Thomas Cromwell

  Inns of Court, 160, 166, 489–90; see also London: Gray’s Inn; Inner Temple; Lincoln’s Inn; Middle Temple

  inquisitions, religious, 72

  Institution of a Christian Man; see Bishops’ Book

  Ipswich, 14, 75, 82, 101, 111–12, 173, 233, 463–7

  Bishop of: see Manning

  Blackfriars, 112, 466–7

  Cardinal College, Plate 10; Ch. 3, 75–7, 79–80, 83, 85–6, 92, 101–2, 111–13, 122, 125, 128, 152, 156, 202, 210, 295–6, 457, 464–5, 488, 509

  Greyfriars, 456–8

  Holy Trinity Priory, 466

  St Peter’s Priory, 75, 112, 458, 488

  School, 467

  Shrine of Our Lady, 75–6, 83, 112, 419–20, 457–8, 464; see also Wentworth

  Whitefriars, 457

  Ireland: Lordship, then Kingdom of, 11, 31, 48, 179, 209, 258–9, 269, 496–7, 525, 534, 537

  Church in, 256, 270, 480–82, 500, 521–2, 546

  and Cromwell, 16–17, 153–5, 544–6

  monastic dissolutions in, 74, 330, 482

  Parliament, 11, 182, 328–30, 544–6, 548

  Privy Council, 155

  papalism in, 256–7

  rebellion in, 254–8, 260, 328–30, 376, 379, 482, 517–18, 521

  reform programme in, 155, 328–31, 404–7, 480–82, 513, 544–6

  and Royal Supremacy, 330–31

  and Wolsey, 73–4

  Islip, John, Abbot of Westminster, 489, 623

  Israel, Kings: see David

  Italy, 27, 48, 86, 106, 366, 543, 687

  Cromwell and, 22–4, 28–30, 40–44, 57–8, 71–2, 106–7, 111, 133, 210, 238, 351, 407–9

  Ives, Eric W., 113–14, 303

  James V, King of Scots, 446

  James VI and I, King of Scots and of England and Ireland, 229n, 357

  Jane Grey, Queen of England, 49, 370, 542, 676

  Jane Seymour, Queen of England, Plate 19; 107, 303, 311, 313, 316, 332, 335, 338, 342, 350, 369, 379, 514, 529

  marriage, 345, 351, 359

  pregnancy and death, 346, 413, 416, 422, 434–6, 438, 443, 471

  Jennings (Jenny), Nicholas, 690

  Jerome, William, 375–6, 401, 516, 532–3

  Jervaulx Abbey, 194, 434

  Jesus Christ, 109, 222, 428, 475, 477; see also God; unitarianism

  Johann, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg, 494

  Johann Friedrich, Elector, of Saxony, 135–6, 411, 446–7, 475, 495, 499, 508

  John the Baptist, 418–19

  John, King of England, 420, 528

  Johnson family, 540

  Joseph, St, 222

  jousting, 141, 178, 311, 384, 521

  Joye, George, 71, 139, 285, 445

  Judaism, 414

  Judd, John, 173–4

  Jülich-Cleves-Berg, 487, 508, 513–14; see also Anne of Cleves; Johann; Wilhelm, Dukes of

  justices of the peace, 175–6, 183, 274, 326–7, 372, 437, 441, 452, 471, 479, 483, 486, 544, 546–7, 549

  justification, doctrines of, 291, 347, 361, 455; see also free will

  Kalendar, 229n; see also holy days; saints

  Karlstadt, Andreas Bodenstein von, 368

  Katherine of Aragon, Queen of England, Plate 18; 13, Chs. 4–9, 91, 131–2, 147, 191, 216–17, 221, 227, 236, 249, 252–3, 256, 303, 312, 345, 382, 384, 396

  appeal to Rome, 84, 214

  support for, 107, 115, 121, 144, 150, 163–4, 226, 229–30, 234; see also Barton, Elizabeth

  abandoned by Henry VIII, 142, 150–51

  Princess Dowager, 216, 218, 240–41, 245

  death, 310–11, 351

  and Cromwell, 27, 115, 226, 313

  Katherine Howard, Queen of England, Plate 21; 495, 519, 529

  Katherine Parr, Queen of England, 540–41, 677

  Kendall, Thomas, 381, 396

  Kenninghall, 359, 396

  Kent, 16, 48, 175–6, 233, 235, 237, 274, 335, 338, 369–71, 437, 449, 464, 476, 485–6, 492, 496, 608

