The Edge of Evolution

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The Edge of Evolution Page 35

by Michael J Behe


  malarial

  treatment of

  Fifth Miracle, The (Davies)

  finches

  alteration in beaks of

  studies of

  fish

  genomes of

  notothenioid

  fitness: definition of

  random mutation and

  survival and

  weakness vs.

  fluoroorotate

  FKBP (protein)

  flagellum

  complex pump of

  construction of

  filament cap of

  genes and

  intricacies of

  junction zone in

  proteins in

  flies

  fruit

  Fly, The

  food supplies

  fungi

  Galen

  Gates, Bill

  gazelles

  Gehring, Walter

  Geis, Irving

  gene regulatory networks (GRNs)

  genes: arbitrary features of

  broken, see pseudogenes class 3

  copying of

  Darwin’s unawareness of

  dead-end alleys of

  definition of

  deletion or alteration of

  DNA control of

  double copies of

  egg-polarity

  flagellum and

  gap

  inheritance of

  interplay of mutant and normal

  manipulation of

  molecular planning and

  mutant C

  mutation of

  operons groups in

  pair-rule

  random accidents in

  segmentation

  segment-polarity

  sequencing of

  shared features of

  studies of

  see also DNA; genomes; human

  genomegenetic disease: amino acid change and

  DNA testing for determination of

  underlying molecular changes in

  see also specific diseases

  genomes

  animal and plant

  duplication of

  first complete sequence of

  repetitive component of

  research in

  sequencing of

  variations in

  viral

  see also genes; human genome

  Georgia, University of

  Gerhart, John

  Gettysburg Address

  glucose

  glucose-6—phosphate dehydrogenase(G6PD)

  glutamine synthetase

  glutathione

  goats

  God

  Gould, Stephen J.

  gravity

  Gray, Asa

  G6PD (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase)

  Guthrie, Woody

  Haeckel, Ernst

  hair

  Hall, Barry

  Hanks, Tom

  Harvard University

  Harvey, William

  Hawking, Stephen

  HbC, see hemoglobin C

  HbE

  HbS

  heart

  bodily reversal of

  heme

  hemoglobin

  adult

  dilution of

  evolutionary changes in

  experiments with

  fetal

  four amino acid chains in

  HbC

  heme part of

  mutation in

  oxygen carried in

  parasitic ingestion of

  in red blood cells

  sequencing of

  shapes of

  sickle cell

  sticking and congealing of

  unfolding of

  see also amino acids; red blood cells hemoglobin C (HbC)

  malaria protection conferred by

  mutation of

  normal hemoglobin vs.

  hemoglobin C-Harlem

  hemoglobin E (HbE)

  Hemophilus influenzae

  hemozoin

  hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH)

  heredity

  biological basis of

  chromosome theory of

  see also common descent; DNA; genes Herrick, James

  heterozygote

  Hippocrates

  histidine

  HIV

  AIDS caused by

  drug-resistant strains of

  evolution and

  genetic resistance to

  immune system as target of

  rapid mutation rate of

  studies of

  HIV genome

  HIV protease

  homeobox

  Homo sapiens

  Hoover Dam

  Hox genes

  Hox proteins

  HPFH, see hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFC)

  Hubble, Edwin

  human genome

  action of natural selection on

  (human genome, cont’d)

  duplication in

  first complete sequence of

  malaria battle of

  nucleotides in

  primate genomes compared with

  human immunodeficiency virus, see HIV

  humanities

  human mind

  humanoids

  humans:

  biochemistry of

  evolutionary history of

  primates compared with

  reasoning by

  struggle with disease by

  huntingtin (protein)

  Huntington’s disease

  hurricanes

  Huxley, Thomas

  Iacocca Hall (Lehigh University)

  Ichneumonidae

  Idaho, University of

  IFT, see intraflagellar transport

  IFT particle

  Illinois, University of

  immune system

  inheritance of

  microscopic predators fought by

  Indonesia

  infertility

  insecticides

  insects

  see also specific insects

  intelligence

  intelligent design

  intestinal tract

  intraflagellar transport (IFT)

  definition of

  elegance and interdependency of

  functions of

  origin of

  invertebrates

  Jacob, François

  Japan Science and Technology Corporation

  jellyfish

  kangaroos

  Kauffman, Stuart

  kidneys

  kinesins

  kinesin-II

  Kirschner, Marc

  Kozminski, Keith

  lactose

  “Large Number Coincidences and the Anthropic Principle in Cosmology” (Carter)

  leeches

  Lenski, Richard

  leucine (L)

