by Gerard Colby
10. Texas Business, December 1979.
11. IWIGIA Newsletter, no. 19 (June 1978), pp. 2–6.
12. Moody’s Industrial Manual (New York: Frederic Hatch & Company, 1977), p. 3898.
13. Philip Berryman, “The Color of Blood Will Never Be Forgotten,” in The Religious Roots of Rebellion: Christians in Central American Revolutions (Maryknoll, N.Y.: Orbis Press, 1984), p. 178.
14. Walter Crawford to John Camp, September 21, 1961; see also “Latin American contact list,” AIA Archives, general series, Box 7, Folder 61, Rockefeller Archive Center, Tarrytown, New York.
15. Supervivencia Infantil, Minestero de Salud (Ministry of Health), Plan de Action 1987 (Guatemala City: Minestero de Salud, 1986).
16. For a comprehensive overview of the plight of Guatemala’s Indians during this period, see Luisa Frank and Philip Wheaton, Indian Guatemala: Path to Liberation: The Role of Christians in the Indian Process (Washington, D.C.: EPICA, 1984).
17. Stephen Schlesinger and Stephen Kinzer, “Guatemala’s Election,” New York Times, January 28, 1982, p. A23.
18. Bible World 77 (September-October 1985), p. 8.
19. José Castaneda, “Dos Justos Homenajes,” Guatemala Indígena 17, nos. 1–2 (1982).
20. Christine Krueger, Ph.D., Security and Development Conditions in the Guatemalan Highlands (Washington, D.C.: Washington Office on Latin America, 1985), p. 1; Steven Drier, “Insurgency in Guatemala,” Focus, July 1985, pp.2–9.
21. “A Christian Soldier,” Newsweek, December 13, 1982, p. 57; also, in the same issue of Newsweek, “Beans-and-Bullets Politics,” pp. 56–58, and “Reagan’s Friendly Persuasion,” pp. 53–55; “Reagan Promises to Provide Brazil a $1.2 Billion Loan,” New York Times, December 2, 1982; and “Reagan, the Discreet Suitor, Finds Brazil Willing,” New York Times, December 3, 1982.
22. Stoll, Fishers of Men or Founders of Empires?, p. 3.
23. Authors’ interviews with confidential sources, Bogotá, Colombia, December 1976.
24. Jorge G. Castañeda, Utopia Unarmed: The Latin American Left After the Cold War (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1993), p. 116.
25. Chicago Tribune, February 16, 1982, sec. 3, p. 1.
26. See Don Richardson, “Who Really Killed Chet Bitterman?” Mission Frontier, April 3, 1981, pp. 1, 4–7.
27. Billy Graham, speech at Wycliffe Bible Translators Golden Jubilee Rally, Anaheim Convention Center, Anaheim, California, May 9, 1981. Cited in Stoll, Fishers of Men or Founders of Empires?, p. 273.
28. Interview by Gerard Colby of Kenneth Pike and other SIL anthropologists and linguists, International Linguistics Center, Dallas, June 29, 1992.
29. Betty Blair, “Aftermath of a Martyrdom,” Charisma, May 1982, p. 31.
30. El Comercio (Bogotá), June 27, 1981.
31. In Other Words, February 1981, p. 6.
32. Mary Helen Spooner, “Misery in Bolivia’s Mines,” Financial Times, December 30, 1984.
33. National Reporter, Winter 1986, p. 19; Time, December 4, 1989, p. 51; Progressive, May 1989, p. 8; Richard Alan White, The Morass: United States Intervention in Central America (New York: Harper & Row, 1984), p. 159.
34. Maryknoll Magazine, October 1980, pp. 12–15. Also cited in Stoll, Fishers of Men or Founders of Empires?, p. 209.
35. Program for Agricultural and Craft Development for the Inhabitants of Chimaltenango Harmed by the Violence (Chimaltenango, Guatemala: St. Anne’s Parish, 1986), cited in Who Pays the Price? The Cost of War in the Guatemalan Highlands (Washington, D.C.: Washington Office on Latin America, 1988), p. 37.
36. “Eleven Beheaded in Guatemala,” Washington Post, June 7, 1982 (of the eleven, ten were women); John Dinges, “Political Killings Are Continuing in North Guatemalan Countryside,” Washington Post, July 17, 1982; Alan Riding, “Guatemalan Refugees Flood Mexico,” New York Times, August 18, 1982; Gordon D. Mott, “Refugees Who Fled to Mexico Tell of Army’s Atrocities,” San Jose Mercury News, August 22, 1982; Okland Ross, “Tales of Horror Haunt Camps,” Toronto Globe, August 22, 1982.
37. William Wallace, “Missionaries with a Mission?” The Nation, May 30, 1981.
38. Raymond Bonner, “Guatemala Junta’s Chief Says God Guides Him,” New York Times, June 10, 1982.
39. Raymond Bonner, “Guatemala Leader Reports Aid Plan,” New York Times, May 20, 1982, p. A6.
40. Donna Eberwine, “To Ríos Montt, with Love Lift,” The Nation, February 26, 1983, p. 239.
41. Marlisle Simons, “Guatemalans Are Adding a Few Twists to ‘Pacification,’” New York Times, September 12, 1982, Section IV, p. 3.
