The Vinyl Frontier
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Druyan, A. 1978. The Sounds of Earth. Murmurs of Earth: The Voyager Interstellar Record. Random House, New York
Ferris, T. 1978. Voyager’s Music. Murmurs of Earth: The Voyager Interstellar Record. Random House, New York
Lomberg, J. 1978. Pictures of Earth. Murmurs of Earth: The Voyager Interstellar Record. Random House, New York
Poundstone, W. 1999. Carl Sagan: A Life in the Cosmos. Henry Holt, New York
Salzman Sagan, L. 1978. A Voyager’s Greetings. Murmurs of Earth: The Voyager Interstellar Record. Random House, New York
Sagan, C. 1978. For Future Times and Beings. Murmurs of Earth: The Voyager Interstellar Record. Random House, New York
— & Druyan, A. 1997. Epilogue. Billions & Billions: Thoughts on Life and Death at the Brink of the Millennium. Random House, New York
Science Friday. 16 September 2016. ‘How To Make A Golden Record’ hosted by Ira Flatow. www.sciencefriday.com/segments/how-to-make-a-golden-record/
WNYC Studios. 22 October 2007. Radiolab ‘Space’ episode. www.wnycstudios.org/story/91520-space/
Chapter 9. Mixing and Mastering
Lomberg, J. Unpublished manuscript
Sagan, C. at al. 1978. Murmurs of Earth: The Voyager Interstellar Record. Random House, New York
Chapter 10. The Final Cut
Davidson, K. 1999. Carl Sagan: A Life. John Wiley & Son, New York
Ferris, T. 1978. Voyager’s Music. Murmurs of Earth: The Voyager Interstellar Record. Random House, New York
Poundstone, W. 1999. Carl Sagan: A Life in the Cosmos. Henry Holt, New York
Sagan, C. at al. 1978. Murmurs of Earth: The Voyager Interstellar Record. Random House, New York
Chapter 11. A Last Supper
Lomberg, J. Unpublished manuscript
Sagan, C. 1978. For Future Times and Beings. Murmurs of Earth: The Voyager Interstellar Record. Random House, New York
Unknown author. 1977. NASA ‘Voyager will Carry “Earth Sounds” Record’ press release. JPL website. www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=6047
Chapter 12. Hello, We Must Be Going
Barry, R. 2017. How to decode the images on the Voyager Golden Record. boingboing.net/2017/09/05/how-to-decode-the-images-on-th.html
Collins, G. 1985. The Sagan: Fiction and Fact Back to Back. New York Times, 30 September 1985
Davidson, K. 1999. Carl Sagan: A Life. John Wiley & Son, New York
Druyan, A. 2006. Ten Times Around the Sun Without Carl. anndruyan.typepad.com/the_observatory/
Grinspoon, L. 1971. Marihuana Reconsidered. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts
McMurran, K. 1980. His Cosmos a Huge Success, Carl Sagan Turns Back to Science and Saturn’s Rings. The People, 15 December 1980
Nelson, S. & Polansky, L. 1993. The Music of the Voyager Interstellar Record. Journal of Applied Communication. 21: 358–375
Ozma Records. 2017. www.kickstarter.com/projects/ozmarecords/voyager-golden-record-40th-anniversary-edition
Poundstone, W. 1999. Carl Sagan: A Life in the Cosmos. Henry Holt, New York
Sagan, C. 1977. Briefing notes for President Carter and Vice President Walter Mondale. The Seth Macfarlane Collection of the Carl Sagan and Ann Druyan Archive, Library of Congress
— 1977. The Royal Institution Christmas Lectures, Carl Sagan, 1977. www.rigb.org/christmas-lectures/watch/1977/the-planets
— 1978. For Future Times and Beings. Murmurs of Earth: The Voyager Interstellar Record. Random House, New York
— 1993. Pale blue dot: a vision of the human future in space. The Seth Macfarlane Collection of the Carl Sagan and Ann Druyan Archive, Library of Congress
Voyager 2 Fly-by of Neptune Press Conference, 25 August 1989. www.c-span.org/video/?8864-1/voyager-2-fly-neptune
Voyager Missions, Solar System Image Press Conference, 6 June 1990. www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZQCTgCF8Khk
Voyager Spacecraft 40th Anniversary. 5 September 2017. www.c-span.org/video/?433512-2/voyager-spacecraft-40th-anniversary
Others
Alan Lomax Family Collections at the American Folklife Center, www.loc.gov/folklife/lomax/alanlomaxcollection.html
Bell, J. 2015. The Interstellar Age: The Story of the NASA Men and Women who Flew the Forty-Year Voyager Mission. Dutton, New York
Davies, P. 2010. The Eerie Silence: Searching For Ourselves in the Universe. Allen Lane, London
