Arnhem
Page 126
162. See ibid., p.316
163. See WO 171/393 1st Airborne Division HQ War Diary, entries for 15:45, 17:10 & 18:25, 20/09/1944
164. See Kershaw, p.217; and Zwarts, pp.23, 56-57. For Munford’s final transmission see Golden, Echoes From Arnhem, p.154; the source is cited as the 1st Airlanding Light Regiment RA War Diary, but there is no record of the signal in the copy of the War Diary seen by the present author
165. See The Pegasus Archive, Battle of Arnhem Archive, Biographies Section ‘Bombardier J. Leo Hall’, at http://www.pegasusarchive.org/arnhem/Leo_Hall.htm, accessed 31/12/2013
166. See Golden, pp.154-155; and The Pegasus Archive, Battle of Arnhem Archive, Biographies Section ‘Major James Anthony Hibbert’ at www.pegasusarchive.org/arnhem/tony_hibbert.htm, accessed 01/01/2014; the former refers to the contact with 30 Corps occurring in the morning of Tuesday 19 September, but Major Hibbert’s account strongly suggests it took place a day later. For the unidentified set see Sims, Arnhem Spearhead, pp.82-83
167. See Kershaw, p.215
168. See Sims, p.85
169. Quoted from The Pegasus Archive, Battle of Arnhem Archive, Biographies Section ‘Major James Anthony Hibbert’ at www.pegasusarchive.org/arnhem/tony_hibbert.htm, accessed 01/01/2014
170. Testimony from Gunner Dennis Bowles, HQ Group, 3 Airlanding Light Battery, 1st Airlanding Light Regiment RA; cited in Middlebrook, p.316
171. See extracts from Major Hibbert’s personal diary cited at The Pegasus Archive, Battle of Arnhem Archive, Biographies Section ‘Major James Anthony Hibbert’ at www.pegasusarchive.org/arnhem/tony_hibbert.htm, accessed 01/01/201
172. Transmission quoted in Golden, p.154; see also caveat regarding cited source above
173. Quoted from The Pegasus Archive, Battle of Arnhem Archive, Biographies Section ‘Bombardier J. Leo Hall’, at http://www.pegasusarchive.org/arnhem/Leo_Hall.htm, accessed 01/01/2014
174. See Middlebrook, p.317
175. See Sims, pp.83-84
176. See Frost, p.230; and Ryan, p.427; for 20:00 timing see at The Pegasus Archive, Battle of Arnhem Archive, Biographies Section ‘Major James Anthony Hibbert’ at www.pegasusarchive.org/arnhem/tony_hibbert.htm, accessed 02/01/2014
177. Quoted from Sims, pp.84-85
178. See Frost, p.231
179. Quoted from Sims, p.85
180. Quoted from ibid., p.85
181. See Frost, pp.231-233
182. See Kershaw, pp.217-218
183. See The Pegasus Archive, Battle of Arnhem Archive, Biographies Section ‘Major Charles Frederick Howard Gough’ at www.pegasusarchive.org/arnhem/freddie_gough.htm, accessed 04/01/2014
184. See Frost, p.231
185. See Sims, p.86; and The Pegasus Archive, Battle of Arnhem Archive, Biographies Section ‘Major James Anthony Hibbert’ at www.pegasusarchive.org/arnhem/tony_hibbert.htm, accessed 05/01/2014
186. See Sims, p.86
187. See Kershaw, p.216
188. Testimony from Captain Francis Hoyer-Millar, Second-in-Command, B Company, 2nd Parachute Battalion; cited in Middlebrook, pp.318-319
189. Quoted from The Pegasus Archive, Battle of Arnhem Archive, Biographies Section ‘Major James Anthony Hibbert’ at www.pegasusarchive.org/arnhem/tony_hibbert.htm, accessed 05/01/2014
