Delphi Complete Works of Pausanias

by Pausanias

  [5] ἐπὶ δὲ Ἀζᾶνι τῷ Ἀρκάδος τελευτήσαντι ἆθλα ἐτέθη πρῶτον: εἰ μὲν καὶ ἄλλα, οὐκ οἶδα, ἱπποδρομίας δὲ ἐτέθη. Κλείτωρ μὲν δὴ ὁ Ἀζᾶνος ἐν Λυκοσώρᾳ τε ᾤκει καὶ ἦν τῶν βασιλέων δυνατώτατος καὶ Κλείτορα ᾤκισεν ἀφ᾽ αὑτοῦ πόλιν, Ἄλεος δὲ εἶχε τὴν πατρῴαν λῆξιν:

  [4.5] On the death of Axan, the son of Arcas, athletic contests were held for the first time; horse-races were certainly held, but I cannot speak positively about other contests. Now Cleitor the son of Azan dwelt in Lycosura, and was the most powerful of the kings, founding Cleitor, which he named after himself; Aleus held his father’s portion.

  [6] ἀπὸ δὲ Ἐλάτου τῶν παίδων Κυλλήνην τὸ ὄρος καλοῦσιν ἀπὸ Κυλλῆνος, καὶ ἀπὸ Στυμφήλου πηγή τε ὀνομάζεται καὶ πόλις Στύμφηλος ἐπὶ τῇ πηγῇ. τὰ δὲ ἐς τὸν θάνατον Ἴσχυος τοῦ Ἐλάτου πρότερον ἔτι ἐν τῇ συγγραφῇ τῇ Ἀργολίδι ἐδήλωσα. παῖδα δὲ Περεῖ ἄρρενα μέν φασιν οὐδένα, Νέαιραν δὲ γενέσθαι θυγατέρα: ταύτην γυναῖκα ἔσχεν Αὐτόλυκος, οἰκῶν μὲν ἐν τῷ ὄρει τῷ Παρνασσῷ, λεγόμενος δὲ Ἑρμοῦ παῖς εἶναι, Δαιδαλίωνος δὲ ὢν τῷ ἀληθεῖ λόγῳ.

  [4.6] Of the sons of Elatus, Cyllen gave his name to Mount Cyllene, and Stymphalus gave his to the spring and to the city Stymphalus near the spring. The story of the death of Ischys, the son of Elatus, I have already told in my history of Argolis. Pereus, they say, had no male child, but only a daughter, Neaera. She married Autolycus, who lived on Mount Parnassus, and was said to be a son of Hermes, although his real father was Baedalion.

  [7] Κλείτορι δὲ τῷ Ἀζᾶνος οὐ γενομένων παίδων, ἐς Αἴπυτον Ἐλάτου περιεχώρησεν ἡ Ἀρκάδων βασιλεία: τὸν δὲ Αἴπυτον ἐξελθόντα ἐς ἄγραν θηρίων μὲν τῶν ἀλκιμωτέρων οὐδέν, σὴψ δὲ οὐ προϊδόμενον ἀποκτίννυσι. τὸν δὲ ὄφιν τοῦτον καὶ αὐτός ποτε εἶδον: κατὰ ἔχιν ἐστὶ τὸν μικρότατον, τέφρᾳ ἐμφερής, στίγμασιν οὐ συνεχέσι πεποικιλμένος: κεφαλὴ δέ ἐστιν αὐτῷ πλατεῖα καὶ τράχηλος στενός, γαστέρα δὲ ἔχει μείζονα καὶ οὐρὰν βραχεῖαν: βαδίζει δὲ οὗτός τε καὶ ὄφις ἕτερος ὁ κεράστης καλούμενος ἐνδιδόντες ἐς τὰ πλάγια, ὥσπερ οἱ καρκίνοι.

  [4.7] Cleitor, the son of Azan, had no children, and the sovereignty of the Arcadians devolved upon Aepytus, the son of Elatus. While out hunting, Aepytus was killed, not by any of the more powerful beasts, but by a seps that he failed to notice. This species of snake I have myself seen. It is like the smallest kind of adder, of the color of ash, with spots dotted here and there. It has a broad head and a narrow neck, a large belly and a short tail. This snake, like another called cerastes (“the horned snake”), walks with a sidelong motion, as do crabs.

