Bush, George H. W., (i)
Bush, George W., (i)
Camdessus, Michel, (i)
Cameron, Charles, (i)
Cameron, David, (i), (ii)
Canada, (i)
Capitalism’s Achilles Heel (Baker), (i)
Carnation Revolution (1974), (i), (ii)
Caryl, Christian, (i)
Castro, Fidel, (i)
Catherine II, empress of Russia, (i), (ii)
Caucasian republics, (i), (ii)
Cayman Islands, (i), (ii), (iii)
cement industry, (i)
censorship, (i), (ii)
Center for Strategic Research, (i), (ii), (iii)
Central Bank of Russia (CBR), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii); as banking regulator, (i); during crash of 1998, (i); inflation targeting by, (i); professionalism at, (i); ruble overvalued by, (i); sanctions eluded by, (i); statistics from, (i), (ii), (iii); succession battle at, (i), (ii); tight money policy of, (i)
chaebols, (i)
Chaika, Artem, (i), (ii), (iii)
Chaika, Yuri, (i), (ii)
Channel Islands, (i)
Chechnya, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Chemezov, Sergei, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Cherkezov, Viktor, (i)
Chernomyrdin, Viktor, (i), (ii)
Chevron, (i)
Chichvarkin, Yevgeny, (i), (ii)
China, (i), (ii), (iii); censorship in, (i); crony capitalism in, (i), (ii); currency and gold reserves of, (i); energy supplies to, (i), (ii); in intergovernmental organizations, (i), (ii), (iii); as military threat, (i), (ii); Russian trade with, (i); U.S. financial activities by, (i), (ii)
Chubais, Anatoly, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Civil Initiative, (i)
Clausewitz, Carl von, (i)
Cleland, David, (i)
Clinton, Bill, (i)
Clinton, Hillary, (i), (ii)
Cobham, Alex, (i)
Combating America’s Adversaries through Sanctions Act (CAATSA), (i), (ii)
commodities, (i), (ii); crash of 1998 linked to, (i); falling prices of, (i), (ii); profiteering from, (i), (ii); rising prices of, (i), (ii), (iii). See also oil and gas
Common Economic Space, (i), (ii)
Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), (i), (ii), (iii)
Communal Services Reform Fund, (i)
Communist Party of the Russian Federation, (i)
Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); banning of, (i)
comparative advantage, (i)
Congo, Democratic Republic of, (i)
Cooper, Julian, (i)
corporate income tax, (i)
corporate raiding, (i), (ii)
Corporation, The (Felshtinsky and Pribylovsky), (i)
Corruption Perceptions Index, (i), (ii)
Council of Europe, (i)
creative destruction, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)
crime, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)
Crimea, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi); Russian annexation of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi)
Crimean War (1853–1856), (i), (ii)
Criminal Procedure Code (2002), (i)
Cuba, (i)
Cuban missile crisis, (i)
currency devaluation, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v). See also exchange rates
current account balance, (i), (ii), (iii)
cyber warfare, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
Cyprus, (i), (ii), (iii)
Czechoslovakia, (i), (ii)
Czech Republic, (i)
dark money, (i)
Dawisha, Karen, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Decembrist uprising (1825), (i)
Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement, (i), (ii)
deinstitutionalization, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)
Delaware, (i), (ii)
Delovaya Rossiya, (i)
Democratic National Committee, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Democratic Republic of Congo, (i)
Denmark, (i)
Deripaska, Oleg, (i), (ii)
Destined for War (Allison), (i)
Diamond, Larry, (i)
Diana Yakovlev Act (2013), (i)
Dickens, Charles, (i)
Di Salvo, Mattia, (i)
Dmitriev, Vladimir, (i), (ii), (iii)
Donbas, (i), (ii), (iii)
Dresdner Bank, (i)
Dubai, (i), (ii)
Durov, Pavel, (i)
Dvorkovich, Arkady, (i)
East Asian financial crisis (1997), (i)
East Germany, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Economist, (i), (ii)
Egypt, (i), (ii)
Eisenstein, Sergei, (i)
election interference, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Ensign, Rachel Louise, (i)
