For Whom the Bell Tolls

by Ernest Hemingway

  "How far is it to El Sordo's?" he asked.

  "Not far," the woman said. "It is across this open country, down into the next valley and above the timber at the head of the stream. Sit thee down and forget thy seriousness."

  "I want to see him and get it over with."

  "I want to bathe my feet," the woman said and, taking off her rope-soled shoes and pulling off a heavy wool stocking, she put her right foot into the stream. "My God, it's cold."

  "We should have taken horses," Robert Jordan told her.

  "This is good for me," the woman said. "This is what I have been missing. What's the matter with you?"

  "Nothing, except that I am in a hurry."

  "Then calm yourself. There is much time. What a day it is and how I am contented not to be in pine trees. You cannot imagine how one can tire of pine trees. Aren't you tired of the pines, guapa?"

  "I like them," the girl said.

  "What can you like about them?"

  "I like the odor and the feel of the needles under foot. I like the wind in the high trees and the creaking they make against each other."

  "You like anything," Pilar said. "You are a gift to any man if you could cook a little better. But the pine tree makes a forest of boredom. Thou hast never known a forest of beech, nor of oak, nor of chestnut. Those are forests. In such forests each tree differs and there is character and beauty. A forest of pine trees is boredom. What do you say, Ingles?"

  "I like the pines, too."

  "Pero, venga," Pilar said. "Two of you. So do I like the pines, but we have been too long in these pines. Also I am tired of the mountains. In mountains there are only two directions. Down and up and down leads only to the road and the towns of the Fascists."

  "Do you ever go to Segovia?"

  "Que va. With this face? This is a face that is known. How would you like to be ugly, beautiful one?" she said to Maria.

  "Thou art not ugly."

  "Vamos, I'm not ugly. I was born ugly. All my life I have been ugly. You, Ingles, who know nothing about women. Do you know how an ugly woman feels? Do you know what it is to be ugly all your life and inside to feel that you are beautiful? It is very rare," she put the other foot in the stream, then removed it. "God, it's cold. Look at the water wagtail," she said and pointed to the gray ball of a bird that was bobbing up and down on a stone up the stream. "Those are no good for anything. Neither to sing nor to eat. Only to jerk their tails up and down. Give me a cigarette, Ingles," she said and taking it, lit it from a flint and steel lighter in the pocket of her skirt. She puffed on the cigarette and looked at Maria and Robert Jordan.

  "Life is very curious," she said, and blew smoke from her nostrils. "I would have made a good man, but I am all woman and all ugly. Yet many men have loved me and I have loved many men. It is curious. Listen, Ingles, this is interesting. Look at me, as ugly as I am. Look closely, Ingles."

  "Thou art not ugly."

  "Que no? Don't lie to me. Or," she laughed the deep laugh. "Has it begun to work with thee? No. That is a joke. No. Look at the ugliness. Yet one has a feeling within one that blinds a man while he loves you. You, with that feeling, blind him, and blind yourself. Then one day, for no reason, he sees you ugly as you really are and he is not blind any more and then you see yourself as ugly as he sees you and you lose your man and your feeling. Do you understand, guapa?" She patted the girl on the shoulder.

  "No," said Maria. "Because thou art not ugly."

  "Try to use thy head and not thy heart, and listen," Pilar said. "I am telling you things of much interest. Does it not interest you, Ingles?"

  "Yes. But we should go."

  "Que va, go. I am very well here. Then," she went on, addressing herself to Robert Jordan now as though she were speaking to a classroom; almost as though she were lecturing. "After a while, when you are as ugly as I am, as ugly as women can be, then, as I say, after a while the feeling, the idiotic feeling that you are beautiful, grows slowly in one again. It grows like a cabbage. And then, when the feeling is grown, another man sees you and thinks you are beautiful and it is all to do over. Now I think I am past it, but it still might come. You are lucky, guapa, that you are not ugly."

  "But I am ugly," Maria insisted.

  "Ask him," said Pilar. "And don't put thy feet in the stream because it will freeze them."

