The Shadow of the Great Game
Page 46
All-India Muslim Conference, 85
Al-Qaida, 11, 68, 176, 224, 415
Amanullah, King, 19
Ambedkar, B.R., 142
American Civil War, 18
American Consul, 224
American forces in India, 151-52
American hegemony, 287
Amery, Leopold, 53-54, 56, 60, 65, 98, 99, 100-02, 111, 123, 149, 153, 176, 188, 199
Amritsar, 81, 195, 285, 411
Andaman and Nicobar Islands, 200, 240, 312, 408
Anglo-American relations, 154-56, 161, 165
Anglo-Congress Party rupture, 45
Anglo-Oriental College, 75
Anglo-Pak alliance, 197
Anglo-Soviet relations, 181
Ansari, Dr Mukhtar Ahmed, 83-84
Anwar, Major Khurshid, 334
Apartheid, 238, 242, 407
Arabs, 204
Argentina, 385
Army, 35, 167, 171, 172, 173, 174, 185, 198, 201, 217, 234, 237, 246, 292, 323
Indian, 335, 340, 341, 371, 372, 392-96
Pakistani, 335, 357, 359, 360, 361, 371, 388
Asia for Asiatics Movement, 184
Asia Relations Conference, 275-76
Assam, 179, 195, 211, 212, 214, 216, 225, 233, 250, 252, 253, 258, 273, 289
Assets (of undivided India), Nehru’s opinion on, 369
Ataturk, Mustafa Kemal, 19, 69
Atlantic Charter, 150, 152, 153, 159, 161, 185, 188-89
Atom bomb, 188
Attenborough, Sir Richard, 142
Attlee, Clement, 26, 28, 45, 82, 97, 100, 102, 149, 183, 188, 189, 192, 199, 200, 202, 203, 205, 208, 210, 212, 214, 215, 216, 220, 221, 228, 230, 233, 234, 235, 239, 243, 250, 251, 255, 261, 262, 263, 272-74, 280, 285, 287, 293, 295, 304, 308, 309, 312-14, 330, 355, 356, 358, 366, 371, 373-75, 380-82, 384-86, 388, 389, 392, 403, 405, 407, 409
Auchinleck, Field Marshal Claude, 24, 25, 75, 173, 218-19, 220, 240, 326, 327, 355, 357, 368
Aurangzeb, 284
Australia, 163, 256, 287, 386, 407
Austin, Senator Warren, 375-76, 378, 380, 381, 382
Axis Powers, 148, 152
Azad, Maulana Abul Kalam, 34, 60, 84, 127, 173, 247
Azerbaijan, 181
Bacon, Lieutenant-Colonel, 332-34
Baghdad, 365
Baghdad Pact, 29, 204, 397, 402
Bahawalpur, 315, 361
Bailey, Colonel F.M., 343
Bajpai, Sir Girja Shanker, 105, 108, 115, 146, 256, 257
Baksh, Colonel Elahi, 94
Baku, 19
Baldwin, Stanley, 87
Balkanization, 200, 255, 300, 301, 311, 403
Baltistan, 336, 337
Baluchistan, 16, 22, 31, 66, 71, 195, 206, 211, 218, 234, 244, 246, 289, 294, 303, 408
Banaras, 35
Bandung Conference, 276, 308
Bangladesh, 255
Banihal Pass, 342, 357
Bannu, 282
Baramullah, 351, 355
Baroda, 317-20
Battenberg, Prince Louis of, 270, 271
Battle for Asia, 154
Battle of Badr, 224
Battle of Plassey, 75
Beaverbrook, Lord, 105, 168
Beck, Theodore, 75
Belgium, 408
Bengal, 66, 161, 162, 176, 178, 179, 190, 191, 195, 201, 203, 204, 206, 215, 218, 222, 233, 253, 264, 273, 278, 280, 283, 292-95, 300
East, 211, 237, 289
Bengal Muslim League, 60
Benn, Wedgewood, 56
Berlin, 124
Berlin-Baghdad railway, 18
Berry, J.L., 145
Bevin, Ernest, 15, 28, 30, 243, 255, 258, 287, 308, 336, 337, 374, 383, 391, 403
Bhabha, C.H., 279
Bhabha, Homi, 77
Bhave, Vinobha, 58
Bhavnagar, diwan of, 317
