A Magnificent Catastrophe
Page 39
on split within Federalist Party
on Virginia’s general ticket law,
Sedition Act (1798)
attempted extension of
Jefferson’s repudiation of
passage of
prosecutions under
Ross’s support for
state legislatures’ resolutions against
XYZ Affair and
Senate, U.S.
Alien and Sedition Acts passed by
appointment by state legislatures of members of
constitutional provisions for president pro tempore of
and counting of electoral votes
Federalist loss of seats in
life tenure proposal for
monarchism and
peace convention with France ratified by
Republican caucus in
Ross Bill in
Vice President as presiding officer of
Shaw, William
Shays, Daniel
Shays’s Rebellion
Slavery
Smith, Daniel
Smith, John Cotton
Smith, Samuel
Society of the Cincinnati
South Carolina
congressional delegation of
in election of 1796
favorite-son votes for Pinckney in,
legislative appointment of electors in
Pinckney family’s political power in
slavery in
state legislative elections in
Spain
colonies of
Stamp Act (1765)
Standing army, opposition to, see also Additional Army
State Department, U.S.
States’ rights
Stockton, Richard
Supreme Court, U.S.
Tammany Society
Tariffs
British
Taxes
imposed by Britain on colonies
in pre-revolutionary France
Taxes
revolts against
see also Federalist Party, tax policies of; Townsend Duties (1768)
Taylor, John
Tennessee
Townsend Duties (1768)
Tracy, Uriah
Trenton Federalist,
Triumph of Infidelity, The (Dwight),
Troup, Robert
Trumbull, John
Trumbull, Jonathan
Unitarianism
Venetian Council
Vermont
and Jefferson-Burr deadlock
legislative election in
Sedition Act convictions in
Vidal, Gore
Vindication of the General Ticket Law, A (pamphlet)
Virginia
Adams in
antigovernment “resistance” in
colonial
congressional delegation of
direct popular voting for electors in
during Revolutionary War
in election of 1792
in election of 1796
Federalists in
Hamilton’s proposed military action against Republicans in
intellectual elite of
militia of
Monroe as governor of
ratification of U.S. Constitution by
religion in
representation in Continental Congress from
resolution against Alien and Sedition Acts in
sedition trial in
slave insurrection plot in
state legislative elections in
successive two-term presidents from
Washington, D.C., and
Washington’s holdings in
Virginia Federalist
Voltaire
War Department, U.S.
Warfield, Charles Alexander
Washington, Bushrod
Washington, D.C.
Abigail Adams’s description of
Jefferson’s arrival in
John Adams’s description of
move of national government to,
social life in
voting by residents of
Washington, George
as Additional Army commander,
death of
citizen-soldier ideal personified by
Farewell Address of
inaugural of
memorial obelisk for
presidency of
in presidential elections
religious views of
retirement of
in Revolutionary War
third term advocated for
vision of leadership of
Washington, Martha
Washington Federalist
Webster, Noah
Whiskey Rebellion
White House, see Executive Mansion Wolcott, Oliver
and Adams’s sacking of McHenry and Pickering
on conditions in Washington, D.C.
on direct voting for president
execution of Fries advocated by
and Hamilton’s letter denouncing Adams
hawkish response to XYZ Affair of
in High Federalist plot against Adams
Jefferson denounced by
Wordsworth, William
Wythe, George
XYZ Affair
Charles Cotesworth Pinckney and,
expansion of army in response to, see Additional Army
Marshall and
Sedition Act and
Yale College
Zoology, Jefferson’s study of
ILLUSTRATION CREDITS
Letters identify illustrations in the insert. The illustrations appear courtesy of the following sources:
A. Continental Congress Group: Library of Congress (LC-USZ62–14414)
B. John Jay: Library of Congress (LC-USZ62–50375)
C. Benjamin Franklin: Library of Congress (LC-USZ62–45167)
D. John Adams: Library of Congress (LC-USZ62–3992)
E. Abigail Adams: Library of Congress (LC-USZ62–10016)
F. Death of Washington: Library of Congress (LC-USZ62–3917)
G. James Madison: Library of Congress (LC-USZ62–3462)
H. James Monroe: Library of Congress (LC-USZ62–104958)
I. Anti-Federalist Cartoon: The Library Company of Philadelphia (1w/5760.F.6)
J. Thomas McKean: American Philosophical Society (M42.30.6)
K. Pennsylvania Election Broadside: Courtesy of The University of Georgia Libraries (Aurora General Advertiser)
L. George Clinton: Library of Congress (LC-USZ62–110647)
M. Alexander Hamilton: Library of Congress (LC-USZ62–48272)
N. Aaron Burr, 1792: Library of Congress (LC-USZ62–102555)
O. Charles Cotesworth Pinckney: Emmet Collection, Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs, The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations (EM 15385)
P. Thomas Pinckney: American Philosophical Society (M42.31.34)
Q. Napoleon Bonaparte: American Philosophical Society (M42.16.18)
