and German cultural legacy ref1
and German neutrality ref1ncclv
nationality ref1
and negotiated settlement ref1
and Poland ref1, ref2nclxxiii, ref3, ref4
population transfers ref1, ref2
and Potsdam Conference ref1
and Prussia ref1ncccxx
purges by ref1ncclxxxiii, ref2nccxcviii
and Red Army atrocities ref1
rise of ref1
and second front ref1
and Soviet expansion ref1, ref2ncxxxv, ref3
‘Stalin note’ ref1
and total war ref1
on war ref1
world domination goal ref1
Yalta ref1nclxiv
Stalingrad ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Stamm-Kuhlmann, Thomas ref1
Stannern (Stonarov) ref1
Stauffenberg, Klaus von ref1nclxiv, ref2
Štefánik, Milan Rastislav ref1
Stein, Edith ref1, ref2
Stein, Heinrich Friedrich Karl, Freiherr vom und zum ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Steinau ref1
Steinbach, Erika ref1, ref2, ref3
sterilisation ref1
Stern, James ref1
Stern, Otto ref1ncccxv
Stettin (Szczecin) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
Steuben (ship) ref1
Stimpson, Henry ref1
Stolzenburg ref1nxxx
Stonarov see Stannern
Stoneman, W. H. ref1
Stopes, Dr Marie ref1
Strachan, Hew ref1
The First World War ref1
Stralsund ref1, ref2nccl
Strasbourg (Straßburg) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4nvii, ref5, ref6, ref7
Cathedral ref1
Stresemann, Gustav ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5ncccxx
Strzembosz, Tomasz ref1
Stuart dynasty ref1
Stürmer, Michael ref1
Sudan ref1
Sudenland ref1, ref2, ref3
Sudermann, Hermann ref1
Sudeten Germans ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6nlvi, ref7, ref8, ref9nlxv, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13
Sudeten German Expellees Association ref1
Sudetenland ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6nlxv, ref7ncclxi, ref8, ref9, ref10
Suebi ref1, ref2
Suez Canal ref1, ref2
surnames ref1, ref2ncxlv
Suvorov, Viktor ref1
Svehla, Antonin ref1
Swabia/Swabians ref1, ref2 see also Suebi
Swabian War (1499) ref1
Sweden
army ref1
and German economy, post-Second World War ref1
and Prussia ref1
Second World War ref1
sterilisation ref1
and Thirty Years War ref1, ref2, ref3
Swinemünde ref1, ref2
Switzerland ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5nxcviii, ref6
Szczecin see Stettin
Szczecinek see Neustettin
Tachau (Tachov) ref1
Tacitus, Cornelius ref1, ref2, ref3
Germania ref1
Talleyrand, Maurice de ref1
Tallinn see Reval
tanks see panzers
Tannenberg, Battle of ref1, ref2
Taylor, A. J. P. ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10nclxxiii
The Course of German History ref1
technology ref1
Tehran Conference ref1
television ref1
Teplá see Kloster Tepl
Teutoburger Forest ref1, ref2
Teutonic, use of term ref1
Teutonic Order of Knights ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9
Teutons ref1
Theoderic the Great, King of the Ostrogoths ref1, ref2
Theodisk dialect ref1
Theresienstadt ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Third Reich
and authoritarianism ref1
government ref1
as incarnation of First Reich ref1
industries ref1nclxxvi
infrastructure ref1
origins ref1
propaganda ref1, ref2, ref3
Schulze on ref1
unemployment ref1
Third Way see Sonderweg
Thirty Years War ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Thoringi (Thurigians) ref1
Thorn (Thorun) ref1, ref2, ref3
First Peace of (1411) ref1
Second Peace of (1466) ref1
Three Eagle Alliance ref1
Three Emperors’ League ref1, ref2