  Levine, Michael

  Lewis, Edward

  Lewontin, Richard

  life on earth

  development of

  elegance and intricacy of

  fine-tuned origin of

  genetic basis of

  molecular basis of

  several-billion-year history of

  light waves

  Lim, Wendell

  liver

  bodily reversal of

  lungs

  macaques

  Macnab, Robert

  magnets

  hemoglobin

  oxygen

  protein

  Mahidol University

  malaria

  in Africa

  cause of

  contagiousness and spread of

  disease of

  examples of Darwinian evolution in

  genetic effects of

  geographic regions of

  human battle against

  illness and death from

  increasing rates of

  initial

  mutations conferring some resist
ance to

  North American eradication of

  parasitic invasion in

  protein production and

  red blood cell as primary target of

  research in

  resistance to drugs evolved in

  treatment of

  warm temperature necessary for

  see also Plasmodium falciparum

  Malpighi, Marcello

  mammals

  evolution of

  marsupial

  placental

  species of

  marriage

  intervillage

  Mars

  marsupials

  materialism

  mathematical probabilities

  Matrix, The,

  Maxwell, James Clerk

  Mayr, Ernst

  Medical Research Council

  medicine:

  advances in

  applying Darwinism to

  four “humors” theory of

  lack of access to

  medieval

  Mediterranean Sea

  Melanesia

  Melville, Herman

  membranes

  cell

  structure and function of

  M-H (malaria-HIV) experiment

  mice

  Michelson, Albert

  Michigan State University

  microbes

  microscopes

  microscopic creatures

  Middle East

  Miller, Kenneth

  miscarriages

  Mitochondrial Eve

  Moby Dick

  (Melville)

  modularity

  molecular disease

  molecules

  aberrant

  as basis of life

  “micro” vs. “macro”

  mutation in

  oily

  random motions of

  reactive

  similarities of

  monkeys

  experiments with

  Monod, Jacques

  moon

  Morgan, Thomas Hunt

  Morley, Edward

  mosquitoes

  bites of

  eradication efforts against

  malaria parasite carried by

  species of

  motor proteins

  dynein

  kinesin

  Mount Everest

  mousetraps

  multiverse

  muscles

  mutation:

  clusters of

  constructive vs. destructive

  deletion

  double

  double point

  homeotic

  insertion

  inversion

  irrelevant

  lottery metaphor and

  nonrandom

  occurrence and frequency of

  point

  rates and generation span of

  side effects of

  strength, speed, and hardiness conveyed in

  “stuttering”

  substitution

  sustaining of

  types of

  see also random mutation; random

  mutation/natural selection; specific mutations

  myoglobin

  nanobots

  National Academy of Sciences

  National Institutes of Health

  natural enemies

  natural genetic engineering theory

  natural selection

  common descent vs.

  definition of

  examples of

  organisms impacted by

  sickle cell disease demonstrated by

  survival of the fittest in

  variations available in

  see also random mutation/natural selection

  nature:

  cures provided in

  role of chance in

  Nature

  Nature’s Destiny (Denton)

  neo-Darwinian synthesis

  Newton, Isaac

  Nirenberg, Marshall

  Nobel Prize

  Noel, Walter Clement

  “Notes towards the Complete Works of Shakespeare”

  notothenioids

  nuclear weapons

  nucleic acids

  nucleotides

  addition and deletion of

  changes in

  copying of

  segments of

  sequences of

  substitution of

  Nüsslein-Volhard, Christiane

  octopus reproduction

  operons

  organisms:

  carbon base of

  ceaseless pressure of natural selection on

  common descent of

  hidden changes in DNA of

  living and dying of

  multicellular

  obscure reasons for modification of

  single-celled

  study of

  variation in

  Origin of Species, The (Darwin)