42. Eberwine, “To Ríos Montt, with Love Lift,” p. 238, quoting a State Department official whose statement had been reported in The Forerunner, monthly newsletter of Marantha Campus Ministries, which was represented at the State Department briefing.
43. Raymond Bonner, “Behind the Guatemala Coup: A General Takes Over and Changes Its Course,” New York Times, March 29, 1982.
44. Bonner, “Guatemala Leader Reports Aid Plan.’”
45. Simons, “Guatemalans Are Adding a Few Twists to ‘Pacification.’”
46. Eberwine, “To Ríos Montt, with Love Lift,” p. 239.
47. Quoted in Raymond Bonner, “Guatemala Enlists Religion in Battle,” New York Times, July 12, 1982.
48. Cited in Frank and Wheaton, Indian Guatemala, pp. 78–79.
49. Who Pays the Price?, p. 41.
50. Cultural Survival, Inc., and Anthropology Resource Center, Voices of the Survivors: The Massacre at Finca San Francisco, Guatemala (Cambridge, Mass.: Cultural Survival, Inc., 1983), p. 86; Special Update, Guatemala: The Roots of Revolution (Washington, D.C.: Washington Office on Latin America, February 1983), p. 15; “Special Report on Guatemala,” Survival International, August 1982.
51. Who Pays the Price?, p. 71.
52. Simons, “Guatemalans Are Adding a Few Twists to ‘Pacification.’” The New York Times reporter wrote, “The country’s traditionally conservative Conference of Bishops noted May 27 that ‘never in our history have such extremes been reached, with the assassinations now falling into the category of genocide.’”
53. “Guatemalan Vows to Aid Democracy,” New York Times, December 6, 1982, p. A12.
54. Eberwine, “To Ríos Montt, with Love Lift,” p. 239.
55. “Guatemalan Vows to Aid Democracy,” p. A12.
56. New York Times, February 17, 1983, p. A8.
57. New York Times, March 15, 1983, p. A12.
58. Victor Perera, Unfinished Conquest: The Guatemalan Tragedy (Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press, 1993), pp. 91–92.
59. Quoted in James C. Hefley, “Cam Townsend, 1896–1982,” Christianity Today, May 21, 1982.
60. Nelson’s battered company was finally given safe haven and his son was given a seat on the board of a major player in the corporate world when IBEC was bought by Booker McConnell, Ltd., the English firm that had built upon royalties from Agatha Christie mysteries to become a $1.5 billion conglomerate.
61. Wall Street Journal, July 1, 1980, p. 9.
62. Dicionário Histórico-Biográfico Brasileiro, 1930–1983 (Rio de Janeiro: Forensa Universitaria, 1984), p. 3047.
63. Visão, August 28, 1972, pp. 258, 260.
64. JAARS Prayerline, Waxhaw, N.C., Jungle Aviation and Radio Services, Inc., December 1984.
65. Eliot King, “Serving the Spiritual,” Micro Discovery, August 1983.
66. The $100,000 donation was made in 1980 by the Pew Memorial Trust. Foundation Grant Index (New York: The Foundation Center and Columbia University Press, 1982).
67. Lydia Chavez, “Argentines Riot Against Rockefeller,” New York Times, January 15, 1986.
68. In 1991, one of Brazil’s leading indigenous rights organizations, People of the Forest Alliance, issued a scathing attack on Cultural Survival’s Rainforest Marketing program. “Cultural Survival reveals that 40% of its profits from sales of products would go back to grassroots organizations. We have not seen any returns.”
Cultural Survival’s director of finance, Walter Gates, explained why. “We are applying the profits to the loan”—a $100,000 loan given to the rubber gatherers’ cooperative in 1990 to set up its nut-shelling and processing factory. “From time to time, the producers have been a little unhappy with us,” he said. “So we invited [one of them] up here to see for himself some of the problems we have in marketing the products.” One of CSE’s major problems, explains CSE founder Jason Clay, is that the cooperative is being forced to become competitive on the world market. A “short term subsidy” from CSE—the price it paid for the co ops’ nuts—“could easily wane in a few years” so “it is important to find new markets.” Inevitably, CSE began looking to “Fortune 500 Companies” for marketing its nontimber forest products. See Charlotte Dennett Colby, “Has Rainforest Crunch Turned Sour?” Toward Freedom, October 1992.
69. Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, 1951, Articles III and IV.
70. Davison L. Bulhoo, Enough Is Enough: Dear Mr. Camdessus … Open Letter of Resignation to the Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund (New York: Apex Press, 1990), pp. 2, 11.
71. “Indians Tell Pope They Will Protest Columbus Parties,” St. Albans Messenger, October 17, 1991.
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