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INTUIT (←): appreciate, apprehend, assume, clock, comprehend, conclude, conjecture, deduce, derive, detect, diagnose, discern, divine, experience, extrapolate, feel, foretell, gather, grasp, grok, guess, infer, notice, observe, perceive, presume, prognosticate, realize, reason, recognize, sense, suppose, surmise, suspect, suss, understand, wonder (≠ adjudge, authenticate, corroborate, detect, determine, discover, misapprehend, misconstrue, misdiagnose, misinterpret, misread, miss, misunderstand, prove, substantiate, verify) (¿) ABSTRACTION ALERT. Concrete goals essential!
INURE (+): acclimate, acclimatize, accustom, adapt, adjust, anneal, balance, bolster, boost, brace, buttress, calibrate, case-harden, center, compose, condition, desensitize, embattle, enforce, familiarize, forearm, fortify, habituate, harden, immunize, indurate, invigorate, limber, naturalize, prop, quarantine, reinforce, root, season, steady, steel, strengthen, support, temper, tone, toughen, train, vitalize (≠ castrate, cripple, debilitate, emasculate, enervate, enfeeble, exhaust, frighten, hamstring, harm, incapacitate, infect, sap, sensitize, shrivel, soften, unman, unnerve, weaken, wither, wizen, worry)
INVADE (→): assail, assault, attack, battle, beleaguer, beset, besiege, blockade, breach, burst, charge, colonize, combat, conquer, cross, crush, despoil, dominate, fight, garrison, gate-crash, harass, infect, infest, infiltrate, infringe, interrupt, loot, maraud, occupy, overcome, overpower, overrun, overthrow, overwhelm, penetrate, permeate, pervade, pillage, plunder, possess, raid, ransack, ravage, rush, sack, seize, steamroller, storm, strike, strip, subdue, subject, subjugate, swarm, trespass, vanquish, violate (≠ aid, ban, bar, barricade, befriend, block, cede, cover, defend, defy, evacuate, exorcise, expel, guard, oppose, patrol, protect, quarantine, repel, resist, safeguard, shelter, shield, submit, support, surrender, survive, sustain, uphold, ward, withdraw, withstand, yield)
INVALIDATE (/): abnegate, abolish, abrogate, annul, -cancel, challenge, confute, contradict, counteract, counterbalance, debate, debilitate, deep-six, delegitimize, delete, -deny, destroy, disable, disavow, disclaim, discredit, dismiss, -disown, disprove, dispute, disqualify, dissolve, divorce, doubt, efface, eliminate, eradicate, extinguish, impair, -negate, neutralize, -nullify, obliterate, override, overrule, overthrow, quash, rebut, refute, -reject, -repudiate, -rescind, retract, revoke, scotch, scruple, suspect, terminate, undercut, undermine, undo, -veto, vitiate, -void, weaken, withdraw (≠ affirm, authorize, certify, confer, confirm, constitute, corroborate, demonstrate, enact, endorse, entitle, establish, formalize, legalize, legislate, legitimize, notarize, ordain, prove, qualify, ratify, rubber-stamp, sanction, substantiate, validate)
INVEIGLE (←): allure, bait, bamboozle, beguile, blandish, blarney, bluff, bribe, bullshit, butter, cajole, charm, cheat, coax, con, convince, court, decoy, dupe, ensnare, entice, entrap, flannel, flatter, fool, fox, fudge, glad-hand, gull, honey, hook, influence, ingratiate, leverage, lure, maneuver, manipulate, massage, milk, oil, palaver, persuade, schmooze, seduce, sell, snooker, snow, soap, stroke, sucker, sweet-talk, tantalize, tease, tempt, trick, trigger, urge, wheedle, win, woo, wow (≠ assume, assure, believe, browbeat, bully, chill, coerce, demand, demotivate, -deter, discourage, disenchant, disgust, dissuade, force, free, insist, liberate, muscle, nobble, order, -prevent, railroad, release, repel, repulse, sandbag, steamroll, trash-talk, trust, warn)