The Farthest. 2017. Documentary. Director: Emer Reynolds
Ferris, T. 1989. Coming of Age in the Milky Way. The Bodley Head, London
JPL Archives Catalogue description of the Voyager Interstellar Record Collection, 1976-1977: pub-lib.jpl.nasa.gov/docushare/dsweb/Get/Document-533/JPL151. For more information on JPL History and Archives go to: www.jpl.nasa.gov/history/
Sagan, C. 2006. The Varieties of Scientific Experience: A Personal View of the Search for God. Penguin Press, New York
Appendix A: The Complete Contents of Nasa’s Voyager Golden Record 1
Part I. Greeting from Kurt Waldheim, Secretary General of the United Nations
Part II. Greetings in 55 Languages
Part III. United Nations Greetings/Whale Songs Mohamed El-Zoeby, Egypt (Arabic) Chaidir Anwar Sani, Indonesia (Indonesian)
Bernadette Lefort, France (French) Syed Azmat Hassan, Pakistan (Punjabi)
Peter Jankowitsch, Austria (German)
Robert B. Edmonds, Canada (English)
Wallace R.T. Macaulay, Nigeria (Efik)
James F. Leonard, United States (English)
Juan Carlos Valero, Chile (Spanish)
Eric Duchene, Belgium (Flemish) Samuel Ramsay Nicol, Sierra Leone (English)
Wallace R.T. Macaulay, Nigeria (English)
Bahram Moghtaderi, Iran (Persian)
Ralph Harry, Australia (Esperanto)
Anders Thunboig, Sweden (Swedish)
Whale songs courtesy of Roger Payne/Ocean Alliance
Part IV. The Sounds of Earth
Music of the Spheres
Volcanoes, Earthquake, Thunder
Mud Pots
Wind, Rain, Surf
Crickets, Frogs
Birds, Hyena, Elephant
Chimpanzee
Wild Dog
Footsteps, Heartbeats, Laughter
Fire, Speech
The First Tools
Tame Dog
Herding Sheep, Blacksmith Shop, Sawing, Tractor, Riveter, Morse Code
Ships, Horse and Cart, Train, Truck, Tractor, Bus, Automobile, F-111 Fly-by, Saturn 5 Lift-off
Kiss
Mother and Child
EEG Life Signs
Pulsar
Sound effects and field recordings courtesy of the Elektra Sound Effects Library, except: ‘Kepler’s Harmony of the Worlds’ (Music of the Spheres) courtesy of Laurie Spiegel Publishing (ASCAP); Earthquake courtesy of David Simpson, Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University; Crickets (Teleogryllus oceanicus) courtesy of Ronald R. Hoy, Department of Neurobiology and Behaviour, Cornell University; Birds recorded by James Gulledge, Laboratory of Ornithology, Cornell University; !Kung speech courtesy of Richard Lee, Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto; Morse Code provided by William R. Schoppe, Jr.; Train and Saturn V Lift-off recorded by Alan Botto; Mother and Child provided by Margaret Bullowa and Lise Menn, Speech Communication Laboratory of the Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; EEG Life Signs recorded by Julius Korein, MD, New York University School of Medicine; Pulsar courtesy of Frank Drake.
Part V. The Photographic Sequence
President Carter’s message (see note at the end of the appendix)
Typed lists of members of the US Senate and House of Representatives responsible for NASA activities 1, 2, 3 and 4
Calibration circle
Solar location map/Andromeda Galaxy composite
Mathematical definitions
Physical unit definitions
Solar system 1
Solar system 2
The Sun composi
te, Hale observatories
Solar spectrum
Mercury
Mars
Jupiter
Earth
Earth from space, showing Egypt, the Red Sea and the Sinai Peninsula
DNA structure and replication 1
DNA structure and replication 2
DNA structure and replication 3
Cells and cell division, Turtox/Cambosco
Anatomy 1, World Book
Anatomy 2, World Book
Anatomy 3, World Book
Anatomy 4, World Book
Anatomy 5, World Book
Anatomy 6, World Book
Anatomy 7, World Book
Anatomy 8, World Book
Human sex organs, Sinauer Associates, Inc.
Conception silhouette
Conception, Albert Bonniers; Forlag, Stockholm
Fertilized ovum, Albert Bonniers; Forlag, Stockholm
Fetus silhouette
Fetus, Dr Frank Allan
Male and pregnant female silhouette
Birth, Wayne Miller
Nursing mother
Father and daughter (Malaysia), David Harvey
Group of children, Ruby Mera, UNICEF
Family portrait silhouette
Family portrait, Nina Leen, Time, Inc.
Diagram of continental drift
Structure of Earth’s core
Heron Island
Seashore, Dick Smith
Snake River and Grand Tetons, Ansel Adams
Sand dunes, George Mobley
Monument Valley, Shostal Associates, Inc.