Bhimbar/Bhimber, 340, 395
Bhopal, 317, 318
Bhopal, Nawab of, 279, 306, 317-20
accession to India, 320
Bihar, 179, 206, 211, 233, 237, 259
Bikaner, 322-23
bin Laden, Osama, 11, 68, 415
Birkenhead, Earl of, 82
Birla, Ghanshyam Das, 56
Blake, David, 10
Blikenberg, Lars, 339, 348, 354
Bokhara, 365
Bolan Pass, 16, 246
Bolitho, Hector, 179
Bombay, 35, 38, 48, 66, 74, 77, 89, 125, 172-73, 179, 206, 211, 233
Bombay Chronicle, 232
Bose, Subhash Chandra, 40, 55, 123-25, 171, 192
Boundary Commission, 294, 327
Brabourne, Lord, 92
Bright, John, 75
Britain, 9, 15-31, 34-62, 74-75, 97-119, 127-42, 145-65, 183, 188-91, 192, 199, 214, 219, 220, 232, 233, 238, 240, 243, 253, 256, 265, 274-75, 286, 288, 293-95, 303, 308-10, 314, 325, 335, 340, 343, 346, 353, 358, 375, 380, 382, 383, 386, 389, 390, 396-98, 402, 404-13, 416
British Cabinet, 254, 208, 294, 301
British Foreign Office, 241, 243
British Government, 28, 155, 201, 222, 229, 242, 263, 325, 332, 359, 371
British Labour Party
Annual Conference 1947, 15, 243
British Military Academy, 174
British Military Intelligence, 171
British provinces (in India), 35, 66
British withdrawal plan, 299
Broadlands, 13, 390
Brown, Judith, 143
Brown, Major William Alexander, 332, 333, 334, 337
Bucher, General Roy, 358, 360, 361, 395
Buck, Pearl, 156
Buddhism, 67
Buddhists, 336
Bulletin of Military Historical Society of Great Britain, 233, 334
Bundi, 323
Burma, 99, 173, 205, 240, 242, 245
Burrows, Sir Frederick, 222, 224
Butler, Harcourt, 323
Cabinet Delegation, 220, 256
Cabinet Mission, 102, 204, 205, 207, 208, 212, 213, 215, 217, 219, 222, 225, 231, 233, 409
Cadogan, Sir Alexander, 337, 389-90
Cairo, 152
Calcutta, 71, 84-85, 191, 212, 222-25, 231, 234, 278, 283, 306
Calcutta killings, 222-25, 231
Cambridge, 163
Campbell-Johnson, Alan, 199, 288-89, 317, 366, 369
Canada, 163, 256
Canberra Conference, 326
Cariappa, K.M., 324, 360, 395
Caroe, Sir Olaf, 30, 31, 176, 248, 246, 249, 280, 281, 299, 300, 302-04, 331, 397
Carter, Sir Archibald, 372, 373, 374, 390
Casey, Richard, 187
Cawthorn, General Walter Joseph, 326, 388-89
Ceasefire (1949), 397
CENTO, 21, 29, 397, 402
Central Asia, 17, 18, 141, 142, 163, 209, 336, 343, 413
Central Government, 253, 254, 258, 261, 313, 314, 317, 412
Central Legislature, Lower House of, 316
Central Provinces, 179, 206, 241
Ceylon (Sri Lanka), 242, 386
Chagla, M.C., 77, 82, 84
Chamberlain, Neville, 39, 53
Chamber of Princes, 279, 315, 316, 317, 321, 345
Chaplin, Charlie, 270
Chauri Chaura, 81-82
Chiang Kai-shek, 103, 147-48, 149-50, 151, 152, 269
Chiang Kai-shek, Madame, 150
China, 100, 105, 126, 129, 146-48, 155, 156, 163, 189, 209, 238, 243, 257, 332, 334, 346, 402, 403, 407, 413
Chinese communists, 276
Chinese delegation to UN, 238
Chinese démarche, 148
Chitral, 30, 335, 337
Chittagong, 145, 195, 322
Christianity, 67, 74, 196
Christian missionaries, 324
Churchill, Pamela, 104
Churchill, Randolph, 105
