Professor Maxwell's Duplicitous Demon

by Brian Clegg

  Eco, Umberto 1

  Eddington, Arthur 1

  Edinburgh, family homes in 1, 2

  Edinburgh Academy 1

  Edinburgh, University of, JCM at 1

  Einstein, Albert and ether 1

  and gravity 1

  on JCM 1, 2, 3

  on light 1

  move to Princeton 1

  Nobel Prize 1

  om molecules 1

  as physicist 1

  and quantum physics 1, 2

  and students 1

  see also relativity

  elasticity 1, 2, 3, 4

  electric permittivity 1

  electrical charge see charge

  electrical discharges 1

  electrical energy 1

  electrical field, strength 1

  electrical repulsion 1

  electrical shocks 1

  electricity 1 natural 1

  electro-biology 1

  electro-magnetic chronoscope 1

  electromagnetic spheres 1

  electromagnetic waves applying pressure to matter 1

  experimental verification 1

  speed 1

  electromagnetism birth 1

  as JCM claim to fame 1

  mathematical model 1

  Maxwell’s equations 1

  mechanical model 1

  electrons 1

  electrostatic attraction 1

  elements 1

  Elliott Brothers 1

  Empedocles 1

  English Men of Science 1

  entropy 1, 2, 3, 4

  epicycles 1

  erasure of memory 1, 2

  erysipelas 1

  ether 1, 2, 3 JCM on 1, 2

  pressure in 1

  waves in 1

  eugenics 1

  evolution 1, 2

  exercise, JCM enthusiasm for 1

  experiment, JCM on importance of 1

  F

  farad 1

  Faraday, Michael and birth of electromagnetism 1

  correspondence with JCM 1, 2, 3

  early life 1

  and induction 1, 2, 3

  and JCM 1, 2

  on light 1

  as professional scientist 1, 2

  and Royal Institution 1, 2, 3, 4

  on table-turning 1

  and transatlantic cable 1

  Fawcett, Philippa 1

  Fawcett, William 1

  feedback mechanisms 1

  fellowships 1

  Feynman, Richard 1, 2, 3

  fields 1, 2, 3

  first law of thermodynamics see conservation of energy

  Fizeau, Armand 1, 2

  flux density 1

  foot 1

  Forbes, James and JCM move to Aberdeen 1

  on light 1

  and probability theory 1

  successor appointment 1

  support of young JCM 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

  testimonial for JCM 1

  Forfar, David 1

  Foucault, Léon 1

  Foucault’s pendulum 1

  Fourier, Joseph 1

  Fourier analysis 1

  Fox Talbot, W.H. 1

  Franklin, Benjamin 1, 2

  free energy 1

  Fresnel, Augustin 1

  Friday Night Discourses 1

  Friend, Richard 1

  Fulcher, Robert 1

  functions 1

  G

  Gaelic Astronomy 1

  Galileo Galilei 1, 2, 3

  Galton, Francis 1

  Garnett, William 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

  gases, behaviour 1

  Gassiot, John 1

  Gathorne-Hardy, Gathorne 1

  Gauss’s law 1

  genetics 1

  Gilbert, William 1

  Gill, David 1, 2

  Girton College, Cambridge 1

  Gladstone, William 1

  Glenlair 1, 2 JCM breaks at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

  JCM as estate head 1, 2, 3

  JCM return home to 1

  laboratory at 1, 2

  life at 1

  transformation 1

  governors 1

  gradient (grad) 1

  Graunt, John 1

  gravitation 1, 2, 3

  gravitational constant 1, 2

  gravity, as attractive force 1, 2

  Great Exhibition 1

  Great London Exposition 1

  Greyfriars church (Aberdeen) 1

  gun cotton 1

  H

  Hamilton, William (mathematician) 1

  Hamilton, William (philosopher) 1

  Hawking, Stephen 1, 2, 3

  Hay, David Ramsey 1, 2

  heat, nature of 1, 2, 3

  heat engines 1

  Heaviside, Oliver 1, 2

  Heaviside layer 1