  Orr, H. Allen

  Oxford University

  oxygen

  bodily progress of

  escape of

  hemoglobin delivery of

  lack of

  prenatal delivery of

  proteins as magnets for

  reactive molecules of

  storage of

  parasites

  competition of hosts and

  damage and destruction of

  digestive vacuoles of

  hemoglobin ingested by

  malarial

  species of

  studies of

  survival and reproduction of

  parasitic diseases

  see also malaria

  paternity cases

  Pauling, Linus

  penicillin

  Pennsylvania, University of

  peppered moths

  Perelson, Alan

  PfCRT, see Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance traits phlegm

  phyla

  physics

  planets

  plants

  complex cells of

  genomes of

  medicinal qualities of

  observing large changes in

  Plasmodium falciparum (malaria species)

  decline of

  resistant trait of

  treatment of

  Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine

  resistance traits (PfCRT)

  Plasmodium vivax malarial parasite

  Plausibility of Life, The: Resolving Darwin’s Dilemma (Kirschner and Gerhart)

  Pollock, Jackson

  polycystic kidney disease

  polymerase

  population sizes

  Powerball lottery

  predators

  immune system defense against

  microscopic

  Prey (Crichton)

  primates

  humans compared with

  see also specific primate species

  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,

  prokaryote

  proteins

  aggregation of

  antenna

  antifreeze

  bicoid

  “boss”

  building blocks of

  cellular

  (proteins, cont’d)

  “checkpoint”

  control

  diminishment or destruction of

  DNA and

  domain swapping of

  fitting and binding of

  flagellum and

  folded shape of

  functions of

  helper

  homeotic

  hydrophobic

  interactions of

  “just-in-time” organization of

  multidomain

  mutation of

  as oxygen magnets

  PfCRT

  polycystin-1

  polycystin-2

  production of

  repressor

  scaffold

  self-assembling of

  sequ
encing of

  stacks of

  structure of

  “subboss”

  types of

  see also amino acids; specific proteins

  “Protonic NanoMachine Project”

  pseudogenes

  psychology, Darwinian

  public health

  purines

  pyrimethamine

  pyrimidines

  quantum mechanics

  quinine

  random mutation

  common descent vs.

  desperate measures of

  dilemma of

  exploring possibilities of

  fitness and

  incessant repetition of

  incoherence of

  insupportability of

  likelihood of events by

  limits of

  poor evidence for pivotal role of

  protein-binding sites generated by

  rare beneficial change produced by

  studies of

  random mutation/natural selection

  analysis of

  automatic acceptance of

  compounding of

  differences explained by

  fitness and

  ineffectiveness of

  lack of biological proof for

  life modified by

  modern laboratory studies of

  molecular level evaluation of

  overselling of

  sickle cell disease as example of

  rape

  Rare Earth: Why Complex Life is Uncommon in the Universe (Ward and Brownlee)

  Ras

  rats

  Reader’s Digest,

  red blood cells

  changes in

  crescent and sickle shapes of

  destruction of

  hemoglobin supplied to

  infection of

  loss of protein in

  malaria and

  normal “Lifesaver” or “doughnut” shape of

  proteins clinging to outside of

  proteins in

  routine tasks of

  Red Queen effect

  reductionism

  relativity theory

  reproduction:

  inherited features and

  parasitic

  rates of

  “Requiem for Chloroquine, A”

  respiratory system

  rhodopsin

  ribose

  ribosomes

  rice

  RNA

  building blocks of

  Rochester, University of

  Roman Catholic Church

  rugged fitness landscapes

  Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker’s yeast)

  Sagan, Carl

  salt

  Schleiden, Matthias

  Schwann, Theodor

  science

  advances of

  discrimination among ideas in

  dogma vs. data and

  experiments in

  modern

  nineteenth-century

  see also specific scientific disciplines

  Science

  Science and Creationism,

  science fiction

  scientific notation

  scientism

  self-organization theory

  serine (S)

  Shakespeare, William

  shape space

  Shapiro, James

  sickle cell disease

  African descent victims of

  anemia in

  pain and early death in

  persistence and spread of

  random mutation/natural selection exemplified by

  research in

  sickle trait version of

  symptoms of

  two copies of sickle cell gene required for inheritance of

  sickle cell genes

  first instance of, see Sickle Eve

  inheritance of

  malaria resistance conferred by

 

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