Kaganovich, L. 345, 359, 410, 413, 422, 426
Kaledin, A.M. 296
Kalka, Battle of, 359
Kalmyks 154, 156
Kaluga 38, 70
Kama River 34, 41–2, 54
Kamenev, L.B. 290, 311–15, 321, 324, 362, 364–5, 367, 549–50
Kandinskii, V. 338
Kankrin, E. 188
Kantemir, A. 130, 162
Kapital, Das 546
Karachai 419
Karelia 34–5, 41, 75
Karl Frederick 124–5, 130
Karl Phillip 73
Karlowitz, Congress of, 106
Kasimov 39
Kasso, L. 263
Kataev, V. 356
Kazakhstan 394, 411, 431, 487, 519, 554–7
Kazan 28–9, 32, 39, 41–2, 45, 49, 51–2, 57, 156, 162, 173, 182, 208, 541
Kazan University 182
Keenan, E.L. 33, 61
Kenez, P. 293
Kerch, Straits of, 108
Kerensky, A.F. 276, 286–91, 297
KGB xx, 369, 418–9, 430, 432, 437–8, 446–9, 457, 461, 463, 472, 489–90, 507, 515, 561
Khachaturian, a.I. 397
Khanate of Astrakhan 28
Khanate of Bukhara 225
Khanate of Khiva 225
Khanate of Kokand 225
Khanate of western Siberia 541
Khanty 34
Kharkov 173, 380–1, 547
Khasaviurt Accords 556
Khazars 2–4
Kherson 2–3, 419
Khmelnitskii, B. 84–5, 542
Khodorkovskii, M. 473, 480, 501, 504, 509, 511, 560–1
Khodynka Field 240
kholopy 67, 81
Khovanshchina 95
Khovanskii, I.A. 95–6
Khrushchev, N.S. 377, 404, 406–35, 438–9, 444, 452, 486, 520, 552–3
Khvorostinin, I. 73
Kiev 2–6, 8, 10–11, 13–14, 16, 18–19, 26–8, 30, 32, 41, 51, 57–8, 78, 85–6, 88, 98, 118, 130, 276, 375, 433, 486, 520, 539, 551
Kievan Rus 1–30
Kikin, A. 122
Kim Il Sung 398
Kipchak Khanate 15
Kirgizia 344
Kirienko, S. 557
Kirill I, Patriarch 514, 562
Kirov, S. 364–6, 416, 426, 550
Kiselev, P.D. 188, 203, 545
Kishinev 256, 548
Kizhi 35
Klintsy 161
Kliuchevskii, V.O. xi, 33, 93
Kneller, G. 106
Kochubei, V. 170, 185
Koenker, D. 284, 289
Kokovtsev, V.N. 262
Kola Peninsula 34
Kolchak, A. 297, 299
kolkhoz: see collective farm
Kolkhoz Congress 362
Kolkhoztsentr 349
kollegii 543
Kolomenskoe 83, 96
Kolomna 20–1, 89, 540
Kolyma 393, 415
Kolyma Tales 393
kombedy 302
Komi 25, 34, 370, 544
Komi-Permians 34
Komi-Zyriane 34
kompromat 470, 491, 505
Komsomol xx, 330, 332, 337, 339, 343, 346, 355–6, 358, 413, 424, 480
Konev, I.S. 387
Konovalov, A.I. 276
Konstantin Mikhailovich 20
Konstantin Nikolaevich 202
Kopelev, L. 367
Korean War 398, 403, 408, 552
Korela 70
Kormchaia kniga 51
kormlenie 50
Kornilov, L. 287–9, 290, 296–7, 548
KoIJciuszko, T. 136
Kosior, S.V. 351
Kosovo 485, 521, 557
Kostov, T. 402
Kostroma 21, 46, 70
Kosygin, A.I. 423, 435, 438
Kotkin, S. 352
Kotlin Island 114, 120
Kovalev, S. 555
Kozlov, F.R. 433
Kozyrev, A. 484
Krasnodar, 440
Krasnopevtsev, L. 419
Kremlin 22, 26, 37, 47, 49, 52, 56–9, 67, 73, 78, 94–6, 101, 115, 230, 362, 368, 404, 408–9, 413, 427, 437–8, 449, 458–9, 469, 471, 471, 484, 490–2, 494, 504, 509, 539–40, 552, 558