INVENT (+): ad-lib, author, brainstorm, brew, coin, compose, conceive, concoct, construct, contrive, create, design, devise, discover, envisage, envision, execute, extemporize, fabricate, fake, fashion, find, forge, form, formulate, frame, ghostwrite, hallucinate, hatch, imagine, improve, improvise, inaugurate, initiate, innovate, machine, make, manufacture, mint, originate, picture, pioneer, plan, produce, script, sculpt, visualize, weave, wing (≠ adopt, approximate, borrow, clone, coopt, copy, copycat, duplicate, emulate, eradicate, follow, ghostwrite, imitate, match, mimic, repeat, replicate, reproduce, steal)
INVENTORY (+): account, add, appraise, assess, audit, calculate, catalog, categorize, check, classify, clock, collect, compute, conclude, deduce, determine, distribute, divide, document, enumerate, evaluate, figure, file, gauge, group, inspect, itemize, journalize, learn, list, log, measure, note, number, numerate, order, organize, profile, quantify, quantize, rank, reckon, record, register, scan, scope, scrutinize, slot, sort, stock, study, summarize, supply, systematize, tabulate, tally, total, weigh (≠ confuse, delete, diffuse, disorder, disorganize, dispense, dole, estimate, guess, jumble, lose, mislay, misplace, miss, mistake, presume, scatter, scramble, surmise)
INVEST (→): advance, back, bankroll, bestow, capitalize, contribute, dedicate, devote, endow, entrust, fund, furnish, give, grant, infuse, lend, loan, offer, place, plunge, provide, sink, spend, sponsor, stake, subsidize, supply, support, underwrite (≠ bankrupt, beggar, borrow, cadge, cheat, defund, deprive, divest, draw, embezzle, extract, mooch, pilfer, remove, rob, ruin, squander, steal, stiff, stint, waste, withdraw, withhold)
INVEST (→): accord, authorize, award, bequeath, bestow, bless, charge, confer, consecrate, cover, create, dignify, dower, empower, enable, endow, enhance, enrich, enthrone, establish, favor, gift, grant, heighten, honor, inaugurate, induct, initiate, install, instate, license, mandate, ordain, provide, sanction, supply, vest, will (≠ banish, bum, cannibalize, consume, cripple, debilitate, deplete, dethrone, disbar, disinherit, -disown, dispossess, divest, drain, exhaust, expel, leech, overthrow, ruin, skimp, stint, strip, topple)
INVEST (+): accoutre, apparel, arm, array, attire, bedeck, caparison, cloak, clothe, costume, deck, drape, dress, equip, frock, furnish, garb, gown, jacket, mantle, outfit, robe, suit, swaddle, swathe, tailor, tog, uniform, vest, wrap (≠ denude, disarray, disrobe, divest, strip, unbuckle, unbutton, unclothe, uncover, undrape, undress, unveil)
INVEST (+): accredit, affirm, allow, approve, authorize, certify, clear, commission, confirm, credential, empower, enable, endorse, enfranchise, entitle, greenlight, inaugurate, induct, initiate, install, instate, let, license, okay, permit, privilege, qualify, sanction, validate, vest, warrant (≠ ban, bar, block, constrain, -deny, disallow, disbar, discourage, disenfranchise, disqualify, enjoin, -exclude, foil, -forbid, hinder, impede, inhibit, -interdict, monkey-wrench, obstruct, -omit, outlaw, -prevent, -prohibit, proscribe, stop, -veto)
INVESTIGATE (←): analyze, browse, bug, calculate, case, categorize, comb, conclude, connect, consider, consult, contrast, correlate, cross-examine, cruise, deduce, differentiate, distill, examine, explore, expose, extrapolate, eye, eyeball, frisk, grill, hunt, inspect, interrogate, interview, learn, muckrake, out, peruse, poke, police, probe, prowl, question, rake, ransack, read, reconnoiter, reference, reinvestigate, research, review, rifle, scan, scour, scout, scrutinize, search, seek, sift, skim, sleuth, sort, spy, study, subdivide, surf, suss, tap, trawl, uncover, unearth, wiretap (≠ answer, assume, blind, block, bury, camouflage, censor, cloak, cloud, conceal, -discount, disguise, -disregard, ensconce, forget, garble, hide, hush, -ignore, muddy, mystify, -neglect, niche, obfuscate, obscure, -overlook, presume, redact, scramble, screen, secure, shield, stash, stifle, tuck, veil, witness)
