The Anarchism

by Anna Georgieva

  The undisputed market anarchism genre was science fiction, with novels like The Moon is a Harsh Mistress, The Diamond Age, Alongside Night, or Anarky comics, among others.

  Anarchism in the theater

  The major Nordic playwright, and one of the most important in the history of modern theater was the anarchist Henrik Ibsen, author of works known as Dollhouse and An Enemy of the People . In the Rio de la Plata Florencio Sánchez was the most outstanding figure. Among his most notable works are M'hijo the Doctor , Canillita and health rights . Florencio Sánchez also practiced journalism and social activism, working in the anarchist newspaper La Protesta . The multifaceted anarchist writer and editor of The Torch, Rodolfo González Pacheco, also dabbled in drama, though with minor works.

  In 1946 Julian Beck and Judith Malina founded the Living Theater, inspired by libertarian principles. It was based on controversial issues, appealing to improvisation and audience participation. Although it was conceived as experimental theater in the sixties got quite popular. The Living Theatre troupes influenced many of the decades to the present.

  A play of special relevance for anarchism is the famous novel Morte accidentale anarchico took a Nobel Prize winner Dario Fo literature. The play is a comedy (with a strong presence of social criticism) inspired by the events that took place in 1969 in Milan, Italy, where he died the anarchist Giuseppe Pinelli at the hands of the police when he was questioned about the bomb blast in the Piazza Fontana.

  Howard Zinn is the author of Emma (1976), a play based on the life of the anarchist Emma Goldman.

  Anarchism in the arts

  Proudhon tried in his works of art theory, influence the aesthetic ideal of the pictorial realism and, later, in the socialist realism: Since the nineteenth century, numerous contacts between anarchism and the art world began.For Proudhon, art should serve a social and moral objectives, rejecting the "art for art" and defending the figure of the artist as a being of right principles as all contributing to the development of society. For him, art " is an idealized representation of nature and ourselves in order to physically and morally perfect our species . "

  Proudhon especially influenced Gustave Courbet, personal friend of his he and Camille Pissarro, Georges Seurat, Paul Signac, etc, developed libertarian aesthetic concepts. Courbet's famous painting is the author Pierre-Joseph Proudhon et ses enfants ( Portrait of Proudhon and his children ), 1865. Signac in 1902 said " anarchist painter is not he who paints pictures with anarchist motives but which nonprofit, without expecting any reward, fight with all his individualism and his entire staff effort against the bourgeoisie and official conventions " .

  During the twentieth century there were some links between movement Dadaist, Surrealist and anarchism, although not always very explicit, especially in the 50s in France.During those years the artistic production of Miguel García Vivancos, former member of Durruti group, exiled in France is highlighted. In art criticism (both plastic and literature) have highlighted Herbert Read.

  A mention should be developed based on the art of propaganda and revolutionary anarchist ideals, especially in illustrating libertarian periodicals and street posters. The latter expression had its heyday in Spain during the Civil War.

  Anarchism in film

  Unable habar both avowedly anarchist directors, except Jean Vigo whose work Detroit Rock City is a classic of French cinema. During the Spanish Revolution anarcosindicalista self-managed film production was articulated through producing SIE Films, Films FRIEP and Spartacus. Between August 1936 and June 1937 there were 84 films, most notably the movie Dawn of Hope , Antonio Sau, a jewel of Spanish cinema classic.

  Many filmmakers, however, have taken themes related to the history of anarchism.

  Sacco and Vanzetti takes up the causes of alleged robbery and murder in 1920 and the process by which Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were murdered by the courts of Massachusetts in 1927. The director of the play was Giuliano Montaldo in 1971.

  Love and Anarchy (1973) Lina Wertmuller set in the years of fascism in Italy portrays the life of a prostitute and an anarchist, just try to execute to Benito Mussolini.

  In 1974 Hector Olivera led La Patagonia Rebelde,based on the book by Osvaldo Bayer narrating the Patagonian worker strikes of 1921 in Argentina, which ended with the murder by the army of hundreds. Also in that year, the film Quebracho Ricardo Wullicher, focuses on strikes of workers and immediately following World War Argentine rural workers.

  Ken Loach was inspired by the book Homage to Catalonia by George Orwell for his film Land and Freedom 1995 showing how they were on the front lines of the Spanish Revolution through the eyes of a communist initially militiaman.