Forest scene with mushrooms, Bruce Dale
Leaf, Arthur Herrick
Fallen leaves, Jodi Cobb
Snowflake/Sequoia composite, Josef Muench, R. Sisson
Tree/daffodils composite, Gardens Winterthur, Winterthur Museum
Flying insect with flowers, Borne on the Wind, Stephen Dalton
Diagram of vertebrate evolution
Seashell (Xancidae), Harry N. Abrams, Inc.
Dolphins, Thomas Nebbia
School of fish, David Doubilet
Tree toad, Dave Wickstrom
Crocodile, Peter Beard
Eagle, Donona, Taplinger Publishing Co.
Waterhole, South African Tourist Corp.
Jane Goodall and chimps, Vanne Morris-Goodall
Bushmen hunters silhouette
Bushmen hunters, R. Farbman, Time, Inc.
Man from Guatemala
Dancer from Bali, Donna Grosvenor
Andean girls, Joseph Scherschel
Thailand craftsman, Dean Conger
Elephant, Peter Kunstadter
Old man with beard and glasses, Jonathan Blair
Old man with dog and flowers, Bruce Baumann
Mountain climber, Gaston Rebuffat
Gymnast, Philip Leonian, Sports Illustrated
Olympic sprinters, Picturepoint London
Japanese schoolroom
Children with globe
Cotton harvest, Howell Walker
Grape picker, David Moore
Supermarket
Underwater scene with diver and fish, Jerry Greenberg
Fishing boats
Cooking fish, Cooking of Spain and Portugal, Time-Life Books
Chinese dinner party, Time-Life Books
Demonstration of eating, licking and drinking
Great Wall of China, H. Edward Kim
Construction scene, African
Construction scene, Amish, William Albert Allard
Hut
New England house, Robert Sisson
Modern house
House interior with artist and fire, Jim Amos
Taj Mahal, David Carroll
English city – Oxford, C.S. Lewis, Images of His World, William B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.
Boston from the Charles River, Ted Spiegel
UN Building by day
UN Building by night
Sydney Opera House, Mike Long
Artisan with drill, Frank Hewlett
Factory interior, Fred Ward
Museum, David Cupp
X-ray of hand
Woman with microscope
Street scene, Pakistan
Street scene, India
Highway, Ithaca
Golden Gate Bridge, Ansel Adams
Train, Gordon Gahan
Airplane taking off
Toronto Airport
Antarctic expedition, National Geographic
Radio telescope (Westerbork, Netherlands), James Blair
Arecibo Observatory
Page from a book
Astronaut in space
Titan Centaur launch
Sunset with birds, David Harvey
String Quartet, Quartetto Italiano, Phillips Recordings
Quartet score/violin composite
Part VI. Short Musical Segue Featuring a Few Seconds of the Cavatina
Part VII. The Music
1. Brandenburg Concerto No. 2 in F Major, BWV 1047: I. Allegro
Composed by Johann Sebastian Bach. Performed by Munich Bach Orchestra/Karl Richter (conductor) featuring Karl-Heinz Schneeberger (violin). Recorded in Munich, Germany, January 1967. Courtesy of Deutsche Grammophon.
2. Ketawang: Puspåwårnå (Kinds of Flowers)
Performed by Pura Paku Alaman Palace Orchestra/K.R.T. Wasitodipuro (director) featuring Niken Larasati and Nji Tasri (vocals). Recorded by Robert E. Brown in Yogyakarta, Java, Indonesia, on 10 January 1971. ℗ 1988 Nonesuch Records.
3. Cengunmé
Performed by Mahi musicians of Benin. Recorded by Charles Duvelle in Savalou, Benin, West Africa, January 1963. Courtesy of Charles Duvelle.
4. Alima Song
Performed by Mbuti of the Ituri Rainforest. Recorded by Colin Turnbull and Francis S. Chapman in the Ituri Rainforest of the Democratic Republic of Congo, circa 1951. ‘Alima Song’ from the recording Music of the Ituri Forest, FW04483, courtesy of Smithsonian Folkways Recordings. ℗ (c) 1957.
5. Barnumbirr (Morning Star) and Moikoi Song
Performed by Tom Djawa (clapsticks), Mudpo (didgeridoo), and Waliparu (vocals). Recorded by Sandra LeBrun Holmes at Milingimbi Mission on Milingimbi Island, off the coast of Arnhem Land, Northern Territory, Australia, 1962. Courtesy of Sandra LeBrun Holmes and Amanda Holmes Tzafrir.
6. El Cascabel
Composed by Lorenzo Barcelata. Performed by Antonio Maciel and Los Aguilillas with Mariachi. México de Pepe Villa/Rafael Carrión (conductor). ℗ 1957 Musart.