  Kew, 424

  Key, Thomas, 501

  Kidderminster, Richard, Abbot of Winchcombe, 63, 298, 489

  Kildare, Earls of: see Fitzgerald

  Kilkenny, 154

  Kimbolton, 311

  King’s Bench, Court of, 30, 523

  King’s Book (Necessary Doctrine), 413

  King’s Langley Priory, 62, 455, 463; see also Ingworth

  Kingsmill, John, 497–8, 500

  Kingston, William, 299, 507

  Kingston upon Thames, 91, 184

  Kingswood Abbey, 299

  Kirk Hallam, 147–8

  Kirkby Lonsdale, 379

  Kirkstead Abbey, 395–6, 434

  Kite, John, Bishop of Carlisle, 239, 375, 386

  Knight, Thomas, 280

  Knight, William, Bishop of Bath and Wells, 43, 61, 389

  knighthood, distraint of, 169, 224–5

  Knole Palace, 332

  Knyvett, Charles, 45

  Knyvett, Edmund, 497

  Konstanz, 367

  Kratzer, Nikolaus, 290–91

  Lambert, François, 71

  Lambert alias Nicholson, John, 475–7, 495, 499

  Lambeth and Palace, 46, 158, 161, 167, 220–21, 235, 249, 338, 369, 448–51, 464, 495, 504–5, 512

  Lamplugh, John, 389

  Lancashire, 378

  Lancaster, Court of Duchy of, 101, 322

  Lascelles, John, 478

  Last Days: see apocalypticism

  Lateran Council (1215), 362

  Latimer, Hugh, 72–3, 116, 214, 299, 304, 314, 384, 391, 400, 410, 412, 469, 475, 490, 516

  accused of heresy, 161, 235, 476

  and Six Articles, 500–501, 506–7, 517

  preaching, 129, 289, 332, 346, 394–5, 460–61

  Latimer, William, 331–2

  Launde Priory, Plate 28; 64, 538–40, 550

  Laurence, John, 230

  Laurence, William, 112, 457–8, 464

  Lawney, Thomas, 66

  Lawson, George, 93, 171, 178, 388, 390, 523

  Layburn, James, 372–3

  Ledesdale, John: see Hidden

  Lee, Edward, Archbishop of York, 104, 223–4, 227–8, 238–9, 242, 250, 251–2, 264, 273, 375, 381, 390, 411, 417, 533

  Lee, John, 389

  Lee, Roland, Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield, 47, 75–6, 96, 186, 195–9, 209, 212–14, 220, 229, 252, 281, 295–6, 380, 389, 391, 458

  and Gregory Cromwell, 195, 203–4, 209, 213, 252–4, 431

  President of the Council in the Marches of Wales, 252, 264, 326-8, 375, 385, 423–4, 451, 527, 644

  Lee, Thomas, 29, 221, 261, 276, 296–7, 302, 305–6, 309–10, 341, 372, 384, 388–9, 391, 418

  Leeds Castle and Priory, Plate 30; 60–61, 326n, 369, 484–6, 514, 534

  legates, papal: see Campeggio; Canterbury, Archbishops; Pole; Wolsey

  Legbourne Nunnery, 382, 386

  Leicester, 44, 126, 187, 417–18, 466

  Leicestershire, 48, 187, 255–6

  Leighton, Richard, 269, 296–7, 299–300, 302, 305–6, 309–10, 341, 388–9, 391, 401, 431, 471, 509

