To Arms
Page 175
Soldau 317, 328–9
Solf, Wilhelm 746
Sollum 745–6, 748, 751
Solomon islands 465, 471
Somalia 577, 579, 628, 746–7
Sombart, Werner 1128–30, 1135–6, 1138
Somerset Light Infantry 206
Somme 172, 264, 266–7, 269, 1085–6, 1089, 1113
battle of 933, 970
Songea 577, 622–3, 629, 634–5, 640
Sordet, General 220, 224, 259–60
Sorley, Charles 137
Souchon, Wilhelm 644, 646–51, 676–9, 685–7, 699, 716–17, 754, 949
South Africa 205–6, 445, 496, 498, 501, 819
Afrikaners and Union 544–5, 550–4, 561–2, 568, 600–1
church 552
Defence Forces 546–7, 550–2, 598–9, 601, 614, 626–7, 631
East Africa and 598–601, 605, 626, 641–2
gold 826
Indians in 544
Labour party 543–4, 554
Nationalist party 545, 551, 554
Parliament and war 546, 551
rebellion 551–4
responses to outbreak of war 543–4, 546
South Africa party 554
war aims 544, 566–9, 600–1, 608, 624, 626, 642–3
South African Native National Congress 544
Southampton, H.M.S. 416, 429
South West Africa 118–19, 207, 448, 452, 497, 544–6, 570, 598–601, 605, 623
armistice in 566, 568–9
Boer links with 553–5, 563, 568–9
defence, plans for 554–6, 559–60, 566
finance 556
food 555–6, 566
invasion of 550
plans for 546, 548, 560–1
rebellion in 564
Schütztruppen 555–7
Spain 24, 495, 509, 526, 538, 756, 766, 768, 833, 984–6, 1025, 1029, 1065, 1107
Spee, Graf von 428, 464, 466–80
Heinrich 478
Otto 478
Spencer, Herbert 134
Spengler, Oswald 136, 1136
Spicer-Simson, G. B. 616
spies 106, 145, 710, 737–8, 754, 756, 768–9, 791
Spitzmüller, Alexander 853, 918
Sprenger, Otto 697
Spring-Rice, Cecil 800, 804, 978
Srem 345
Staabs, Heinrich von 169
‘stab in the back’ 163, 569
Stallupönen 321
Stamp, Josiah 872, 904
Stampfer, Friedrich 122
Stanford, Charles 141
Stanford University 795
Stanley, Venetia 811
Staringer, Adolf 764
state intervention 897–8, 903, 964–5, 1112
see also under individual countries
Stavka, see Russia, army
Steinkopf 553–4
Stettiner Vulcan 408
Stewart, J. M. 603, 606–7
Steyr 1046
stock exchange closure 821–2, 839, 843, 845, 849
Stockholm 490–1
Stoddart, Archibald 473, 475
Stokes, Wilfred 1069–70
Stolypin, P. A. 19–20, 44, 59, 299, 403
Strachey, Charles 542
Straub, Johann 293, 296
Strasbourg 150, 168, 177, 207, 212, 234
Strempel, Walter von 666–7
strikes 1072–3
Strong, Benjamin 831–2, 966, 973
Struve, P. B. 59
Strykoff 370
Stuck, Franz von 136
Sturdee, Frederick Doveton 382, 391, 415, 422, 441, 475–7
Sturgkh, Karl 40, 75–6
Stuttgart 106, 111, 116, 119
submarines 378, 384–5, 394–7, 412, 417–21, 431–2, 434, 437, 439–40, 444, 590, 751, 754, 767, 769, 913, 966–7, 975–6, 984, 991, 1029
Sudan 577, 598, 704, 729, 732, 746–7, 749–50
Südekum, Albert 122
Sudi 615
Suez canal 448, 598, 647, 652, 680, 687, 689, 695, 700–1, 729, 734–42
suffragettes 131
Sukhomlinov, V. A. 83, 301–3, 306–8, 312–15, 317, 719, 999, 1096, 1098, 1102–4
Sulayman, Awlad 752
Sunguldak 692
Sun Yat-sen 456, 487, 802–3
Sussex 160
Suva 465
Suvalki 360
Suvorov, A. V. 304, 306
Svechin, A. A. 1007
Swakopmund 548, 559–65
Swakop river 562, 565
Swat 807
Sweden 308, 350, 405, 491, 771, 773, 781, 785, 788, 833, 942, 945, 947, 984, 986, 1019–20, 1027, 1065, 1091
Swilly, Lough 420
Switzerland 260, 280, 833, 942, 945, 947–8, 955, 984–6
as base for propaganda 705, 710, 734, 772, 799