7. Johnny B. Goode
Written and performed by Chuck Berry (vocals, guitar) with Lafayette Leak (piano), Willie Dixon (bass), and Fred Below (drums). Recorded at Chess Studios, Chicago, Illinois, on 6 January 1958. Courtesy of Geffen (MCA/Chess).
8. Mariuamangi
Performed by Pranis Pandang and Kumbui (mariuamangɨ) of the Nyaura clan. Recorded by Robert MacLennan in the village of Kandɨngei, Middle Sepik, Papua New Guinea, on 23 July 1964.
9. Sokaku-Reibo (Depicting the Cranes in Their Nest)
Arranged by Kinko Kurosawa. Performed by Goro Yamaguchi (shakuhachi). Recorded in New York City, circa 1967. ℗ 1977 Elektra Entertainment.
10. Partita for Violin Solo No. 3 in E Major, BWV 1006: III. Gavotte En Rondeau
Composed by Johann Sebastian Bach. Performed by Arthur Grumiaux (violin). Recorded in Berlin, Germany, November 1960. Courtesy of Decca Music Group Limited.
11. The Magic Flute (Die Zauberflöte), K. 620, ACT II: Hell’s Vengeance Boils in my Heart
Composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Performed by Bavarian State Opera Orchestra and Chorus/Wolfgang Sawallisch (conductor) featuring Edda Moser (soprano). Recorded in Munich, Germany, August 1972. Warner Classics UK Ltd.
12. Chakrulo
Performed by Georgian State Merited Ensemble of Folk Song and Dance/Anzor Kavsadze (director) featuring Ilia Zakaidze (first tenor) and Rostom Saginashvili (second tenor). Recorded at Melodiya Studio in Tbilisi, Georgia.
&n
bsp; 13. Roncadoras and Drums
Performed by musicians from Ancash from recordings collected by José Mariá Arguedas (Casa de la Cultura) in the Ancash, Region of Peru, circa 1964.
14. Melancholy Blues
Written by Marty Bloom and Walter Melrose. Performed by Louis Armstrong and His Hot Seven. Recorded in Chicago, Illinois on 11 May 1927. Courtesy of Columbia Records.
15. Muğam
Performed by Kamil Jalilov (balaban). Recorded by Radio Moscow circa 1950. ‘Azerbaijan S.S.R. – Mugam’ from the recording Folk Music of the U.S.S.R., FW04535, courtesy of Smithsonian Folkways Recordings. ℗ © 1960.
16. The Rite of Spring (Le Sacre du Printemps), Part II – The Sacrifice: VI. Sacrificial Dance (The Chosen One)
Composed by Igor Stravinsky. Performed by Columbia Symphony Orchestra/Igor Stravinsky (conductor). Recorded at the Ballroom of the St George Hotel, Brooklyn, New York, on 6 January 1960. Courtesy of Sony Classical.
17. The Well-Tempered Clavier, Book II: Prelude & Fugue No. 1 in C Major, BWV 870
Composed by Johann Sebastian Bach. Performed by Glenn Gould (piano). Recorded at CBS 30th Street Studio in New York City on 8 August 1966. Sony Classical.
18. Symphony No. 5 in C Minor, Opus 67: I. Allegro Con Brio
Composed by Ludwig Van Beethoven. Performed by Philharmonia Orchestra / Otto Klemperer (conductor). Recorded at Kingsway Hall, London, on 6 October 1955. Warner Classics UK Ltd.
19. Izlel E Delyu Haydutin
Performed by Valya Balkanska (vocal), Lazar Kanevski and Stephan Zahmanov (kaba gaidi). Recorded by Martin Koenig and Ethel Raim in Smolyan, Bulgaria, 1968. 1988 Nonesuch Records.
20. Navajo Night Chant, Yeibichai Dance
Performed by Ambrose Roan Horse, Chester Roan and Tom Roan. Recorded by Willard Rhodes in Pine Springs, Arizona, Summer 1942. ‘Night Chant, Yeibichai Dance’ from the recording Music of the American Indians of the Southwest, FW04420, courtesy of Smithsonian Folkways Recordings. ℗ © 1951.
21. The Fairie Round Composed by Anthony Holborne. Performed by Early Music Consort of London/David Munrow (director). Recorded at Abbey Road Studios, London, September 1973. ℗ 1976 Erato/Warner. 22. Naranaratana Kookokoo (The Cry of the Megapode Bird)
Performed by Maniasinimae and Taumaetarau Chieftain Tribe of Oloha and Palasu’u Village Community in Small Malaita. Courtesy of the Solomon Islands Broadcasting Corporation (SIBC), formerly the Solomon Islands Broadcasting Services (SIBS).