  [8] μετὰ δὲ Αἴπυτον ἔσχεν Ἄλεος τὴν ἀρχήν: Ἀγαμήδης μὲν γὰρ καὶ Γόρτυς οἱ Στυμφήλου τέταρτον γένος ἦσαν ἀπὸ Ἀρκάδος, Ἄλεος δὲ τρίτον ὁ Ἀφείδαντος. Ἄλεος δὲ τῇ τε Ἀθηνᾷ τῇ Ἀλέᾳ τὸ ἱερὸν ᾠκοδόμησεν ἐν Τεγέᾳ τὸ ἀρχαῖον καὶ αὐτῷ κατεσκεύαστο αὐτόθι ἡ βασιλεία: Γόρτυς δὲ ὁ Στυμφήλου πόλιν Γόρτυνα ᾤκισεν ἐπὶ ποταμῷ: καλεῖται δὲ Γορτύνιος καὶ ὁ ποταμός. Ἀλέῳ δὲ ἄρσενες μὲν παῖδες Λυκοῦργός τε καὶ Ἀμφιδάμας καὶ Κηφεύς, θυγάτηρ δὲ ἐγένετο Αὔγη.

  [4.8] After Aepytus Aleus came to the throne. For Agamedes and Gortys, the sons of Stymphalus, were three generations removed from Arcas, and Aleus, the son of Apheidas, two generations. Aleus built the old sanctuary in Tegea of Athena Alea, and made Tegea the capital of his kingdom. Gortys the son of Stymphalus founded the city Gortys on a river which is also called after him. The sons of Aleus were Lycurgus, Amphidamas and Cepheus; he also had a daughter Auge.

  [9] ταύτῃ τῇ Αὔγῃ τῷ Ἑκαταίου λόγῳ συνεγίνετο Ἡρακλῆς, ὁπότε ἀφίκοιτο ἐς Τεγέαν: τέλος δὲ καὶ ἐφωράθη τετοκυῖα ἐκ τοῦ Ἡρακλέους, καὶ αὐτὴν ὁ Ἄλεος ἐσθέμενος ὁμοῦ τῷ παιδὶ ἐς λάρνακα ἀφίησεν ἐς θάλασσαν, καὶ ἡ μὲν ἀφίκετο ἐς Τεύθραντα δυνάστην ἄνδρα ἐν Καΐκου πεδίῳ καὶ συνῴκησεν ἐρασθέντι τῷ Τεύθραντι: καὶ νῦν ἔστι μὲν Αὔγης μνῆμα ἐν Περγάμῳ τῇ ὑπὲρ τοῦ Καΐκου, γῆς χῶμα λίθου περιεχόμενον κρηπῖδι, ἔστι δὲ ἐν τῷ μνήματι ἐπίθημα χαλκοῦ πεποιημένον, γυνὴ γυμνή.

  [4.9] Hecataeus says that this Auge used to have intercourse with Heracles when he came to Tegea. At last it was discovered that she had borne a child to Heracles, and Aleus, putting her with her infant son in a chest, sent them out to sea. She came to Teuthras, lord of the plain of the Caicus, who fell in love with her and married her. The tomb of Auge still exists at Pergamus above the Calcus; it is a mound of earth surrounded by a basement of stone and surmounted by a figure of a naked woman in bronze.

  [10] μετὰ δὲ Ἄλιον τελευτήσαντα Λυκοῦργος ὁ Ἀλέου τὴν βασιλείαν πρεσβεῖα ἔσχε: παρέσχετο δὲ ἐς μνήμην Ἀρηίθοον ἄνδρα πολεμικὸν δόλῳ καὶ οὐ σὺν τῷ δικαίῳ κτείνας. γενομένων δὲ αὐτῷ παίδων Ἀγκαίου τε καὶ Ἐπόχου, τὸν μὲν νοσήσαντα ἐπιλαμβάνει τὸ χρεών, Ἀγκαῖος δὲ Ἰάσονί τε τοῦ πλοῦ μετέσχεν ἐς Κόλχους καὶ ὕστερον ὁμοῦ Μελεάγρῳ τὸ ἐν Καλυδῶνι κατεργαζόμενος θηρίον ἀπέθανεν ὑπὸ τοῦ ὑός.

  Λυκοῦργος μὲν δὴ πορρωτάτω γήρως ἀφίκετο ἐπιδὼν τοὺς παῖδας ἀμφοτέρους τελευτήσαντας:

  [4.10] After the death of Aleus Lycurgus his son got the kingdom as being the eldest; he is notorious for killing, by treachery and riot in fair fight, a warrior called Areithous. Of his two sons, Ancaeus and Epochus, the latter fell ill and died, while the former joined the expedition of Jason to Colchis; afterwards, while hunting down with Meleager the Calydonian boar, he was killed by the brute.

