Delphi Complete Works of Pausanias

by Pausanias

  [10] ἐν δὲ οἰκήματι κατευθὺ τῆς ὁδοῦ, χαλκοῦ καὶ ταῦτα, ἔστι μὲν Ποσειδῶν καὶ Ἡρακλῆς, ἐστι δὲ Ζεύς τε καὶ Ἀθηνᾶ: θεοὺς δὲ σφᾶς καλοῦσιν ἐξ Ἄργους, ὡς μὲν ὁ Ἀργείων ἔχει λόγος, ὅτι ἐποιήθησαν ἐν τῇ πόλει τῇ Ἀργείων, ὡς δὲ αὐτοὶ λέγουσιν οἱ Αἰγιεῖς, παρακαταθήκη σφίσιν ὑπὸ Ἀργείων ἐδόθη τὰ ἀγάλματα.

  [23.10] In a building right in front of the entrance are images, of bronze like the others, representing Poseidon, Heracles, Zeus and Athena. They are called gods from Argos. The Argives say it is because they were made in Argos; the people of Aegium themselves say that the images were deposited by the Argives with them on trust.

  [11] καὶ αὐτοῖς καὶ τάδε ἔτι προσταχθῆναί φασιν, ἑκάστῃ τοῖς ἀγάλμασιν ἡμέρᾳ θύειν: αὐτοὶ δὲ σόφισμα εὑρόντες θύειν μὲν πλεῖστα ὅσα, κατευωχουμένοις δὲ τὰ ἱερεῖα ἐν κοινῷ ἀνάλωμα οὐδὲν ἐς αὐτὰ γίνεσθαι: τέλος δὲ ἀπαιτεῖσθαι ὑπὸ τῶν Ἀργείων καὶ αὐτοὺς τὰ ἐς τὰς θυσίας ἀναλούμενα ἀπαιτεῖν: τοὺς δὲ — οὐ γὰρ ἔχειν ἐκτῖσαι — καταλιπεῖν σφισιν αὐτοὺς τὰ ἀγάλματα.

  [23.11] They say further that they were ordered to sacrifice each day to the images. But bethinking themselves of a trick they sacrificed a vast number of animals, but the victims they ate up at public feasts, so that they were not put to any expense. At last the Argives asked for the images to be returned, whereupon the people of Aegium asked for the cost of the sacrifices. As the Argives had not the means to pay, they left the images at Aegium.

  24. Αἰγιεῦσι δὲ ἔστι μὲν πρὸς τῇ ἀγορᾷ ναὸς Ἀπόλλωνι καὶ Ἀρτέμιδι ἐν κοινῷ, ἔστι δὲ ἐν τῇ ἀγορᾷ ἱερὸν Ἀρτέμιδος, τοξευούσῃ δὲ εἴκασται, καὶ Ταλθυβίου τοῦ κήρυκος τάφος: κέχωσται δὲ τῷ Ταλθυβίῳ καὶ ἄλλο μνῆμα ἐν Σπάρτῃ, καὶ αὐτῷ αἱ πόλεις ἐναγίζουσιν ἀμφότεραι.

  [24.1] XXIV. By the market-place at Aegium is a temple shared by Apollo and Artemis in common; and in the market-place there is a sanctuary of Artemis, who is represented in the act of shooting an arrow, and also the grave of Talthybius the herald. There is also at Sparta a barrow serving as a tomb to Talthybius, and both cities sacrifice to him as to a hero.

  [2] πρὸς θαλάσσῃ δὲ Ἀφροδίτης ἱερὸν ἐν Αἰγίῳ καὶ μετ᾽ αὐτὸ Ποσειδῶνος, Κόρης τε πεποίηται τῆς Δήμητρος καὶ τέταρτον Ὁμαγυρίῳ Διί. ἐνταῦθα Διὸς καὶ Ἀφροδίτης ἐστὶ καὶ Ἀθηνᾶς ἀγάλματα: Ὁμαγύριος δὲ ἐγένετο τῷ Διὶ ἐπίκλησις, ὅτι Ἀγαμέμνων ἤθροισεν ἐς τοῦτο τὸ χωρίον τοὺς λόγου μάλιστα ἐν τῇ Ἑλλάδι ἀξίους, μεθέξοντας ἐν κοινῷ βουλῆς καθ᾽ ὅντινα χρὴ τρόπον ἐπὶ ἀρχὴν τὴν Πριάμου στρατεύεσθαι. Ἀγαμέμνονι δὲ καὶ ἄλλα ἐστὶν ἐς ἔπαινον καὶ ὅτι τοῖς ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἀκολουθήσασι καὶ οὐδεμιᾶς ἐπελθούσης ὕστερον στρατιᾶς τήν τε Ἴλιον ἐπόρθησε καὶ ὅσαι περίοικοι πόλεις ἦσαν.

