Henry VII

by S B Chrimes

  Maximilian I, archduke, later Emperor, (i), (ii); regent of the Netherlands, (i), (ii), (iii); and Franco-Breton relations, (i), (ii); relations with Henry VII, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v) and n. 4, (vi); and Warbeck, (i), (ii), (iii); his real d'or, (i); trading policy, (i); marriages, (i); and League of Cambrai, (i), (ii); renewal of treaty with Edward IV, (i); victory at Dixmude, (i); cession of Artois and Franche-Comté, (i); marriage of his son, (i)

  Meautis, John, assistant French Secretary, (i), n. 3

  Mediterranean, the, Venetian trading monopoly, (i)

  Melcombe Regis, landing of Philip and Joanna, (i), n. 1, (ii)

  Merchant Adventurers, (i), n. 5; recalled from Antwerp, (i); petition to commons, (i); dispute with Staplers, (i), (ii); Henry VII and, (i)

  Merchant Staplers, (i), and Calais, (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii); financial agreement with Henry VII, (i) and n. 4; and Adventurers, (i), (ii)

  Meredith, son of Tudor ap Goronwy, (i)

  Merioneth, (i); Welshmen's privileges, (i), (ii)

  Milbourne, Sir Thomas, (i), n. 1

  Money exchange, statutory enactments, (i) and n. 7

  Mordaunt, Sir John, speaker, (i); chancellor of duchy of Lancaster, (i), n. 3

  Mordaunt, William, clerk of Common Pleas, (i)

  More, John, (i), n. 1

  More, Sir Thomas, (i), n. 6, (ii); on Morton, (i); in opposition to Henry VII, (i), n. 1; attacks his policies, (i), n. 1; King Richard III, (i), n. 2, (ii) n.; Utopia, (i) and n. 6

  Morgan, John and Evan, (i); adherents of Henry VII, (i), n. 4

  Morgan, John, of Tredegar, bp. of St David's, (i) and n. 2, (ii), n. 3, (iii)

  Morgan of Kidwelly, (i), n. 5, (ii)

  Mortimer, Sir Edmund, earl of March, (i)

  Mortimer, Sir John, (i), n. 1

  Morton, John, bp. of Ely, later archbishop of Canterbury, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); and Buckingham's rebellion, (i) and n. 2, (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), n. 1, (vi), (vii); denunciation, (i), n. 5; attainder, (i), (ii), (iii); and plot to surrender Henry VII, (i); rewards and preferments, (i) and n. 3, (ii), (iii); chancellor, (i) and n. 3, (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii); career, (i), (ii); and the coronation, (i); death, (i), (ii); abilities and character, (i), (ii), (iii); judge in court of Chancery, (i); attributed with the ‘fork’, (i) and n. 6; promotion to archbishopric and cardinalate, (i), (ii)

  Morton, Robert, bp. of Worcester, nephew of John, (i), n. 2, (ii); and papal dispensation, (i)

  Murder, statutory provisions, (i); legal concept, (i), n. 1

  Nanfan, Sir Richard, and the king's security, (i)

  Nanfan, William, (i)

  Naples, (i), n. 2, (ii)

  Navy, the, (i)

  Neele, Richard, puisne judge, (i)

  Netherlands, (i), (ii), (iii); international involvements, (i); and Yorkist invasions, (i), (ii); prohibition on commercial intercourse, (i); trading relations, with England, (i), (ii), (iii); and wool trade, (i), (ii), (iii); and Castile, (i)

  Neville, George, Lord Burgavenny, prosecution for retaining, (i); financial penalties, (i), n. 4

  Neville, Isabel, (i), n. 4

  Neville, Richard, earl of Warwick, (i); attainder, (i), n. 3; private fleet, (i)

  Newbury, and Buckingham's rebellion, (i), n. 1, (ii); attainders, (i)

  Norris, John, denunciation, (i), n. 5

  Norris, Sir William, denunciation, (i), n. 5

  Northumberland, (i), (ii), n. 2; Lancastrian landing, (i)

  Norton, Sir Samson, (i); chamberlain of the Exchequer, (i)

  Nottingham, William, earl of, and the coronations, (i), (ii), (iii)

  O'Donnell, Hugh of Tyrconnell, (i)