Kritsman, L. 301
Krivichi 3
Krokodil 425, 438
Kronshlot 111, 114
Kronstadt 114, 308–9, 549
Kronstadt Revolt 309, 549
Kropotkin, P. 227
krugovaia poruka: see collective
responsibility
Krupskaia, N. 311–12
Krylov, I. 192
Kuban 380
Kuban Cossacks 296
Kuchuk Kainarji, Treaty of, 135–6, 195, 544
kulak, xx, 228, 259, 302, 314–16, 323, 325–7, 329, 347–52, 362, 368, 370, 550
Kulikovo, Battle of, 24, 27, 540
Kunst-Kamera (St Petersburg) 118
Kunstkammer (Dresden) 106
Kurbskii, A.M. 61
Kurland 172
Kursk 298, 381–3, 432, 505, 551
Kursk (submarine) 509, 558
Kutuzov, M. 177
Kyoto Treaty 560
Kyrgyzstan 469, 487, 506, 515, 517, 519, 556–7, 560
labour: see workers
labour camps 295, 342, 349, 351, 393, 402, 416, 483, 504; see also GULAG
labour discipline 282, 358–9, 371
labour unions: see trade unions
Lake Ladoga 34, 128
Lake Onega 34–5
Lake Peipus 9, 15, 540
Lake Pleshcheevo 101
‘Land and Freedom’ 227, 546
land captain 547
Landé, J.B. 131
landholding 37, 40–2, 46–8, 51, 53, 62, 71, 74, 97, 149, 170, 207, 214, 218
Lapps 34, 51
Larina, A. 369
Larionov, A.N. 431
Latinizers 97
Latvia 256, 375, 395, 462, 484, 554
Laurentian Chronicle 26
Lavrentii (monk) 27
Lavrov, P. 227, 546
Lavrov, S. 516
law 5, 8, 17, 20, 48, 50–2, 54, 57, 60, 80–2, 89, 92, 112, 114, 117, 123, 125, 128, 130, 133, 138, 142–3, 146, 154, 158–9, 171–3, 181, 187–8, 192, 203, 206, 210, 215, 221, 223, 229, 233–5, 247–8, 252–3, 255–6, 258, 260–2, 267, 274–8, 285, 287, 289, 293, 308, 310, 326, 329–32, 335–6, 344, 354, 356–7, 371, 374, 385–6, 393, 410, 434, 449, 452, 464–5, 468, 470–1, 474, 483, 490, 492, 495, 500, 503, 506–9, 522, 540–7, 550, 554, 559–61
law codes 5, 51, 52, 54, 57, 81–2, 187, 197, 540–2, 545
Law of Succession 133, 274
Law on Parties 503, 559–60
Law on Provincial Police 158, 544
Lazurkina, D.A. 426
League of Nations 320
Lebed, A. 469, 556
Lefort, F. 102, 107–8
left-wing communism 301
Legislative Commission 143, 161, 172, 544
Leibniz, G.W. von 107, 119, 120
Lejeune, L. 177
Lena Goldfields 263, 548
Lend-Lease 389, 392–3, 551
Lenin, V.I. 101, 240, 247–9, 264, 280–1, 286–90, 292–6, 299–306, 310–12, 316, 319, 321, 326, 338, 341–2, 352–3, 355, 360, 364, 375, 381–2, 385, 390, 396–7, 404, 411–14, 420, 423, 426–9, 468, 460, 490, 547–9, 551–2
Lenin Enrolment 316, 549
Leningrad 312, 352–4, 375, 381–2, 390, 396–7, 404, 412–14, 426, 460, 490, 551–2; see also St Petersburg;
Petrograd
‘Leningrad affair’ 404, 412, 414, 552
Leopold I 106
Lermontov, M. 190
Leslie, A. 77
Lesnaia 115
Lessons of October 312
Leszczyñski, S. 115–16
‘Letters from Afar’ 290
Leveling (uranilovka) 407
Levin, E. 43
Lewin, M. 345, 353, 367, 373
Liapunov, P. 72
Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) 502, 555
liberalism 182, 192, 208, 272, 279, 281, 411, 478, 496, 522
liberation movement 218, 221, 254
Liberman, E. 435
Life of St Peter 27
Lifland 172
Lincoln, W.B. 202
lishentsy xx, 303, 327
Literary Front 356
Lithuania 18, 22–4, 26, 28–30, 32–3, 39, 41, 51, 65, 67–71, 75, 78, 81, 83–5, 97–8, 103, 106, 151, 371, 375, 382, 395, 425, 432, 462, 484, 541–2, 554
Litvinenko, A. 561
Liubech 539
Livland 114, 135
Livonia 32, 41, 48, 53, 60, 64, 70, 86, 109, 541
Livonian War 41, 53, 60, 64, 541
loans 53, 55, 75, 83, 148, 245, 264, 454–5, 473–4, 478, 480, 487, 504, 525, 557
Locarno Pact 320
Lomonosov, M. 115, 130, 133, 162
London 85, 107, 388–9, 507
London Club 558
Lopukhina, E. 101
Loris-Melikov, M.T. 230–1
Lovat-Volkhov 1
lubok (wood-block) 143
Lukashenko, A. 521
Lunacharskii, A.V. 304
Luzhkov, Iu. 492
Lvov, 67
Lvov, Prince G. 276, 286
Lysenko, T.D. 397
Machine Tractor Stations 349, 351, 424, 431
Macmillan, H. 428
Madagascar, 119
Madrid Conference 557
Magnitogorsk 346, 352–3, 356, 361
Magnitskii, L. 109
Magnitskii, M. 182
Main Land Committee 279, 285
Makarii, Metropolitan 58
Makarov, A. 114
Malenkov, G. 398, 404, 409–13, 422, 424, 552
Malevich, K. 338
Malia, M. 283
Maloiaroslavets 178
Malta, knights of, 105
Mamai 23–4
Manchukuo 370
Manchuria 264, 383, 393, 551
Mandelshtam, O. 339
Mandelstam, N. 369
manifesto 92, 95, 109, 146–7, 157, 208, 231–2, 237, 255, 493, 495, 543–4, 546, 548
Manstein, F.E. 381
Mansy 34
manufaktura xx
Mao Tse-tung 396, 402–3
Mari 42
Maria Fedorovna 173
Markov, A. 414
Marquis of Carmarthen 107
marriage 8, 10, 17, 20, 32, 43–4, 49, 68, 87, 90, 101, 116–7, 121, 124, 143, 159, 213, 223, 305, 331–3, 543, 549
Marshall Plan 400
Martov, Iu. 548
Marx, K. 200, 253, 335, 413, 546
Marxism 242, 247, 266, 303, 305, 320–1, 357, 360, 414, 437–8
Marxism-Leninism, Institute of, 360, 437
Maryna, tsarina 70
Maskhadov, S. 556, 560
masonry, 165–6, 183
Matveev, A.S. 86, 90, 94–5, 100
Maxim, Metropolitan 18, 25–6
Maximilian of Habsburg 73
Maximilian II 49
May Day 305, 312
May Laws 256, 547
Mayakovsky, V. 339
Mazepa, I. 115, 119
Mecklenburg-Schwerin, duke of, 116, 128
medicine 115, 331, 374, 391
Mediterranean 31, 135
Medvedev, D. 520, 523–5, 562
Medvedev, R. 369, 489
Medvedev, S. 93, 97
Menatep Bank 473
Mennonites 153
Mensheviks 246–8, 263, 281, 284–5, 291, 296, 343, 548
Menshikov, A. 111–14, 116, 121–2, 124–5, 127, 543
mercantilism 32, 154
merchants 3, 5, 7, 37–8, 75, 77–8, 81–2, 86, 92, 102, 107–9, 113, 116, 135, 137–40, 155, 219, 221, 223–4
Merezhkovskii, D. 265
meshchane 138, 221; see also townspeople
meshochniki 303
mestnichestvo 49, 92, 147
Mexico 500
Meyerhold, V. 357
Mezen 34