  [24.2] By the sea at Aegium is a sanctuary of Aphrodite, and after it one of Poseidon; there is also one of the Maiden, daughter of Demeter, and one to Zeus Homagyrius (Assembler). Here are images of Zeus, of Aphrodite and of Athena. The surname Assembler was given to Zeus because in this place Agamemnon assembled the most eminent men in Greece, in order that they might consult together how to make war on the empire of Priam. Among the claims of Agamemnon to renown is that he destroyed Troy and the cities around her with the forces that followed him originally, without any later reinforcements.

  [3] ἐφεξῆς δὲ τῷ Ὁμαγυρίῳ Διὶ Παναχαιᾶς ἐστι Δήμητρος. παρέχεται δὲ ὁ αἰγιαλός, ἐν ᾧ καὶ τὰ ἱερὰ Αἰγιεῦσίν ἐστι τὰ εἰρημένα, ὕδωρ ἄφθονον θεάσασθαί τε καὶ πιεῖν ἐκ πηγῆς ἡδύ. ἔστι δέ σφισι καὶ Σωτηρίας ἱερόν. ἰδεῖν μὲν δὴ τὸ ἄγαλμα οὐδενὶ πλὴν τῶν ἱερωμένων ἔστι, δρῶσι δὲ ἄλλα τοιαῦτα: λαμβάνοντες παρὰ τῆς θεοῦ πέμματα ἐπιχώρια ἀφιᾶσιν ἐς θάλασσαν, πέμπειν δὲ τῇ ἐν Συρακούσαις Ἀρεθούσῃ φασὶν αὐτά.

  [24.3] Adjoining Zeus the Assembler is a sanctuary of Demeter Panachaean. The beach, on which the people of Aegium have the sanctuaries I have mentioned, affords a plentiful supply of water from a spring; it is pleasing both to the eye and to the taste. They have also a sanctuary of Safety. Her image may be seen by none but the priests, and the following ritual is performed. They take cakes of the district from the goddess and throw them into the sea, saying that they send them to Arethusa at Syracuse.

  [4] ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἄλλα Αἰγιεῦσιν ἀγάλματα χαλκοῦ πεποιημένα, Ζεύς τε ἡλικίαν παῖς καὶ Ἡρακλῆς, οὐδὲ οὗτος ἔχων πω γένεια, Ἀγελάδα τέχνη τοῦ Ἀργείου. τούτοις κατὰ ἔτος ἱερεῖς αἱρετοὶ γίνονται, καὶ ἑκάτερα τῶν ἀγαλμάτων ἐπὶ ταῖς οἰκίαις μένει τοῦ ἱερωμένου. τὰ δὲ ἔτι παλαιότερα προεκέκριτο ἐκ τῶν παίδων ἱερᾶσθαι τῷ Διὶ ὁ νικῶν κάλλει: ἀρχομένων δὲ αὐτῷ γενείων ἐς ἄλλον παῖδα ἡ ἐπὶ τῷ κάλλει μετῄει τιμή. ταῦτα μὲν οὕτως ἐνομίζετο: ἐς δὲ Αἴγιον καὶ ἐφ᾽ ἡμῶν ἔτι συνέδριον τὸ Ἀχαιῶν ἀθροίζεται, καθότι ἐς Θερμοπύλας τε καὶ ἐς Δελφοὺς οἱ Ἀμφικτύονες.

  [24.4] There are at Aegium other images made of bronze, Zeus as a boy and Heracles as a beardless youth, the work of Ageladas of Argos. Priests are elected for them every year, and each of the two images remains at the house of the priest. In a more remote age there was chosen to be priest for Zeus from the boys he who won the prize for beauty. When his beard began to grow the honor for beauty passed to another boy. Such were the customs. Even in my time the Achaean assembly still meets at Aegium, just as the Amphictyons do at Thermopylae and at Delphi.