INVIGORATE (+): abet, activate, actuate, amp, animate, arouse, assure, awaken, boost, brace, brighten, buoy, charge, cheer, comfort, console, drive, elate, electrify, elevate, embolden, encourage, energize, enkindle, enliven, exalt, excite, exhilarate, ferment, fire, foment, fortify, freshen, galvanize, generate, gentrify, ginger, gladden, harden, hearten, impel, incite, inflame, infuse, inspire, instigate, intoxicate, jazz, jolly, jolt, juice, jump-start, kindle, lift, lighten, liven, motivate, move, nerve, prioritize, promote, propel, provoke, quicken, raise, rally, reactivate, reanimate, reassure, reawaken, recharge, recreate, reenergize, refresh, regenerate, reinvigorate, rejuvenate, rekindle, renew, restimulate, restore, resurrect, resuscitate, revitalize, revive, rouse, shock, spark, spike, steel, stiffen, stimulate, stir, strengthen, supercharge, sustain, tantalize, tease, tempt, trigger, uplift, vitalize, vivify, wake (≠ bore, cannibalize, castrate, check, concern, consume, cripple, curb, dampen, daunt,
deactivate, deaden, debilitate, demoralize, demotivate, deplete, depress, -deter, discourage, dishearten, dispirit, drain, dull, emasculate, enervate, enfeeble, exhaust, fatigue, freeze, frustrate, harass, inactivate, inhibit, jade, kill, knacker, leech, overextend, paralyze, quell, quench, repress, restrain, sap, sedate, shrivel, slow, stagnate, stale, stall, still, stunt, suppress, tire, tucker, undermine, unman, weaken, wear, weary, wither, wizen, worry, wound)
INVITE (←): allow, ask, beg, bid, call, command, conjure, countenance, demand, encourage, entertain, entreat, face, insist, invoke, lead, legalize, permit, persuade, petition, ply, press, propose, provoke, request, seek, solicit, suggest, summon, urge, welcome, will (≠ -avoid, baffle, ban, bar, battle, block, combat, condemn, confound, daunt, -desert, -deter, discourage, dissuade, fight, -halt, hamper, hinder, hobble, -ignore, obstruct, oppose, -prevent, protest, -refuse, -reject, stall, stop, stymie, -thwart, undermine)
INVITE (←): allure, attract, beguile, coax, court, draw, entice, hail, hunt, inveigle, lead, lure, provoke, search, seek, solicit, tantalize, tease, tempt, vamp, welcome, woo (≠ ban, bar, barricade, block, discourage, disenchant, disgust, -ignore, -refuse, -reject, repel, repulse, -shun, -spurn)
INVOKE (→): advance, apply, beget, begin, breed, bring, catalyze, cite, create, cultivate, decide, deploy, determine, develop, effect, effectuate, enact, encourage, enforce, engender, establish, execute, father, forward, foster, found, further, generate, implement, inaugurate, induce, initiate, innovate, institute, introduce, launch, make, midwife, nourish, nurture, pioneer, produce, promote, prompt, render, set, spawn, start, use, yield (≠ abolish, crush, curb, dampen, demolish, destroy, doom, extinguish, impede, limit, quash, quell, repress, restrict, smother, squash, stifle, subdue, suppress)
INVOKE (←): accost, address, adjure, approach, beg, beseech, bring, charge, conjure, covet, crave, entice, entreat, foster, further, greet, implore, importune, imprecate, induce, invite, muster, nourish, nurture, petition, plead, prompt, rally, request, seek, solicit, spawn, summon, woo (≠ banish, block, dispel, eject, -exclude, -forbid, impede, inhibit, limit, -ostracize, oust, quell, restrain, restrict)
INVOLVE (←): absorb, admit, allege, allure, attract, beguile, bemuse, bewitch, busy, buttonhole, captivate, charm, commit, concern, distract, embroil, enchant, encompass, encumber, engage, engross, engulf, enmesh, ensnare, entangle, enthrall, entrance, fascinate, grip, hog, hold, hypnotize, immerse, implicate, include, incorporate, incriminate, interest, intrigue, mesmerize, monopolize, obsess, occupy, preoccupy, rivet (≠ bore, -bypass, -circumvent, detour, -elude, -evade, extricate, jade, miss, -omit, release, remove, separate, -shirk, -shun, tire, weary) (¿) ABSTRACTION ALERT. Concrete goals essential!
