Trotsky

by Dmitri Volkogonov

  31. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.8, op. cit., pp. 66-8.

  32. Deutscher, I., The Prophet Armed: Trotsky, 1879-1921, Oxford University Press, 1954, p. 62.

  33. Trotskii, Sochineniya, op. cit., pp. 65-6.

  34. Houghton Library, Trotsky coll., bMS.Russ.13.1 (8680-3).

  35. Houghton Library, Trotsky coll., bMS.Russ.13.1 (10634-41).

  36. TsGASA, f.33 987, op. 1, d.21, ll.35-41.

  37. Houghton Library, Trotsky coll., bMS.Russ.13 (T.866.3S).

  38. Houghton Library, Trotsky coll., bMS.Russ.13.1 (8680-3).

  39. These comments are from Sedova’s notes, which Trotsky used in My Life, op. cit., p. 148.

  40. KPSS v rezolyutsiyakh i resheniyakh s’ezdov, konferentsyii I plenumov TsK, 8th edn, vol.1, Moscow, 1970, p. 71.

  41. Trotsky, L., My Life, op. cit., p. 163.

  42. Lenin, Sochineniya, vol.34, p. 163

  43. Trotsky, My Life, op. cit., p. 164.

  44. Martov, Y.O., Mirovoi bol’ shevizm, Berlin, 1923, pp. 25-35.

  45. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.8, op. cit., p. 67.

  46. Trotsky, My Life, op. cit., p. 171.

  47. Trotskii, L., ‘Vtoroi s’ezd RSDRP (Otchet Sibirskoi delegatsii)’, cited in Deutscher, The Prophet Armed, op. cit., p. 83.

  48. Stalin, I.V., Sochineniya, vol. 10, Moscow, p. 205.

  49. Trotskii, Nashi politicheskie zadachi, op. cit., p. 55.

  50. Houghton Library, Trotsky coll., BMS.Russ.13.1 (10 872-10 873).

  51. Lenin, PSS vol.49, p. 390.

  52. TsPA IML, f.325, op. 1, d.6, l.1. See also Deutscher, The Prophet Armed, op. cit., pp. 232-3 for part of this letter in the Houghton Library. As Deutscher notes, the letter was also intercepted by the Russian secret police, and it can be found in the Hoover Institution under Okhrana, XVIIc, fol.2, as well as in the Nicolaevsky Collection, also at the Hoover.

  53. Trotsky’s Diary in Exile, op. cit., pp. 83-4.

  54. Lenin, PSS vol. 18, p. 363.

  55. Valentinov, N., Vstrechi s Leninym, New York, Chekhov, 1953, p. 338.

  56. Iskra, No.92, 10 March 1905.

  57. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.2, pt.1, Moscow, 1926, p. 246.

  58. Ibid., pp. 248-9.

  59. Ibid., pp. 251-4.

  60. Polnyi sbornik Platform vsekh Russkikh politicheskikh partii, n.a., St Petersburg, 1906, pp. 1-2.

  61. Trotsky, Die Russische Revolution 1905, Munich, 1907, pp. 93-7.

  62. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.2, pt.1, op. cit., p. 128.

  63. Ibid., pp. 307, 309, 311.

  64. TsPA IML, f.325, op. 1, d.201, l.15.

  65. Ibid., d.211, l.1.

  66. Luch, No.67, Paris, 21 March 1913.

  67. Zinoviev, G., Istoriya Rossiiskoi Komunisticheskoi Partii (bol’shevikov), Moscow, 1924, p. 198.

  68. TsPA IML, f.325, op. 1, d.95, l.12.

  69. TsGASA, f.33 987, op. 3, d.1103, l.146-9.

  70. Ibid., op. 1, d.178, l.287.

  71. Trotsky’s Diary in Exile, op. cit., pp. 139-40.

  72. TsPA IML, f .325, op. 1, d.3, ll.1-2.

  73. Trotskii, L., Permanentnaya revolyutsiya, Berlin, Granat, 1930, p. 167.

  74. TsPA IML, f.325, op. 1, d.190, l.55.

  75. Ibid., d.213, l.1.

  76. Ugolovnoe Ulozhenie Rossiiski Imperii, St Petersburg, 1903.

  77. TsPA IML, f, 325, op. 1, d.212, l.12.

  78. Trotsky, My Life, op. cit., p. 191.

  79. TsPA IML, f.325, op. 1, d.24, ll.2-3.

  80. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.2, pt.1, p. 478.