  HELICE

  [5] ἰόντι δὲ ἐς τὸ πρόσω Σελινοῦς τε ποταμὸς καὶ ἀπωτέρω τεσσαράκοντα Αἰγίου σταδίοις ἐπὶ θαλάσσῃ χωρίον ἐστὶν Ἑλίκη. ἐνταῦθα ᾤκητο Ἑλίκη πόλις καὶ Ἴωσιν ἱερὸν ἁγιώτατον Ποσειδῶνος ἦν Ἑλικωνίου. διαμεμένηκε δέ σφισι, καὶ ὡς ὑπὸ Ἀχαιῶν ἐκπεσόντες ἐς Ἀθήνας καὶ ὕστερον ἐξ Ἀθηνῶν ἐς τὰ παραθαλάσσια ἀφίκοντο τῆς Ἀσίας, σέβεσθαι Ποσειδῶνα Ἑλικώνιον: καὶ Μιλησίοις τε ἰόντι ἐπὶ τὴν πηγὴν τὴν Βιβλίδα Ποσειδῶνος πρὸ τῆς πόλεώς ἐστιν Ἑλικωνίου βωμὸς καὶ ὡσαύτως ἐν Τέῳ περίβολός τε καὶ βωμός ἐστι τῷ Ἑλικωνίῳ θέας ἄξιος.

  [24.5] Going on further you come to the river Selinus, and forty stades away from Aegium is a place on the sea ca
lled Helice. Here used to be situated a city Helice, where the Ionians had a very holy sanctuary of Heliconian Poseidon. Their worship of Heliconian Poseidon has remained, even after their expulsion by the Achaeans to Athens, and subsequently from Athens to the coasts of Asia. At Miletus too on the way to the spring Biblis there is before the city an altar of Heliconian Poseidon, and in Teos likewise the Heliconian has a precinct and an altar, well worth seeing.

  [6] ἔστι δὲ καὶ Ὁμήρῳ πεποιημένα ἐς Ἑλίκην καὶ τὸν Ἑλικώνιον Ποσειδῶνα. χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον Ἀχαιοῖς τοῖς ἐνταῦθα, ἱκέτας ἄνδρας ἀποστήσασιν ἐκ τοῦ ἱεροῦ καὶ ἀποκτείνασιν, οὐκ ἐμέλλησε τὸ μήνιμα ἐκ τοῦ Ποσειδῶνος, ἀλλὰ σεισμὸς ἐς τὴν χώραν σφίσιν αὐτίκα κατασκήψας τῶν τε οἰκοδομημάτων τὴν κατασκευὴν καὶ ὁμοῦ τῇ κατασκευῇ καὶ αὐτὸ τῆς πόλεως τὸ ἔδαφος ἀφανὲς ἐς τοὺς ἔπειτα ἐποίησε.

  [24.6] There are also passages in Homer referring to Helice and the Heliconian Poseidon. But later on the Achaeans of the place removed some suppliants from the sanctuary and killed them.

  EARTHQUAKES OF HELICE, HISTORY

  But the wrath of Poseidon visited them without delay; an earthquake promptly struck their land and swallowed up, without leaving a trace for posterity to see, both the buildings and the very site on which the city stood.

  [7] τὰ μὲν οὖν ἄλλα ἐπὶ τοῖς σεισμοῖς, ὅσοι μεγέθει τε ὑπερήρκασι καὶ ἐπὶ μήκιστον διικνοῦνται τῆς γῆς, προσημαίνειν ὁ θεὸς κατὰ τὰ αὐτὰ ὡς τὸ ἐπίπαν εἴωθεν — ἢ γὰρ ἐπομβρίαι συνεχεῖς ἢ αὐχμοὶ πρὸ τῶν σεισμῶν συμβαίνουσιν ἐπὶ χρόνον πλείονα, καὶ ὁ ἀὴρ παρὰ τὴν ἑκάστοτε τοῦ ἔτους ὥραν χειμῶνός τε γίνεται καυματωδέστερος καὶ ἐν θέρει μετὰ ἀχλύος μᾶλλον ὁ κύκλος παρέχεται τοῦ ἡλίου τὴν χρόαν παρὰ τὸ εἰωθὸς ἤτοι ἐς τὸ ἐρυθρότερον ἢ καὶ ἡσυχῇ ῥέπουσαν ἐς τὸ μελάντερον:

  [24.7] Warnings, usually the same in all cases, are wont to be sent by the god before violent and far-reaching earthquakes. Either continuous storms of rain or else continuous droughts occur before earthquakes for an unusual length of time, and the weather is unseasonable. In winter it turns too hot, and in summer along with a tendency to haze the orb of the sun presents an unusual color, slightly inclining to red or else to black.