INVOLVE (+): access, add, admit, align, amalgamate, assimilate, blend, bracket, carry, combine, compose, comprehend, consolidate, constitute, contain, cover, embody, embrace, enclose, encompass, entail, enter, form, harmonize, hold, homogenize, include, incorporate, insert, integrate, introduce, join, make, merge, mingle, mix, number, overlap, own, possess, receive, reckon, span, subsume, take, unite (≠ alienate, ban, bar, debar, -deny, disaffect, eliminate, except, -exclude, isolate, leave, lose, mislay, misplace, -omit, oppose, orphan, -ostracize, oust, -preclude, -prevent, -prohibit, -refuse, -reject, seclude, -shun)
INVOLVE (/): accuse, associate, attaint, blame, charge, compromise, concern, connect, embarrass, embroil, ensnare, entangle, fault, finger, frame, impeach, implicate, include, incriminate, indict, mortify, shame (≠ absolve, acquit, alibi, clear, exculpate, excuse, exonerate, forgive, free, pardon, release, spare, vindicate)
IRK (/): abrade, affront, aggravate, agitate, anger, annoy, antagonize, badger, bait, bedevil, bother, bug, bullyrag, burn, chafe, chagrin, devil, discomfort, discompose, disconcert, disgust, displease, disquiet, distress, disturb, eat, enrage, exasperate, exercise, freak, fret, frost, gall, get, hagride, harass, harry, hassle, heckle, hector, hound, incense, incommode, inconvenience, inflame, infuriate, insult, irritate, madden, miff, nag, needle, nettle, niggle, nitpick, noodge, offend, outrage, overset, peeve, persecute, perturb, pester, pique, plague, provoke, rankle, rasp, rattle, rile, roil, rouse, ruffle, spite, tease, trouble, undo, unhinge, unsettle, upset, vex, weary, worry (≠ amuse, appease, assuage, assure, baby, buffer, calm, cheer, coddle, comfort, console, content, delight, gladden, gratify, humor, lull, mellow, mitigate, moderate, mollify, oblige, pacify, pamper, placate, please, propitiate, quiet, reassure, satisfy, settle, soothe, stabilize, steady, thrill, woo, wow)
IRRITATE (/): affront, aggravate, agitate, anger, annoy, antagonize, badger, bait, bedevil, bother, bug, bullyrag, burn, chafe, chaff, chagrin, confuse, devil, discomfort, discompose, disconcert, displease, disquiet, distemper, distress, disturb, earbash, eat, enrage, exasperate, exercise, fret, frost, gall, get, goad, hagride, harass, harry, hassle, heckle, hound, hurt, incense, inflame, infuriate, insult, irk, jar, madden, miff, nag, needle, nettle, niggle, nitpick, offend, outrage, pain, peeve, persecute, perturb, pester, pique, plague, provoke, rankle, rasp, rattle, rile, roil, rouse, ruffle, sour, spite, tease, torment, try, undo, unhinge, unsettle, upset, vex, victimize, wear, worry, wrong (≠ accommodate, aid, amuse, appease, assuage, assure, buffer, calm, cheer, comfort, console, content, cushion, delight, entertain, favor, featherbed, gladden, gratify, help, humor, lull, mellow, mitigate, moderate, mollify, nurture, oblige, pacify, pamper, placate, please, propitiate, protect, quiet, reassure, relax, reward, satiate, satisfy, solace, soothe, spoil, spoon-feed)
IRRITATE (/): abrade, afflict, aggravate, burn, chafe, excoriate, flay, fret, gall, graze, hurt, inflame, intensify, itch, pain, peel, rub, scrape, scratch, sensitize, sharpen, skin, sting, swell (≠ advantage, alleviate, assist, benefit, butter, calm, cool, ease, grease, heal, lubricate, moisturize, nurse, oil, salve, smooth, soothe, treat)