  81. Trotsky, My Life, op. cit., pp. 192-8.

  82. TsPA IML, f.325, op. 1, d.24, l.1.

  83. Trotsky, My Life, op. cit., p. 200.

  84. Trotskii, Nashi politicheskie zadachi, op. cit., pp. 68, 73, 78.

  85. Byulleten’ oppozitsii, August 1930, No. 14, p. 7.

  86. Lenin, PSS vol.47, p. 137.

  87. Trotsky, My Life, op. cit., pp. 213-14.

  88. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.8, pp. 47-8.

  89. TsGASA, f.4, op. 14, d.30, l.8.

  90. Bol’sheviki. Dokumenty po istorii bol’shevizma s 1903 po 1916 god byvsh. Moskovskogo Okhrannogo Otdeleniya, Moscow, 1918, pp. 111-12.

  91. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.8, p. 71.

  92. Ibid., pp. 71-2.

  93. Bol’sheviki. Dokumenty po istorii bol’shevizma s 1903 po 1916 god byvsh. Moskovskogo Okhrannogo Otdeleniya, op. cit., pp. 194-5.

  94. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.6, Moscow, 1926, pp. 415-20.

  95. Ibid., p. 10.

  96. TsPA IML, f.325, op. 1, d.229, ll.42-3.

  97. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.9, Moscow, 1927, p. 240.

  98. TsPA IML, f.325, op. 1, d.229, l.1.

  99. Ibid., d.243, l.9.

  100. Ibid., d.229, l.11.

  101. Trotsky, My Life, op. cit., p. 236.

  102. TsGASA, f.33 987, op. 2, d.86, l.6.

  103. Trotsky, My Life, op. cit., p. 232.

  104. Houghton Library, Trotsky coll., bMS.Russ.13.1 (8675-9).

  105. TsPA IML, f.325, op. 1, d.388, l.1.

  106. TsGASA, f.33 987, op. 2, d.141, l.274.

  107. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.9, p. 3.

  108. Trotsky, My Life, op. cit., p. 236.

  109. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.9, p. 6.

  110. TsGASA, f.33 987, op. 1, d.178, l.286.

  111. Arkhiv russkoi revolyutsii, vol. 11, Berlin, 1923, p. 200.

  112. Arkhiv INO OGPU, f. 17 548, d.0292, t.1, l.262.

  113. TsGASA, f.33 987, op. 1, d.32, ll.341-4.

  114. TsPA IML, f.325, op. 1, d.10, l.1.5.

  115. Trotsky’s Diary in Exile, op. cit., pp. 83-4.

  Chapter 2

  1. Trotsky, My Life, op. cit., p. 268.

  2. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.3, pt.1, pp. 45-6.

  3. Lenin, PSS vol.31, p. 115.

  4. Leninskii sbornik, vol.4, Moscow, 1925, p. 303.

  5. Lenin, PSS vol.32, p. 442.

  6. Trotskii, L., Fevral’skaya revolyutsiya, Berlin, Granat, 1931, p. 321.

  7. TsPA IML, f.325, op. 1, d.360, ll.1-5.

  8. TsGASA, f.33 987, op. 2, d.79, l.90.

  9. Ludendorff, E., Meine Kriegserinnerungen, 1914-1918, Berlin, 1919, p. 47.

  10. Arkhiv INO OGPU, d.501, t.III, ll.469-470.

  11. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.3, pt.1, pp. 165-6.