  Oldovini, Battista, and the ‘fork’, (i), n. 6

  Ormond de Rochford, Thomas, eighth earl of Carrick and seventh earl of Ormond, summons by writ, (i)

  Ormond, Sir James, (i), n. 2, (ii); commission in Ireland, (i)

  Owen ap Meredith ap Tudor, grandfather of Henry VII, (i), (ii); validity of his marriage, (i), n. 1, (ii) and nn 2, 4, (iii), (iv); obscure early life, (i); exemption from restrictions, (i) and n. 3, (ii); Henry VI and, (i), (ii); and the Privy Council, (i) and n. 4, (ii), (iii), escape from Newgate, (iv) and n., (v) and n. 2, (vi); removal to Windsor Castle, (i); conditions of release and pardon, (i); subsequent career, (i); patronymic, (i), n. 10; execution, (i) and n. 2; children, (i) and n. 2

  Owen, Sir David, (i), n. 1

  Oxford University, foundation of Corpus Christi College, (i), n. 1

  Padua, school of law, (i), (ii)

  Papacy, (i), n. 2; recognizes Henry VII's title, (i); relations with him, (i), (ii), (iii); and aggression in Italy, (i); enactments of Drogheda parliament, (i); and marriage of Catherine to Prince Henry, (i)

  Parliament, (i), (ii), n. 2; attainting of duke of Gloucester, (i), (ii), n. 2; and Henry VII's right to the Crown, (i); summoned by writ, (i), (ii), n. 5, (iii), (iv); opening and primary business, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); law enforcement, (i), (ii), (iii); attendance of peers, (i), n. 5, (ii); and the king's marriage, (i), (ii); acts of attainder against rebels, (i) and n. 3, (ii) and n. 6, (iii); dissolution in 1486, (i); infrequent summonses, (i); and fiscal contributions, (i); ‘Parliament’ and ‘Common’ Houses, (i); practice of personal summons, (i); hereditary presumptive right to summons, (i) and n. 1, (ii); ratification of war subsidies, (i), (ii); office of speaker, (i); elected representatives, (i); legislative duty, (i), (ii); number of enactments, (i); and treason, (i); and royal revenue, (i); and a directly assessed subsidy, (i); separate grants by commons and lords, (i); failure to raise open-ended subsidy, (i); objections to Henry VII's proposals, (i); and levies of benevolences, (i); economic and social statutes, (i) ff.

  Paston, Sir John, (i)

  Paulet, Quintin, keeper of king's library, (i), n. 1

  Pembroke, (i); and Henry VII's march, (i) and n. 3; earldom, (i), (ii); lordship, (i); shire, (i)

  Pembroke Castle, (i), (ii), (iii); siege of, (i) and n. 2; birthplace of Henry VII, (i), n. 4

  Peningham, Edward, (i), n. 1

  Percy, Henry, third earl of Northumberland, (i)

  Percy, Henry, fourth earl of Northumberland, (i), (ii); at Bosworth, (i), (ii); rewards, (i) and n. 8; murder at Topcliffe, (i), (ii), (iii), n. 4; wardenship eastern Marches, (i); landed revenues, (i); humiliating treatment, (i), n. 4

  Peter II, duke of Bourbon, (i), (ii)

  Philibert II of Savoy, (i), (ii)

  Philip, archduke, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); and Warbeck, (i); and Edmund de la Pole, (i) and n. 1, (ii), (iii), n. 2; commercial relations with England, (i) and n. 1, (ii); visits England, (i), (ii); death at Bruges, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), n. 1; marriage, (i), (ii); loans from Henry VII, (i) and n. 4; abortive expedition to Spain, (i); king of Castile, (i), (ii); illness at Reading, (i), n. 2

  Philip, William, and Owen Tudor, (i)

  Pius III, Pope, (i), n. 2

  Plumpton, Sir Robert, (i), n. 1, (ii), n. 2

  Plunket, Alexander, chancellor in Ireland, (i)

  Points, Sir Robert, (i), n. 1

  Pole, Catherine de la, abbess of Barking, (i)

  Pole, Sir Edmund, earl of Suffolk, Yorkist claimant, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi) and n.; delivered to Henry VII, (i), (ii), (iii) and n. 3; Kildare and, (i); imprisonment, (i)