190. See Frost, p.230
191. See The Pegasus Archive, Battle of Arnhem Archive, Biographies Section ‘Major James Anthony Hibbert’ at www.pegasusarchive.org/arnhem/tony_hibbert.htm, accessed 06/01/2014
192. Testimony from Corporal Dennis Freebury, 1st Parachute Brigade HQ; cited in Middlebrook, p.318
193. See Frost, pp.231, 233; and Sims, pp.86-87
194. Testimony from Captain Francis Hoyer-Millar, Second-in-Command, B Company, 2nd Parachute Battalion; cited in Middlebrook, pp.319-32
195. See Ryan, pp.429-430
196. See Middlebrook, p.320; and Ryan, p.429
197. Testimony from Lieutenant Thomas Ainslie, Administration Officer, HQ Company, 2nd Parachute Battalion; cited in Middlebrook, pp.320-321. Major Francis Raymond Tate is interred in Arnhem Oosterbeek War Cemetery, Gelderland, Holland, Plot 20, Row C, Grave 13
198. Quoted from Ryan, p.430
199. See Middlebrook, p.319; and The Pegasus Archive, Battle of Arnhem Archive, Biographies Section ‘Major James Anthony Hibbert’ at www.pegasusarchive.org/arnhem/tony_hibbert.htm, accessed 09/01/2014
200. Figures cited in Middlebrook, pp.287-288, 321
201. See Sims, pp.88-89
202. See Kershaw, p.221
203. See Frost, p.233; and Ryan, p.430
204. Quoted from WO 171/1237 2nd Parachute Battalion War Diary, ‘Account of the 2nd Battalion’s Operations at Arnhem 17th September 1944 by Major Tatham Warter, Officer Commanding 2nd Parachute Regiment [sic]’
Chapter 15
1. See WO 171/1235 2 Wing Glider Pilot Regiment War Diary, entry for 03:30, 21/09/1944
2. See WO 171/1236 1st Parachute Battalion War Diary, entry for 20:30, 20/09/1944; and WO 171/1238 3rd Parachute Battalion War Diary, entry for ‘Night Sept 20/21’, 20/09/1944
3. See Urquhart, Arnhem, p.114
4. See WO 171/1513 9th (Airborne) Field Company RE War Diary, entry for ‘Approximately 09:00’, 21/09/1944; Sapper Gilbert Robert James Gwilliam is interred in Arnhem Oosterbeek War Cemetery, Gelderland, Holland, Plot 18, Row B, Grave 19
5. See The Pegasus Archive, Battle of Arnhem Archive, Biographies Section ‘Lieutenant Leo Jack Heaps’ at http://www.pegasusarchive.org/arnhem/leo_heaps.htm accessed 16/01/2014; WO 171/393 1st Airborne Division HQ War Diary, entry for 03:40, 21/09/1944; and WO 171/589 1st Airlanding Brigade War Diary, Appendix A, entry for 03:50, 21/09/1944
6. See WO 171/589 1st Airlanding Brigade War Diary, Appendix A, entry for 05:45, 21/09/1944; there is no reference to the order or to any patrols being despatched in the 11th Parachute Battalion War Diary
7. See WO 171/1511 4th Parachute Squadron RE War Diary, Appendix I, entry for 23:30, 20/09/1944
8. See WO 171/1323 7th Battalion King’s Own Scottish Borderers War Diary, entries for 00:01 to 04:30 & 04:30, 21/09/1944
9. See Kershaw, It Never Snows in September, p.238
10. Testimony from Hauptsturmführer Hans Möller, commander SS Panzer Pionier Abteilung 9, 9 SS Panzer Division; cited in ibid., pp.237-238
11. For details of the Möbelwagen deployments see Zwarts, German Armoured Units at Arnhem, p.15
12. See Kershaw, pp.235, 238; there may also have been other German units and vehicles involved, but those cited are verifiable from the sources available.