  12. Sukhanov, N., Zapiski o revolyutsii, vol.4, Berlin-St Petersburg-Moscow, 1922, p. 511.

  13. Raskolnikov, F., [In Kerensky’s Gaol], TsPA IML, f.325, op. 1, d.19, pp. 36-37.

  14. Kerenskii, A., Izdaleka, Paris, 1922, p. 11.

  15. Arkhiv russkoi revolyutsii, vol. 2, p. 89.

  16. Sukhanov, Zapiski o revolyutsii, op. cit., vol.4, pp. 306-7.

  17. Ibid., p. 188.

  18. Trotskii, L., Stalinskay a shkola fal’sifikatsii: Popravki i dopolneniya k literature epigonov, Berlin, Granat, 1932, pp. 5-7.

  19. Velikaya Oktyabr’skaya sotsialisticheskaya revolyutsiya, Entsiklopediya, Moscow, 1987, p. 18.

  20. Melgunov, S., Kok bol’sheviki zakhvatili vlast’, p. 15.

  21. TsPA IML, f.325, op. 1, d.11, l.10.

  22. Sukhanov, Zapiski o revolyutsii, op. cit., vol.7, p. 91.

  23. Lenin, PSS vol.34, pp. 435, 436.

  24. TsGASA, f.33 987, op. 3, d.76, l.24.

  25. Trotsky, L., The History of the Russian Revolution, London, Gollancz, 1934, pp. 960-1.

  26. See e.g. Lenin, N. (V. Ulyanov), Sobrante sochinenii, Moscow-Petrograd, vol.14, 1923, p. 482.

  27. Stalin, Sochineniya, vol.6, pp. 328-9.

  28. Trotskii, Stalinskaya shkola fal’sifikatsii, op. cit., p. 13.

  29. Proletarskaya revolyutsiya, No. 10 (22), 1923, pp. 150-2.

  30. Trotskii, Stalinskaya shkola fal’sifikatsii, op. cit., pp. 18, 19, 20.

  31. Ibid., p. 25.

  32. Ibid.

  33. Ibid., p. 26.

  34. Ibid., p. 27.

  35. Ibid., pp. 33-4.

  36. Ibid., pp. 37-8.

&n
bsp; 37. Trotsky, My Life, op. cit., pp. 294-5.

  38. Cited in Trotsky, The History of the Russian Revolution, op. cit., p. 926.

  39. TsPA IML, f.325, op. 1, d.11, l.5.

  40. Trotsky, My Life, op. cit., p. 295.

  41. Arkhiv INO OGPU-NKVD, f.17 548, d.0292, t.II, l.159.

  42. Rabochii i soldat, No. 3, 19 October (1 November) 1917.

  43. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.3, pt.2, p. 380.

  44. Rabochii put’, No.39, 18 October 1917.

  45. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.3, pt.2, pp. 52-3.