  Pole, John de la, earl of Lincoln, (i), (ii), (iii); death at Stoke, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); sons by Elizabeth, (i); and Simnel, (i); attainder, (i), n. 3; successor as lieutenant of Ireland, (i)

  Pole, John de la, duke of Suffolk, nominal marriage to Margaret Beaufort, (i); marriage to sister of Edward ΙV, (i); fate of his offspring, (i)

  Pole, Richard de la, Yorkist pretender, (i), (ii) and n. 2

  Pole, William de la, earl of Suffolk, (i), (ii), n. 1, (iii); constable of Wallingford Castle, (i)

  Pole, William de la, Yorkist claimant, death in the Tower, (i)

  Poole, (i) and n. 2

  Poole, Sir Richard, (i)

  Porth, John, and the king's books, (i), n. 1


  Portsmouth, first dry dock, (i)

  Portugal, (i), (ii), n. 6, (iii), n. 2; spice trade, (i); treaty with, (i)

  Poulet, Amias, (i), n. 2

  Poynings, Sir Edward, (i), (ii), n. 1, (iii); Irish visitations, (i), (ii), (iii); envoy to Maximilian, (i) and n. 3, (ii), (iii); K.G., (i), n. 1, (ii); and Irish legal history (Poynings' Law), (i), (ii); text, (i), (ii); military preoccupations, (i); payment of his army, (i)

  Preston, Sir Robert, Viscount Gormanston, deputy in Ireland, (i), (ii), n. 5

  Prince of Wales's Council, (i); establishment and primary task, (i), (ii); extension to Marches, (i); responsibilities, (i); after Arthur's death, (i)

  Privy Council, and Owen Tudor, (i) and n. 4, (ii), (iii)

  Puebla, Rodrigo de, Spanish ambassador, (i), nn 1, 3, (ii), (iii); on Henry VII, (i)

  Radcliffe, John, first Lord Fitzwalter, (i), (ii), n. 3; right of summons to parliament, (i); attainder, (i), (ii), n. 3

  Ramney, Thomas, execution, (i), n. 2

  Ramsay, Sir John, (i), n. 4

  Ratcliffe, Sir Richard, death at Bosworth, (i); attainder, (i), n. 1

  Read, Sir Robert, chief justice of Common Pleas, (i)

  Redman, Richard, bishoprics, (i), n. 1

  Reed, Bartholomew, master and worker of Monies, (i)

  Religious orders, Henry VII and, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); Franciscan houses, (i)

  Revenues, royal, classification, (i), (ii); life grants of customs duties, (i); grants of fifteenths and tenths, (i), (ii), n. 1; attempts to impose directly assessed subsidy, (i); grants from convocation, (i); short-term borrowings, (i), (ii); Signet-letter and ‘benevolent’ loans, (i) and n. 2; from land and prerogative rights, (i) ff.; from prerogative feudal rights, (i); attempt to assess total revenue and expenditure, (i); alleged surplus, (i)

  Rhys ap Thomas, Sir, (i) and n. 2, (ii), nn 1, 3; route to Bosworth, (i); part played before and after Bosworth, (i) and n. 4, (ii); rewards, (i), n. 4, (ii) and n. 10; career, (i); and Richard III, (i)

  Richard II, (i), (ii), (iii); revenue, (i); land grants, (i)

  Richard III (duke of Gloucester), (i), n. 5, (ii), (iii); and Henry VII, (i) ff., (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi); usurpation, (i), (ii), n. 2, (iii), (iv), (v), (vi); and Francis II, (i), (ii); acts of attainder, (i), (ii) and n. 2, (iii), n. 3, (iv) and n. 2, (v), (vi), (vii), (viii); and Buckingham's rebellion, (i), (ii); sends for Great Seal, (i), (ii); proclamations against conspirators, (i) and n. 5, (ii) and n. 1, (iii); and his mother, (i) and n. 3; efforts to secure succession, (i), (ii); and queen dowager, (i), (ii), (iii); at Bosworth, (i), (ii); fate of his ‘crown’, (i) and n.; attainted by parliament, (i), (ii) and n. 1; place of death, (i); subjected to forfeiture, (i); attainders, (i), n. 2; heirs presumptive, (i); and Scotland, (i), (ii); Council in the Northern Parts, (i); envisaged financial reforms, (i) and n. 2, (ii); chief justices, (i), (ii); and collectors of tenths, (i); entitlements after 1495, (i) and n. 2; royal revenues, (i), (ii); pawns royal jewels, (i); and abolition of benevolences, (i) and n. 7; land ownership, (i); and the navy, (i); and the episcopate, (i), n. 1; Welsh appointments, (i); and Ireland, (i); tomb, (i); marriage to Anne Neville, (i)

  Richard, third duke of York, king's lieutenant in Ireland, (i), (ii); attainder, (i)

  Richard, fifth duke of York, (i), (ii); imprisonment and murder, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), n. 2, (vi), (vii), (viii); impersonated by Warbeck, (i), (ii), (iii); Tyrell's confession and, (i) and n.