  Leland, John, 38, 222, 227, 417

  Lenham, 369

  Leo X, Pope, 32, 42–3, 55, 506

  Lesnes Abbey, 61, 183–4

  Leuven: see Louvain

  Lewes Priory, Plate 29; 368, 431–5, 438–41, 453, 474, 483–5

  liberties, ecclesiastical, 187, 318, 326, 437

  libri pacis, 176

  Lichfield Cathedral, 252

  Limerick, 376, 522

  Lincoln

  Bishops of 541; see also Longland; Smyth

  Cathedral, 433

 
Lincolnshire, 378, 381, 430–31, 490

  Rising (1536), 179, 372–87, 391–2, 401–2; see also Pilgrimage of Grace

  Lindley, Phillip, 59

  Lisle, Viscount: see Plantagenet

  Littleprow, Reynold, 59, 93, 104, 161

  liturgy, 295–6, 418; see also baptism; Book of Common Prayer; confirmation; eucharist; marriage

  Llandaff, Bishops of: see Athequa, George de; Holgate, Robert

  Llandderfel, Plate 42; 459–60

  Llanishen, 38

  Lock, William, 27, 138

  Lockwood, Henry, 203–4

  Lollards and Lollardy, 67–70, 72, 138, 148–9, 160, 163, 190, 283, 373–4, 389, 461, 543, 617

  Lombard, Peter, 307

  London, 29–31, 70, 79, 87, 105, 197, 209–10, 221–3, 235, 244, 256, 272, 287, 339–40, 358, 363, 385–6, 394–6, 409, 411, 417, 426, 448, 452, 461, 463–4, 475–6, 503, 513, 540, 544

  Austin Friars, 35–6, 39–44, 46, 62, 68–9, 88, 133, 139, 141, 143, 151–3, 165–6, 170–71, 218, 220, 272, 448, 464, 516–17, 523, 525–6, 532, 534–5; Priors: see Browne, Hammond

  Bishops of: see also Bonner; Stokesley; Tunstall

  Blackfriars (Dominican Friary), 84–7, 108, 134, 137, 359, 456, 467–8

  Bridge, 247, 239

  Charterhouse, 249–50, 253, 280–84, 289, 298, 305, 319, 346, 407, 409–10, 459, 467, 629

  Cheapside, 272

  Christ Church Priory Aldgate, 158n, 196–7, 308, 435, 622

  Crosby Hall, 42

  Crutched Friars, 202–3

  diocese, 263

  and evangelicalism, 27

  Fleet Prison, 68–9

  Gray’s Inn, 54, 159–60, 272, 387, 390

  Greyfriars (Franciscan Friary), 455, 459, 492

  Inner Temple, 155, 325

  Lord Mayors, 533, 595

  Mercers’ Company and Chapel, 94, 466

  Merchant Taylors’ Gild, 26–7

  Newgate Prison, 409–10, 459

  Paul’s Cross, 236, 240, 394, 453, 459–60, 523

  Queen’s Head Tavern, 166, 240

  The Rolls, 271–2, 280, 320, 355, 393, 395–6, 439, 477, 681

  St Bartholomew’s Priory, 194, 467

  St Gabriel Fenchurch, 30–31

  St Katherine Cree, 197, 202

  St Margaret Pattens, 460

  St Paul’s Cathedral, 111, 145, 263–4, 310–11, 361, 433, 461, 483, 499, 645; Deans: see Colet; May; Sampson

  St Peter-le-Poer, 40–41

  St Sepulchre’s Holborn, 204

  Smithfield, 288, 401, 459–60, 477

  Somerset House, 424

  Stranger Church, 41

  Tower of London, 2, 87, 170, 180–81, 205, 207–8, 221, 242, 244, 249–51, 256, 259, 279–81, 337–9, 357, 369, 386, 404, 407, 424, 435–6, 439, 445, 475, 478, 480, 505, 516–17, 522, 525, 529–32, 534