  "If Roberto says we should go, I think we should go," Maria said.

  "Listen to you," Pilar said. "I have as much at stake in this as thy Roberto and I say that we are well off resting here by the stream and that there is much time. Furthermore, I like to talk. It is the only civilized thing we have. How otherwise can we divert ourselves? Does what I say not hold interest for you, Ingles?"

  "You speak very well. But there are other things that interest me more than talk of beauty or lack of beauty."

  "Then let us talk of what interests thee."

  "Where were you at the start of the movement?"

  "In my town."

  "Avila?"

  "Que va, Avila."

  "Pablo said he was from Avila."

  "He lies. He wanted to take a big city for his town. It was this town," and she named a town.

  "And what happened?"

  "Much," the woman said. "Much. And all of it ugly. Even that which was glorious."

  "Tell me about it," Robert Jordan said.

  "It is brutal," the woman said. "I do not like to tell it before the girl."

  "Tell it," said Robert Jordan. "And if it is not for her, that she should not listen."

  "I can hear it," Maria said. She put her hand on Robert Jordan's. "There is nothing that I cannot hear."

  "It isn't whether you can hear it," Pilar said. "It is whether I should tell it to thee and make thee bad dreams."

  "I will not get bad dreams from a story," Maria told her. "You think after all that has happened with us I should get bad dreams from a story?"

  "Maybe it will give the Ingles bad dreams."

  "Try it and see."

  "No, Ingles, I am not joking. Didst thou see the start of the movement in any small town?"

  "No," Robert Jordan said.

  "Then thou hast seen nothing. Thou hast seen the ruin that now is Pablo, but you should have seen Pablo on that day."

  "Tell it."

  "Nay. I do not want to."

  "Tell it."

  "All right, then. I will tell it truly as it was. But thee, guapa, if it reaches a point that it molests thee, tell me."

  "I will not listen to it if it molests me," Maria told her. "It cannot be worse than many things."

  "I believe it can," the woman said. "Give me another cigarette, Ingles, and vamonos."

  The girl leaned back against the heather on the bank of the stream and Robert Jordan stretched himself out, his shoulders against the ground and his head against a clump of the heather. He reached out and found Maria's hand and held it in his, rubbing their two hands against the heather until she opened her hand and laid it flat on top of his as they listened.

  "It was early in the morning when the civiles surrendered at the barracks," Pilar began.

  "You had assaulted the barracks?" Robert Jordan asked.

  "Pablo had surrounded it in the dark, cut the telephone wires, placed dynamite under one wall and called on the guardia civil to surrender. They would not. And at daylight he blew the wall open. There was fighting. Two civiles were killed. Four were wounded and four surrendered.

  "We all lay on roofs and on the ground and at the edge of walls and of buildings in the early morning light and the dust cloud of the explosion had not yet settled, for it rose high in the air and there was no wind to carry it, and all of us were firing into the broken side of the building, loading and firing into the smoke, and from within there was still the flashing of rifles and then there was a shout from in the smoke not to fire more, and out came the four civiles with their hands up. A big part of the roof had fallen in and the wall was gone and they came out to surrender.

  " 'Are there more i
nside?' Pablo shouted.

  " 'There are wounded.'

  " 'Guard these,' Pablo said to four who had come up from where we were firing. 'Stand there. Against the wall,' he told the civiles. The four civiles stood against the wall, dirty, dusty, smoke-grimed, with the four who were guarding them pointing their guns at them and Pablo and the others went in to finish the wounded.

  "After they had done this and there was no longer any noise of the wounded, neither groaning, nor crying out, nor the noise of shooting in the barracks, Pablo and the others came out and Pablo had his shotgun over his back and was carrying in his hand a Mauser pistol.

  " 'Look, Pilar,' he said. 'This was in the hand of the officer who killed himself. Never have I fired a pistol. You,' he said to one of the guards, 'show me how it works. No. Don't show me. Tell me.'