Thum, Gregor, Die Fremde Stadt Breslau 1945 ref1
Thumelicus (son of Arminius) ref1
Thurgau ref1
Thurigians see Thoringi
Thuringia ref1
Thurn, Heinrich Matthias, Graf von ref1
Thusnelda (wife of Arminius) ref1
Tilly, Johann Tserklaes, Count von ref1
Tilsit, Peace of (1807) ref1
The Times ref1, ref2
Timoshenko, Marshal Semyon
Konstantinovich ref1
Titanic (ship) ref1
Tito, Josip Broz ref1nclxii
Torun see Thorn
Toul ref1, ref2
tourism
‘The Castles and Palaces Route’ ref1
Colmar ref1
homesickness ref1nccciv, ref2, ref3
Kaliningrad ref1nccciv
Lower Silesia ref1
Pomerania ref1, ref2ncxxii, ref3nccxliii, ref4, ref5
Strasbourg ref1
Sudetenland ref1, ref2
Tournai ref1
trade
Baltic routes ref1
Imperial Germany ref1, ref2
Poland ref1
post-Second World War ref1, ref2, ref3
pre-First World War ref1
Prussia ref1
see also Hanseatic League
Trajan, Emperor ref1
Transylvania ref1, ref2
Trauttendorf family ref1
Treblinka ref1
Trebnitz (Trzebnica) concentration camp ref1
Treitschke, Heinrich von ref1
Trent, Council of (1545) ref1
Treuenbrietzen ref1
tribes
migration of ref1
and Romans ref1
Trier ref1, ref2, ref3
Triple Alliance ref1
Triple Entente ref1
Trotsky, Leon ref1, ref2
troubadours see Minnesänger
Truman, Harry S. ref1nlxxxv, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5ncclxix, ref6, ref7ncclxxxvi, ref8, ref9
Trzebnica see Trebnitz
Tübingen University ref1
Tunis, battle of ref1, ref2
Turenne, Marshal Henri de ref1ncccxxv
Turkey ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4nxxx, ref5, ref6 see also Mameluke Turks; Ottoman Empire
U-boats ref1
Ukraine ref1, ref2
Ulbricht, Walter ref1, ref2
Ullstein publishing house ref1
unemployment
Czechoslovakia ref1
post-First World War ref1
Third Reich ref1
Weimar Republic ref1, ref2
UNESCO natural World Heritage
Coastline ref1nccciii
UNESCO World Heritage Sites ref1
Ungváry, Krisztián ref1
unification ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
United Kingdom see Great Britain
United Nations (UN) ref1, ref2 see also UNRRA
United Netherlands ref1
United States
and Anschluß ref1
army ref1
Child Refugee Bill ref1
and Czechoslovakia ref1
and First World War ref1, ref2, ref3
and food aid ref1ncclxxxvi, ref2
and German economy, post-Second World War ref1
German emigrants to ref1
industries ref1
Jewish emigration to ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
and Liberia ref1
and looting, post-Second World War ref1
Native Americans ref1, ref2
and New World Order ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
and Oder-Neisse line ref1nccliii
opinion polls in ref1
and peace process, post-First World War ref1nclxxvii
and Polish independence ref1
population of ref1
rise of ref1
and Second World War ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
and war reparations, post-First World War ref1
United States Air Force (USAAF) ref1, ref2
universities ref1
Aussig ref1, ref2
Berlin ref1
Breslau ref1
foundation of ref1
Halle ref1
Königsberg ref1, ref2
Marburg ref1
Palermo ref1
Potsdam ref1
Prague ref1, ref2, ref3
Prussian Academy of Sciences ref1
Tübingen ref1
Wittenburg ref1
UNRRA (United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration) ref1
Untersberg mountain ref1
Upper Silesia
elections ref1
German language ref1ncccxvi
German minorities ref1, ref2
industries ref1, ref2
land disputes ref1
neglect of, post-Second World War ref1ncclix, ref2
Poland and ref1, ref2, ref3nccli, ref4
Polish population ref1, ref2