Sydney 384, 453
Sydney, H.M.A.S. 479–80
Syra 647
Syria 655, 664, 685, 687, 689–90, 701, 708, 735–6, 738, 743, 754, 951
Szögeny, Laslo von 71
Tabora 574, 577, 586, 589, 597, 608, 610, 612, 615, 618–19, 621–2, 630, 634, 640
Tabriz 714–15, 772–3, 775–6
tactics: African 503–4, 513, 753–4, 760, 764
infantry 167–8, 187–9, 221–2, 230, 237–9, 279–80, 303–5, 321–2, 341, 578, 617, 994, 998–9, 1001–4, 1008, 1081, 1086
naval 391–3, 410, 419–20, 445–6, 475, 1012
Tafel, Theodor 633–5
Tailalat 766
Tagama, Sultan of Air 763
Tagore, Rabindranath 803
Tahir Bey, Asif 756–7, 768
Tahiti 472, 476
Taiwan 455
Talaat, Mehmed 654, 657–9, 667–9, 673, 675–6, 678, 697, 718
Tanga 574, 576, 580–4, 591, 596, 604, 608, 610, 614, 617, 638
Tanganyika, see East Africa, German
lake 574–5, 585, 597, 600, 616, 618
Tangistani 781, 788
Tankosic, Vojin 66–7
Tannenberg, battle of 323–31, 333–5, 723
Tanty, Etienne 155
Tappen, Gerhard 231, 237, 242, 262, 265
Tarde, Alfred de 139
Tardieu, André 269, 980
Tarnopol 348
Tatars 708, 712, 714–15
Taurus mountains 690–1, 716
Taveta 576, 579, 596, 599, 602, 605–7
Tawney, R. H. 133
taxation, principles of 862–6, 903–5
see also under individual countries
Taza 766, 768
Tebuk 690
Teheran 772–3, 782–8, 791
telephones 233–4
Tell Ebiad 690–1, 716
Terauchi Seiki 492
Terschelling 430
Tersztyansky von Nadas, Karl 344
Tervaete 275
Teskilat-i Mahsusa 684, 705, 757
Tete 636
Texel 421
Thailand 799, 802
Thames river 427
Theodosia 678
Thierry, Joseph 858, 881–2
Thionville 184, 195, 207, 212, 217
Thomas, Albert 1062–4, 1078, 1081, 1109–10, 1111
Thomas, D. A. 1087, 1105
Thorn 316, 368–9
Thourout 275–6
Thrace 687–8, 698, 717
Thurn, Count 799
Tibati 534–5, 537, 542
Tiflis 712, 715–16, 719, 726, 776, 786
Tiger, H.M.S. 433–5
Tighe, M. J. 582, 584, 587–8, 603, 606
Tigris river 660, 786
Timbuktu 763
Timchenko-Ruban, General 1104
Times, The 143, 1076–7, 1121, 1124
Timsah lake 739
Tirpitz, Alfred von 11–12, 20–1, 23, 31, 33, 52–3, 78, 175, 405–13, 418, 424–6, 431, 437–8, 440, 447, 449, 453, 458, 650, 666, 700, 1017
Tisza, Istvan 38, 56, 76–7, 296, 336, 346, 372
Tiznit 767
tobacco production 902, 947, 955
Tochi 807
Todenwarth, Wol
ffron 751
Togoland 448, 495, 505–9, 513, 520, 542, 763
Tokyo University 803
Tomashoff 371
Tombeur, Charles 585–6, 597, 600, 608, 615–19
torpedo boats 377, 384, 391, 394, 418, 423, 426, 432–4, 444, 662
torpedoes 418, 420, 435
Toul 181, 194, 244–5, 253, 263, 1001
Toulon 377
Touareg 761–4
Tournai 221
Townley, William 776
Trabzon 715–17
trade unionism, international 114, 132
Trades Union Congress 864
Transvaal 552–3, 600
Treasury agreement 1073, 1080
Trekkopjes 564
Treitschke, Heinrich von 143, 1120, 1122, 1127
trenches 230, 260–1, 278–80, 321, 341, 356–7, 373, 463, 994, 999–1000, 1004, 1032–3, 1079
Trevelyan, Charles 132–3
Trier 168, 265
Trieste 1040
trinitrotoluene (TNT) 1027, 1083–4
Triple Alliance 8, 14, 29, 44–5, 51–2, 57, 100, 287, 290
Tripoli 745, 752, 764
Tripolitania, see Libya
Triumph, H.M.S. 447, 466, 470
Troeltsch, Ernst 1116, 1120, 1131–2, 1134–5, 1137–8
Troubridge, Ernest 646–7, 673–4
Trubetskoy, G. N. 59–60
Trudoviks 115–16
Tryon, George 392
Tsaritsyn 1103
Tsavo 580, 599
Tschirschky, Heinrich von 71
Tserethlis, Michael 718