enterprise subsidies, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
E.on (German energy company), (i)
Estonia, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
Ethiopia, (i)
Eurasian Development Bank, (i), (ii)
Eurasian Economic Commission, (i), (ii)
Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
European Commission, (i)
European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), (i), (ii)
European Free Trade Association, (i)
European Neighborhood Policy, (i)
European Union (EU), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii); enlargement of, (i), (ii), (iii); Chinese trade with, (i); CIS and EAEU modeled after, (i), (ii); EAEU contrasted with, (i); energy exports to, (i), (ii), (iii); enlargement of, (i); money laundering combated by, (i); parliamentary systems in, (i); Russian trade with, (i), (ii); sanctions by, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); transparency promoted by, (i); Ukrainian agreement with, (i), (ii), (iii)
Euroset, (i), (ii), (iii)
exchange rates: after crash of 1998, (i), (ii); floating, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); foreign trade and, (i), (ii); oil and gas and, (i), (ii); policy proposals for, (i), (ii); profiteering from, (i); public debt and, (i); speculation in, (i). See also currency devaluation
excise tax, (i)
extortion, (i), (ii), (iii)
ExxonMobil, (i), (ii)
Facebook, (i), (ii)
February Revolution (1917), (i), (ii)
Federal Security Service (FSB), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x); as dominant law enforcement agency, (i), (ii); election interference by, (i); enlargement of, (i), (ii), (iii); intelligence gathering by, (i); Internet regulation by, (i); need to abolish, (i)
Federation Council, (i)
Fedorov, Boris, (i)
Felshtinsky, Yuri, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Financial Accountability and Corporate Transparency (FACT) Coalition, (i)
Financial Action Task Force (FATF), (i)
Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
financial crisis of 1998, (i), (ii); banks devastated by, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi); causes of, (i), (ii); lessons of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi); recovery from, (i), (ii), (iii); winners and losers in, (i)
financial crisis of 2008–2009, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
Financial Times, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Findley, Michael, (i)
Finland, (i), (ii), (iii)
First Person (Putin), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Firtash, Dmytro, (i), (ii)
Fish, Steven, (i)
Florida, (i), (ii)
Forbes, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA), (i)
foreign debt, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
foreign direct investment, (i), (
ii), (iii), (iv)
Fortescue, Stephen, (i), (ii)
Fradkov, Mikhail, (i)
Fradkov, Petr, (i)
France, (i), (ii), (iii)
Freedom House, (i), (ii)
Fridman, Mikhail, (i), (ii)
Fried, Daniel, (i)
Frye, Timothy, (i)
FSO (Federal Protection Service), (i), (ii), (iii)
Fukuyama, Francis, (i)
Fund for the Fight against Corruption, (i)
Fursenko, Andrei, (i), (ii), (iii)
Fursenko, Sergei, (i)
G-7 (Group of Seven), (i)
G-8 (Group of Eight), (i), (ii), (iii)
G-20 (Group of Twenty), (i), (ii)
Gaddafi, Muammar, (i)
Gaddy, Cliff, (i), (ii)
Gaidar, Yegor, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)
Gaidar Forum, (i)
Gaidar Institute, (i)
Galeotti, Mark, (i), (ii), (iii)
Gans-Morse, Jordan, (i), (ii), (iii)
Ganzakombank, (i)
Gazfond, (i), (ii)
Gazprom, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii); anticompetitive behavior imputed to, (i); exports of, (i); formation of, (i); gas cutoffs by, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); as geopolitical tool, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); governance of, (i), (ii); government guarantees for, (i); looting of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi); market capitalization of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii); media assets of, (i), (ii), (iii); mismanagement of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); nepotism and, (i); no-bid procurement by, (i), (ii); Putin’s stake in, (i); Rotenbergs enriched by, (i), (ii), (iii); sanctions eluded by, (i); steelworks of, (i); Timchenko enriched by, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); Yukos sale and, (i)