  [8] τῶν τε ὑδάτων ὡς τὸ πολὺ ἐπιλείπουσιν αἱ πηγαί, καὶ ἀνέμων ἔστιν οἷς ἐνέπεσον ἐς τὴν χώραν ἐμβολαὶ περιτρέπουσαι τὰ δένδρα, καί που καὶ ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ διαδρομαὶ σὺν πολλῇ τῇ φλογί, τὰ δὲ καὶ ἀστέρων ὤφθη σχήματα οὔτε ἐγνωσμένα ὑπὸ τῶν πρότερον καὶ μεγάλην τοῖς ὁρῶσιν ἐμποιοῦντα ἔκπληξιν, ἔτι δὲ καὶ τῆς γῆς κάτω πνευμάτων ὑπήχησις ἰσχυρά, ἄλλα τε πολλὰ ὁ θεὸς ἐπὶ τοῖς βιαίοις τῶν σεισμῶν ἐθέλει προενδείκνυσθαι:

  [24.8] Springs of water generally dry up; blasts of wind sometimes swoop upon the land and overturn the trees; occasionally great flames dart across the sky; the shapes of stars too appear such as have never been witnessed before, producing consternation in those that witness them; furthermore there is a violent rumbling of winds beneath the earth – these and many other warnings is the god wont to send before violent earthquakes occur.

  [9] — τῆς δὲ κινήσεως αὐτῆς καθέστηκεν οὐχ εἷς τρόπος, ἀλλ᾽ οἱ φροντίσαντες τὰ τοιαῦτα ἐξ ἀρχῆς καὶ οἱ παρ᾽ ἐκείνων διδαχθέντες ἰδέας καταμαθεῖν ἐδυνήθησαν τοσάσδε ἐπὶ τοῖς σεισμοῖς. ἠπιώτατος μέν ἐστιν αὐτῶν, ἢν δὴ ἐν κακῷ γε τοσούτῳ ῥᾳστώνην ἐνεῖναί τινα ἡγησώμεθα, ἐπειδὰν ὁμοῦ τῇ κινήσει τῇ ἀρξαμένῃ τὸ πρῶτον καὶ τῇ ἐς τὸ ἔδαφος τροπῇ τῶν οἰκοδομημάτων ἀντιστᾶσα ἐναντία κίνησις ἐξεγείρῃ τὰ ἤδη τραπέντα, — καὶ ἐν τῇ τοιᾷδε ἰδέᾳ

  [24.9] The shock itself is not of one fixed type, but the original inquirers into such matters and their pupils have been able to discover the following forms of earthquake. The mildest form – that is, if such a calamity admits of mitigation – is when there coincides with the original shock, which levels the buildings with the ground, a shock in the opposite direction, counteracting the first and raising up the buildings already knocked over.

  [10] τοῦ σεισμοῦ κίονας ὁρᾶν ἔστιν ἀνορθουμένους οἳ ὀλίγου ἐδέησαν ἐς ἅπαν ἐκριφῆναι, καὶ ὁπόσα διέστη τοίχων συνερχόμενα ἐς τὸ ἐξ ἀρχῆς: δοκοὶ δέ, ὅσας ἐκτὸς ὀλισθεῖν ἐποίησεν ἡ κίνησις, ἐπανίασιν αὖθις ἐς τὰς ἕδρας: ὡσαύτως δὲ καὶ ὀχετῶν κατασκευῆς καὶ εἰ δή τι ἄλλο ἐπὶ ὕδατος ῥοαῖς προάγει, καὶ τούτων συνδεῖ τὰ διεσπασμένα μᾶλλον ἢ ἀνθρώπων τεκτόνων: — ὁ δὲ δὴ δεύτερος τῶν σεισμῶν ἀπώλειάν τε τῶν ἑτοιμοτέρων φέρει καί, ἐφ᾽ ὅ τι ἂν βάλῃ τὴν ὁρμήν, ἀνέκλινεν αὐτίκα τοῖς ἐς πολιορκίαν μηχανήμασιν ὁμοίως.

