Delphi Complete Works of Pausanias

by Pausanias

  [10.9] Lycinus of Heraea, Epicradius of Mantineia, Tellon of Oresthas, and Agiadas of Elis won victories in boys’ matches; Lycinus for running, the rest of them for boxing. The artist who made the statue of Epicradius was Ptolichus of Aegina; that of Agiadas was made by Serambus, also a native of Aegina. The statue of Lycinus is the work of Cleon. Who made the statue of Tellon is not related.

  11. ἐφεξῆς τούτων ἀναθήματά ἐστιν Ἠλείων, Φίλιππος ὁ Ἀμύντου καὶ Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Φιλίππου καὶ Σέλευκός τε καὶ Ἀντίγονος: τοῖς μὲν δὴ ἐφ᾽ ἵππων, Ἀντιγόνῳ δὲ ἀνὴρ πεζός ἐστιν ἡ εἰκών.

  [11.1] XI. Next to these are offerings of Eleans, representing Philip the son of Amyntas, Alexander the son of Philip, Seleucus and Antigonus. Antigonus is on foot; the rest are on horseback.

  [2] τῶν δὲ βασιλέων τῶν εἰρημένων ἕστηκεν οὐ πόρρω Θεαγένης ὁ Τιμοσθένους Θάσιος: Θάσιοι δὲ οὐ Τιμοσθένους παῖδα εἶναι Θεαγένην φασίν, ἀλλὰ ἱερᾶσθαι μὲν Ἡρακλεῖ τὸν Τιμοσθένην Θασίῳ, τοῦ Θεαγένους δὲ τῇ μητρὶ Ἡρακλέους συγγενέσθαι φάσμα ἐοικὸς Τιμοσθένει. ἔνατόν τε δὴ ἔτος εἶναι τῷ παιδὶ καὶ αὐτὸν ἀπὸ τῶν διδασκάλων φασὶν ἐς τὴν οἰκίαν ἐρχόμενον ἄγαλμα ὅτου δὴ θεῶν ἀνακείμενον ἐν τῇ ἀγορᾷ χαλκοῦν — χαίρειν γὰρ τῷ ἀγάλματι αὐτόν — , ἀνασπάσαι τε δὴ τὸ ἄγαλμα καὶ ἐπὶ τὸν ἕτερον τῶν ὤμων ἀναθέμενον ἐνεγκεῖν παρ᾽ αὑτόν.

  [11.2] Not far from the kings mentioned stands a Thasian, Theagenes the son of Timosthenes. The Thasians say that Timosthenes was not the father of Theagenes, but a priest of the Thasian Heracles, a phantom of whom in the likeness of Timosthenes had intercourse with the mother of Theagenes. In his ninth year, they say, as he was going home from school, he was attracted by a bronze image of some god or other in the marketplace; so he caught up the image, placed it on one of his shoulders and carried it home.

  [3] ἐχόντων δὲ ὀργὴν ἐς αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τῷ πεποιημένῳ τῶν πολιτῶν, ἀνήρ τις αὐτῶν δόκιμος καὶ ἡλικίᾳ προήκων ἀποκτεῖναι μὲν σφᾶς τὸν παῖδα οὐκ ἐᾷ, ἐκεῖνον δὲ ἐκέλευσεν ἐκ τῆς οἰκίας αὖθις κομίσαι τὸ ἄγαλμα ἐς τὴν ἀγοράν: ὡς δὲ ἤνεγκε, μέγα αὐτίκα ἦν κλέος τοῦ παιδὸς ἐπὶ ἰσχύι, καὶ τὸ ἔργον ἀνὰ πᾶσαν ἐβεβόητο τὴν Ἑλλάδα.

  [11.3] The citizens were enraged at what he had done, but one of them, a respected man of advanced years, bade them not to kill the lad, and ordered him to carry the image from his home back again to the market-place. This he did, and at once became famous for his strength, his feat being noised abroad through-out Greece.