  46. Sukhanov, Zapiski o revolyutsii, op. cit., vol.7, p. 91.

  47. Novaya zhizn’, 31 October 1917, TsPA IML, f.325, op. 1, d, 11, l.14.

  48. Milyukov, P., Vospominaniya (1859-1917), New York, Chekhov, 1955, p. 391.

  49. Sukhanov, Zapiski o revolyutsii, op. cit., vol.7, p. 33.

  50. Cited in Trotsky, The History of the Russian Revolution, op. cit., p. 1004.

  51. TsPA IML, f.325, op. 1, d.11, l.19.

  52. Ibid., l.1.

  53. Ibid., l.16.

  54. In Rabochaya gazeta, TsPA IML, f.325, op. 1, d.11, l.11.

  55. TsGAOR, f.130, op. 1, d.1, l.20.

  56. Ibid.

  57. Trotskii, Stalinskaya shkola fal’sifikatsii, op. cit., p. 119.

  58. Ibid., p. 97.

  59. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.17, pt.1, p. 190

  60. TsGASA, f.33 987, op. 2, d.47, l.21.

  61. Savinkov, B., Nakanune novoi revolyutsii, Warsaw, 1921, pp. 19-20.

  62. Lenin, PSS vol.34, pp. 344-5.

  63. Cited in Melgunov, Kak bol’sheviki zakhvatili vlas’, op. cit., p. 268.

  64. See Izvestiya Vserossiiskoi po delam o vyborakh v Uchreditel’noe Sobranie komissii, Nos.16-22, November 1917.

  65. Cited in Anin, D., Revolyutsiya 1917 goda glazami ee rukovoditelei, Rome, 1971, p. 463.

  66. Lenin, PSS vol.35, pp. 153-4.

  67. Trotsky, My Life, op. cit., pp. 327-8.

  68. TsPA IML, f.325, op. 1, d.11, l.9.

  69. Trotsky, The History of the Russian Revolution, op. cit., 1934, p. 1197.

  70. TsPA IML, f.325, d.365, ll.78-9.

  71. Ibid., op. 2, d.11, l.21.

  72. Pravda, 7 November 1919.

  73. Proletarskaya revolyutsiya, No. 10, 1922, pp. 52-64.

  74. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.3, pt.2, p. 94.

  75. Trotsky, My Life, op. cit., p. 468.

  76. TsPA IML, f.17, op. 2, d.317, vyp. 1, ch.1, l.81.

  77. Trotsky, My Life, op. cit., p. 394.

  78. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.3, pt.2, p. 157.

  79. Trotsky, My Life, op. cit., pp. 339-40.

  80. TsGAOR, f. 130, op. 1, d.3, l.18.

  81. Czernin, O., Im Weltkriege, Berlin, 1919, p. 232.

  82. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol. 17, pt.1, p. 5.

  83. Czernin, Im Weltkriege, op. cit., pp. 319, 335.

  84. Lenin, PSS vol.35, p. 225.

  85. Vladimir Ilyich Lenin. Biograficheskaya khronika, Moscow, 1974, p. 176.

  86. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol. 17, pt.1, p. 18.

  87. Ibid., p. 31.

  88. These speeches are to be found in Lenin, Sochineniya, 2nd/3rd edition, vol.22, pp. 277, 248.

  89. TsGASA, f.33 987, op. 3, d.1075, ll.36-42.

  90. VII s’ezd Rossiiskoi kommunisticheskoi partii (bol’shevikov). Stenograficheskii otchet. Moscow-Petrograd, 1923, pp. 126-9.

  91. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.17, pt.1, p. 65.

  92. Wheeler-Bennett, J. W., Brest-Litovsk: The Forgotten Peace, London, 1963, p. 186; also cited in Deutscher, The Prophet Armed, op. cit., pp. 379-80.

  93. In Pravda, 30 November 1924.

  94. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol. 17, pt.1, pp. 103, 105, cited here from Wheeler-Bennett, Brest-Litovsk: The Forgotten Peace, op. cit., pp. 22-7.

  95. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol. 17, pt.1, p. 104, cited here from Wheeler-Bennett, Brest-Litovsk: The Forgotten Peace, op. cit., p. 227.

  96. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.17, pt.1, p. 115.

  97. Ibid., p. 116.

  98. Ibid., p. 111.

  99. Ibid., p. 659.

  100. Ibid., pp. 134-44.

  101. Ibid., pp. 141-2.

  102. Istoriya VKP(b): Kratkii kurs. Moscow.

  103. VII s’ezd Rossiiskoi kommunisticheskoi partii (bol’shevikov). Stenograficheskii otchet, op. cit., p. 86.

  104. Merezhkovskii, D., Polnoe sobranie sochinenii, vol.15, pp. 22-3.

  105. Plekhanov, G., God na Rodine: Polnoe sobranie sochinenii i rechei, 1917-1918 gg., Paris, 1921, vol.2, p. 75.

  106. Lenin, PSS vol.30, p. 133.

  107. TsPA IML, f.325, op. 2, d.11, l.25.

  108. Kerenskii, Izdaleka, op. cit.

  109. TsGASA, f.1, op. 1, d.37, l.212.

  110. Ibid., d.123, ll.100-1.

  111. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.17, pt.1, p. 213.

