition (B. & S.)
Burundi, 145, 316
Busoga, 348, 407
Cadenhead, Lt Thomas, death, 424
Caesar, Julius, 23
Cairo, 36, 37, 38, 40, 41, 42, 107, 189, 214, 240, 391
Calcutta Museum of Nat. History, 54
Cambridge, Univ. of, 399, 409, 412
camels, 13, 47, 50, 181, 216, 248, 335
Cameron, Lt Verney Lovett, 283, 293, 308, 312
>
Cameron Highlanders, 392, 393
Camoens, Luis de, 322
Campbell, General Sir Colin, 46
cannabis, 27, 90
cannibalism, 22, 29, 300, 313, 372
Cardoso, Candido de Costa, 209
Carr-Gomm, Major Richard, 412
Carter, Capt. Frederick, death, 424
Caucasus Mountains, 57
Ceylon, 63, 220
Chad, 24, 25, 387, 430
Chaille-Long, Colonel Charles, 303
Chamberlain, Joseph, 385
Chambesi, River, 250, 288
Chavannes, Charles de, 356
Chitambo (chief), 290, 292
Chowpereh (captain), 291-2, 297, 320, 422, 423
‘Christianity and Commerce’, 196, 329, 331, 426, 433
chronometers, 2, 7, 73, 170, 171, 250, 287, 293
Chuma, James (follower of Livingstone), 18, 28, 254, 285, 291, 293
Church Missionary Society (CMS), 293, 345, 380, 383
Church of Scotland, 331
Churchill, Winston, 387, 389, 390-1
Clapperton, Hugh, 72
Clarendon, Lord, 252, 334
Coghlan, Brigadier William, 56
Collins, Professor Robert, 396
Colquhoun, Robert, 213, 240, 242
Colvile, Colonel Henry, 406-7
Commoro (Latuka chief), 218, 220, 239, 431
concubines, 40, 73, 105, 140, 217, 372, 373
Congo, River, 6, 7, 9, 17, 72, 288, 324-5, 367, 394
de Brazza’s advance on Kinshasa, 355-7
Leopold’s plans for, 352
Stanley builds road and trading stations along, 352-3, 324-5
Stanley’s navigation of (1877), 319-21; see also Emin Pasha Relief Expedition; Stanley’s Trans-Africa Expedition
Congo Free State, 353, 366
Cooley, W. D., 192
Cowley, Lord, 198
Crimean War, 56
crocodiles, 87, 168, 170, 235, 304, 323
Daily Mail, 391
Daily Telegraph, 281, 295, 296, 302, 306, 308, 310, 324, 331
Dal (steamer), 391
Damha, Ladha (merchant), 68, 81
Darfur, 393, 430
Davis, Daniel (gamekeeper), 202
De Bono, Andrea (ivory trader), 41-2, 99, 175, 218, 221, 225
de Brazza, Pierre Savorgnan, 6, 353, 354
attempt to seize Kinshasa, 35, 57
treaty with Makoko, 354, 355
Delcassé, Théophile, 392
Denbigh, 257
Derby, Lord, 343
dhows, 86, 88, 89, 102, 299, 362
diamonds, 4, 343, 421
Dick, Andrew, 419
Didinga people, 400
Dinka tribe, 183, 185, 216, 302, 395, 396, 399, 400
Diogenes, 26, 39
Dixon, William Hepworth, 323
Dowden, Richard, 415
Dragon of Salem (clipper), 106
Driberg, Jack Herbert, 400
Dualla (interpreter), 381, 423
Dufile, 319, 373
Dugumbé (slave trader), 31, 32, 33, 255
Dutch, gunpowder, 429
East India Company, 37, 42, 43, 46, 55, 103, 198
Edward, Lake, 318
Eesa tribe, 52
Egypt, 1, 303, 357
Egypt, the Soudan and Central Africa (Petherick), 124
elephants, 18, 19, 21, 74, 153, 169, 220, 223, 250, 408
Emin Pasha, 349, 350, 359, 363, 365, 370, 373-5, 403
death, 375, 424
Emin Pasha Relief Expedition (1886-9): Advance Column, 369-70
aims, 365-6, 375
atrocities, 371-3
preparation, 366-8
Rear Column, 371-3
with Emin Pasha, 370, 373-5
with Mackay, 374
Equatoria, 24, 338, 349, 363, 366, 395-6
Britain divides between Uganda and Sudan, 397-9, 418; see also Baker’s military expedition to Nile Basin
Erhardt, Dr James (missionary), 56
Eton College, 38
explorers of Africa: honours, 424
character, 4-6, 9
dangers, deaths and hardships met, 2-3, 8-9, 34-5, 40, 51-4, 67, 72, 129, 230-2, 236, 253, 266, 287-9, 290-1, 298, 306-7, 319-21, 321, 423-4
motivations, 4-6, 9
views on future of Africa, 424-7
work undertaken, 8; see also individual explorers