  Richard ap Howel, of Mostyn, (i), n. 3

  Richmond, Franciscan house, (i); Henry VII's palace, (i), (ii)

  Rinck, Herman, agent to Maximilian, (i)

  Rioting, origin of private suits, (i); offences committed, (i); punishment, (i); dealt with by special tribunals, (i); acts referring to duties of Justices of the Peace, (i)

  Riseley (Ryseley), Sir John, (i), n. 1; and King's Council, (i) and n. 5, (ii); career, (i)

  Roberd, Walter, attainder, (i), (ii)

  Roche, Thomas, baron of the Exchequer, (i)

  Rochester, and Buckingham's rebellion, (i), n. 1, (ii); and attainders, (i)

  Rogers, Thomas, clerk of the King's Ships, (i)

  Rome, visited by Morton, (i) and n. 2, (ii), n. 3; Fraternity of the Holy Spirit and St Mary, (i), n. 2; English Hospice, (i)

  Romney, Thomas, emissary to Henry VII, (i), (ii)

  Rotherham, Thomas, archbishop of York, interim chancellor, (i); treasurer, (i)

  Roucliffe (Radcliffe), Sir Bryan, baron of the Exchequer, (i)

  Russell, John, bp. of Lincoln, chancellor, (i)

  Russie, Sir John, denunciation, (i), n. 5

  Ruthall, Thomas, King's Secretary, (i), (ii), n. 1; keeper of Privy Seal, (i); bp. of Durham, (i)

  St Leger, Sir Thomas, execution, (i), n. 2

  St Paul's Cathedral, deposit of banners, (i) and n. 2; funeral oration of Henry VII, (i)

  Salisbury, and Buckingham's rebellion, (i), n. 1, (ii), (iii), (iv); see, (v); attainders, (i)

  Sanctuary, and powers of arrest for treason, (i) and n. 4, (ii), (iii)

  Sanford, Brian, (i), n. 3

  Savage, Anthony, envoy, (i)

  Savage, Sir John, (i), n. 4

  Savage, Sir John, son of above, (i) and n. 2, (ii), n. 3, (iii); proclaimed traitor, (i); at Bosworth, (i), (ii); rewards, (i), (ii), n. 4; K.G., K.B., (i), n. 4; depicture, (i), (ii); death at Boulogne, (i); parentage, (i), n. 4

  Savage, Thomas, archbishop of York, (i), n. 4; president of King's Council, (i), n. 7, (ii)

  Savage, Thomas, and Crown lands commission, (i)

  Saxony, George, duke of, and of Friesland, (i)

  Schwartz, Martin, and battle of Stoke, (i)

  Scotland, (i), (ii), (iii); wardenship of Marches, (i) and n. 8, (ii), (iii), (iv); relations with England, (i), (ii); internal strife, (i); abortive invasion of England, (i), (ii) and n. 2; financial provision for, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); Henry VII and, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Seals and secretariats, Great Seal, (i), (ii), (iii); Privy Seal, (i), (ii), (iii) and n. 2, (iv), (v); Signet Seal, (i), (ii), (iii); custody, (i); office of keeper (i), (ii)

  Senhouse (Sever), William, bp. of Durham, surveyor of King's Prerogative, (i) and n. 1

  Sherborne, Robert, bp. of Chichester, secretary to the Signet, (i); envoy to papal court, (i); alleged forgery of papal bull, (i), n. 6; Council Learned, (i); to examine Warbeck's adherents, (i), n. 2

  Sheriffs, (i), n. 5; misdemeanours, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi); declining reliability, (i); courts of private jurisdiction, (i); statutory censure, (i); prosecutions, (i), n. 3