  112. Ibid., p. 157.

  113. Ibid., p. 160.

  114. Ibid., p. 201.

  115. Ibid., p. 205.

  116. Ibid., p. 214.

  117. TsPA IML, f.325, op. 1, d.270, ll.1-4.

  118. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.17, pt.1, pp. 164-5.

  119. TsPA IML, f.325, op. 2, d.1, ll.5-6.

  120. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.17, pt.1, pp. 183-4.

  121. Ibid., p. 207.

  122. Russkaya mysl’, Paris; cited in Fevral’skaya revolyutsiya. Revolyutsiya i grazhdanskaya voina v opisaniyakh beloguardeitsev, Moscow-Leningrad, 1925, p. 121.

  123. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.17, pt.1, pp. 187-8.

  Chapter 3

  1. Arkhiv INO OGPU, f.17 548, d.0292, t.1, ll.106-7.

  2. Grazhdanskaya voina 1918-1921, Moscow, 1928, vol.1, p. 15.

  3. TsGASA, f.4, op. 14, d.7, l.79.

  4. Trotsky, My Life, op. cit., pp. 349-50.

  5. Ibid., pp. 351-2.

  6. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.17, pt.1, pp. 686-7.

  7. Ibid., pp. 267-8.

  8. Ibid., p. 362.

  9. Ibid., pp. 363, 369-70.

  10. Ibid., p. 329.

  11. TsGASA, f.33 987, op. 1, d.329, l.106.

  12. Arkhiv INO OGPU, f.17 548, d.0292, t.2, ll.202-18.

  13. Arkhiv russkoi revolyutsii, vol. 12, pp. 89-93.

  14. Lenin, PSS vol.36, p. 79.

  15. Ibid., p. 95.

  16. TsGASA, f.33 987, op. 2, d.361, l.170.

  17. Ibid., d.85, l.29.

  18. Ibid., op. 1, d.146, l.125.

  19. TsPA IML, f.325, op. 1, d.40, l.9.

  20. TsGASA, f.33 987, op. 1, d.41, l.2.

  21. Ibid., op. 2, d.41, l.7.

  22. TsPA IML, f.325, op. 1, d.40, l.19.

  23. TsGASA, f.33 987, op. 2, d.40, l.29.

  24. Trotsky, My Life, op. cit., p. 397.

  25. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.17, pt.1, pp. 507-8.

  26. Ibid., pp. 509-11.

  27. Arkhiv INO OGPU, f.17 548, d.0292, t.2, l.212.

  28. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.17, pt.1, pp. 451-76.

  29. Ibid., p. 476.

  30. Trotsky, My Life, op. cit., p. 396.

  31. TsPA IML, f.325, op. 1, d.40, l.21.

  32. Lenin, PSS vol.50, p. 133.

  33. TsGASA, f.4, op. 1, d.16, l.239.

  34. TsGASA, f.176, op. 3, d.171, l.2.

  35. Direktivy komandovaniya frontov Krasnoi Armii (1917-1922), Moscow, 1978, vol.4, p. 38.

  36. Trotsky, My Life, op. cit., pp. 402-3.

  37. TsPA IML, f.325, op. 1, d.403, l.84a.

  38. Ibid., l.86.

  39. Trotsky, My Life, op. cit., p. 408.

  40. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.17, pt.1 p. 519.