  Libertarian (Vicente Aranda, 1996), tells the story of a militia in the Spanish Civil War and how the convents and brothels literally disappear during the years of libertarian revolution in cultural and political revolt that put women fighting side by side with men in the front lines.

  V for Vendetta 2005 based on the graphic novel V for Vendetta tells the story of a masked man who fights against a fascist government based in the England of the future. Although the novel had anarchist ideas, the film was sent to show they only the fight against a totalitarian state.

  Salvador (Puig Antich) (Manuel Huerga, 2006) on the MIL militant sentenced to death in 1974 Salvador Puig Antich.

  Battle in Seattle Stuart Townsend (2008), tells the events of the demonstration against the WTO in 1999.

  There are many movies whose argument and proposal has strong affinities with anarchism: 1984 based on the novel by George Orwell, was filmed by Michael Anderson (1956) and Michael Radford (1984), Fahrenheit 451 Director Laureate François Truffaut (1966), The Fight Club David Fincher (1999), The strategy of the snail from Sergio Cabrera (1993), V for Vendetta , Matrix , American Beauty , The Dead Poets Society club , etc..

  In 2006 Winds of water, the number of Spanish-Argentina co-production that portrays the life (among many others) an anarchist worker must go to Argentina to blow up a mine after landslide kills thereof which premiered its brother-in Asturias, Spain 1934 alternating scenes with the character who has lived deep social crisis in Argentina in late 2001 where he has to go back to Spain to try to get a decent job being an illegal immigrant. This 13-part series is directed by Juan José Campanella

  In 2006 various anarchist groups, both socialist as liberal,took the world premiere of the adaptation of the Wachowski brothers pro-anarchist comic by Alan Moore V for Vendetta to be getting the message anarchist broad levels of society.

  There are also a lot of documentaries that tell the history of anarchism among which may be mentioned Living Utopia , anarchists , 1937 - A People in Arms , Nestor Makhno, Ukrainian peasant (Helene Chatelain),Buenaventura Durruti, anarchist ( Joglars, etc.).

  Freedom of knowledge

  Anarchists consider important promoting the free distribution of all kinds of reading and knowledge. Today, this trend can be seen to promote the abolition of royalties or patents, copyright disobedience, free knowledge, culture fanzine and copyleft licenses.

  Anarchism in music

  In music related to anarchism, have been around since the nineteenth century musicians, composers and themes well known. Within the latter, have attained special importance in Castilian songs popular during the Spanish Civil War and the Spanish Revolution of 1936 "To the Barricades" and "Children of the people", both which have survived to this day becoming true hymns of anarchism and being versioned countless times.

  U.S. libertarian protest song had as main exponents Joe Hill and Woodrow Gutrie. In Argentina highlighted the payador Martin Castro and tango composer Juan de Dios Filiberto, author of celebrated works as Caminitoand Malevaje In France the musical movement known as chanson had among its leading exponents to Georges Brassens and Léo Ferré.

  In recent decades within circles of theyng anarchists took the punk subculture and thus relevance within this came a specifically anarchist anarcho-punk subgenre known as where the letters stand
committed to anarchist ideology and the reporting of state and capitalist oppression.The pioneers of this style were bands like Crass, Dead Kennedys and Conflict in the United Kingdom. Later in this genre also emerge and so the crust punk bands like Nausea stand, Oi Polloi, or Aus Rotten. In Spanish-speaking countries of bands in this genre also began to appear such as Godless or the Dead Christ in Spain, System Failures in Mexico or Apathy Not in Venezuela.Later appear Anarcho Punk International which is a network that brings together groups from America and Europe.

  Currently, within the rap and especially in Europe, has developed another militant rap sub-genre (which usually develops within the rap underground), and this includes many groups and performers declared anarchists. In the French scene include emcees such as Assassin, Keny Arkana, Ministère des Affaires Populaires (also known as MAP), or Sniper. On the other hand, in the incipient stage of the Spanish State combative rap, stand out Platform, Mentenguerra, Folie à Trois, MPR, Irati Malatesta, Griotte or AFS (Art Filosófiko)

  Finally, musicians, fans and event organizers anarchists have appeared in contemporary genres as diverse as folk, nueva trova, techno / psytrance / , or if alternative rock and experimental rock influenced by bands like Negativland situationism and Chumbawamba.