Churchill, Winston, 10, 16, 22, 25, 31, 36, 38, 53-56, 70, 87, 97-119, 122, 130, 132, 146, 149, 150, 155, 157, 158-59, 162, 164, 168-70, 172, 177, 178, 181, 183-85, 188, 191, 199, 200, 216, 221, 269, 271, 272-74, 295
, 296, 306, 372-74
CIA, 29, 402
Ciano, Count Galaezzo, 124
Clash of civilizations, 415
Clemenceau, M., 207
Clive, Robert, 75
Cochin, 290, 323
Cold War, 11, 164, 165, 181, 397
Collins, Larry, 367
Columbia, 385
Colville, Sir John, 304
Commonwealth, British, 24-27, 218-20, 229, 231, 235, 239, 240, 241, 243, 254, 265, 273, 274-75, 278, 279, 286, 287, 288, 289, 291, 294, 295, 312, 325, 367, 375, 381, 383, 385, 386, 390, 391, 407, 411
Commonwealth Relations Office, 254, 347, 355, 372, 374, 379, 380, 389, 390, 395, 406-07
Communism, 196, 255, 310, 389, 392, 407, 415
Congress Party, 25, 29, 34, 35, 37-39, 40-45, 47-50, 55-59, 60, 61, 68, 69, 73, 78, 82, 83, 84, 86, 90, 98-99, 102, 107, 109-11, 117, 119, 122, 123, 125, 131, 132-34, 138, 141, 142, 146, 149-51, 154, 157, 158, 160-63, 170, 173, 177-79, 187, 188, 189-94, 199, 202, 205, 210, 211-18, 221, 222, 228, 230-36, 241, 242, 245, 246-48, 250, 251, 253-55, 259, 260-64, 273, 277, 279-83, 287, 289, 291, 294, 296, 299, 300, 302, 304, 305, 312, 314, 317, 319-21, 325, 326, 350, 367, 403, 405, 406, 410, 411, 414
Congress Working Committee, 149, 153, 184, 194, 195, 233, 264, 275
Connally, Thomas, 104
Conservative Party, 57, 170, 188
Constituent Assembly, 191, 211, 214-16, 218, 222, 229, 231, 233, 234, 236, 247, 249, 250-53, 256, 259, 260, 262, 263, 265, 278-80, 282, 289, 292, 294, 385, 391, 405
Constitution,
Central, 263
Indian, 386
Cooch Behar, 218
Cordoba, 365
Craik, Henry, 53, 410
Crete, 271
Cripps Mission, 100, 145, 154, 184, 200
Cripps, Sir Stafford, 44, 46, 56, 100, 101, 102, 108, 110-14, 123, 125, 129, 130, 132, 154, 162, 167, 189, 190, 191, 192, 200-03, 207, 208, 220, 221, 228, 231, 232, 250, 255, 272-73, 308, 325, 327, 358, 382, 384, 390-91
Crown, 169, 175, 234, 284
Cunningham, Sir George, 110, 334, 350, 350
Cunningham, Sir John, 27
Currie, Lauchlin, 151
Curson, B.R., 379
Curzon, Lord, 169
Cyrenica (North Africa), 169
Czechoslovakia, 385
Dacca, 195
Dalmia, R.K., 322
Dalton, Hugh, 383
Darjeeling, 195, 283
Darling, Malcolm, 46
Das, C.R., 82
Dasgupta, C., 359
Dass, Dewan Jermani, 321
Das, Durga, 186
Das, Vishvanath, 127
Dawn, 161, 378
Defence Committee, 357, 360, 395
de Gaulle, Charles, 402
Delhi, 10, 15, 30, 57, 66, 68, 71, 83, 102, 108, 109, 113, 114, 124, 130, 145-46, 151, 155, 157-60, 170, 171, 173, 186, 192, 207, 219, 224, 229, 231, 234, 238, 239, 256, 258, 269, 272, 281, 284, 299, 305, 306, 309, 311, 330, 332, 338, 339, 347, 348, 353, 355, 360, 361, 366, 369, 374, 380, 385, 395, 403, 413
Delhi Secretariat, 238
de Ligne, Prince, 382
Deliverance Day, 38
Deoband, 68
Dera, Acharya Narendra, 127
Dera Ismail Khan, 282
Dholpur, 320
Dir, 315
Direct Action Day, 222, 224