Mezetskie 39
Michael, Tsar 73–5, 79, 89, 541
Michael Castle 166
Michael, Grand Duke 274
middle class 77, 170, 273, 481, 511
Middle East 195, 390, 517
middle peasant (seredniak) 302, 329, 348–9
Mikhail Iaroslavich 17
Mikhail of Chernigov 16
Mikhail of Tver 25
Mikhailovskii, N.K. 238–9
Mikhalkov, N. 512
military 3–5, 9, 11, 16–17, 19, 21–2, 30, 37, 42, 47, 49–50, 52, 57, 59–63, 66, 69–72, 75–8, 83, 86, 91–2, 95, 98, 103–4, 106–9, 111–12, 117–18, 124–5, 128–9, 135, 140, 144, 146, 156–7, 162, 166, 169, 171, 176, 181–2, 184, 191, 196–7, 200, 202, 208, 211, 216, 218, 222–4, 229, 232, 234, 244, 252, 254, 258–9, 261, 264, 265, 270–3, 277, 286, 288, 291, 293, 297, 299–300, 305, 307, 309, 319–21, 346, 347, 359, 364, 366, 369, 372, 375–81, 384–6, 388, 390, 394–5, 399–403, 408, 415, 417, 422–3, 428, 437, 445–6, 449, 452, 456–8, 463, 472, 484–5, 487, 489, 491–2, 494, 502–3, 507, 509–10, 515, 517–19, 523, 546, 555–62
Miliukov, P.N. 91, 250, 254, 266, 276, 280
Miliutin, N. 202
Millennium Manifesto 495
Miloslavskiis, 90, 92, 94, 96, 101, 105, 128
Miloševićc, S. 484
miners 263, 363, 554, 556–7
Minin, K. 72
Minor, The 164
minorities xii, 132, 151, 158, 199, 223–4, 232–3, 244, 252, 255–7, 261, 273, 277, 283, 330, 438, 446, 448–9, 465, 526
Minsk 86
mir 86
MMM stock fund 555
Mniszech, J. 67–8
Mniszech, M. 68, 70
modernism 265, 305
modernization 239, 443, 518
Mohyla, P. 78
Mohyla Academy 118
Moiseev, I. 362
Moldova 151, 520, 554
Molotov, V.M. 319, 345, 367, 379, 409–10, 414, 422, 426
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact 379
monastery 8, 10, 21, 24, 26, 35, 37, 40, 42, 44, 56–7, 65, 67–8, 71, 76, 87, 89, 97–9, 102, 105, 108, 119, 122, 141, 159, 219, 223, 335, 337, 429, 539–40, 559
money 18, 76, 95, 151, 153, 155, 188, 216, 286, 300, 322, 392, 430, 454, 466, 474, 476, 479, 506
Monastery of the Cave 8, 10
Mongolia 14, 264
Mongols 13–18
Mons, A. 102
Mons, W. 124
Montesquieu, C.L. 175
Mordva 42
Morozov, B.I. 80–1
Mosalskie 39
Moscow 13, 16–19, 21–9, 31, 36–8, 40–1, 46, 48–52, 54, 57–9, 62, 65, 67–73, 75–81, 83–7, 91, 93–4, 96, 98–9, 102–3, 106, 115, 119, 121, 123, 126, 130, 138–9, 157, 161–3, 175, 177, 179, 196, 203, 206, 230, 240, 253, 255, 263, 272, 276, 287, 289, 293, 297, 300, 315, 317–18, 328, 352, 359, 361, 363, 367, 374, 375–6, 379–80, 383, 385–6, 389, 395–6, 401–2, 404–5, 410–13, 416, 418–19, 421–22, 426, 429, 432, 433–8, 440, 445–6, 452, 456–9, 461–4, 466, 480, 483–90, 492, 496, 499, 501, 504, 506–8, 513, 515–21, 523–24, 539–45, 554–5, 560–1
‘Moscow Consensus’ 499, 501
Moscow General Hospital and Surgical School 107
Moscow Metro 361, 363
Moscow School of Mathematics and Navigation 109, 543