  [4] ὅσα μὲν δὴ ἔργων τῶν Θεαγένους ἐς τὸν ἀγῶνα ἥκει τὸν Ὀλυμπικόν, προεδήλωσεν ὁ λόγος ἤδη μοι τὰ δοκιμώτατα ἐξ αὐτῶν, Εὔθυμόν τε ὡς κατεμαχέσατο τὸν πύκτην καὶ ὡς ὑπὸ Ἠλείων ἐπεβλήθη τῷ Θεαγένει ζημία. τότε μὲν δὴ τοῦ παγκρατίου τὴν νίκην ἀνὴρ ἐκ Μαντινείας Δρομεὺς ὄνομα πρῶτος ὧν ἴσμεν ἀκονιτὶ λέγεται λαβεῖν: τὴν δὲ Ὀλυμπιάδα τὴν ἐπὶ ταύτῃ παγκρατιάζων ὁ Θεαγένης ἐκράτει.

  [11.4] The achievements of Theagenes at the Olympian games have already – the most famous of them – been described in my story, how he beat Euthymus the boxer, and how he was fined by the Eleans. On this occasion the pancratium, it is said, was for the first time on record won without a contest, the victor being Dromeus of Mantineia. At the Festival following this, Theagenes was the winner in the pancratium.

  [5] γεγόνασι δὲ αὐτῷ καὶ Πυθοῖ νῖκαι τρεῖς, αὗται μὲν ἐπὶ πυγμῇ, Νεμείων δὲ ἐννέα καὶ Ἰσθμίων δέκα παγκρατίου τε ἀναμὶξ καὶ πυγμῆς. ἐν Φθίᾳ δὲ τῇ Θεσσαλῶν πυγμῆς μὲν ἢ παγκρατίου παρῆκε τὴν σπουδήν, ἐφρόντιζε δὲ ὅπως καὶ ἐπὶ δρόμῳ ἐμφανὴς ἐν Ἕλλησιν εἴη, καὶ τοὺς ἐσελθόντας ἐς τὸν δόλιχον ἐκράτησεν: ἦν δέ οἱ πρὸς Ἀχιλλέα ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν τὸ φιλοτίμημα, ἐν πατρίδι τοῦ ὠκίστου τῶν καλουμένων ἡρώων ἀνελέσθαι δρόμου νίκην. τοὺς δὲ σύμπαντας στεφάνους τετρακοσίους τε ἔσχε καὶ χιλίους.

  [11.5] He also won three victories at Pytho. These were for boxing, while nine prizes at Nemea and ten at the Isthmus were won in some cases for the pancratium and in others for boxing. At Phthia in Thessaly he gave up training for boxing and the pancratium. He devoted himself to winning fame among the Greeks for his running also, and beat those who entered for the long race. His ambition was, I think, to rival Achilles by winning a prize for running in the fatherland of the swiftest of those who are called heroes. The total number of crowns that he won was one thousand four hundred.

  [6] ὡς δὲ ἀπῆλθεν ἐξ ἀνθρώπων, ἀνὴρ τῶν τις ἀπηχθημένων ζῶντι αὐτῷ παρεγίνετο ἀνὰ πᾶσαν νύκτα ἐπὶ τοῦ Θεαγένους τὴν εἰκόνα καὶ ἐμαστίγου τὸν χαλκὸν ἅτε αὐτῷ Θεαγένει λυμαινόμενος: καὶ τὸν μὲν ὁ ἀνδριὰς ἐμπεσὼν ὕβρεως παύει, τοῦ ἀνθρώπου δὲ τοῦ ἀποθανόντος οἱ παῖδες τῇ εἰκόνι ἐπεξῄεσαν φόνου. καὶ οἱ Θάσιοι καταποντοῦσι τὴν εἰκόνα ἐπακολουθήσαντες γνώμῃ τῇ Δράκοντος, ὃς Ἀθηναίοις θεσμοὺς γράψας φονικοὺς ὑπερώρισε καὶ τὰ ἄψυχα, εἴγε ἐμπεσόν τι ἐξ αὐτῶν ἀποκτείνειεν ἄνθρωπον.

  [11.6] When he departed this life, one of those who were his enemies while he lived came every night to the statue of Theagenes and flogged the bronze as though he were ill-treating Theagenes himself. The statue put an end to the outrage by falling on him, but the sons of the dead man prosecuted the statue for murder. So the Thasians dropped the statue to the bottom of the sea, adopting the principle of Draco, who, when he framed for the Athenians laws to deal with homicide, inflicted banishment even on lifeless things, should one of them fall and kill a man.