Gazprombank, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Gazprom Drilling, (i)
Gazprom Media Group, (i)
Gazprom Neft (Sibneft), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), (i)
Georgia, (i), (ii), (iii); CIS joined by, (i); corruption curtailed in, (i), (ii); judicial system rebuilt in, (i); power cutoffs in, (i); Rose Revolution in, (i); Russian intervention in, (i), (ii), (iii)
Gerasimov, Valery, (i)
Gerasimov Doctrine, (i)
Germany, (i), (ii); gas pipeline to, (i), (ii); Iraq War opposed by, (i); Russian holdings in, (i), (ii); Ukraine crisis and, (i); World War I and, (i), (ii)
Giucci, Ricardo, (i)
glasnost, (i)
Glaziev, Sergei, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)
Glencore, (i)
Global Financial Integrity, (i), (ii)
Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act (2016), (i), (ii), (iii)
Global Witness, (i)
Goldgeier, James, (i)
Google, (i)
Gorbachev, Mikhail, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); democratic forces unleashed by, (i); reforms introduced by, (i)
Gorbachev’s Struggle for Economic Reform (Åslund), (i)
Gorkov, Sergei, (i), (ii), (iii)
Gosplan (State Planning Committee), (i)
Gozman, Leonid, (i)
Great Britain, (i)
Greece, (i)
Gref, Herman, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
Grey, Stephen, (i)
Gros, Daniel, (i)
Group of Eight (G-8), (i), (ii), (iii)
Group of Seven (G-7), (i)
Group of Twenty (G-20), (i), (ii)
GRU (Main Intelligence Directorate), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Guardian, (i)
Gudkov, Lev, (i), (ii), (iii)
Gumilev, Lev, (i), (ii)
Gunvor (oil-trading company), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Guriev, Sergei, (i), (ii), (iii)
Gurvich, Yevsei, (i)
Gusinsky, Vladimir, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
Gustafson, Thane, (i), (ii), (iii)
Harding, Luke, (i), (ii)
Helsinki Charter (1975), (i), (ii)
Hendley, Kathryn, (i)
Henry, James S., (i)
Hermitage Capital Management, (i), (ii)
Herzen, Alexander, (i)
Hill, Fiona, (i), (ii)
Hirschman, Albert, (i)
Hong Kong, (i), (ii)
How Russia Became a Market Economy (Åslund), (i)
Hungary, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Huntington, Samuel, (i)
Hussein, Saddam, (i)
Ignatiev, Sergei, (i), (ii), (iii)
IKEA, (i)
Illarionov, Andrei, (i), (ii), (iii)
Ilyin, Ivan, (i)
import substitution, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
INDEM Foundation, (i)
India, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
Industrial Union of Donbas, (i)
inequality, (i), (ii)
infant mortality, (i), (ii)
inflation, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii); borrowers benefiting from, (i); devaluation linked to, (i), (ii); pensions indexed to, (i); Russia countersanctions linked to, (i); after Soviet breakup, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); under Soviet rule, (i); targeting of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Inkombank, (i)
Institute for Economies in Transition, (i)
Institute of Economic Forecasting, (i)
interest rates, (i), (ii)
International Monetary Fund (IMF), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii); after crash of 1998, (i); financing to Russia refused by, (i); flat tax opposed by, (i); Russian links to Cyprus probed by, (i); sanctions evaluated by, (i); Ukraine funding from, (i)
Internet companies, (i)
Internet Research Agency, (i)
Inter RAO, (i)
Intesa Sanpaolo, (i)
Investigative Committee, (i)
Iran, (i), (ii)
Iraq, (i)
Iraq War, (i), (ii)
Isle of Man, (i)
Itera (gas company), (i)
Ivanishvili, Bidzina, (i)