Moscow State University 396, 419, 452
Moscow University 162–3, 544
Moscow-Volga Canal 367
Mosfilm 473
Mozhaisk 20–2, 57
Mstislav Iziaslavich 11–12
Mstislavskie princes 39
MTS xxi; see Machine Tractor
Stations
Müller, G.F. 130
Multi-polarity 482
Munich Agreement 371
Münnich, B. von 127, 129
Murom 46
music 87, 103, 265, 339, 343, 397, 469, 494
Musketeers: see Streltsy
Muslim Congress 283
Mussorgsky, M. 66
Nagasaki
383
Nagorno-Karabakh 462, 554
Namibia 475
Nagy, I. 418
namestnik 50
Napoleon 166, 168, 174–80, 182, 196, 545
narodnichestvo 226
narodnost 187
Narva 57, 110–11, 114, 543
Narva 111
Naryshkina, N. 90, 94
Naryshkins 90, 95–6, 101
National Missile Defense (NMD) 484–5, 517–18, 523, 557, 562
National Security Council 469
national self-determination 179, 256, 299
National Well-Being Fund 498, 562
nationalism 179, 183, 186, 197, 257, 270, 283, 360, 402, 426, 446, 449, 462
nationality xi-xii, 186–7, 191–3, 197, 282, 299, 351, 408
NATO 403, 484–5, 515, 518–20, 523, 552, 557–8
natural gas 454–5, 498–99, 501, 505, 519–20, 522, 561–2
natural law 92
Naval Academy 110, 543
Navy 107, 109, 111, 134, 249, 261, 264, 377, 472
Nazi Germany 383, 387, 551
Nazimov Rescript 204, 546
‘near abroad’ 464, 484, 486, 520
Near East 300
neformaly 461
Nekrich, A. 437–8, 553
Nemtsov, B. 484
Nentsy, 34, 51
neoliberalism 465–6, 472, 475, 478, 496, 499, 507
NEP xxi; see New Economic Policy
Nepman 326–7, 339
Nerchinsk, Treaty of, 98, 113, 542
Nerl 12
Neva River 15, 114, 133, 194, 290, 311, 423, 438–9, 449, 539, 548, 553
New Commercial Stattue 86
New Economic Policy (NEP) xxi,
307–10, 312–28, 330, 332–3, 335–7, 339–40, 343–4, 347, 549
‘new realism’ 515
New Russia 154
‘new Russians’ 480
New Serbia 129
New Soviet Man 329–30, 332, 334–6, 338, 363
New Union Treaty 463
New York 289
newspapers 212, 244, 293, 315, 404, 407, 460, 504, 543
Newton, I. 106, 116
Nezhit 44
NGO 500, 505–6, 517, 561
Nicaragua 521
Nicholas I 182–4, 190, 197, 200, 205, 210, 219, 223, 238–9, 245, 255, 545
Nicholas II 238–40, 251, 255, 265, 267, 270–1, 274, 282, 547–8
Niemen 175
Nikon, Patriarch 80, 85, 88–90, 542
Nikon Chronicle 45
Nineteenth Party Conference 554
Nineteenth Party Congress 552
Ninth Five-Year Plan 443
Nizhnii Novgorod 21, 24, 36, 70, 72
NKVD 359, 364–5, 367–8, 370, 377, 550, 552
Nobel 219
Nobel Prize 429, 478, 552, 558
nobility 65–7, 69, 72, 81, 85, 91–2, 96, 102, 112–3, 122, 126, 128, 137, 141–2, 144–50, 154–7, 162–3, 167, 169–70, 172, 175–6, 180, 185, 188–90, 201–2, 204–6, 208, 215, 218–19, 225, 227, 229–30, 232, 261, 339, 544, 546–7; see also gentry
Noble Bank 232, 544
Noble Cadet Corps 128
Noble Land Bank 148, 547
Nogai Horde 16, 39, 41–2
Russia A History Page 68