referendums ref1
schools ref1
Treaty of Versailles and ref1, ref2
Usti Nad Labem see Aussig
Vallat, Xavier ref1
Van Emden, Richard, Meeting the Enemy ref1
vandalism ref1 see also looting
Vandals ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Vansittart, Peter, Black Record: Germans Past and Present ref1
Varus, Publius Quinctilius ref1, ref2
Varzin (Warcino) ref1, ref2ncxxii, ref3nccxliii, ref4, ref5
Velvet Revolutions (1989) ref1
Vercellae, battle of ref1
Verdun (Wirten) ref1, ref2
Treaty of (AD 843) ref1
Vermeil, Edmond ref1
Versailles, Treaty of (1919)
cost of ref1, ref2, ref3
and damage liability ref1
Hitler’s breach of ref1, ref2
legacy of ref1
Lloyd George and ref1
Poland and ref1, ref2
and right to vote ref1
Victoria, Princess (mother of Kaiser Wilhelm II) ref1
Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom and Ireland ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Vienna
Battle of (1683) ref1
Congress of (1815) ref1, ref2
Congress of (1878) ref1
expulsion of Jews from ref1
fall of (1945) ref1
food shortages, post-Second World War ref1
German minorities ref1
Habsburg court ref1
Hitler and ref1
multiethnic nature of ref1
nationalism in ref1
Siege of (1683) ref1
surnames ref1
Treaty of (1791) ref1
Turks at ref1nxxvi
Viereck, Peter ref1
Vikings ref1, ref2, ref3
Vilnius ref1 see also Wilna
Viniani, René ref1
Visigoths ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Vlaska, Karel ref1
Voelkerwanderung ref1
Vogesen (Vosges) hills ref1, ref2
Vojna prison labour camp ref1
Volksgemeinschaft ref1, ref2
Volkssturm (people’s militia) ref1, ref2, ref3ncclxxii
Voltaire, François Marie Arouet ref1
Vondracek, David ref1
Vonnegut, Kurt ref1
Vortigern, King of the Britons ref1
Vosges see Vogesen (Vosges) hills
Vouille, battle of (AD 507) ref1
Vrchalbí see Hohnelbe
Wagner, Richard ref1, ref2
Nibelungenlied ref1nvii
Tannhäuser ref1
Wales ref1nlxxxii
Walewska, Marie ref1, ref2
Wall Street Crash ref1, ref2
Wallace, William ref1
Wallenstein, Albrecht von ref1, ref2, ref3
Walter von der Vogelweide ref1
war crimes ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Allies ref1
Czechoslovakia ref1, ref2, ref3
Napoleonic wars ref1
see also Nuremburg trials
war criminals ref1, ref2ncclxxvi
war graves ref1
war guilt ref1 see also collective guilt
war memorials ref1, ref2ncccxi, ref3
war reparations ref1nlxv
post-First World War ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
post-Second World War ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Warburg dynasty ref1
Warcino see Varzin
wars
civilians’ support for ref1
confessional ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Frederick the Great on ref1
World Wars, effects on German-speaking Europe ref1
see also First World War; Second World War
Warsaw
battle of (1656) ref1
bombing of, Second World War ref1
centre for discussions on ethnic cleansing ref1, ref2
Nazis’ destruction of ref1
Radio Maryja ref1
rebuilding of ref1
Red Army invasion of ref1
Washington Post ref1
Waterloo, Battle of (1815) ref1, ref2
Watson, Peter, The German Genius ref1
Weaver, Denis ref1
Weber, Max ref1ncxviii
Wehler, Ulrich ref1
Wehrmacht ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Weill, Kurt ref1
The Threepenny Opera ref1
Weimar Republic ref1
army ref1, ref2nclxx
coalition ref1
constitution ref1, ref2, ref3
currency ref1
customs union with Austria ref1
democracy ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