  Helmholtz, Hermann von 1, 2, 3, 4

  Hemmo, Meir 1

  Hertz, Heinrich 1

  Higgs boson 1

  Hitchin 1

  Hockin, Charles 1

  Hopkins, William 1

  Hunter, John 1

  Huxley, Thomas 1, 2

  Huygens, Christiaan 1

  hydraulic ram 1

  hydrogen 1, 2

  I

  idle wheels 1

  imaginary numbers 1

  Imperial units 1

  individuality 1

  induction 1, 2, 3, 4

  information theory 1, 2, 3

  Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) 1

  insulators 1, 2, 3

  integrals 1

  International Exposition 1

  inverse square laws 1, 2

  inverted delta operator see del

  ions 1

  The Ironmonger 1

  Italy, Maxwells in 1

  J

  Jamin, Jules 1

  Jeans, James 1, 2

  Jeans, Susi 1

  Jenkin, Henry Fleeming 1, 2, 3, 4

  Jolly, Phillip von 1

  Joule, James 1

  Jupiter 1

  K

  Kant, Immanuel 1, 2

  Kelland, Philip 1, 2, 3

  Kelvin, Lord see Thomson, William

  Kelvin scale 1

  Kepler, Johannes 1

  Kew Observatory 1

  kinetic energy 1, 2

  kinetic theory of gases 1, 2, 3, 4

  King’s College (Aberdeen) 1, 2, 3

  King’s College London fees 1

  JCM appointment 1

  JCM departure 1

  JCM inaugural lecture 1

  JCM work at 1, 2

  Kirchhoff, Gustav 1

  kites 1, 2

  knot theory 1

  L

  Lagrange, Jean-Louis 1

  Lagrangian 1

  Landauer, Rolf 1

  Laplace, Pierre-Simon 1

  laws of nature 1

  leader 1

  Lebedev, Pyotr 1

  Leiden jar 1

  light Faraday on 1

  interaction with matter 1

  nature of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

  as photons 1

  polarisation 1 2

  pressure from 1, 2

  speed of 1, 2

  see also colours

  light boxes 1, 2

  lightning 1

  lightning rod 1

  LIGO gravitational wave observatories 1

  lines of force 1, 2, 3, 4

  Litchfield, Richard 1

  lithography 1

  lodestones 1, 2

  London Mathematical Society 1

  Lovelace, Ada, Countess of 1

  Lucasian Professors of Mathematics 1, 2, 3

  M

  magenta 1

  magic discs 1

  magnetic energy 1, 2

  magnetic field, zero divergence 1

  magnetic flux 1

  magnetic matter 1

  magnetic monopoles 1

  magnetic permeability 1

  magnetic poles 1

  magnetising field 1

  Mahon, Basil 1

  Marischal College 1 JCM appointment 1

  J
CM departure 1

  JCM work at 1

  merger with King’s College 1

  principal 1

  Mathematical Tripos 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

  matrix mathematics 1

  Maxwell, Frances (née Cay) 1

  Maxwell, James Clerk accolades 1, 2

  Adams Prize winner 1

  birth 1

  books see books by JCM

  Cambridge days 1, 2

  cancer 1

  Cavendish Professor of Experimental Physics 1, 2, 3

  correspondence with Faraday 1, 2, 3

  death 1

  ‘demon’ thought experiment described 1

  early life 1

  Edinburgh University 1

  as experimenter 1

  family life 1, 2

  Fellow of Royal Society 1

  as first scientist 1

  humour 1, 2, 3

  as lecturer 1

  legacy 1

  magistrate 1

  marriage 1

  nickname 1

  as outsider 1

  papers see papers by JCM

  personality 1

  professorship 1

  public awareness of 1

  questionnaire on himself 1

  religious faith 1

  salary 1

  St Andrews application 1

  and students 1, 2

  teamwork 1

  and women students 1

  and working men’s organisations 1, 2

  writing see books by JCM; papers by JCM

  Maxwell, John Clerk 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

  Maxwell, Katherine (née Dewar) 1, 2 at Glenlair 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