Directorate of Intelligence, 167
Divide and rule, 75, 169
Domel, 353, 358, 360, 361, 362
Dominion status, 254, 296, 307, 410
Dostoyevsky, Fyodor, 18
Dube, Major General Udey Chand, 174
Dulles, John Foster, 21, 31, 216, 238-39, 337, 396, 397
Durand line, 244, 304, 331
Dutch, 242
Dyer, Reginald, 81
East India Company, 169
Economic and War Supplies Mission to India, 104
Eden, Sir Anthony, 184
Edward VII, 270
Edward VIII (Prince of Wales), 272, 343
Egypt, 204
Eisenhower, Dwight, 216, 269-70
Elections
of 1937, 88-90
to Central and Provincial Legislatures, 192
to assembly (1946), 251
Elizabeth (Queen), 296
wedding of, 358
Elmherst, Air Marshal Thomas, 339
Emergency Powers Act (the Rowlatt Act), 81
Empire (British), 253, 274, 278, 283, 293, 313, 332, 343, 410, 413
end game of, 299-327
Europe, 18, 164
European Association, 130
Faizal, King, 19-20
Fakir of Ipi, 300, 302, 341
Far East, 184, 185, 240
Fazal-ul-Haq, 57, 60, 89, 91, 124
Federal Legislature (in India), 36
First World War, 19, 38, 40, 79, 177, 223, 271
Fisher, Louis, 59, 114, 154, 155
Fitze, Sir Kenneth, 324
Fortune, 157
France, 34, 57, 67
French, Patrick, 67
Gallman, Waldemar, 257-58
Gandhi, Feroze, 77
Gandhi, Mahatma, 34-35, 38, 39, 41-44, 46, 48, 49, 54-55, 58, 59, 73, 78-79, 81, 82, 86, 88, 100, 114, 115, 122-42, 146-48, 149-50, 153, 157, 159, 160, 163, 164, 170, 173, 179-80, 184, 186, 193, 203, 207, 224, 231, 237, 241, 245, 276-77, 299, 301, 306, 307, 309, 368-70, 374, 406, 412, 413
Gandhi, Rajiv, 77
Ganga, 365
George VI, 286
Germany, 18, 20, 22, 35, 54, 55, 124, 127
Ghazni, Mahmud, 72, 352
Ghose, Sudhir, 236
Gilbert, Sir Martin, 88
Gilgit, 16, 30, 332, 333-41, 343, 388
Gilgit Agency, 303, 331
Gilgit-Astore, Republic of, 334
Gilgit Scouts, 332, 333
Giliat, Elizabeth, 88
Glancy, Sir Bertrand James, 187, 410
Gold Coast, 157
Golden Temple, 284
Gopal, S., 367
Gorchakov, Prince Aleksandr Mikaylovich, 18
Government of India (GOI), 157, 228, 230, 256, 305, 316, 337, 338, 352, 358, 361, 369, 370, 371, 373, 378-81, 396, 397
Act (1935), 354, 356
Government of Pakistan, 333, 371, 378, 379, 380, 387, 396, 397, 413
Gracey, Sir Douglas, 335, 340, 346, 353, 357, 360, 361, 395
Grady, Henry, 230, 288, 310, 378, 380, 383
Great depression of 1930, 20
Great Game, 9-12, 15-31, 188, 242, 244-45, 278, 343, 397, 411
Green, Nathan, 104
Grew, Joseph, 184
Gunther, John, 48
Gurdaspur, 195, 411
Gurkha/s, 216
Gwadur, 403
Gwalior, 322
Hailey, Lord Malcolm, 86
Halaku, 72
Halifax, Lord, 114, 138, 145-46, 153, 155, 159, 185
Hallet, Sir Maurice, 151
Hamidullah, Nawab Muhammad (see also Bhopal), 71
Han Sui Yen, 13
Hare, Raymond A., 310
Harijan, 132, 141
Harriman, Averil, 103, 104, 106
Hayat, Shaukat, 410
Heathenism, 224
Hebrew University, 276
Himalayas, 219
Hindu-Muslim differences, 11, 160
Hindus, 48, 50, 67, 80, 90, 93, 98-99, 170, 178, 183, 190, 191, 194, 223, 225, 237, 265, 282, 285, 305, 307, 340, 347, 348, 359, 365, 404, 407, 408, 409, 415