DNVP ref1
economy ref1
elections ref1, ref2
failure of ref1
opponents to ref1
opposition to ref1
political parties ref1
post-First World War ref1
Reichtag ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14
Revolutionary Era (1919-23) ref1
social welfare ref1
Stresemann Era (1923-29) ref1
unemployment ref1, ref2
Weissenburg ref1nxxx
Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of ref1
Wells, H. G. ref1
Welt am Sonntag ref1
Wenceslas I, King of Bohemia ref1
Wenger, Arsène ref1
Wertheim, Georg ref1
Wessels, Col. T. F. ref1
West Germany ref1, ref2
West Prussia ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
Westphalia, Treaty of (1648) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Wettin dynasty ref1
Wetzlar ref1
White Mountain, Battle of (1620) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
white supremacy ref1
Wido, Emperor (Guido of Spoleto) ref1
Wiechert, Ernst ref1
Wieczorek, Bishop Jan ref1ncccxii
Wielun ref1
Wießenburg (Wissembourg) ref1
wildlife ref1
Wilhelm I, Kaiser ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
Wilhelm II, Kaiser ref1
assassination attempts on ref1
birth ref1
relationship with Britain ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
and Caprivi, Leo von ref1
and colonies ref1
death ref1ncxxiii
disability ref1
exile ref1ncxxiii, ref2, ref3
and First World War ref1nlxxx, ref2, ref3
foreign policy ref1ncxv, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
and Franz Ferdinand’s death ref1
and Franz Joseph of Austria ref1
and German greatness ref1
and ‘The Huns’ ref1
hunting lodge ref1
and militarism ref1, ref2
and modernisation ref1, ref2
nationality ref1
and Nicolas II ref1
and peace ref1, ref2
tactlessness of ref1
and Weltpolitik ref1, ref2
Wilhelm Gustloff (ship) ref1
William I, Prince of Orange ref1
William II, King of Britain and Ireland
ref1nxxxiii, ref2nxxxiv, ref3
Wilna (Vilnius) ref1, ref2, ref3
Wilson, Woodrow ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10
Winckelmann, Johann Joachim ref1
Winder, Simon, Germania ref1
Windthorst, Ludwig ref1, ref2
Wirkheim (Aleksandrow Kujawski) ref1
Wirten see Verdun
Wismar ref1, ref2, ref3nccl, ref4
Wissembourg see Wießenburg
Wistrich, Robert ref1
Wittelsbach dynasty ref1
Wittenburg University ref1
Witteschau (Vitosov) ref1
Wladyslaw II Jagiello ref1
Worms ref1nvii, ref2, ref3, ref4
Edict of (1521) ref1nxxii
Wroclaw see Breslau
Württemberg ref1
Würzberg ref1, ref2
Wycliffe, John ref1
Xanten ref1
Xenophobia ref1 see also anti-Semitism
Yalta ref1nclxiv, ref2nclxiv
Yiddish ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4nccxiii
Yolande of Jerusalem ref1
Yorck von Wartenburg, General Johann David Ludwig ref1
Young Plan ref1
Ypres ref1
Yugoslavia
creation of ref1nxlviii
post-First World War ref1, ref2, ref3nclxii
war graves ref1
Zarnowitz, Battle of ref1
Zary see Sorau
Zatec see Saaz
Zayas, Alfred-Maurice de ref1
Die Zeit (newspaper) ref1
Zelivský, Jan ref1
Zeppelins ref1, ref2
Zhukov, Marshal Gyorgy Konstantovich ref1ncxci, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Zille, Heinrich ref1
Zionism ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4nccxviii
‘Protocols of the Elder of Zion’ ref1, ref2nccxvii
Zizka, Jan ref1
Zlata Praha (newspaper) ref1
Zorndorf, Battle of (1758) ref1, ref2
Zuelpich, battle of (AD 497) ref1
Zweig, Stefan ref1
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