Fadeela (servant), 218, 228
Faloro, 172, 225, 394
Farquhar, William, 266, 297
death, 266, 423
Fashoda, 388, 391-2
Ferajji, 297
Fergusson, Capt. V. H., 400
First Footsteps in East Africa (R. F. Burton), 61, 62, 204
Five Weeks in a Balloon (Jules Verne), 41-2
Fola Rapids (Nile), 42
Forte, HMS, 127
‘Forty Thieves’, 336, 340
Fowooka (chief), 237, 238
France, 56, 197-8, 354, 355, 357-8, 375, 385, 387, 392-3, 395, 406, 429
Anglo-French Declaration, 393
and ‘bridge across Africa’, 357
Free Church of Scotland, 331
French Geographical Society, 168
Frij (porter), 128
Fuller, George P. (cousin of J. Speke), 202, 205
Fuller, John B. (uncle of J. Speke), 202
Furious, HMS, 107, 114, 115
Gabon, 197, 353
Gaetano (cook), 86, 96
Galton, Francis, 116
Gani, 153, 163, 166, 171
Gardner, Edward (follower of Livingstone), 18, 28, 285, 293
Geography (Ptolemy), 26
George, Lake, 318, 377
German East Africa (Tanganyika), 316, 362-3, 377
Germany, 6, 347, 358, 359, 366, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 385, 393, 429
Anglo-German Agreement (1886), 362-3
Gessi, Romolo, 318
Gladstone, William Ewart, 334, 350, 382, 383, 384
Gneisenau SMS (cruiser), 362
gold, 4, 385, 411
Gondokoro, 41, 101, 119, 166, 170, 175, 177, 215, 216, 233
Baker in, 335-7, 337, 395
Speke & Grant in, 180-7
Gordon, General Charles, 302, 307, 348, 363, 396, 403
death, 349-50, 386, 394, 404
Grant, Capt. James Augustus, 4, 6, 125, 127, 169, 173
appearance, 180
character, 126, 166, 242
illnesses, 143, 166, 423
reaction to Baker’s knighthood, 244; see also Nile Source Expedition (Speke & Grant, 1863)
Graphic, Livingstone’s obituary, 294, 329
Great Britain: Anglo-French Declaration, 393
and Empire, 127, 141, 343, 355, 356, 357-8, 362-3, 375, 377, 382, 385, 387, 391, 397, 426-7
responsible for fate of southern Sudan, 398-403, 405
responsible for north-south divide in Uganda, 408-9, 416-18
and slave trade, 282-3, 312, 426-7, 429-30, 433
takes in Ugandan Asians, 420
Great Lakes Expedition (Burton & Speke, 1856-9), 65, 66, 73-105, 323
armoury, 74
B. applies for leadership of, 57
B. dissuaded from direct route, 67
B.’s inaction over murder of slave girl, 105
B. invites S., 58
chronometer failure, 73, 78
dispute over debts, unpaid porters, 110, 119-21
in Kazeh, 81-2, 93
and porters, 72, 73, 79, 81, 83, 96, 103, 110
preparations, 70-2
return to Zanzibar, 103, 105
S. crosses Tanganyika, 86-8
S. discovers L. Victoria, 96, 98-100
S. estimates altitude of L. Victoria, 99
S. learns of river issuing from Tanganyika, 85, 88
in Ujiji, 84-6, 91-2
in Usagara Mountains, 79-80
voyage on L. Tanganyika, 90-1
in Zanzibar, 65, 67-9, 70-2
‘great Nile debate’, 201, 202
G
reen, Matthew, 415
Greenwich Mean Time, 73, 78
Greindl, Baron Jules, 325
Grey, Sir George, 196
Haile Selassie, Emperor, 414
Hakki, Madame, 375
Hamerton, Lt-Col Atkins, 67, 72, 119
death, 73
distrust of Burton, 72
Hancock, General, 263
Hannington, Bishop James, 348-9, 363
death, 378, 424
Harar, 4, 43, 46, 49, 55
Harcourt, Sir William, 382
Hassani (slave trader), 29, 30
Hatzfeld-Wildenburg, Count, 376
Heligoland Treaty, 377-8
Hembé (Uzarambo chief), 129
Henry, John, 371
Herne, Lt G. E., 44, 51
Herodotus, 25, 253
Hicks Pasha, William, 351
Highflyer, HMS, 360
hippopotomi, 74, 98, 128, 159, 168, 173, 205, 233, 235, 323, 372
Hirth, Mgr, Jean-Joseph, 380, 381
Homer, 23
Hotten, John Camden, 281
How I Found Livingstone (Stanley), 269, 270, 272, 275, 278
Hyndman, H. M., 324
Ibrahim (slave and ivory trader), 28, 217, 221, 238