13. Worrowski is sometimes rendered Wossowski
14. See Kershaw, pp.233-235
15. See WO 166/15077 1st Battalion The Border Regiment War Diary, entry for 21/09/1944; and Green, 1st Battalion The Border Regiment, p.45
16. See WO 171/1513 9th (Airborne) Field Company RE War Diary, entry for 06:00, 21/09/1944; and WO 166/14933 1st Airlanding Light Regiment RA War Diary, entry for 06:00, 21/09/1944
17. See WO 171/393 1st Airborne Division HQ War Diary, entry for 06:50, 21/09/1944; WO 171/397 1 Airborne Division HQ Royal Engineers War Diary, entry for 06:50, 21/09/1944
18. See WO 171/400 1 Airborne Division RASC Airborne Element War Diary, entry for 07:00, 21/09/1944; and WO 171/1232 B Squadron Glider Pilot Regiment War Diary, entry for 21/09/1944. Sergeants Dennis Andrews and Denis Bernard Frank Raggett are interred in Arnhem Oosterbeek War Cemetery, Gelderland, Holland in Plot 31, Row A, Grave 10 and Plot 31, Row A, Grave 9 respectively
19. See WO 171/1247 156 Parachute Battalion War Diary, entry for 07:00, 21/09/1944; and WO 171/1236 1st Parachute Battalion War Diary, entry for 07:30, 21/09/1944
20. See WO 171/589 1st Airlanding Brigade War Diary, Appendix A, entry for 10:00, 21/09/1944; and WO 171/393 1st Airborne Division HQ War Diary, entry for 10:05, 21/09/1944
21. See WO 171/393 1st Airborne Division HQ War Diary, entry for 09:00, 21/09/1944; Urquhart, pp.120-121; and WO 171/589 1st Airlanding Brigade War Diary, A
ppendix A, entry for 07:30, 21/09/1944
22. See WO 171/1234 1 Wing Glider Pilot Regiment War Diary, entry for 08:00, 21/09/1944
23. For Hexenkessel label see Kershaw, p.239; figures cited in Middlebrook, Arnhem, p.339; Urquhart also refers to the perimeter containing ‘some three thousand men’; see Urquhart, p.121
24. Quoted from Otway, Airborne Forces, p.262
25. For contacts with Moor Park see WO 171/393 1st Airborne Division HQ War Diary, entry for 15:05, 20/09/1944; for criticism of Urquhart see for example Middlebrook, p.340; and Christopher Hibbert, Arnhem, p.140
26. For presence of Lt. Edwards’ 17 Platoon see WO 171/589 1st Airlanding Brigade HQ War Diary, entry for 09:00, 21/09/1944
27. See WO 171/1232 B Squadron Glider Pilot Regiment War Diary, entry for 20/09/1944; and Urquhart, p.121
28. See WO 171/393 1st Airborne Division HQ War Diary, entry for 09:00, 21/09/1944
29. Numbers cited with caveat regarding accuracy in WO 171/594 4th Parachute Brigade War Diary, Appendix C, entry for 21/09/1944
30. See WO 171/393 1st Airborne Division HQ War Diary, entry for 09:00, 21/09/1944; WO 171/594 4th Parachute Brigade War Diary, Appendix C, entry for 21/09/1944; and WO 166/14933 1st Airlanding Light Regiment RA War Diary, entry for 16:00, 21/09/1944. Major David John Madden is interred in Arnhem Oosterbeek War Cemetery, Gelderland, Holland in Plot 2, Row B, Grave 14
31. See WO 171/1066 84 Medium Regiment RA War Diary, entry for 00:15, 21/09/1944; there does not appear to be any record of contact in this regard in the 1st Airborne Division records
32. See WO 171/396 1 Airborne Division HQ Royal Artillery War Diary, entry for 09:00, 21/09/1944; and WO 171/398 1 Airborne Division Signals War Diary, entry for 09:00, 21/09/1944
33. According to Urquhart, MacMillen was operating from 1 Battery’s Command Post, but another source refers to him being located in the 1st Airlanding Brigade’s HQ; interestingly the Airlanding Brigade War Diary refers to Urquhart bringing news of MacMillen’s contact. See Urquhart, p.121; The Pegasus Archive, Battle of Arnhem Archive, Biographies Section ‘Captain Christopher John Salter MacMillen’ at www.pegasusarchive.org/arnhem/christopher_john_salter_macmillen.htm, accessed 02/02/2014; and WO 171/589 1st Airlanding Brigade War Diary, Appendix A, entry for 10:30, 21/09/1944
34. See WO 171/1059 64 Medium Regiment RA War Diary, entries for 09:35, 10:35 & 11:00, 21/09/1944