  5. Λυκούργου δὲ ἀποθανόντος Ἔχεμος ὁ Ἀερόπου τοῦ Κηφέως τοῦ Ἀλέου τὴν Ἀρκάδων ἔσχεν ἀρχήν. ἐπὶ τούτου Δωριεῖς κατιόντας ἐς Πελοπόννησον ὑπὸ ἡγεμόνι Ὕλλῳ τῷ Ἡρακλέους Ἀχαιοὶ περὶ ἰσθμὸν τὸν Κορινθίων κρατοῦσι μάχῃ, καὶ Ἔχεμος ἀποκτίννυσιν Ὕλλον μονομαχήσαντά οἱ κατὰ πρόκλησιν. τάδε γὰρ ἐφαίνετο εἰκότα εἶναί μοι μᾶλλον ἢ ὁ πρότερος λόγος, ἐν ᾧ βασιλεύειν τε Ἀχαιῶν τηνικαῦτα Ὀρέστην ἔγραψα καὶ Ὕλλον καὶ Ὀρέστου βασιλεύοντος ἀποπειρᾶσαι καθόδου τῆς ἐς Πελοπόννησον. φαίνοιτο δ᾽ ἂν τῷ ὑστέρῳ τῶν λόγω
ν καὶ Τιμάνδρα συνοικήσασα ἡ Τυνδάρεω τῷ ἀποκτείναντι Ὕλλον Ἐχέμῳ.

  [5.1] V. So Lycurgus outlived both his sons, and reached an extreme old age. On his death, Echemus, son of Aeropus, son of Cepheus, son of Aleus, became king of the Arcadians. In his time the Dorians, in their attempt to return to the Peloponnesus under the leadership of Hyllus, the son of Heracles, were defeated by the Achaeans at the Isthmus of Corinth, and Echemus killed Hyllus, who had challenged him to single combat. I have come to the conclusion that this is a more probable story than the one I gave before, that on this occasion Orestes was king of the Achaeans, and that it was during his reign that Hyllus attempted to return to the Peloponnesus. If the second account be accepted, it would appear that Timandra, the daughter of Tyndareus, married Echemus, who killed Hyllus.

  [2] Ἀγαπήνωρ δὲ ὁ Ἀγκαίου τοῦ Λυκούργου μετὰ Ἔχεμον βασιλεύσας ἐς Τροίαν ἡγήσατο Ἀρκάσιν. Ἰλίου δὲ ἁλούσης ὁ τοῖς Ἕλλησι κατὰ τὸν πλοῦν τὸν οἴκαδε ἐπιγενόμενος χειμὼν Ἀγαπήνορα καὶ τὸ Ἀρκάδων ναυτικὸν κατήνεγκεν ἐς Κύπρον, καὶ Πάφου τε Ἀγαπήνωρ ἐγένετο οἰκιστὴς καὶ τῆς

  Ἀφροδίτης κατεσκευάσατο ἐν Παλαιπάφῳ τὸ ἱερόν: τέως δὲ ἡ θεὸς παρὰ Κυπρίων τιμὰς εἶχεν ἐν Γολγοῖς καλουμένῳ χωρίῳ.

  [5.2] Agapenor, the son of Ancaeus, the son of Lycurgus, who was king after Echemus, led the Arcadians to Troy. After the capture of Troy the storm that overtook the Greeks on their return home carried Agapenor and the Arcadian fleet to Cyprus, and so Agapenor became the founder of Paphos, and built the sanctuary of Aphrodite at Palaepaphos (Old Paphos). Up to that time the goddess had been worshipped by the Cyprians in the district called Golgi.

  [3] χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον Λαοδίκη γεγονυῖα ἀπὸ Ἀγαπήνορος ἔπεμψεν ἐς Τεγέαν τῇ Ἀθηνᾷ τῇ Ἀλέᾳ πέπλον: τὸ δὲ ἐπὶ τῷ ἀναθήματι ἐπίγραμμα καὶ αὐτῆς Λαοδίκης ἅμα ἐδήλου τὸ γένος:”Λαοδίκης ὅδε πέπλος: ἑᾷ δ᾽ ἀνέθηκεν Ἀθηνᾷ

  πατρίδ᾽ ἐς εὐρύχορον Κύπρου ἀπὸ ζαθέας.

  “

  Ἀγαπήνορος δὲ οὐκ ἀνασωθέντος οἴκαδε ἐξ Ἰλίου,

  [5.3] Afterwards Laodice, a descendant of Agapenor, sent to Tegea a robe as a gift for Athena Alea. The inscription on the offering told as well the race of Laodice:–

  This is the robe of Laodice; she offered it to her Athena,

  Sending it to her broad fatherland from divine Cyprus.