  Tyburn, 247

  London, John, 65, 67, 81, 187–8, 275, 295–6, 418, 462–3

  Longford, Ralph, 198–9

  Longland, John, Bishop of Lincoln, 65, 67, 264, 275, 382–4, 411, 666

  Lord Chancellor: see Audley; Gardiner; Goodricke; More; Rich; Wolsey

  Lord’s Prayer, 362, 413, 481

  Lords, House of, 95–7, 146, 215–16, 239–40, 353, 472, 496, 502–4, 517, 519; see also Parliament

  Louth, 378, 381–5, 396

  Louth Park Abbey, 383

  Louvain (Leuven), 81–2

  Low Countries, 24–7, 115, 119–20, 138–9, 156, 212–13, 230, 263, 280, 285, 287, 408, 433

  Lübeck, 262–3, 288

  Lucca, 41, 57

  Ludlow, 253–4, 626

  Luther, Martin, Plate 45; 68, 71, 120–21, 189, 206, 227, 362, 365, 383, 413, 454–5, 507, 533

  and annulment of Aragon marriage, 116, 136

  and eucharist, 364

  and images, 414

  and indulgences, 31–2

  Lutheranism, 71, 120–21, 176–7, 262–3, 291, 347, 364, 368, 477, 532–3, 542; see also Augsburg Confession; evangelicalism; Schmalkaldic League

  Lyon, 209

  McDowell (Maydewell), John, 283

  Machiavelli, Niccolò, 28, 72, 86, 485

  Maid of Kent: see Barton, Elizabeth

  Malmesbury Abbey, 115

  Malton and Priory, 373, 463

  Malvern, Great, Abbey, 490

  Man, Isle of, 239n

  Manners, Henry, 2nd Earl of Rutland, 196

  Manning, Thomas, Prior of Butley, Bishop of Ipswich, 80

  Mantel, Hilary, 1, 3, 15, 174–5

  Mantua, 359, 412, 459

  Margate, 369

  Marham Priory, 308

  Marillac, Charles de, 513, 517, 521–3, 525–7, 533, 537

  Marler, Anthony, 535–6

  Marlow, Little, Nunnery, 70, 471

  Marot, Clément, 366

  marriage and marriages, 270, 349, 413, 465, 532

  of clergy, 499–500, 546

  see also bigamy; celibacy

  Marrick Nunnery, 309–10, 490

  Marseille, 238, 277

  Marshall, Thomas I, Abbot of Colchester, 509–10

  Marshall, Thomas II and III, 367

  Marshall, William, 283, 367, 399, 413

  martyrdom, 283–5, 288–9: see also persecution

  Mary, mother of God, 351

  Mary I, Princess of Wales, Queen of England, 116, 151, 171, 192, 226, 229–30, 234, 249, 253, 258, 310, 316, 368–9, 396, 436–7, 443, 471, 473, 542

  legitimacy and succession, 218, 345–6, 349–52, 357–8

  support for, 304, 349

  capitulation to father, 349–52

  marriage proposals, 352, 444, 473, 513, 526, 551

  as Queen, 142, 157, 279, 287, 299n, 367–8, 370, 411, 466, 512, 529, 676–7

  and Cromwell, 36n, 115, 199, 224–5, 292–3, 311–13, 335, 342, 349–52, 440–41

  assessment and character, 350

  Mary Tudor, Queen of France, 178–9, 311, 384

  mass: see eucharist

  Master, Thomas, 56, 100–101, 120, 450

  masturbation, 305–6

  Matthys, Jan, 287

  Maunsell, William, 343, 391, 678

  May, William, 462

  Mayler, John, 507

  Meath, 545–6

  Medici, Cardinal Giulio de’, 42

  Medici, Piero de’, 23, 32; see also Leo X

  Medley, George, 309n

  Megges, Thomas, 19–20

  Melanchthon, Philipp, 71, 289–91, 306, 313, 363, 445–8, 461, 495

  Melton, Nicholas, 382

  Mendoza, Diego de, 448–9

  Merriman, Roger Bigelow, 72

  Meverell family, 17

  Michaelmas, 302, 378

  Michelham Priory, 432, 441

  Middelburg, 25

  Middlemore, Humphrey, 250, 282

  Middlesex, 176, 274, 335, 437

  Midlands, 186–7, 198, 257, 294, 296, 387, 458, 473, 541, 548; see also Leicestershire; Northamptonshire; Nottinghamshire; Shropshire; Staffordshire; Worcestershire