  "The four civiles had stood against the wall, sweating and saying nothing while the shooting had gone on inside the barracks. They were all tall men with the faces of guardias civiles, which is the same model of face as mine is. Except that their faces were covered with the small stubble of this their last morning of not yet being shaved and they stood there against the wall and said nothing.

  " 'You,' said Pablo to the one who stood nearest him. 'Tell me how it works.'

  " 'Pull the small lever down,' the man said in a very dry voice. 'Pull the receiver back and let it snap forward.'

  " 'What is the receiver?' asked Pablo, and he looked at the four civiles. 'What is the receiver?'

  " 'The block on top of the action.'

  "Pablo pulled it back, but it stuck. 'What now?' he said. 'It is jammed. You have lied to me.'

  " 'Pull it farther back and let it snap lightly forward,' the civil said, and I have never heard such a tone of voice. It was grayer than a morning without sunrise.

  "Pablo pulled and let go as the man had told him and the block snapped forward into place and the pistol was cocked with the hammer back. It is an ugly pistol, small in the round handle, large and flat in the barrel, and unwieldy. All this time the civiles had been watching him and they had said nothing.

  " 'What are you going to do with us?' one asked him.

  " 'Shoot thee,' Pablo said.

  " 'When?' the man asked in the same gray voice.

  " 'Now,' said Pablo.

  " 'Where?' asked the man.

  " 'Here,' said Pablo. 'Here. Now. Here and now. Have you anything to say?'

  "'Nada,' said the civil. 'Nothing. But it is an ugly thing.'

  " 'And you are an ugly thing,' Pablo said. 'You murderer of peasants. You who would shoot your own mother.'

  " 'I have never killed any one,' the civil said. 'And do not speak of my mother.'

  " 'Show us how to die. You, who have always done the killing.'

  " 'There is no necessity to insult us,' another civil said. 'And we know how to die.'

  " 'Kneel down against the wall with your heads against the wall,' Pablo told them. The civiles looked at one another.

  " 'Kneel, I say,' Pablo said. 'Get down and kneel.'

  " 'How does it seem to you, Paco?' one civil said to the tallest, who had spoken with Pablo about the pistol. He wore a corporal's stripes on his sleeves and was sweating very much although the early morning was still cool.

  " 'It is as well to kneel,' he answered. 'It is of no importance.'

  " 'It is closer to the earth,' the first one who had spoken said, trying to make a joke, but they were all too grave for a joke and no one smiled.

  " 'Then let us kneel,' the first civil said, and the four knelt, looking very awkward with their heads against the wall and their hands by their sides, and Pablo passed behind them and shot each in turn in the back of the head with the pistol, going from one to another and putting the barrel of the pistol against the back of their heads, each man slipping down as he fired. I can hear the pistol still, sharp and yet muffled, and see the barrel jerk and the head of the man drop forward. One held his head still when the pistol touched it. One pushed his head forward and pressed his forehead against the stone. One shivered in his whole body and his head was shaking. Only one put his hands in front of his eyes, and he was the last one, and the four bodies were slumped against the wall when Pablo turned away from them and came toward us with the pistol still in his hand.

  " 'Hold this for me, Pilar,' he said. 'I do not know how to put down the hammer,' and he handed me the pistol and stood there looking at the four guards as they lay against the wall of the barracks. All those who were with us stood there too, looking at them, and no one said anything.

  "We had won the town and it was still early in the morning and no one had eaten nor had any one drunk coffee and we looked at each other and we were all powdered with dust from the blowing up of the barracks, as powdered as men are at a threshing, and I stood holding the pistol and it was heavy in my hand and I felt weak in the stomach when I looked at the guards dead there against the wall; they all as gray and as dusty as we were, but each one was now moistening with his blood the dry dirt by the wall where they lay. And as we stood there the sun rose over the far hills and shone now on the road where we stood and on the white wall of the barracks and the dust in the air was golden in that first sun and the peasant who was beside me looked at the wall of the barracks and what lay there and then looked at us and then at the sun and said, 'Vaya, a day that commences.'

  " 'Now let us go and get coffee,' I said.