  Anarchist Philately

  Anarchists stamps are those with some anarchist theme, which tend to be part of one of two categories: those that are real, postage stamps, and non-governmental, non-postal stamps that occurred in the memory of historical events special and memorable people, and sometimes, to raise money for a political cause, the most popular is the one that took place during the Spanish Civil War.

  There are also stamps to pay membership fees and guaranteed seals used in the books of members of anarchist organizations and unions such as the Spanish CNT and the American IWW.

  Anarchists represented on postage stamps

  Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, France, 1948.

  Leo Tolstoy, USSR, in 1935, 1953, 1960.

  Henry David Thoreau, United States, 1967.

  Louise Michel, France, 1986.

  Louise Michel, New Caledonia, 1991.

  Joe Hill, Sweden, 1980.

  In seals Spanish Civil War (also known as "republican labels")

  Buenaventura Durruti

  References

  ↑ In the definition of anarchism to the Encyclopedia Britannica, Peter Kropotkin writes:

  They can be found ten large volumes of literary supplement of the newspaper La Revolte and also the Temps Nouveaux, which are quotes from the works of hundreds of modern authors who expose anarchist ideas, to understand to what extent is closely related anarchism yet the intellectual movement of our time. Liberty by JS Mill, Individual versus The State of Spencer, Morality without Obligation or Sanction of Jean Marie Guyau and La Morale, l'art et la religion of Fouillée, works of Multatuli (E. Douwes Dekker), Art and Revolution Richard Wagner, the works of Nietzsche, Emerson, W. Lloyd Garrison, Thoreau, Alexander Herzen, Edward Carpenter, etc., and that the field of literature itself, the dramas of Ibsen, the poetry of Walt Whitman, Tolstoy's War and Peace, Paris and Zola's work, the latest books of Merezhkovsky, and countless works of lesser-known authors, are full of ideas that show how closely anarchism is associated with the chores of modern thought which follows the same trend to free man from the bonds of the state and capitalism.

  ↑ James Joll, The Anarchists , p. 151.

  ↑ Surrealism and anarchism - surreal proclamations (in Le Libertaire )

  ↑ List of films produced during the collectivization of the Spanish film industry, and technical specifications. (In the CNT file )

  ↑ "" La Patagonia Rebelde "- Monografias.com '.

  ↑ Inducer, Smile (September 29, 2006). 'V for Vendetta? A For Anarchy!. " NYMAA. Retrieved September 18, 2008.

  ↑ Shaffer, Butler (March 20, 2006). 'V for Vendetta'. LewRockwell.com. Retrieved September 18, 2008.

  ↑ "Anarcopunk"

  ↑ Ekintza Zuzena - Press freedom

  ↑ Labels: designs for postage anarchist Colin Ward and Clifford Harper

  ↑ Pictures of various stamps issued by CNT

  Related readings

  Despite the enormous difficulties that left, anarchists developed an unprecedented cultural movement in Spain, which would have as its focus the city of Barcelona. This city will be like a beacon to anarchist ideas. Anarchists were dedicated to spreading the idea through the culture. Not only was to introduce anarchist ideas, but also seeking to elevate the human level through education and culture. There was no labor congress that would raise the need for self-education of the workers for the workers.

  Cultural practices of anarchism workers gathered in intellectual sectors sympathies turn of the century. For example John Doe, Azorin Ramon del Valle Inclan Blasco Ibáñez oranarchists had interest in characters, or even were directly interested in anarchism. The Iberian anarchism was obrerista, unlike France, which did not appeal to the bourgeois intelligentsia. But anarchist militants were engaged in writing novels. For example, Ricardo Mella, Fernando Tarrida Marble, Soledad Gustavo Federico Urals, Federica Montseny, Aláiz Felipe Ramon J. Sender, etc.. engaged in writing novels that describe social inequalities experienced by workers.

  Anarchists used to do poetry competitions, theater, literature, philosophy, etc.. In the field of poetry highlighted the anarchist Leon Felipe. Also assuming aesthetic fashions of the time, a generation of libertarians poster artists emerged during the civil war, as Helios Gómez, Manuel Burgos or Carles Monleón Fontserè etc.. that make up the Union of Professional Illustrators Barcelona CNT would sign 70% of posters created during the Civil War in Spain.