  Milan, Christina, Duchess of, 448–9, 494

  Milsent, John, 383–4, 386, 439–40, 458

  Minterne, Thomas, 81, 181

  mints, royal, 170; see also coinage

  Missenden, Jane, Prioress of Legbourne, 383

  monasteries, 13, 202, 226–7, 241, 268, 273, 294–302, 415, 419, 499, 509–12

  dissolutions, Ch. 3, 75–6, 80, 83, 87, 95–8, 106, 109–10, 183, 188, 193–204, 295, 299, 307–10, 319–22, 330, 345–6, 353, Ch. 16, 423–4, 430–35, 439–42, 459, 482, 488–92, 501–2, 509–12, 517–18, 532

  mitred abbots, 239, 471–2, 509, 517

  reform in, 63–4, 73,
187, 282–3, 299–302, 319, 332, 335, 346, 400, 488–92, 510

  see also alien priories; comperta; Suppression, Acts of; visitations

  monks, 270, 289–90, 307, 319, 399, 411, 447, 454; see also Benedictines; Cistercians; Cluniacs; Gilbertines; Premonstratensians; Trinitarians

  Mont (Mundt), Christoff, 142–3, 260, 446, 494–5

  Montacute Priory, 194

  Montague, Lord: see Browne; Pole, Henry

  Montague Conspiracy: see Exeter Conspiracy

  Monteagle, Lord: see Stanley

  Montmorency, Anne, duc de, 444, 492, 525

  Montmorency, François de, sieur de la Rochepot, 492–3

  Mordaunt, John, 1st Baron Mordaunt of Turvey, 165

  More, The, 62, 230, 615

  More, Roger, 88, 603, 607–8

  More, Thomas, 42, 137, 166, 243, 283, 409, 445, 449, 509, 603

  and annulment of Aragon marriage, 116, 144, 150, 177

  Lord Chancellor, 97–8, 142, 168

  resigns office, 165, 176–7, 214

  and Elizabeth Barton, 234, 236

  in Tower, 249, 259, 267, 278

  trial and death, Plate 39; 279–81, 284–6, 289–90, 297, 350, 359, 468, 473, 487

  and Cromwell, 248–50, 279–80

  and heresy, 160–63, 176–7, 242–5

  literary patronage, 188, 244–5

  and Parliament, 53, 159n

  portrait, 174–5

  writings, 140, 188, 190, 241–2, 246

  Morice, Ralph, 34, 73, 105, 120, 504–5, 586

  Morison, Richard, 28, 35, 82, 313, 361–2, 407, 450–51, 478, 496, 514, 518, 699

  Morley, Lord: see Parker

  Morone, Cardinal Giovanni, 72

  Morris (Mores), John, 93

  Mortlake, 9, 14–15, 356, 386, 393–4, 425–7, 439, 449, 520, 696

  Mountjoy Priory, 96

  Mountjoy, Lord: see Blount

  Moyle, Thomas, 405

  Muchelney Priory, 194

  Munslow, Richard, Abbot of Winchcombe, 510

  Münster, 286–8

  music, church, 364

  musters, military, 503, 526

  Myconius, Friedrich, 447–8

  mystics: see Barton, Elizabeth; Wentworth, ?Ann

  Nelson, Horatio, 1st Viscount Nelson, 111

  Netherlands: see Low Countries

  Nettlestead, 456

  Neville, Edward, 485

  Neville, George, 5th Baron Abergavenny/Bergavenny, 165

  ‘New Learning’: see evangelicalism

  New Testament, 34–5, 69, 152, 297, 416; see also Bible

  New Year’s gifts, 141, 156, 168, 511

  New York, Frick Collection, 174–5

  Newark-on-Trent, 387

  Newcastle upon Tyne, 373, 381

  Newdigate, Sebastian, 282