  " 'Good, Pilar, good,' he said. And we went up into the town to the Plaza, and those were the last people who were shot in the village."

  "What happened to the others?" Robert Jordan asked. "Were there no other fascists in the village?"

  "Que va, were there no other fascists? There were more than twenty. But none was shot."

  "What was done?"

  "Pablo had them beaten to death with flails and thrown from the top of the cliff into the river."

  "All twenty?"

  "I will tell you. It is not so simple. And in my life never do I wish to see such a scene as the flailing to death in the plaza on the top of the cliff above the river.

  "The town is built on the high bank above the river and there is a square there with a fountain and there are benches and there are big trees that give a shade for the benches. The balconies of the houses look out on the plaza. Six streets enter on the plaza and there is an arcade from the houses that goes around the plaza so that one can walk in the shade of the arcade when the sun is hot. On three sides of the plaza is the arcade and on the fourth side is the walk shaded by the trees beside the edge of the cliff with, far below, the river. It is three hundred feet down to the river.

  "Pablo organized it all as he did the attack on the barracks. First he had the entrances to the streets blocked off with carts as though to organize the plaze for a capea. For an amateur bullfight. The fascists were all held in the Ayuntamiento, the city hall, which was the largest building on one side of the plaza. It was there the clock was set in the wall and it was in the buildings under the arcade that the club of the fascists was. And under the arcade on the sidewalk in front of their club was where they had their chairs and tables for their club. It was there, before the movement, that they were accustomed to take the aperitifs. The chairs and the tables were of wicker. It looked like a cafe but was more elegant."

  "But was there no fighting to take them?"

  "Pablo had them seized in the night before he assaulted the barracks. But he had already surrounded the barracks. They were all seized in their homes at the same hour the attack started. That was intelligent. Pablo is an organizer. Otherwise he would have had people attacking him at his flanks and at his rear while he was assaulting the barracks of the guardia civil.

  "Pablo is very intelligent but very brutal. He had this of the village well planned and well ordered. Listen. After the assault was successful, and the last four guards had surrendered, and he had shot them against the wall, and we had drunk coffee at the cafe that always opened earliest in the morning by the corner from which the e
arly bus left, he proceeded to the organization of the plaza. Carts were piled exactly as for a capea except that the side toward the river was not enclosed. That was left open. Then Pablo ordered the priest to confess the fascists and give them the necessary sacraments."

  "Where was this done?"

  "In the Ayuntamiento, as I said. There was a great crowd outside and while this was going on inside with the priest, there was some levity outside and shouting of obscenities, but most of the people were very serious and respectful. Those who made jokes were those who were already drunk from the celebration of the taking of the barracks and there were useless characters who would have been drunk at any time.

  "While the priest was engaged in these duties, Pablo organized those in the plaza into two lines.

  "He placed them in two lines as you would place men for a rope pulling contest, or as they stand in a city to watch the ending of a bicycle road race with just room for the cyclists to pass between, or as men stood to allow the passage of a holy image in a procession. Two meters was left between the lines and they extended from the door of the Ayuntamiento clear across the plaza to the edge of the cliff. So that, from the doorway of the Ayuntamiento, looking across the plaza, one coming out would see two solid lines of people waiting.

  "They were armed with flails such as are used to beat out the grain and they were a good flail's length apart. All did not have flails, as enough flails could not be obtained. But most had flails obtained from the store of Don Guillermo Martin, who was a fascist and sold all sorts of agricultural implements. And those who did not have flails had heavy herdsman's clubs, or ox-goads, and some had wooden pitchforks; those with wooden tines that are used to fork the chaff and straw into the air after the flailing. Some had sickles and reaping hooks but these Pablo placed at the far end where the lines reached the edge of the cliff.

  "These lines were quiet and it was a clear day, as today is clear, and there were clouds high in the sky, as there are now, and the plaza was not yet dusty for there had been a heavy dew in the night, and the trees cast a shade over the men in the lines and you could hear the water running from the brass pipe in the mouth of the lion and falling into the bowl of the fountain where the women bring the water jars to fill them.