  [7] ἀνὰ χρόνον δέ, ὡς τοῖς Θασίοις οὐδένα ἀπεδίδου καρπὸν ἡ γῆ, θεωροὺς ἀποστέλλουσιν ἐς Δελφούς, καὶ αὐτοῖς ἔχρησεν ὁ θεὸς καταδέχεσθαι τοὺς δεδιωγμένους. καὶ οἱ μὲν ἐπὶ τῷ λόγῳ τούτῳ καταδεχθέντες οὐδὲν τῆς ἀκαρπίας παρείχοντο ἴαμα: δεύτερα οὖν ἐπὶ τὴν Πυθίαν ἔρχονται, λέγοντες ὡς καὶ ποιήσασιν αὐτοῖς τὰ χρησθέντα διαμένοι τὸ ἐκ τῶν θεῶν μήνιμα.

  [11.7] But in course of time, when the earth yielded no crop to the Thasians, they sent envoys to Delphi, and the god instructed them to receive back the exiles. At this command they received them back, but their restoration brought no remedy of the famine. So for the second time they went to the Pythian priestess, saying that although they had obeyed her instructions the wrath of the gods still abode with them.

/>   [8] ἐνταῦθα ἀπεκρίνατό σφισιν ἡ Πυθία:”Θεαγένην δ᾽ ἄμνηστον ἀφήκατε τὸν μέγαν ὑμέων.

  “ἀπορούντων δὲ αὐτῶν ὁποίᾳ μηχανῇ τοῦ Θεαγένους τὴν εἰκόνα ἀνασώσωνται, φασὶν ἁλιέας ἀναχθέντας ἐς τὸ πέλαγος ἐπὶ ἰχθύων θήραν περισχεῖν τῷ δικτύῳ τὴν εἰκόνα καὶ ἀνενεγκεῖν αὖθις ἐς τὴν γῆν: Θάσιοι δὲ ἀναθέντες, ἔνθα καὶ ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἔκειτο, νομίζουσιν ἅτε θεῷ θύειν.

  [11.8] Whereupon the Pythian priestess replied to them:–

  But you have forgotten your great Theagenes.

  And when they could not think of a contrivance to recover the statue of Theagenes, fishermen, they say, after putting out to sea for a catch of fish caught the statue in their net and brought it back to land. The Thasians set it up in its original position, and are wont to sacrifice to him as to a god.

  [9] πολλαχοῦ δὲ καὶ ἑτέρωθι ἔν τε Ἕλλησιν οἶδα καὶ παρὰ βαρβάροις ἀγάλματα ἱδρυμένα Θεαγένους καὶ νοσήματά τε αὐτὸν ἰώμενον καὶ ἔχοντα παρὰ τῶν ἐπιχωρίων τιμάς. ὁ δὲ ἀνδριὰς τοῦ Θεαγένους ἐστὶν ἐν τῇ Ἄλτει, τέχνη τοῦ Αἰγινήτου Γλαυκίου.

  [11.9] There are many other places that I know of, both among Greeks and among barbarians, where images of Theagenes have been set up, who cures diseases and receives honors from the natives. The statue of Theagenes is in the Altis, being the work of Glaucias of Aegina.

  12. πλησίον δὲ ἅρμα τέ ἐστι χαλκοῦν καὶ ἀνὴρ ἀναβεβηκὼς ἐπ᾽ αὐτό, κέλητες δὲ ἵπποι παρὰ τὸ ἅρμα εἷς ἑκατέρωθεν ἕστηκε καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν ἵππων καθέζονται παῖδες: ὑπομνήματα δὲ ἐπὶ νίκαις Ὀλυμπικαῖς ἐστιν Ἱέρωνος τοῦ Δεινομένους τυραννήσαντος Συρακουσίων μετὰ τὸν ἀδελφὸν Γέλωνα. τὰ δὲ ἀναθήματα οὐχ Ἱέρων ἀπέστειλεν, ἀλλ᾽ ὁ μὲν ἀποδοὺς τῷ θεῷ Δεινομένης ἐστὶν ὁ Ἱέρωνος, ἔργα δὲ τὸ μὲν Ὀνάτα τοῦ Αἰγινήτου τὸ ἅρμα, Καλάμιδος δὲ οἱ ἵπποι τε οἱ ἑκατέρωθεν καὶ ἐπ᾽ αὐτῶν εἰσιν οἱ παῖδες.