  [4] παρέλαβε τὴν ἀρχὴν Ἱππόθους Κερκυόνος τοῦ Ἀγαμήδους τοῦ Στυμφήλου. καὶ τῷ μὲν ἐπιφανὲς συμβῆναι παρὰ τὸν βίον φασὶν οὐδέν, πλὴν ὅσον οὐκ ἐν Τεγέᾳ τὴν βασιλείαν κατεστήσατο ἀλλὰ ἐν Τραπεζοῦντι: Αἴπυτος δὲ ὁ Ἱππόθου μετὰ τὸν πατέρα ἔσχε τὴν ἀρχήν, καὶ Ὀρέστης ὁ Ἀγαμέμνονος κατὰ μαντείαν τοῦ ἐν Δελφοῖς Ἀπόλλωνος μετῴκησεν ἐς Ἀρκαδίαν ἐκ Μυκηνῶν.

  [5.4] When Agapenor did not return home from Troy, the kingdom devolved upon Hippothous, the son of Cercyon, the son of Agamedes, the son of Stymphalus. No remarkable event is recorded of his life, except that he established as the capital of his kingdom not Tegea but Trapezus. Aepytus, the son of Hippothous, succeeded his father to the throne, and Orestes, the son of Agamemnon, in obedience to an oracle of the Delphic Apollo, moved his home from Mycenae to Arcadia.

  [5] Αἰπύτῳ δὲ τῷ Ἱππόθου παρελθεῖν ἐς τὸ ἱερὸν τοῦ Ποσειδῶνος τὸ ἐν Μαντινείᾳ τολμήσαντι — ἔσοδος δὲ ἀνθρώποις οὔτε τότε ἐς αὐτὸ ἦν οὔτε ἄχρι ἡμῶν ἔστιν — , ἐς τοῦτο ἐσελθόντι τυφλωθῆναι καὶ οὐ μετὰ πολὺ τῆς συμφορᾶς τελευτῆσαί οἱ τὸν βίον ἐγένετο.

  [5.5] Aepytus, the son of Hippothous, dared to enter the sanctuary of Poseidon at Mantineia, into which no mortal was, just as no mortal today is, allowed to pass; on entering it he was struck blind, and shortly after this calamity he died.

  [6] Κυψέλου δὲ τοῦ Αἰπύτου βασιλεύοντος μετὰ Αἴπυτον, ὁ Δωριέων στόλος οὐ διὰ τοῦ Κορινθίων ἰσθμοῦ, καθὰ ἐπὶ τρεῖς τὰς πρότερον γενεάς, ναυσὶ δὲ κατὰ τὸ ὀνομαζόμενον Ῥίον κάτεισιν ἐς Πελοπόννησον: πυνθανόμενός τε τὰ ἐς αὐτοὺς ὁ Κύψελος, ὃν τῶν Ἀριστομάχου παίδων οὐκ ἔχοντά πω γυναῖκα εὕρισκε, τούτῳ τὴν θυγατέρα ἐκδοὺς καὶ οἰκειωσάμενος τὸν Κρεσφόντην αὐτός τε καὶ οἱ Ἀρκάδες ἐκτὸς ἑστήκεσαν δείματος.

  [5.6] Aepytus was succeeded as king by his son Cypselus, and in his reign the Dorian expedition returned to the Peloponnesus, not, as three generations before, across the Corinthian Isthmus, but by sea to the place called Rhium. Cypselus, learning about the expedition, married his daughter to the son of Aristomachus whom he found without a wife, and so winning over Cresphontes he himself and the Arcadians had nothing at all to fear.

  [7] Ὁλαίας δὲ ἦν Κυψέλου παῖς, ὃς καὶ τῆς ἀδελφῆς τὸν παῖδα Αἴπυτον, σὺν δὲ αὐτῷ καὶ οἱ ἐκ Λακεδαίμονος καὶ Ἄργους Ἡρακλεῖδαι κατάγουσιν ἐς Μεσσήνην. τοῦ δὲ ἦν Βουκολίων, τοῦ δὲ Φίαλος, ὃς τὸν Λυκάονος Φίγαλον οἰκιστὴν ὄντα ἀφελόμενος τὴν τιμὴν Φιαλίαν τὸ ὄνομα τῇ πόλει μετέθετο ἀφ᾽ ἑαυτοῦ: οὐ μὴν καὶ ἐς ἅπαν γε ἐξενίκησεν.