  [24.10] In this form of’ earthquake pillars may be seen righting themselves which have been almost entirely uprooted, split walls coming together to their original position; beams, dislocated by the shock, go back to their places, and likewise channels, and such-like means of furthering the flow of water, have their cracks cemented better than they could be by human craftsmen. Now the second form of earthquake brings destruction to anything liable to it, and it throws over at once, as it were by a battering-ram, whatever meets the force of its impact.

  [11] τὸν δὲ αὐτῶν ὀλεθριώτατον τοιῷδέ τινι ἐθέλουσιν εἰκάζειν, τὸ ἐντὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου πνεῦμα εἰ συνεχεῖ πυρετῷ πυκνότερόν τε καὶ ὑπὸ πολλῆς ἄνω τῆς βίας ὠθοῖτο: τοῦτο δὲ ἀλλαχοῦ τε τοῦ σώματος ἐπισημαίνει καὶ ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν ὑπὸ ἑκάτερον μάλιστα τὸν καρπόν. κατὰ ταὐτὰ οὖν καὶ τὸν σεισμὸν εἴτ᾽ εὐθὺ ὑποδύεσθαι τῶν οἰκοδομημάτων καὶ θεμέλια ἀναπάλλειν φασὶν αὐτόν, καθότι καὶ τὰ ἔργα τῶν σφαλάκων ἐκ μυχοῦ τῆς γῆς ἀναπέμπεται: μόνη τε ἡ τοιαύτη κίνησις οὐδὲ τοῦ οἰκισθῆναί ποτε ὑπολείπει σημεῖα ἐν τῇ γῇ.

  [24.11] The most destructive kind of earthquake the experts are wont to liken to the symptoms of a man suffering from a non-intermittent fever, the breathing of such a patient being rapid and laboured. There are symptoms of this to be found in many parts of the body, especially at each wrist. In the same way, they say, the earthquake dives directly under buildings and shakes up their foundations, just as molehills come up from the bowels of the earth. It is this sort of shock alone that leaves no trace on the ground that men ever dwelt there.

  [12] τότε δὲ ἰδέαν μὲν
ταύτην ἐπὶ τῇ Ἑλίκῃ τοῦ σεισμοῦ τὴν ἐς τὸ ἔδαφος ἀνακινοῦσαν, σὺν δὲ αὐτῇ καὶ ἄλλο πῆμα τοιόνδε οἱ ἐπιγενέσθαι φασὶν ὥρᾳ χειμῶνος. ἐπῆλθε γάρ σφισιν ἐπὶ πολὺ τῆς χώρας ἡ θάλασσα καὶ τὴν Ἑλίκην περιέλαβεν ἐν κύκλῳ πᾶσαν: καὶ δὴ καὶ τὸ ἄλσος τοῦ Ποσειδῶνος ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον ἐπέσχεν ὁ κλύδων ὡς τὰ ἄκρα τῶν δένδρων σύνοπτα εἶναι μόνον. σείσαντος δὲ ἐξαίφνης τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ ὁμοῦ τῷ σεισμῷ τῆς θαλάσσης ἀναδραμούσης, καθείλκυσεν αὔτανδρον τὸ κῦμα τὴν Ἑλίκην.

  [24.12] This was the type of earthquake, they say, that on the occasion referred to levelled Helice to the ground, and that it was accompanied by another disaster in the season of winter. The sea flooded a great part of the land, and covered up the whole of Helice all round. Moreover, the tide was so deep in the grove of Poseidon that only the tops of the trees remained visible. What with the sudden earthquake, and the invasion of the sea that accompanied it, the tidal wave swallowed up Helice and every man in it.

  [13] τοιοῦτό γε δὴ κατέλαβεν, καὶ ἕτερον τὴν ἰδέαν, ἐν Σιπύλῳ πόλιν ἐς χάσμα ἀφανισθῆναι: ἐξ ὅτου δὲ ἡ ἰδέα κατεάγη τοῦ ὄρους, ὕδωρ αὐτόθεν ἐρρύη, καὶ λίμνη τε ὀνομαζομένη Σαλόη τὸ χάσμα ἐγένετο καὶ ἐρείπια πόλεως δῆλα ἦν ἐν τῇ λίμνῃ, πρὶν ἢ τὸ ὕδωρ ἀπέκρυψεν αὐτὰ τοῦ χειμάρρου. σύνοπτα δὲ καὶ Ἑλίκης ἐστὶ τὰ ἐρείπια, οὐ μὴν ἔτι γε ὁμοίως, ἅτε ὑπὸ τῆς ἅλμης λελυμασμένα.