35. See WO 171/393 1st Airborne Division HQ War Diary, entry for 09:45, 21/09/1944; and WO 171/589 1st Airlanding Brigade War Diary, Appendix A, entry for 10:30, 21/09/1944
36. See Urquhart, pp.121-122
37. See WO 171/1059 64 Medium Regiment RA War Diary, entry for 11:30, 21/09/1944
38. Quoted from Urquhart, p.122
39. See WO 171/1059 64 Medium Regiment RA War Diary, various entries between 13:00 and 16:00, 21/09/1944; and Royal Artillery Units Netherlands 1944-1945 website, ‘Account by 64 Medium Regiment of their support for 1 Airborne Division’ at http://www.royalartilleryunitsnetherlands1944-1945.com/support-1st-airborne.html, accessed 02/02/2014
40. See WO 166/15077 1st Battalion The Border Regiment War Diary, entry for 21/09/1944; and WO 171/589 1st Airlanding Brigade War Diary, Appendix A, entry for 06:00, 21/09/1944
41. Worrowski is sometimes rendered Wossowski
42. Testimony from Herbert Kessler, Bataillon Worrowski, Ausbildungs und Ersatz Regiment ‘Hermann Göring’; cited in Kershaw, pp.235-236
43. Testimony from Lance-Corporal Albert Wilson, 11 Platoon, B Company, 1st Battalion The Border Regiment; cited in Middlebrook, p.342. Private Henry Bragg has no known grave and is commemorated on the Groesbeek Memorial, Panel 4; the CWGC database gives his date of death as 20/09/1944
44. Lieutenant John Arthur Wellbelove and Sergeant Thomas Watson are interred in Arnhem Oosterbeek War Cemetery, Gelderland, Holland in Plot 30, Row C, Grave 2 and Plot 18, Row B, Grave 13 respectively. Private Francis Edward Jarvis has no known grave and is commemorated on the Groesbeek Memorial, Panel 4; the CWGC database gives his date of death as 24/09/1944
45. Testimony from Herbert Kessler, Bataillon Worrowski, Ausbildungs und Ersatz Regiment ‘Hermann Göring’; cited in Kershaw, p.236
46. See Green, pp.45-46; and Middlebrook, p.342.
47. Company Sergeant-Major Alfred McGladdery is interred in Utrecht (Soestbergen) General Cemetery, Utrecht, Netherlands, Plot 12D, Row 1, Grave 9; the CWGC database gives his date of death as 22/09/1944
48. See Green, pp.48-49; and WO 171/589 1st Airlanding Brigade War Diary, Appendix A, entry for 09:00, 21/09/1944
49. See Green, p.33
50. See ibid., pp.48-49
51. See WO 166/15077 1st Battalion The Border Regiment War Diary, entry for 21/09/1944; and Green, p.50
52. See Green, p.50. Lieutenant Joseph Tate is interred in Arnhem Oosterbeek War Cemetery, Gelderland, Holland in Plot 29, Row A, Grave 8
53. See ibid., pp.49-51. According to the Battalion War Diary Lieutenant Barnes withdrew to the Hemelsche Berg, an area of high ground near D Company’s position east of the Van Borsselenweg; see WO 166/15077 1st Battalion The Border Regiment War Diary, entry for 21/09/1944
54. Testimony from Oberst Fritz Wilhelm Hermann Fullriede, commander, Ausbildungs und Ersatz Regiment ‘Hermann Göring’; cited in Kershaw, pp.236-237
55. Lieutenant Philip Summer Holt is interred in Arnhem Oosterbeek War Cemetery, Gelderland, Holland in Plot 22, Row C, Grave 18
56. See WO 171/400 1 Airborne Division RASC Airborne Element War Diary, entry for 15:00, 20/09/1944; and Green, p.51
57. Lieutenant George Eric Tiplady Brown has no known grave and is commemorated on the Groesbeek Memorial, Panel 4; the CWGC database gives his date of death as 23/09/1944
58. See Green, pp.51-53; Corporal Thomas Langhorn is interred in Arnhem Oosterbeek War Cemetery, Gelderland, Holland in Plot 21, Row A, Grave 4; the CWGC database gives his date of death as 22/09/1944
59. See WO 171/1511 4th Parachute Squadron RE War Diary, entry for 11:00, 20/09/1944; and WO 171/1235 2 Wing Glider Pilot Regiment War Diary, entry for 03:30, 19/09/1944
60. See WO 171/1511 4th Parachute Squadron RE War Diary, Appendix I, entry for 08:00, 21/09/1944; quote from Faulkner-Brown, A Sapper at Arnhem, p.57
