Delphi Complete Works of Polybius

by Polybius

  [1] μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ἀναζεύξας ὁ βασιλεύς, καὶ ποιησάμενος τὴν πορείαν διὰ Πατρῶν καὶ Δύμης, ἧκε πρὸς τὸ φρούριον, ὃ καλεῖται μὲν Τεῖχος, πρόκειται δὲ τῆς Δυμαίων χώρας: κατέσχον δ᾽ αὐτὸ μικροῖς ἔμπροσθεν χρόνοις, καθάπερ ἀνώτερον εἶπον, οἱ περὶ τὸν Εὐριπίδαν. [2] σπεύδων δὴ τοῦτο κατὰ πάντα τρόπον ἀνακομίσασθαι τοῖς Δυμαίοις, προσεστρατοπέδευσε μετὰ πάσης δυνάμεως. [3] καταπλαγέντες δ᾽ οἱ φυλάττοντες τῶν Ἠλείων παρέδοσαν τὸ φρούριον τῷ Φιλίππῳ, χωρίον οὐ μέγα μέν, ἠσφαλισμένον δὲ διαφερόντως: [4] τὴν μὲν γὰρ περίμετρον εἶχεν οὐ πλείω τριῶν ἡμισταδίων, τὸ δ᾽ ὕψος τοῦ τείχους οὐδαμῇ τριάκοντα πήχεων ἔλαττον. [5] παραδοὺς δὲ τοῦτο τοῖς Δυμαίοις ἐπῄει πορθῶν τὴν τῶν Ἠλείων χώραν: φθείρας δὲ ταύτην, καὶ πολλὴν περιβαλόμενος λείαν, ἐπανῆλθε μετὰ τῆς δυνάμεως εἰς τὴν Δύμην.

  83. This over, the king departed by way of Patrae and Dyme, and arrived with his army before the fortress called the Wall, which is situated on the frontier of the territory of Dyme, and had a short time before, as I mentioned above, been occupied by Euripidas. The king, being anxious at all hazards to recover this place for the Dymaeans, encamped under its walls with his full force: and thereupon the Elean garrison in alarm surrendered the place to Philip, which, though not large, had been fortified with extraordinary care. For though the circumference of its walls was not more than a stade and a half, its height was nowhere less than thirty cubits. Having handed the place over to the Dymaeans, Philip continued his advance, plundering the territory of Elis: and when he had thoroughly devastated it, and acquired a large booty, he returned with his army to Dyme.