tsetse fly 605, 609, 612, 614, 620
Tsinan 462
Tsingtao 10, 447–9, 453, 457, 459–60, 462–4, 466–7, 470–1, 484, 490–2
Tsushima, battle of 32, 298, 376–7, 392–3, 403, 405–7, 418
Tsumeb 548, 565–8
Tuan Chi-jui 489
Tübingen University 1122
Tulle 1060
Tulo 614
Tundala 630
Tunduru 630, 633
Tunisi, Salih ash-Sharif al- 711
Tunisia 696, 709–11, 743, 745, 750, 754, 758, 760–4, 769, 813, 1132
Turanianism, see pan-Turkism
Turiani 612
Turkestan 317, 659, 703–4, 715
Turkey 33, 35
Action Army 654
Afghanistan and 770, 779–80
armies: 1st 687–8, 784
2nd 654, 688
3rd 654, 688, 699, 717, 719, 722–4, 784
4th 685, 689, 700–1, 711, 732, 735, 743, 748
6th 779, 784, 814, 951
army 41, 60, 670, 677–8, 680–89, 693, 737
artillery 683, 952, 1032
budget 682–3
cavalry 683
general staff 686, 722–4
German mission 664, 666–7, 685–8, 717, 722–4, 735, 784
manpower 681–2, 688, 693, 717
munitions 683–4, 691–2
officer corps 681, 688
in politics 653–7, 666, 681, 684
supply services 683–4, 722–3, 734–6, 739, 742
Austria-Hungary, relations with 51, 655, 663, 667, 670, 672, 698–9, 711, 952
Balkan league and 668–72, 687, 698, 701
Balkan Wars and 49–51, 290, 655–7, 667, 683, 717, 722
borrowing 953–4
overseas 949–53
Britain, relations with 45, 60, 652, 655, 660–3, 667, 672–5, 679–80, 730
Bulgaria and 667–8, 671, 675, 677–8, 701
capitulations 653, 671, 673, 675–6
coal 692
Committee of Union and Progress 654–60, 661, 669, 672, 678, 703–4, 730–2
corps: VIII 687, 701, 735–6, 738;
IX 716, 722–8
X 717, 722–8
XI 717, 722–3, 725–7
XII 701
currency and circulation 903, 950–1, 953
divisions: 10th 742
17th 724, 726
28th 726
29th 725
economy 816, 955
education 706–7
Egypt and 729–32
Entente and 671–3, 675, 950
exchange rates 949
financial crisis, August 1914 675–6
foreign borrowing 61, 652–3, 656, 663, 668, 676, 691, 711
France, relations with 652, 655–6, 663, 667–8, 672, 675
Germany, relations with 51–2, 60–1, 648–51, 655, 661, 663–80, 698–701, 706–12, 729–30, 735–6, 751, 771, 779–80, 782, 784, 949–53, 1049
Greece, relations with 662, 667–8, 671
India and 798–9, 805–8
Islam and 651–2, 658, 668
Italy, relations with 661, 745, 760
language 682, 706–7
liberalism in 653, 656, 658
Libya and 743–54, 760
ministry of war 689, 704–5, 722
Morocco and 756–7, 760, 768
multi-nationalism 651, 658
munitions production 1065
nationalism 651, 658–60, 680, 702–4, 709–10
navy 60–1, 649–51, 661–2, 673–4, 677–8, 685,
699, 701, 717
neutrality 670–4, 676, 678–9
Persia and 774, 776, 778–80, 782, 784–5
prices 951
railways 655, 660, 663–4, 689–93, 734
see also Baghdad railway
Romania and 668, 671–2, 698, 701
Russia, relations with 652, 655, 658, 661–2, 664, 667–8, 670, 672–3, 675, 678–9
sultanate 653, 656
taxation 903
trade 663, 952–3
Triple Alliance and 671–2
war aims 671–2, 729
see also pan-Turkism
war enthusiasm 673, 675
war loan 953
war plans 687–9, 698–702, 737–8
Young Turk revolution 41–3, 653–4
Turkish Hearth Society 658
Tussum 739
Tutsi, see Watusi
Twenty-One Demands 483–7
Tyne river 427
Tyrwhitt, Reginald 415–19, 431–2
Ubangi river 509, 518
Ubena 623, 640
Uchida Ryohei 484–5
Uchida Yasuya 490–1
Ufiome 608
Uganda 499–500, 576, 578–9, 586, 596–8, 615, 617, 704
Ujedinjenje ili Smrt 46, 66–7, 76
Ujiji 615, 618