  In the field of the counterculture, or cultural vanguards anarchism was present from the beginning, with the futurism of Marinetti by Renzo Novatore. Other cultural vanguards were Dada and Surrealism in the participating anarchists. The first had a much clearer libertarian spirit, since the second flirted with communism during the 20s and 30s. Surrealism in Spain we should speak of Luis Buñuel and his films. However, it was the counterculture of the 70's had more libertarian presence. In those years there was a mix of underground culture, the hippie movement, communes, rock music, psychedelic drugs, free love, etc.. with anarchism. It was a detailedcountercultural anarchism. In the early 80s, the counterculture would turn to punk and radical Basque Rock.

  Anarchist press and broadcasting

  Since the nineteenth century the anarchist movement was dedicated to spreading their ideas on paper and in other cultural areas (schools, theater, literary). For the press the huge number of anarchist periodicals is a sign of his dedication to spreading their ideas. As occurred in Catalonia: Acracia (Barcelona), Social Science (Barcelona), Anarchy (Barcelona), The Human Justice (Barcelona), The Eco Ravachol (Sabadell), El Porvenir Lawless (Grace), The Social Porvenir (Barcelona ), The Proletarian (Sant Feliu), New Idea (Grace), The Tramontana (Barcelona), The Disinherited (Sabadell), The Ravachol (Sabadell), The Pan del Pobre(Barcelona), Germinal (Terrassa) and The Workers' Union (San Martin de Provensals). Also frequently circulated by the workers centers newspapers from various countries (France, Portugal, Brazil, Argentina, Italy, etc..)Outside Catalonia were published: The Future of Worker (Mahon), The Corsair (La Coruña), Social Aurora (Zaragoza), New Humanity (Valencia), La Voz del Campesino (Jerez de la Frontera), The Libertarian (Madrid), Anarchy (Sevilla), Light and Life (Gijón), Libertarian Action (Madrid), Proletarian Culture (Ferrol), Culture and Action (Zaragoza), The Social War (Valencia), Solidaridad Obrera (Gijón),Pages Free (Sevilla) Vía Libre (Huelva), Studies (Valencia), Constant Generation (Alcoy), etc.. Of all these headers protrude Producer , The General Strike (Barcelona), La Revista Blanca (Madrid), Tierra y Libertad (Madrid) and Solidaridad Obrera (Barcelona). For reference, Tierra y Libertad pulled about 18,000 copies a week.

  Another point of dissemination of ideas were novels. Apart from the European social novel, with wide distribution in Spain, anarchist publishers also drew fictional serials selling for tens o
f thousands. The publisher of La Revista Blanca (the Urals family) also edited La Novela Ideal . There were also collections Red Novel , The Novel of Pueblo , La Novela , etc.. Were forms of dissemination of anarchist values that were very popular among the working public.

  During the Republic and the Civil War there was a new explosion of anarchist publications. The working press had previously undergone numerous bans and seizures, which made fickle and temporary. However, during the Republican period were forging a large group of anarchists during the war journalists stand out by their propaganda and organizational work. These would Jacinto Torhyo, Eduardo Guzman, Ramon J. Sender, among others, also would write numerous chronic over Republican period. Paradoxically, an important spokesman of anarchism at the beginning of the Republic was the Madrid daily La Land . In this newspaper journalists who worked several anarchists were free to express their ideas. The newspaper was federal Republican trend, although as said different people working as HildegartRamon Franco, Sediles Salvador, Eduardo Barriobero, Rodrigo Soriano, José Antonio Balbontín or Eduardo Guzman. Not until 1932 when the CNT decided to have its own header in Madrid. And the drives because of the support of Earth to a political party in the 1933 elections, which collided with the anti-parliamentary politics of the anarchists. In the early days of the Civil War, there was almost immediate seizure of the right-wing newspapers, and be in those early months when reflecting the rise of anarchism, libertarian runs of the press would be enormous. For example Solidaridad Obrera in Barcelona came to pull 200,000 copies in late 1936. In Madrid was, as has been said, the newspaper CNT during the war would reach 40,000 copies daily. forge Social Valencia pulled 30,000 copies, the same as Castilla Royalty Regional Center CNT. There were other newspapers as Land and Freedom and We of the FAI Route of FIJL, Free Women , Acracia (Lleida), Work (Manresa), etc.. CNT also had North CNT , Catalunya , Culture and Action , Libertarian Front , La Voz Confederal ... The majority anarchist press was during the war. Newspapers were generally two to eight pages, large size that could be folded into several folds. The letter was small and motley to save paper.