  [1] ὁ δ᾽ Ἀπελλῆς, δοκῶν ἠνυκέναι τι τῆς προθέσεως τῷ δι᾽ αὐτοῦ καθεστάσθαι τὸν τῶν Ἀχαιῶν στρατηγόν, αὖθις ἐνεχείρει τοῖς περὶ τὸν Ἄρατον, βουλόμενος εἰς τέλος ἀποσπάσαι τὸν Φίλιππον ἀπὸ τῆς πρὸς αὐτοὺς φιλίας. ἐπεβάλετο δὲ τὴν διαβολὴν πλάττειν διὰ τοιαύτης τινὸς ἐπινοίας. [2] Ἀμφίδαμος ὁ τῶν Ἠλείων στρατηγός, ἐν ταῖς Θαλάμαις ἁλοὺς ἅμα τοῖς συμπεφευγόσι, καθάπερ ἀνώτερον ἡμῖν ἐρρήθη περὶ τούτων, ὡς ἧκε μετὰ τῶν ἄλλων αἰχμαλώτων ἀγόμενος εἰς Ὀλυμπίαν, ἔσπευσε διά τινων εἰς λόγους ἐλθεῖν τῷ βασιλεῖ. [3] τυχὼν δὲ τούτου διελέγετο, φάσκων εἶναι δυνατὸς ἐπαγαγέσθαι τοὺς Ἠλείους εἰς τὴν πρὸς αὐτὸν φιλίαν καὶ συμμαχίαν. ὁ δὲ Φίλιππος πεισθεὶς ἐξαπέστειλε τὸν Ἀμφίδαμον χωρὶς λύτρων, [4] κελεύσας ἐπαγγέλλεσθαι τοῖς Ἠλείοις, ἐὰν ἕλωνται τὴν πρὸς αὐτὸν φιλίαν, ὅτι τὰ μὲν αἰχμάλωτα πάντα χωρὶς λύτρων ἀποδώσει, τῇ δὲ χώρᾳ τὴν ἀσφάλειαν αὐτὸς ἀπὸ πάντων τῶν ἐκτὸς παρασκευάσει, [5] πρὸς δὲ τούτοις αὐτοὺς ἐλευθέρους, ἀφρουρήτους, ἀφορολογήτους, χρωμένους τοῖς ἰδίοις πολιτεύμασι, διατηρήσει. [6] οἱ μὲν οὖν Ἠλεῖοι διακούσαντες τούτων οὐδὲν προσέσχον, καίπερ ἐπισπαστικῶν καὶ μεγάλων εἶναι δοκούντων τῶν προτεινομένων: [7] ὁ δ᾽ Ἀπελλῆς, ἐκ τούτου τοῦ πράγματος πλάσας τὴν διαβολήν, προσήνεγκε τῷ Φιλίππῳ, φάσκων τοὺς περὶ τὸν Ἄρατον οὐκ εἰλικρινῆ τὴν φιλίαν ἄγειν πρὸς Μακεδόνας οὐδ᾽ ἀληθινῶς εὐνοεῖν αὐτῷ: καὶ γὰρ νῦν τῆς Ἠλείων ἀλλοτριότητος τούτους αἰτίους γεγονέναι. [8] καθ᾽ ὃν γὰρ καιρὸν Ἀμφίδαμον ἐξ Ὀλυμπίας εἰς Ἦλιν ἀπέστειλε, τούτους ἔφη κατ᾽ ἰδίαν λαβόντας ἐπιτρῖψαι τὸν ἄνθρωπον καὶ λέγειν ὅτι κατ᾽ οὐδένα τρόπον συμφέρει τοῖς Πελοποννησίοις τὸ γενέσθαι Φίλιππον Ἠλείων κύριον, [9] καὶ διὰ ταύτην τὴν αἰτίαν πάνθ᾽ ὑπεριδόντας τὰ προτεινόμενα τοὺς Ἠλείους διατηρεῖν μὲν τὴν πρὸς Αἰτωλοὺς φιλίαν, ὑπομένειν δὲ τὸν πρὸς

  84. Meanwhile Apelles, thinking that, by the election of the Achaean Strategus through his influence, he had partly succeeded in his policy, began once more attacking Aratus, with the view of entirely detaching Philip from his friendship: and he accordingly determined to make up an accusation against him grounded on the following circumstance: When Amphidamus, the Elean Strategus, had been, with the other refugees, made prisoner at Thalamae, and had been brought among other captives to Olympia, he made earnest efforts by the agency of certain individuals to be allowed an interview with the king. This favour having been accorded him, he made a statement to the effect that it was in his power to bring over the Eleans to the king’s side, and induce them to enter into alliance with him. Philip believed him; and accordingly dismissed Amphidamus without ransom, with instructions to promise the Eleans, that, if they would join the king, he would restore their captive citizens without ransom, and would himself secure their territory safely from all outside attacks: and besides this would maintain them in freedom, without impost or foreign garrison, and in enjoyment of their several constitutions.

  But the Eleans refused to listen to the proposal, although the offer was thought attractive and substantial. Apelles therefore used this circumstance to found the false accusation which he now brought before Philip, alleging that Aratus was not a loyal friend to the Macedonians, nor sincere in his feelings towards them: “He was responsible for this alienation of the Eleans; for when the king despatched Amphidamus from Olympia into Elis, Aratus took him aside and talked to him, asserting that it was by no means to the interest of the Peloponnesians that Philip should become supreme in Elis: and this was the reason of the Eleans despising the king’s offers, and clinging to the friendship of the Aetolians, and persisting in war against the Macedonians.”