  [12.1] XII. Hard by is a bronze chariot with a man mounted upon it; race-horses, one on each side, stand beside the chariot, and on the horses are seated boys. They are memorials of Olympic victories won by Hiero the son of Deinomenes, who was tyrant of Syracuse after his brother Gelo. But the offerings were not sent by Hiero; it was Hiero’s son Deinomenes who gave them to the god, Onatas the Aeginetan who made the chariot, and Calamis who made the horses on either side and the boys on them.

  [2] παρὰ δὲ τοῦ Ἱέρωνος τὸ ἅρμα ἀνήρ ἐστιν ὁμώνυμός τε τῷ Δεινομένους καὶ ἐν Συρακούσαις καὶ οὗτος τυραννήσας, Ἱέρων δὲ ἐκαλεῖτο Ἱεροκλέους: μετὰ δὲ τὴν Ἀγαθοκλέους τοῦ πρότερον τυραννήσαντος τελευτὴν Συρακουσίοις αὖθις ἀναπεφύκει τύραννος ὁ Ἱέρων οὗτος, τὴν δὲ ἀρχὴν εἶχεν ἔτει δευτέρῳ τῆς ἕκτης Ὀλυμπιάδος ἐπὶ ταῖς εἴκοσι καὶ ἑκατόν, ἣν Κυρηναῖος στάδιον ἐνίκησεν Ἰδαῖος.

  [12.2] By the chariot of Hiero is a man of the same name as the son of Deinomenes. He too was tyrant of Syracuse, and was called Hiero the son of Hierocles. After the death of Agathocles, a former tyrant, tyranny again sprung up at Syracuse in the person of this Hiero, who came to power in the second year of the hundred and twenty-sixth Olympiad, at which Festival Idaeus of Cyrene won the foot-race.

  [3] οὗτος ὁ Ἱέρων ξενίαν πρὸς Πύρρον τὸν Αἰακίδου καὶ ὁμοῦ τῇ ξενίᾳ καὶ ἐπιγαμίαν ἐποιήσατο, Γέλωνι τῷ παιδὶ Νηρηίδα ἀγαγόμενος τὴν Πύρρου. Ῥωμαίων δὲ περὶ Σικελίας ἐς τὴν πρὸς Καρχηδονίους πόλεμον καταστάντων εἶχον μὲν οἱ Καρχηδόνιοι τῆς νήσου πλέον ἢ ἥμισυ, Ἱέρωνι δὲ συνιόντων μὲν ἄρτι ἐς τὸν πόλεμον ἑλέσθαι τὰ Καρχηδονίων ἤρεσε, μετὰ δὲ οὐ πολὺ δυνάμει τε εἶναι νομίζων τὰ Ῥωμαίων ἐχυρώτερα καὶ βεβαιότερα ἅμα ἐς φιλίαν μετεβάλετο ὡς τούτους.

  [12.3] This Hiero made an alliance with Pyrrhus the son of Aeacides, sealing it by the marriage of Gelo his son and Nereis the daughter of Pyrrhus. When the Romans went to war with Carthage for the possession of Sicily, the Carthaginians held more than half the island, and Hiero sided with them at the beginning of the war. Shortly after, however, he changed over to the Romans, thinking that they were stronger, and firmer and more reliable friends.

  [4] τοῦ δέ οἱ βίου συνέβη γενέσθαι τὴν τελευτὴν ὑπὸ Δεινομένους, γένος μὲν Συρακουσίου, δυσμενέστατα δὲ ἀνδρὸς ἐς τυραννίδα ἔχοντος, ὃς καὶ ὕστερον τούτων Ἱπποκράτει τῷ ἀδελφῷ τῷ Ἐπικύδους ἐξ Ἐρβησσοῦ παρεληλυθότι ἄρτι ἐς Συρακούσας καὶ ἐς τὸ πλῆθος ποιεῖσθαι λόγους ἀρχομένῳ ἐπέδραμεν ὡς ἀποκτενῶν τὸν Ἱπποκράτην: τοῦ δέ οἱ ἀντιστάντος, κρατήσαντες τῶν δορυφόρων ἄλλοι διαφθείρουσι τὸν Δεινομένην. τοὺς ἀνδριάντας δὲ τοῦ Ἱέρωνος ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ, ἐφ᾽ ἵππου τὸν ἕτερον, τὸν δὲ αὐτῶν πεζόν, ἀνέθεσαν μὲν τοῦ Ἱέρωνος οἱ παῖδες, ἐποίησε δὲ Μίκων Νικηράτου Συρακούσιος.