Hitler, Adolf, 34, 39, 41, 54, 55, 60, 124, 125, 150, 163, 324
His Majesty’s Government (HMG), 48, 51, 56, 57, 70, 82, 86, 100, 103, 129, 134, 151, 154, 157, 169, 188, 190, 191, 199, 203, 207, 230, 234, 235, 242, 250, 251, 261, 262, 291, 312, 314, 347, 356, 374, 375, 378, 381, 409
Hizb-ul-Mujahideen, 68
Hodson, H.V., 108, 109, 111, 187, 236, 290, 299, 344, 347, 359, 367
Holkar (Maharaja of Indore), 163
Hollis, Sir Leslie, 26, 241
Hollywood, 163
Hong Kong, 240
&n
bsp; Hopkins, Harry, 150, 271
Hormuz, Straits of, 103
Horton, Ralph Albert, 320
House of Commons, 205, 261, 295
Churchill’s speech in, 296
Hull, Cordell, 104, 107, 113, 114, 145-46, 149, 151, 153, 154, 159, 161-62
Hunt, John, 174
Hunza, 331
Hussain, Ghulam, 89
Hussain, Imam, 206
Hussein, Saddam, 20
Hyderabad (Deccan), 71, 117, 213, 218, 263, 313-15, 317, 322, 330
Nizam of, 315, 317, 322, 330, 344
separatist move by, 263
Hyderabad (Sind), 318
Imam, Sir Ali, 84
Imperial Legislative Council, 78, 81
Independence, announcement of, 306
Independence Day celebrations, 327
India, 10-11, 25-31, 35, 40-41, 66, 72, 74-75, 97-119, 145-65, 168, 181, 199, 200, 201, 203, 205, 209, 214, 215, 219, 229, 230, 233, 235, 239, 240, 242, 245, 252-56, 259, 261, 262, 264, 265, 278, 282, 283, 287, 289, 290-93, 294, 296, 307, 309, 312, 326, 330, 334-36, 338, 340, 341, 343, 347, 352, 353, 355, 358, 359, 361, 362, 366, 367, 371-75, 377, 379, 381-86, 388, 391, 392, 394, 396, 402, 404, 405-07, 409, 411, 412, 415, 416
India Committee, 199
India League, 15
Indian Cabinet, 335, 357, 361, 372
Indian Civil Service (ICS), 16, 193
Indian Communist Party, 125, 310
Indian Independence Bill, 410
Indian National Army (INA), 171-72, 193
trial of officers of, 192-93, 200-01
Indian National Congress (see under Congress Party)
Indian Ocean, 17, 21, 22, 25, 29, 31, 170, 181, 205, 219, 220, 239, 309, 313
Indian Police (IP), 193
Indian Political Service, 205, 350
Indian princes, 200
Indian troops, overseas, 240
Indian Union, 349, 357
India Office, 200, 207, 241, 258
India Office Records, 13
India-Pakistan war (on Kashmir), 359 425
India-Pakistan war (on Bangladesh), 402
Individual Peaceful Disobedience, 58-60
Indo-British relations, 312
Indo-China, French action in, 242
Indo-Soviet treaty, 402
Indo-US relations, 265, 405
Indonesia, 193
Indore, 317, 318, 322
Indus, 336
Indus Valley, 335
Instrument of Accession, 314, 317, 319-20, 354, 356
Intelligence Bureau, 193, 225
Inter-Asian Conference, 309
Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), 68, 415
Interim Government, 210, 214, 215, 218, 225, 228, 230, 231, 233, 236, 239, 240, 241, 249, 250, 254, 256, 260, 265, 276, 354, 403, 405, 409
Inverchapel, Lord, 230
Iqbal, Mohammad, 90, 352
Iran/Persia, 10, 15, 19-21, 24, 29, 103, 163, 164, 181, 242, 326
Iraq, 19-21, 29, 103, 126, 204
Ireland (Eire), 256
Irish Republican Army, 48
Iron Curtain, 164