  Shirwood, John, bp. of Durham, (i); and Curia, (i), n. 1

  Simnel, Lambert, (i), n. 3, (ii), n. 1; crowned ‘king’ in Dublin, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); passed as earl of Warwick, (i); Irish support, (i); training for imposition, (i); life after Stoke, (i), (ii); enactment against, (i)

  Simons, Richard, and Lambert Simnel, (i); imprisonment, (i)

  Smith, William, bp. of Lincoln, (i), n. 1

  Smith, William, Council Learned, identity, (i) and n. 1

  Somerset, Charles, earl of Worcester, (i), n. 1; marriage, (i); baron Herbert of Ragland, etc., (i); envoy to Louis XII, (i)

  Southwell, Sir Robert, surveyor of Crown lands, (i); and the Audit, (i)

  Spain, (i); diplomatic relations with England, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); commercial aspect, (i); matrimonial project, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v): Henry VII's diplomacy and, (vi), (vii), (viii)

  Stafford, Edward, third duke of Buckingham, minority, (i), n. 13, (ii); wardship, (i), n. 2; K.B., (i), n. 3; restitution, (i); indenture, (i), nn 1, 2

  Stafford, Henry, second duke of Buckingham, (i), n. 13, (ii); rebellion against Richard III, (i) and n. 2, (ii) and n. 3, (iii), (iv), n. 2, (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x); centres of rising, (i) and n. 1, (ii); denunciation, (i), n. 5; capture and execution, (i) and n. 5, (ii) and n. 2, (iii); fate of conspirators, (i), (ii), n. 2; marriage of his widow, (i); attainder, (i), (ii)

  Stafford, Sir
Henry, marriage to Margaret Beaufort, (i), (ii)

  Stafford, Henry, wardship, (i), n. 2

  Stafford, Humphrey, first duke of Buckingham, (i), (ii), (iii)

  Stafford, Sir Humphrey, of Grafton, (i)

  Stafford, Humphrey, son of above, and Buckingham's rebellion, (i); armed uprising, (i), (ii) and n. 1; attainted, (i); in sanctuary, (i), (ii)

  Stafford, John (later archbishop of Canterbury), bp. of Bath and Wells, (i), n. 1; long chancellorship, (i)

  Stafford, Thomas, armed uprising, (i), (ii); arrest in sanctuary, (i); treason trial, (i)

  Stanley, Sir Humphrey, (i), n. 1

  Stanley, Katherine, wife of Sir John Savage, (i)

  Stanley, Thomas, Lord, earl of Derby, marriage to Margaret Beaufort, (i), (ii), (iii); and Buckingham's rebellion, (i) and n. 3, (ii); and Bosworth, (i), (ii), n. 1, (iii), (iv); and Henry VII, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) and n.; rewards and appointments, (i); and the coronations, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); evidence at papal dispensation, (i)

  Stanley, Sir William, (i), (ii), (iii); and Henry VII's return, (i); proclaimed traitor, (i); at Bosworth, (i), (ii) and n.; rewards and appointments, (i); implication in Warbeck's plot, (i), n. 1, (ii); attainder, (i), n. 1, (ii) and n. 3, (iii); execution, (i) and n. 2, (ii), (iii); K.G., (i), n. 2; chief justice of N. Wales, (i); cost of his funeral, (i)

  Star Chamber, (i) and n. 2, (ii), n. 2, (iii); definition and use of term, (i) and n. 3, (ii); activity of president, (i); judicial work, (i), (ii); seat of King's Council, (i) and n. 2; cases adjudicated and offences, (i) and n. 3, (ii); not an instrument of coercion, (i); and private suits, (i); differentiated from Council of Requests, (i) and n. 1; and law enforcement, (i); and Staplers-Adventurers dispute, (i)

  Starkey, Sir Humphrey, (i), (ii); chief baron of the Exchequer, judge of Common Pleas, (i)

  Stewart, Alexander, duke of Albany, and James III, (i)

  Stewart, James, first baron of Buchan, agent for Henry VII, (i), n. 4

  Stile, John, ambassador, (i), n. 1, (ii)

  Stillington, Robert, bp. of Bath and Wells, (i); career, (i), n. 1

  Stourton, John, (i), n. 1

  Strange, George, Lord, hostage for his father, (i), (ii)

  Strangways, James, (i), n. 2