  [12.4] He met his end at the hands of Deinomenes, a Syracusan by birth and an inveterate enemy of tyranny, who afterwards, when Hippocrates the brother of Epicydes had just come from Erbessus to Syracuse and was beginning to harangue the multitude, rushed at him with intent to kill him. But Hippocrates withstood him, and certain of the bodyguard over-powered and slew Deinomenes. The statues of Hiero at Olympia, one on horseback and the other on foot, were dedicated by the sons of Hiero, the artist being Micon, a Syracusan, the son of Niceratus.

  [5] μετὰ δὲ τοῦ Ἱέρωνος τὰς εἰκόνας Ἀρεὺς ὁ Ἀκροτάτου Λακεδαιμονίων βασιλεὺς καὶ Ἄρατος ἕστηκεν ὁ Κλεινίου, καὶ αὖθις ἀναβεβηκώς ἐστιν Ἀρεὺς ἵππον. ἀνάθημα δὲ ὁ μὲν Κορινθίων ὁ Ἄρατος, Ἀρεὺς δὲ Ἠλείων ἐστί: καί μοι τοῦ λόγου τὰ πρότερα οὔτε τῶν ἐς Ἄρατον οὔτε τῶν ἐς Ἀρέα ἀμνημόνως ἔσχεν, Ἄρατος δὲ καὶ ἅρματι ἀνηγορεύθη νικῶν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ.

  [12.5] After the likenesses of Hiero stand Areus the Lacedaemonian king, the son of Acrotatus, and Aratus the son of Cleinias, with another statue of Areus on horseback. The statue of Aratus was dedicated by the Corinthians, that of Areus by the people of Elis.

  [6] Τίμωνι δὲ τῷ Αἰσύπου καθέντι ἐς Ὀλυμπίαν ἵππους ἀνδρὶ Ἠλείῳ * * ἐστι τοῦτο χαλκοῦν, ἐπ᾽ αὐτὸν ἀναβέβηκε παρθένος, ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν Νίκη. Κάλλωνα δὲ τὸν Ἁρμοδίου καὶ τὸν Μοσχίωνος Ἱππόμαχον, γέν�
�ς τε Ἠλείους καὶ πυγμῇ κρατήσαντας ἐν παισί, τὸν μὲν αὐτῶν ἐποίησε Δάιππος, Ἱππομάχου δὲ ὅστις μὲν τὸν ἀνδριάντα εἰργάσατο οὐκ ἴσμεν, καταμαχέσασθαι δὲ τρεῖς φασιν ἀνταγωνιστὰς αὐτὸν οὔτε πληγὴν ἀποδεξάμενον οὔτε τι τρωθέντα τοῦ σώματος.

  [12.6] I have already given some account of both Aratus and Areus, and Aratus was also proclaimed at Olympia as victor in the chariot-race. Timon, an Elean, the son of Aesypus, entered a four-horse chariot for the Olympic races . . . this is of bronze, and on it is mounted a maiden, who, in my opinion, is Victory. Callon the son of Harmodius and Hippomachus the son of Moschion, Elean by race, were victors in the boys’ boxing-match. The statue of Callon was made by Daippus; who made that of Hippomachus I do not know, but it is said that he overcame three antagonists without receiving a blow or any physical injury.

  [7] Θεόχρηστον δὲ Κυρηναῖον ἱπποτροφήσαντα κατὰ τὸ ἐπιχώριον τοῖς Λίβυσι καὶ αὐτόν τε ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ καὶ ἔτι πρότερον τὸν ὁμώνυμόν τε αὐτῷ καὶ τοῦ πατρὸς πατέρα, τούτους μὲν ἐνταῦθα ἵππων νίκας, ἐν δὲ Ἰσθμῷ τοῦ Θεοχρήστου λαβεῖν τὸν πατέρα, τὸ ἐπίγραμμα δηλοῖ τὸ ἐπὶ τῷ ἅρματι.

  [12.7] Theochrestus of Cyrene bred horses after the traditional Libyan manner; he himself and before him his paternal grandfather of the same name won victories at Olympia with the four-horse chariot, while the father of Theochrestus won a victory at the Isthmus. So declares the inscription on the chariot.