  41. Arkhiv russkoi revolyutsii, vol.7, p. 273.

  42. Trotsky, My Life, op. cit., pp. 407-8.

  43. TsPA IML, f.325, op. 1, d.40, l.29.

  44. TsGASA, f.33 987, op. 3, d.46, l.301.

  45. Direktivy komandovaniya frontov Krasnoi Armii (1917-1922), op. cit., vol.2, p. 790.

  46. Ibid., p. 410.

  47. TsGASA, f.33 987, op. 2,
d.40, l.29.

  48. Leninskii sbornik, vol.37, Moscow, 1970, p. 106.

  49. TsGASA, f.33 988, op. 2, d.289, ll.19-20.

  50. Lenin, PSS vol.51, pp. 206-7.

  51. Ibid., p. 208.

  52. TsGASA, f.33897, op. 2, d.32, l.533.

  53. Golovin, N.N., Rossiiskaya kontrrevolyutsiya, 1917-1918 gg., vol.5, Paris, 1937, pp. 129, 131.

  54. Arkhiv russkoi revolyutsii, vol.10, p. 183.

  55. Denikin, A.I., Ocherki russkoi smuty, vol.5, Berlin, 1926, p. 136.

  56. Arkhiv INO OGPU, f.17 548, d.0292, t.II, l.208.

  57. Savinkov, B.V., Nakanune novoi revolyutsii, p. 27.

  58. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.17, pt.2, p. 349.

  59. Ibid., pp. 196-7.

  60. Ibid., p. 189.

  61. Lukomskii, A.S., Vospominaniya, Berlin, 1922, pp. 165-7.

  62. Denikin, Ocherki russkoi smuty, vol.1, p. 1.

  63. Ibid., pp. 357-8.

  64. TsGASA, f.33 987, op. 1, d.475, ll.350-4.

  65. Ibid., op. 2, d.682, ll.57-9.

  66. Ibid., op. 3, d.864, ll.408-10.

  67. Berdyaev, Samopoznanie, op. cit., p. 269.

  68. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol.17, pt.2, p. 182.

  69. Ibid., p. 184.

  70. TsPA IML, f.325, op. 1, d.12, ll.1-10.

  71. TsGASA, f.33987, op. 1, d.475, l.178.

  72. Ibid., d.195, l.73.

  73. Ibid., op. 2, d.41, l.5.

  74. TsPA IML, f.17, op. 65, d.34, ll.163-5.

  75. TsGASA, f.100, 0;.3, d.192, l.277.

  76. TsGASA, f.33 987, op. 1, d.306, ll.111, 125.

  77. Ibid., d. 146, ll.111, 125.

  78. Ibid., l.72.

  79. Ibid., op. 2, d.89, l.375.

  80. Ibid., l.373.

  81. Ibid., d.3, l.52.

  82. Ibid., op. 1, d.266, l.556.

  83. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol. 17, pt.2, p. 149.

  84. TsGASA, f.33 987, op. 2, d.3, l.66.

  85. Ibid., op. 1, d.229, l.213.

  86. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol. 17, pt.2, p. 212.

  87. Ibid., pp. 256, 260.

  88. TsGASA, f.33 987, op. 1, d.146, l.254.

  89. Trotskii, Sochineniya, vol. 17, pt.2, pp. 265-7.

  90. TsGASA, f.33 987, op. 2, d.141, ll.790-3.

  91. Trotsky, My Life, op. cit., p. 413.

  92. TsGASA, f.33 987, op. 1, d.25, ll.16-44.

  93. TsGASA, f.4, op. 7, d.125, ll.5.

  94. Ibid., d.34, l.60.

  95. TsGASA, f.33 987, op. 2, d.40, l.314.

  96. Trotsky, My Life, op. cit., pp. 419-20.

  97. TsGASA, f.33 987, op. 1, d.45, l.3.

  98. Ibid., op. 2, d.47, l.66.

  99. Ibid., op. 1, d.41, l.218.

  100. Ibid., op. 2, d.42, l.460.

  101. Ibid., op. 1, d.45, l.17.