  in Italy 1

  in London 1, 2

  nature 1

  Maxwell distribution 1, 2

  Maxwell gap 1

  mean free path 1, 2

  measurement, effect of act of 1

  memory erasure 1, 2

  Mendel, Gregor 1

  metre 1, 2

  metric system 1

  mica 1

  Michelson, Edward 1

  mile 1

  moderators 1

  molecules 1 evidence for existence 1

  JCM discourse on 1

  sizes 1, 2

  speeds of 1

  structure 1

  Monro, Cecil 1, 2

  Morley, Albert 1

  Morrison, Mrs 1

  Motte, Andrew 1

  multi-lensed instruments 1

  Music Hall Company 1

  N

  nabla see del

  Napier, James 1

  Natural History Museum 1

  natural numbers 1

  Natural Sciences Tripos, physics in 1, 2, 3

  Nature 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

  nature versus nurture 1

  Neptune, discovery 1

  New Cavendish Laboratory 1

  Newton, Isaac background 1

  books 1

  gravitational theory 1, 2, 3

  light experiments 1

  Lucasian Professor 1, 2

  as physicist 1, 2

  Principia 1, 2

  religious beliefs 1

  and Royal Mint 1

  and students 1

  Nicol, William 1, 2

  noumena 1, 2

  nuclear chain reaction 1

  nurture, nature versus 1

  O

  observer, and experiment 1

  Oersted, Hans Christian 1

  offset lithography 1

  Ohm, Georg 1

  ohm 1

  operator notation 1

  operators 1

  ophthalmoscopes 1

  optical instruments 1

  Oxford, University of 1, 2

  P

  Palace Gardens Terrace 1, 2

  papers by JCM A Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field 1

  On Faraday’s Lines of Force 1

  On Governors 1

  On Physical Lines of Force 1, 2

  partitioned box 1

  Parton 1, 2

  Peierls, Rudolf 1

  Penicuik 1

  Peregrinus, Peter 1

  perpetual motion 1

  Peterhouse College 1

  phenomena 1, 2

  Philosophical Magazine 1

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  photoelectric cell 1

  photography 1, 2

  photolithography 1

  photons 1

  physics at Cambridge 1, 2, 3

  JCM vision for 1

  teaching laboratories 1

  transformation 1, 2

  pigments 1, 2, 3

  pixels 1

  Planck, Max 1, 2

  planetary systems, formation 1

  Pliny the Elder 1

  Poincaré, Henri 1, 2, 3

  polarisation 1, 2

  potential energy 1

  power electrical 1

  mechanical 1

  pressure, temperature and 1

  Princeton 1

  prisms 1

  Pritchard, Chris 1

  probability theory 1, 2

  Prussian Academy of Sciences 1

  public schools 1

  Pupin, Michael 1

  Q

  quantum states 1

  quantum theory 1, 2, 3

  quantum tomography 1

  quaternions 1

  questionnaires 1

  quintessence 1

  R

  radiation pressure 1, 2

  radio waves 1

  rainbow 1

  Ramage, John 1, 2

  Ramsay, Dean 1

  Rayleigh, Lord see Strutt, John

  real numbers 1

  reflection 1

  refraction 1

  refrigerators 1

  relativity 1, 2, 3, 4

  relaxation time 1

  repulsion electrical 1

  modelling 1

  resistance standard for 1

  unit of 1

  resistors, standard 1

  reversibility 1

  riding accident 1

  Riebau, George 1

  Romer, Ole 1

  Routh, Edward 1, 2

  Royal Commission on Scientific Education 1

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  debate on first scientist 1

  establishment 1, 2

  Friday Night Discourses 1, 2, 3

  JCM lectures at 1

  public demonstrations 1

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  Maxwell presentations to 1, 2

  Royal Society of Edinburgh 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

  RSSA 1

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  Rutherford, Ernest 1

  S

  ‘The Sand Reckoner’ 1

  Saturn, rings of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

  scalars 1, 2

  Schuster, Arthur 1, 2

  Science Museum 1

  scientific method 1

  Scroope Terrace, Cambridge 1

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  demon summoned 1, 2

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  and entropy 1, 2

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  Shelley, Mary (née Godwin) 1

  Shenker, Orly 1

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  Smalley, George Roberts 1, 2, 3

  smell, promulgation 1

  Smith, William Robertson 1

  Smith’s Prize 1, 2

  solar wind 1

  ‘The Song of the Atlantic Telegraph Company’ 1

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  St Andrews, University of 1

  St Johns College, Cambridge 1

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  stars 1

  static theory of gases 1

  statistics 1

  ste
am engines 1, 2, 3, 4

  stereoscopes 1

  Stewart, Allan 1, 2

  Stewart, Balfour 1

  Stokes, George 1, 2, 3, 4

  stress 1

  Strutt, John (Lord Rayleigh) 1, 2, 3, 4

  Sullivan, Roy 1

  Sun 1

  superconducting cavity 1

  supervisions 1

  Sutton, Thomas 1

  Szilard, Leo 1, 2

  T

  table-turning 1

  Tait, Peter on atoms 1

  and Crookes radiometer 1

  Edinburgh appointment 1

  as friend of JCM 1, 2, 3

  on JCM 1, 2

  JCM catechism on demons for 1

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  and symbol names 1

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  temperature 1, 2 and pressure 1

  scales 1

  and viscosity 1, 2

  terrella 1

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  thermostat 1

  Thomson, David 1

  Thomson, J.J. 1, 2

  Thomson, William (Lord Kelvin) 1, 2 on atoms 1

  and Cavendish Laboratory 1

  and Cavendish Professorship 1, 2

  on ‘demons’ 1

  on heat flow 1

  and JCM’s theory 1

  as leading physicist 1

  physics teaching laboratory 1

  professorship 1, 2

  testimonial for JCM 1

  and thermodynamics 1, 2, 3, 4

  and transatlantic cable 1, 2, 3

  on vortices 1

  thunder 1

  thunderstones 1

  topology 1

  transatlantic cable 1, 2, 3

  triboelectric effect 1

  Trinity College, Cambridge JCM funeral at 1

  JCM transfer to 1

  Newton at 1

  Tripos 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

  Tron church (Glasgow) 1

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  Tyndall, John 1

  U

  units standardisation 1, 2

  systems 1

  universe, model of structure 1