  [1] Μακεδόνας πόλεμον. τὸ μὲν οὖν πρῶτον Φίλιππος δεξάμενος τοὺς λόγους καλεῖν ἐκέλευε τοὺς περὶ τὸν Ἄρατον καὶ λέγειν ἐναντίον ἐκείνων ταῦτα τὸν Ἀπελλῆν. [2] τῶν δὲ παραγενομένων, ἔλεγε τὰ προειρημένα τολμηρῶς καὶ καταπληκτικῶς ὁ Ἀπελλῆς, καί τι προσεπεῖπε τοιοῦτον ἔτι σιωπῶντος τοῦ βασιλέως: “ [3] ἐπείπερ οὕτως ἀχαρίστους ὑμᾶς ὁ βασιλεύς, Ἄρατε, καὶ λίαν ἀγνώμονας εὑρίσκει, κρίνει συναγαγὼν τοὺς Ἀχαιοὺς καὶ περὶ τούτων ἀπολογισμοὺς ποιησάμενος ἀπαλλάττεσθαι πάλιν εἰς Μακεδονίαν. [4] “ ὁ δὲ πρεσβύτερος Ἄρατος ὑπολαβὼν καθόλου μὲν ἠξίου τὸν Φίλιππον μηδενὶ τῶν λεγομένων ὀξέως μηδ᾽ ἀκρίτως μηδέποτε πιστεύειν, [5] ὅταν δ�
� κατά τινος τῶν φίλων καὶ συμμάχων προσπέσῃ τις αὐτῷ λόγος, τὸν ἀκριβέστερον ἔλεγχον ποιεῖσθαι πρὶν ἢ δέξασθαι τὴν διαβολήν: καὶ γὰρ βασιλικὸν εἶναι τὸ τοιοῦτο καὶ πρὸς πᾶν συμφέρον. [6] διὸ καὶ νῦν ἠξίου περὶ τῶν ὑπ᾽ Ἀπελλοῦ λεγομένων καλεῖν τοὺς ἀκηκοότας, ἄγειν εἰς τὸ μέσον τὸν εἰρηκότα πρὸς αὐτόν, μηδὲν παραλιπεῖν τῶν δυνατῶν εἰς τὸ γνῶναι τὴν ἀλήθειαν, πρὶν ἢ πρὸς τοὺς Ἀχαιοὺς

  85. Regarding the matter as important, the first step the king took was to summon the elder and younger Aratus, and order Apelles to repeat these assertions in their presence: which he thereupon did in a bold and threatening tone. And upon the king still not saying a word, he added: “Since his Majesty finds you, Aratus, so ungrateful and so exceedingly adverse to his interests, he is determined to summon a meeting of the Achaeans, and, after making a statement of his reasons, forthwith to return to Macedonia.” Aratus the elder answered him with a general exhortation to Philip, never to give a hasty or inconsiderate credit to any thing which might be alleged before him against his friends and allies: but when any such allegation were made, to test its truth before accepting it; for that was the conduct which became a king, and was in every way to his interest. Wherefore he said, “I claim that you should, in the present instance of these accusations of Apelles, summon those who heard my words; and openly produce the man that informed Apelles of them, and omit no means of ascertaining the real truth, before making any statement in regard to these matters to the Achaeans.”