Ivanov, Sergei (father): election interference criticized by, (i); as presidential candidate, (i); in Putin’s circle, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); Russian values viewed by, (i); at Security Council, (i), (ii); state enterprises viewed by, (i)
Ivanov, Sergei (son), (i)
Ivanov, Viktor, (i)
Ivan the Terrible, (i), (ii)
J. P. Morgan, (i)
JP Morgan Cazenove, (i)
Japan, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Johnson, Simon, (i)
Judah, Ben, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Juncker, Jean-Claude, (i)
Kabaeva, Alina, (i)
Kadyrov, Ramzan, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Kalibaeva, Alina, (i)
Kamaz, (i)
Kaspersky Lab, (i)
Kasyanov, Mikhail, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Kazakhstan, (i), (ii), (iii); in EAEU, (i), (ii), (iii); raw materials exported by, (i); Russia’s prospective partnership with, (i); Ukrainian exports to, (i)
Kennedy, John F., (i)
Kerimov, Suleiman, (i)
KGB, (i), (ii), (iii); Putin’s links to, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x); reorganization of, (i), (ii)
Khodorovsky, Mikhail, (i), (ii), (iii); arrest and conviction of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv); election activities of, (i), (ii); Putin’s pardon of, (i)
Khristenko, Viktor, (i)
Khrushchev, Nikita, (i), (ii)
King, William, (i)
Kirienko, Sergei, (i), (ii)
Kirovles (timber firm), (i)
Klebnikov, Paul, (i)
Klein, Linda A., (i)
“know your customer” (KYC) rule, (i)
Kohl, Helmut, (i)
Kolakowski, Leszek, (i)
Kolbin, Petr, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Kolesnikov, Sergei, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v
), (vi)
Kolokoltsev, Vladimir, (i)
Kommersant, (i), (ii)
Kornai, János, (i)
Kovalchuk, Boris, (i)
Kovalchuk, Mikhail, (i), (ii)
Kovalchuk, Yuri, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii); Bank Rossiya controlled by, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); Petersburg Fuel scandal linked to, (i); in Putin’s circle, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii); television network controlled by, (i)
Kovykta gas field, (i)
Kozak, Dmitri, (i), (ii)
Krastev, Ivan, (i)
Kravchuk, Leonid, (i)
Krutikhin, Mikhail, (i)
Kryshtanovskaya, Olga, (i)
Kuchma, Leonid, (i)
Kudrin, Alexei, (i), (ii); as economic reformer, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix); as fiscal conservative, (i); sidelining of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); Western admiration for, (i)
Kukly (television program), (i)
Kulibayev, Timur, (i)
Kumarin, Vladimir, (i), (ii), (iii)
Kurchatov Institute, (i)
Kurlantzick, Joshua, (i)
Kushner, Jared, (i)
Kyrgyzstan, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
labor law, (i)
land ownership, (i), (ii)
Laqueur, Walter, (i)
Laruelle, Marlene, (i)
Latvia, (i), (ii)
Latynina, Yulia, (i)
Lavrov, Sergei, (i)
Lebedev, Platon, (i)
Lehman Brothers, (i)
Lenin, Vladimir, (i), (ii)
Lesin, Mikhail, (i)
Levada Center, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Li, Belinda, (i)
Libya, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Lider (financial management company), (i)
life expectancy, (i)
Life of a Slave on the Galleys, The (Nemtov and Martynyuk), (i)
limited liability companies (LLCs), (i), (ii)
Lincoln, Abraham, (i)
Lipset, Seymour Martin, (i)
liquefied natural gas, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
liquidity, (i), (ii)
Lithuania, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Litvinenko, Vladimir, (i), (ii), (iii)
Lloyd, John, (i)
Los Angeles, (i)
Lucas, Edward, (i), (ii)
Lukashenko, Alexander, (i), (ii)
Lukoil, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Luzhkov, Yuri, (i)
Mafia State (Harding), (i)
Magnitsky, Sergei, (i), (ii)
Malaysia, (i)
Malia, Martin, (i)
Malofeev, Konstantin, (i)
Malta, (i), (ii)
Manevich, Mikhail, (i)
Martynyuk, Leonid, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Master Bank, (i)
Matiuikhin, Georgy, (i)
Matvienko, Valentina, (i), (ii)
Mau, Vladimir, (i), (ii), (iii)
McFaul, Michael, (i), (ii), (iii)
Russia's Crony Capitalism Page 38