61. See WO 171/1511 4th Parachute Squadron RE War Diary, Appendix I, entry for 09:00, 21/09/1944; and ibid., entries for 07:30 & 09:15, 21/09/1944; and Faulkner-Brown, p.59
62. See WO 171/1511 4th Parachute Squadron RE War Diary, entry for 15:30, 21/09/1944; and Faulkner Brown, pp.59-60. Lieutenant Michael Charles Eden is interred in Arnhem Oosterbeek War Cemetery, Gelderland, Holland in Plot 20, Row C, Grave 10
63. See WO 171/1323 7th Battalion King’s Own Scottish Borderers War Diary, entry for 09:00, 21/09/1944; for Sergeant Keyes’ Military Medal citation see The Pegasus Archive, Battle of Arnhem Archive, Biographies Section ‘Sergeant Dennis William Keyes’ at www.pegasusarchive.org/arnhem/dennis_keyes.htm, accessed 18/02/2014
64. See WO 171/589 1st Airlanding Brigade War Diary, entry for 16:00, 21/09/1944
65. See WO 171/1323 7th Battalion King’s Own Scottish Borderers War Diary, entries for 09:00 & 12:00 to 16:30, 21/09/1944; Lieutenant Joseph MacLean Hunter is interred in Arnhem Oosterbeek War Cemetery, Gelderland, Holland in Plot 21, Row B, Grave 3
66. See WO 171/1323 7th Battalion King’s Own Scottish Borderers War Diary, entry for 16:30, 21/09/1944
67. See Faulkner-Brown, pp.60-61
68. Testimony from Sergeant George Barton, Anti-Tank Group, Support Company, 7th Battalion King’s Own Scottish Borderers; cited in Middlebrook, p.347
69. Testimony from Captain James Livingstone, Second-in-Command, C Company, 7th Battalion King’s Own Scottish Borderers; cited in Middlebrook, p.347
70. See The Pegasus Archive, Battle of Arnhem Archive, Biographies Section ‘Lieutenant Colin Edmund Macduff-Duncan’ at www.pegasusarchive.org/arnhem/colin_macduff_duncan.htm, accessed 21/02/2014
71. Quoted from WO 171/1323 7th Battalion King’s O
wn Scottish Borderers War Diary, entry for 16:30, 21/09/1944
72. Testimony from Private Henry McClusky, likely C Company, 7th Battalion King’s Own Scottish Borderers; cited in Middlebrook, p.348
73. See WO 171/1323 7th Battalion King’s Own Scottish Borderers War Diary, entry for 16:30, 21/09/1944; and Middlebrook, p.347. Major Alexander Verner Cochran and Sergeant Andrew Graham are interred in Arnhem Oosterbeek War Cemetery, Gelderland, Holland in Plot 20, Row C, Grave 7 & Plot 17, Row A, Grave 8 respectively; the CWGC database gives Major Cochran’s date of death as 22/09/1944
74. See WO 171/1323 7th Battalion King’s Own Scottish Borderers War Diary, entry for 16:30, 21/09/1944
75. Testimony from Private Alan Dawson, 21st Independent Parachute Company; cited in Middlebrook, p.348. Lieutenant Arthur Derek Lind Sharples is interred in Arnhem Oosterbeek War Cemetery, Gelderland, Holland in Plot 5, Row D, Grave 20
76. See WO 171/1323 7th Battalion King’s Own Scottish Borderers War Diary, entry for 16:30, 21/09/1944
77. For sixty figure see WO 171/594 4th Parachute Brigade War Diary, Appendix C, entry for 21/09/1944. According to Middlebrook Major Powell was placed in command of the 1st Reconnaissance Squadron in its entirety, but Fairley’s semi-official history only refers to his taking command of A & D Troops; see Middlebrook, p.337; and Fairley, Remember Arnhem, p.129
78. See WO 171/1247 156 Parachute Battalion War Diary, entry for 07:00, 21/09/1944
79. testimony from Trooper Alfred Webb, 1 Section, A Troop, 1st Airborne Reconnaissance Squadron; cited in Fairley, p.130
80. See WO 171/406 A Troop 1st Airborne Reconnaissance Squadron War Diary, entries for 07:00, 10:00 & 11:00, 21/09/1944
81. See WO 171/406 D Troop 1st Airborne Reconnaissance Squadron War Diary, entries for 09:00 & 11:00, 21/09/1944
82. See Fairley, p.133
83. See WO 171/406 A Troop 1st Airborne Reconnaissance Squadron War Diary, entries for 12:00, 13:00, 13:30 & 14:30, 21/09/1944; for a detailed account see Fairley, pp.131-136
84. See WO 171/406 D Troop 1st Airborne Reconnaissance Squadron War Diary, entries for 12:00, 13:00 & 16:30, 21/09/1944; and Fairley, pp.136-137