  [5.7] Holaeas was the son of Cypselus, who, aided by the Heracleidae from Lacedaemon and Argos, restored to Messene his sister’s son Aepytus. Holaeas had a son Bucolion, and he a son Phialus, who robbed Phigalus, the son of Lycaon, the founder of Phigalia, of the honor of giving his name to the city; Phialus changed it to Phialia, after his own name, but the change did not win universal acceptance.

  ARCADIA, HISTORY

  [8] ἐπὶ δὲ Σίμου τοῦ Φιάλου βασιλεύοντος ἠφανίσθη Φιγαλεῦσιν ὑπὸ πυρὸς τῆς Μελαίνης Δήμητρος τὸ ἀρχαῖον ξόανον: ἐσήμαινε δὲ ἄρα οὐ μετὰ πολὺ ἔσεσθαι καὶ αὐτῷ Σίμῳ τοῦ βίου τὴν τελευτήν. Πόμπου δὲ ἐκδεξαμένου τοῦ Σίμου τὴν ἀρχήν, Αἰγινῆται κατὰ ἐμπορίαν ἐσέπλεον ναυσὶν ἐς Κυλλήνην, ἐκεῖθεν δὲ ὑποζυγίοις τὰ φορτία ἀνῆγον παρὰ τοὺς Ἀρκάδας. ἀντὶ τούτου ἐτίμησεν ὁ Πόμπος μεγάλως, καὶ δὴ καὶ ὄνομα Αἰγινήτην τῷ παιδὶ ἔθετο ἐπὶ τῶν Αἰγινητῶν τῇ φιλίᾳ.

  [5.8] In the reign of Simus, the son of Phialus, the people of Phigalia lost by fire the ancient wooden image of Black Demeter. This loss proved to be a sign that Simus himself also was soon to meet his end. Simus was succeeded as king by Pompus his son, in whose reign the Aeginetans made trading voyages as far as Cyllene, from which place they carried their cargoes up country on pack-animals to the Arcadians. In return for this Pompus honored the Arcadians greatly, and furthermore gave the name Aeginetes to his son out of friendshi
p for the Aeginetans.

  [9] μετὰ δὲ Αἰγινήτην Πολυμήστωρ ἐγένετο ὁ Αἰγινήτου βασιλεὺς Ἀρκάδων, καὶ Λακεδαιμόνιοι καὶ Χάριλλος πρῶτον τότε ἐς τὴν Τεγεατῶν ἐσβάλλουσι στρατιᾷ: καὶ σφᾶς αὐτοί τε οἱ Τεγεᾶται καὶ γυναῖκες ὅπλα ἐνδῦσαι μάχῃ νικῶσι, καὶ τόν τε ἄλλον στρατὸν καὶ αὐτὸν Χάριλλον ζῶντα αἱροῦσι. Χαρίλλου μὲν δὴ καὶ τῆς σὺν αὐτῷ στρατιᾶς ἐς πλέον μνήμην ποιησόμεθα ἐν τοῖς Τεγεατικοῖς:

  [5.9] After Aeginetes his son Polymestor became king of the Arcadians, and it was then that Charillus and the Lacedaemonians for the first time invaded the land of Tegea with an army. They were defeated in battle by the people of Tegea, who, men and women alike, flew to arms; the whole army, including Charillus himself, were taken prisoners. Charillus and his army I shall mention at greater length in my account of Tegea.

  [10] Πολυμήστορι δὲ οὐ γενομένων παίδων παρέλαβεν Αἶχμις τὴν ἀρχήν, Βριάκα μὲν παῖς, Πολυμήστορος δὲ ἀδελφιδοῦς: Αἰγινήτου γὰρ ἦν καὶ Βριάκας, νεώτερος δὲ ἦν Πολυμήστορος. Αἴχμιδος δὲ βασιλεύσαντος Λακεδαιμονίοις ἐγένετο ὁ πρὸς Μεσσηνίους πόλεμος: τοῖς δὲ Ἀρκάσιν ὑπῆρχε μὲν ἐς τοὺς Μεσσηνίους εὔνοια ἐξ ἀρχῆς, τότε δὲ καὶ ἐκ τοῦ φανεροῦ πρὸς Λακεδαιμονίους ἐμαχέσαντο μετὰ Ἀριστοδήμου βασιλεύοντος ἐν Μεσσήνῃ.

  [5.10] Polymestor had no children, and Aechmis succeeded to the throne, who was the son of Briacas, and the nephew of Polymestor. For Briacas too was a son of Aeginetes, but younger than Polymestor. After Aechmis came to the throne occurred the war between the Lacedaemonians and the Messenians. The Arcadians had from the first been friendly to the Messenians, and on this occasion they openly fought against the Lacedaemonians on the side of Aristodemus, the king of Messenia.