her namesake and niece, Oney Fortune: Rogers, Freedom & Slavery Documents in the District of Columbia 1:114. The recorded manumission for Oney Fortune was signed on October 13, 1827, and recorded on November 5, 1827. The record notes that William Costin “manumits his slave woman named Oney, a bright mulatto who is about thirty-five years old.” The unusual first name and age matches with a child under the care of Betty Davis listed as Oney on George Washington’s 1799 slave inventory. Oney Fortune was the niece of Ona Judge Staines.
“rather suffer death”: Joseph Whipple to Oliver Wolcott Jr., 4 October 1796.
Selected Bibliography
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———. The Diary of George Washington, from the first day of October 1789 to the tenth day of March, 1790. New York: New York Public Library. https://archive.org/details/diarywashington00lossgoog.
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Washington, Martha. Martha Washington to Frances B. Washington, 8 June 1789. Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History. http://www.gilderlehrman.org/collections/treasures-from-the-collection/martha-washington-first-lady’s-grandchildren-were-her-top-.
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Argus, or Greenleaf’s New Daily Advertiser (New York, NY)
Claypoole’s American Daily Advertiser (Philadelphia, PA)
Daily National Intelligencer (Washington, DC)
Exeter News-Letter (Portsmouth, NH)
Finlay’s American Naval and Commercial Register (Philadelphia)
Granite Freeman (Concord, NH)
Liberator (Boston, MA)
Minerva (New York, NY)
New-Hampshire Gazette (Portsmouth, NH)
New York Journal (New York, NY)
Oracle of the Day (Portsmouth, NH)
Pennsylvania Freeman (Philadelphia)
Pennsylvania Gazette (Philadelphia)
Philadelphia (PA) Gazette (Federal Gazette)
Portsmouth (NH) Journal
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