  [1] ἀνακαλύπτειν τι τούτων. τοῦ δὲ βασιλέως εὐαρεστήσαντος τοῖς λεγομένοις, καὶ φήσαντος οὐκ ὀλιγωρήσειν, ἀλλ᾽ ἐξετάσειν, τότε μὲν διελύθησαν. [2] ἐν δὲ ταῖς ἑξῆς ἡμέραις ὁ μὲν Ἀπελλῆς οὐδεμίαν ἀπόδειξιν προσῆγε τοῖς εἰρημένοις: τοῖς δὲ περὶ τὸν Ἄρατον ἐγένετό τι συγκύρημα τοιοῦτον. [3] οἱ γὰρ Ἠλεῖοι, καθ᾽ ὃν καιρὸν ὁ Φίλιππος αὐτῶν ἐπόρθει τὴν χώραν, ὑποπτεύσαντες τὸν Ἀμφίδαμον ἐπεβάλοντο συλλαβεῖν καὶ δήσαντες εἰς τὴν Αἰτωλίαν ἐκπέμπειν. [4] ὁ δὲ προαισθόμενος αὐτῶν τὴν ἐπίνοιαν ἀπεχώρησε τὰς μὲν ἀρχὰς εἰς Ὀλυμπίαν, μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα πυνθανόμενος τὸν Φίλιππον ἐν τῇ Δύμῃ περὶ τὴν τῶν λαφύρων οἰκονομίαν διατρίβειν, ἔσπευσε πρὸς τοῦτον διαπεσεῖν. [5] ὅθεν οἱ περὶ τὸν Ἄρατον, ἀκούσαντες τὸν Ἀμφίδαμον ἐκ τῆς Ἤλιδος ἐκπεπτωκότα παρεῖναι, γενόμενοι περιχαρεῖς διὰ τὸ μηδὲν αὑτοῖς συνειδέναι, προσελθόντες ᾤοντο δεῖν τὸν βασιλέα καλεῖν τὸν Ἀμφίδαμον: [6] καὶ γὰρ εἰδέναι περὶ τῶν κατηγορουμένων ἐκεῖνον βέλτιστα πρὸς ὃν ἐρρήθη, καὶ δηλώσειν τὴν ἀλήθειαν, πεφευγότα μὲν ἐξ οἴκου διὰ τὸν Φίλιππον, τὰς δ᾽ ἐλπίδας ἔχοντα τῆς σωτηρίας κατὰ τὸ παρὸν ἐν ἐκείνῳ. [7] πεισθεὶς δὲ τοῖς λεγομένοις ὁ βασιλεύς, καὶ μεταπεμψάμενος τὸν Ἀμφίδαμον, εὗρε τὴν διαβολὴν οὖσαν ψευδῆ. [8] διὸ καὶ τὸν μὲν Ἄρατον ἀπὸ ταύτης τῆς ἡμέρας ἀεὶ καὶ μᾶλλον ἀπεδέχετο καὶ κατηξίου, πρὸς δὲ τὸν Ἀπελλῆν λοξότερον εἶχε: τῇ γε μὴν ὁλοσχερεῖ προκατεχόμενος ἀποδοχῇ πολλὰ παρορᾶν ἠναγκάζετο τῶν ὑπ᾽ αὐτοῦ γινομένων.

  86. The king approved of this speech, and said that he would not neglect the matter, but would thoroughly investigate it. And so for the present the audience was dissolved. But during the following days, while Apelles failed to bring any proof of his allegations, Aratus was favoured by the following combination of circumstances. While Philip was laying waste their territory, the Eleans, suspecting Amphidamus of treachery, determined to arrest him and send him in chains to Aetolia. But getting intelligence of their purpose, he escaped first to Olympia; and there, hearing that Philip was at Dyme engaged in the division of his spoils, he followed him to that town in great haste. When Aratus heard that Amphidamus had been driven from Elis and was come to Dyme, he was delighted, because his conscience was quite clear in the matter; and going to the king demanded that he should summon Amphidamus to his presence; on the ground that the man to whom the words were alleged to have been spoken would best know about the accusations, and would declare the truth; for he had become an exile from his home from Philip’s sake, and had now no hope of safety except in him. These arguments satisfied the king, who thereupon sent for Amphidamus and ascertained that the accusation was false. The result was that from that day forward his liking and respect for Aratus continually increased, while he began to regard Apelles with suspicion; though being still under the influence of his old ascendency, he was compelled to connive at many of his actions.