R. Timothy Pickering: Library of Congress (LC-USZ62–47649)
S. Washington in 1801: Library of Congress (LC-USZ62–4702)
T. Advertisement for Hamilton’s Letter: Courtesy of The University of Georgia Libraries (Aurora General Advertiser)
U. Federalist Election Projection: © American Antiquarian Society (Gazette of the United States)
V. Republican Election Projection: From the collections of the Charleston Library Society (City Gazette and Daily Advertiser)
W. Jefferson Election Article: © American Antiquarian Society (The National Intelligencer)
X. United States Capitol in 1801: Library of Congress (LC-USZC4–247)
Y. Thomas Jefferson: Library of Congress (LC-USZ62–75384)
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
EDWARD J. LARSON is the author of seven books and the recipient of the 1998 Pulitzer Prize in History for his book Summer for the Gods: The Scopes Trial and America’s Continuing Debate over Scienc
e and Religion. His other books include Evolution: The Remarkable History of a Scientific Theory; Evolution’s Workshop: God and Science on the Galapagos Islands; and Trial and Error: The American Controversy Over Creation and Evolution. He has also written over one hundred articles, most of which address topics of law, science, or politics from an historical perspective, which have appeared in such varied journals as The Atlantic Monthly, Nature, Scientific American, The Nation, The Wilson Quarterly, and Virginia Law Review. Larson is a professor of history and law at Pepperdine University and lives in Georgia and California.
Photographic Insert
Idealized nineteenth-century group portrait of John Adams, Gouverneur Morris, Alexander Hamilton, and Thomas Jefferson as leaders of the Revolutionary Era Continental Congress. Although all four patriot leaders served in the Continental Congress, they did not do so at the same time.
New York Governor John Jay, a Revolutionary Era leader and Federalist supporter of John Adams.
Benjamin Franklin in frontier fur hat such as he wore while serving as American minister to France.
John Adams as President, circa 1798.
Abigail Adams as First Lady, circa 1800.
Idealized nineteenth-century painting of George Washington on his deathbed attended by his doctors, friends, and grieving wife.
Republican Party founder and leader James Madison.
Virginia Governor and Jefferson ally James Monroe.
1793 cartoon showing Thomas Jefferson leading a riotous Anti-Federalist meeting under the creed, “The People are All and we are the People.” The devil appears in the lower left corner stating, “What a pleasure it is to see ones work thrive so well.” (Courtesy of The Library Company of Philadelphia)
Pennsylvania Governor and Republican leader Thomas McKean.
Republican broadside for Pennsylvania’s gubernatorial election, October 1799.
Longtime New York Republican leader George Clinton.
Federalist Party founder and leader Alexander Hamilton, circa 1800.
Aaron Burr as a young senator, circa 1792.
General Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, circa 1800, when he was chosen by the Federalist congressional caucus to run with John Adams as their party’s candidates for President and Vice President.
American diplomat and 1796 Federalist vice presidential candidate Thomas Pinckney in his Revolutionary War uniform.
Napoleon Bonaparte shown after assuming power as First Consul of France in 1800.
Secretary of State and High Federalist leader Timothy Pickering.
Pastoral view of Washington as the nation’s new capital in 1801.
Republican newspaper advertisement for Alexander Hamilton’s 1800 letter criticizing John Adams, offered with Hamilton’s 1797 confession of adultery.
Projection of the electoral vote from Philadelphia’s Federalist Gazette of the United States on November 1, 1800. Similar projections appeared in Federalist newspapers throughout the campaign, often depicting a three-way contest between Adams, Pinckney, and Jefferson, with one of the two Federalist candidates winning the presidency. (© American Antiquarian Society)
Projection of the electoral vote from Charleston’s Republican City Gazette on October 30, 1800. Similar projections ran in Republican newspapers throughout the campaign, typically depicting the race for President as between Jefferson and Adams, with Jefferson winning by large margin.
News bulletin from the December 12, 1800, edition of Washington’s Republican National Intelligencer reporting the electoral vote from South Carolina. (© American Antiquarian Society)
United States Capitol in 1801, when the House of Representatives met there to elect the President.
Thomas Jefferson, shown with a bust of Franklin, scientific instruments, and the Declaration of Independence, circa 1801.