ISOLATE (/): alienate, ban, banish, bar, blackball, blacklist, -boycott, cloister, closet, compartmentalize, confine, cordon, decouple, deport, -desert, detach, disaffect, disbar, disconnect, disengage, divide, divorce, eject, eliminate, evict, -exclude, -excommunicate, exile, expatriate, expel, extirpate, extradite, insulate, marginalize, maroon, -omit, -ostracize, oust, part, picket, -prohibit, protest, quarantine, -reject, remove, screen, seclude, segregate, separate, sequester, sever, sunder, uncouple, unhitch (≠ abut, assimilate, associate, attach, bind, blend, border, combine, confuse, conjoin, connect, couple, desegregate, discharge, embrace, fuse, gather, hybridize, include, incorporate, integrate, join, liberate, link, loose, marry, meld, mingle, network, reintegrate, release, reunite, synthesize, unify, unite, wed)
ITEMIZE (+): calculate, catalog, chart, check, cite, compute, count, delineate, detail, diagram, document, enumerate, estimate, figure, graph, instance, inventory, list, mark, mention, name, number, numerate, outline, particularize, pinpoint, reckon, record, rehearse, specify, stipulate, tabulate, tally (≠ addle, baffle, bury, conceal, confound, confuse, disguise, disorganize, -disregard, estimate, generalize, guess, hide, -ignore, jumble, lose, mask, miss, muddle, mystify, -omit, -overlook, perplex, puzzle, scramble, shuffle)
J
JAB (→): bayonet, blow, box, breach, break, buck, bump, bunt, contact, cut, damage, dig, elbow, flick, gaff, gimlet, gore, harpoon, hit, impale, jog, knife, knock, lance, lunge, nudge, peck, perforate, pick, pierce, pike, pink, poke, poniard, prick, prod, prong, punch, puncture, push, ram, riddle, shank, shiv, skewer, slice, spear, spike, spindle, spit, stab, stick, tap, thrust, touch, transfix (≠ armor, -avoid, block, close, counterpunch, defend, deflect, dissuade, -dodge, drag, draw, -duck, fill, guard, heal, help, hold, miss, parry, patch, plug, protect, pull, repel, seal, sew, shield, -shun, withdraw, yank)
JACK (←): bilk, bogart, boost, cadge, defraud, elevate, filch, grab, hijack, hike, hoist, hotwire, increase, inflate, lift, nobble, poach, program, pull, purloin, raise, schnorr, scrounge, seize, shanghai, snaffle, snag, snatch, steal, swipe, take, weasel, wheedle (≠ block, calm, defend, guard, maintain, place, position, preserve, protect, restore, return, safeguard, secure, shi
eld)
JADE (/): annoy, bore, bother, bug, dampen, deaden, debilitate, demoralize, demotivate, desensitize, devitalize, diminish, disable, disappoint, discourage, disenchant, dishearten, dispirit, drain, dull, enervate, enfeeble, exhaust, fatigue, frustrate, irk, irritate, knacker, nauseate, needle, nettle, numb, paralyze, sap, stagnate, stale, stifle, tire, trouble, underwhelm, vex, weaken, wear, weary, worry (≠ absorb, amuse, attract, busy, captivate, charm, enchant, energize, engage, engross, entertain, enthrall, excite, fascinate, galvanize, grip, hypnotize, immerse, inspire, interest, intrigue, involve, mesmerize, monopolize, obsess, occupy, preoccupy, rally, rouse, seduce, stimulate, stir) (¿) ABSTRACTION ALERT. Concrete goals essential!
JAIL (/): apprehend, arrest, bar, bind, book, bust, cage, can, capture, catch, closet, commit, condemn, confine, constrain, convict, detain, dungeon, enchain, fetter, gate, handcuff, hold, ice, immure, impound, impress, imprison, incarcerate, institutionalize, intern, jug, keep, limit, lock, manacle, nab, pen, pinch, remand, restrain, restrict, seize, sentence, shackle, shanghai, shut, snaffle, stockade, straightjacket, trammel, trap (≠ accuse, acquit, alibi, bail, discharge, emancipate, enfranchise, exculpate, exonerate, free, incriminate, liberate, loose, manumit, pardon, redeem, release, spare, unbind, uncage, unchain, unfetter, vindicate)