  [1] ὁ δ᾽ Ἀπελλῆς οὐδαμῶς ἀφίστατο τῆς προθέσεως, ἀλλ᾽ ἅμα μὲν τὸν Ταυρίωνα τὸν ἐπὶ τῶν ἐν Πελοποννήσῳ τεταγμένον διέβαλλεν, [2] οὐ ψέγων, ἀλλ᾽ ἐπαινῶν καὶ φάσκων ἐπιτήδειον αὐτὸν εἶναι μετὰ τοῦ βασιλέως ἐν τοῖς ὑπαίθροις συνδιατρίβειν, βουλόμενος ἕτερον ἐπισταθῆναι δι᾽ αὑτοῦ τοῖς ἐν Πελοποννήσῳ πράγμασι. [3] καινὸς γὰρ δή τις οὗτος εὕρηται τρόπος διαβολῆς τὸ μὴ ψέγοντας, ἀλλ᾽ ἐπαινοῦντας λυμαίνεσθαι τοὺς πέλας: [4] εὕρηται δὲ μάλιστα καὶ πρῶτον τοιαύτη κακεντρέχεια καὶ βασκανία καὶ δόλος ἐκ τῶν περὶ τὰς αὐλὰς διατριβόντων καὶ τῆς τούτων πρὸς ἀλλήλους ζηλοτυπίας καὶ πλεονεξίας. [5] ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ τὸν ἐπὶ τῆς θεραπείας τεταγμένον Ἀλέξανδρον, ὅτε λάβοι καιρόν, διέδακνε, βουλόμενος καὶ τὴν περὶ τὸ σῶμα φυλακὴν τοῦ βασιλέως δι᾽ αὑτοῦ γενέσθαι καὶ καθόλου κινῆσαι τὴν ὑπ᾽ Ἀντιγόνου καταλειφθεῖσαν διάταξιν. [6] Ἀντίγονος γὰρ καλῶς μὲν ζῶν προέστη τῆς τε βασιλείας καὶ τοῦ παιδὸς αὑτοῦ, καλῶς δὲ τὸν βίον μεταλλάττων προενοήθη πρὸς τὸ μέλλον περὶ πάντων τῶν πραγμάτων. [7] ἀπολιπὼν γὰρ διαθήκην ἔγραφε Μακεδόσιν ὑπὲρ τῶν διῳκημένων: ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ περὶ τοῦ μέλλοντος διέταξε πῶς καὶ διὰ τίνων ἕκαστα δεήσει χειρίζεσθαι, βουλόμενος μηδεμίαν ἀφορμὴν καταλιπεῖν τοῖς περὶ τὴν αὐλὴν πρὸς ἀλλήλους φιλοτιμίας καὶ στάσεως. [8] ἐν οἷς τῶν τότε συστρατευομένων αὐτὸς μὲν Ἀπελλῆς ἐν τοῖς ἐπιτρόποις ἀπελέλειπτο, Λεόντιος δ᾽ ἐπὶ τῶν πελταστῶν, Μεγαλέας δ᾽ ἐπὶ τοῦ γραμματείου, Ταυρίων δ᾽ ἐπὶ τῶν κατὰ Πελοπόννησον, Ἀλέξαν�
�ρος δ᾽ ἐπὶ τῆς θεραπείας. [9] τὸν μὲν οὖν Λεόντιον καὶ Μεγαλέαν ὑφ᾽ αὑτὸν εἶχεν ὁλοσχερῶς, τὸν δ᾽ Ἀλέξανδρον καὶ Ταυρίωνα μεταστησάμενος ἀπὸ τῆς χρείας ἔσπευδε καὶ ταῦτα καὶ τἄλλα πάντα δι᾽ αὑτοῦ καὶ διὰ τῶν ἰδίων φίλων χειρίζειν. [10] ὃ δὴ καὶ ῥᾳδίως ἂν ἐπετέλεσε μὴ παρασκευάσας ἀνταγωνιστὴν Ἄρατον αὑτῷ: νῦν δὲ ταχέως πεῖραν ἔλαβε τῆς σφετέρας ἀφροσύνης καὶ πλεονεξίας. [11] ὃ γὰρ αὐτὸς ἐπεβάλετο πρᾶξαι κατὰ τῶν πέλας, τοῦτ᾽ ἔπαθε καὶ λίαν ἐν πάνυ βραχεῖ χρόνῳ. [12] πῶς δὲ καὶ τίνι τρόπῳ τοῦτο συνέβη γενέσθαι κατὰ μὲν τὸ παρὸν ὑπερθησόμεθα καὶ καταστρέψομεν τὴν βύβλον ταύτην, ἐν δὲ τοῖς ἑξῆς πειρασόμεθα σαφῶς ὑπὲρ ἑκάστων ἐξαγγέλλειν. [13] Φίλιππος δὲ τὰ προειρημένα διαταξάμενος ἐπανῆλθεν εἰς Ἄργος, κἀνταῦθα τὴν παραχειμασίαν ἐποίει μετὰ τῶν φίλων, τὰς δὲ δυνάμεις ἀπέλυσεν εἰς Μακεδονίαν.