Ukraine 696, 699, 712, 1117
Uluguru mountains 613, 615
Ulu Kischla 690, 716
Umba valley 596
Umma party 730–1
Union of Democratic Control 133
union sacrée 129–30, 131, 133, 156, 1138
Union of Towns 1097, 1099
Union of Zemstvos 1097, 1099
United States:
army 991
banks 940–1; see also Federal Reserve system
Belgium, loans to 977
borrowing 907, 923, 935–41, 974, 984, 991
Britain and 457, 800, 804
loans to 966–8, 970, 972–5, 977–9, 989
trade with 963, 966, 972–4, 1105–6, 1108
budgets 862, 876–8
China and 456, 486–7
Congress 831, 877–8
currency 826, 936, 941
economy 13
entry to war 831–2, 943, 974–6, 991, 1114
exchange rates 826–7, 830–1, 935–6, 965–8, 976, 978-9
Federal Reserve system 831–2, 907, 935–6, 940, 966, 973–4, 978, 983
financial pressures on allies 861, 955, 973–4, 976–7, 979, 984, 991–2
France, loans to 962, 964, 970, 972–3, 977, 979-81, 984, 986
trade with 963, 969, 973, 1050, 1056, 1106, 1108
Germany, relations with 460, 800, 943–4, 1019, 1025, 1029, 1139
gold 832–3, 907, 935–6, 959, 966, 973, 976, 986
gold production 826–7
immigration 443
, 795–6
industry 831, 937, 991
India and 795–6, 800, 804
inflation 832, 936–7, 941
interest rates 937, 939–41
Italy, loans to 961–2, 975, 977, 979, 982–3
trade with 961–2
Japan, relations with 444, 456, 458, 464, 467, 487, 489
Liberty loans 938–41
loan anticipation certificates 938
metal industry 1052
munitions industry 1050, 1061, 1083, 1086, 1104–6, 1108, 1112
navy 384, 442, 445–6, 458, 677
neutrality 962–3, 966, 974, 976, 991
Russia, loans to 956–7, 975, 977
trade with 956–7, 959
Samoa and 483
Spain, trade with 985–6
stock exchange 821, 826–7, 937
Switzerland, trade with 986
taxation 865, 876–8, 905, 937–9
excess profits 877–8
income 876–8
trade unions 114
universities and the war 1122–5
Upington 548, 550–1, 553–5, 568
Urals 1095
Urbal, Victor d’ 276–7
Urfella 752
Urmia, lake 775, 779
Urundi 577, 585–6, 597, 608, 615–18, 630
Usakos 559, 562, 564–5
Usambara 574, 617–18
Usdau 329
Usedom, Guido von 686–7
Utungi lake 626
Uzice 340, 343, 345–6
Vaal river 553
Vaillant, Edouard 111–12, 114, 119, 126
Valenciennes 222, 224, 265, 268
Valjevo 338, 340, 343–4
Valparaiso 473, 475–6
Van 716, 719
lake 775, 779, 784
Vanderlip, Frank 963
Vandervelde, Emil 113, 116, 159
Vankov, General 1098
Varta river 367
Vaterlandische Frauenverein 109
Vatican 1117, 1119
see also Catholicism
Venizelos, Eleutherios 649, 673–4
Verdun 168–9, 177, 181, 185, 194–5, 201, 245, 248, 250, 253, 255, 257, 259–61, 263–5, 267, 366, 970, 1001
Verdun, Archbishop of 1118
Vereeniging, Treaty of 544
Versailles, Treaty of 1–2
Vesle river 256
Vickers 395, 662, 1065–8, 1071–3, 1081–2, 1091, 1104
Victoria, Australia 445
Victoria, Cameroons 509, 519–20
Victoria, H.M.S. 392
Victoria, Lake 576, 586, 588, 598, 617, 630
Vienna 41, 104–5, 112, 150, 157, 1043
Vienne 155
Vignal, Colonel 1106
Vilkovishki 360
Vilna 306, 317, 326, 1093
Vimy 268
Virton 219
Visegrad 345
Visloka river 359, 361
Vistula 286, 289, 291, 307, 309, 318, 320, 322–4, 327, 331, 348, 350, 353, 359, 361, 364–5, 367, 369, 373
Vitry-le-François 226
Viviani, René 76, 81, 86, 91–3, 127, 130, 151, 1062
Vladikavlaz 716
Vladivostok 1092, 1107
vocabulary 108
Voi 579, 596, 599, 607
Volga 306
Volta river 505