divine body, 30, 180, 382, 383, 390, 408
Divine Intelligence, Shakti and, 356
divine will, 335, 359
divya-deha. See divine body
divya-drishti. See clairvoyance
divya-samvid, 219
divya-sharîra. See divine body
divya-shrotra, 229
dogs, 435n. 65
dohâs, 172–173, 346
doshas, 80, 81, 296, 314, 433n. 18
doubt, 198, 201, 202, 219, 251, 355, 371, 373
drashtri, 4
Dravidians, 126
dravya, 77, 152
dreams: Fourth and, 273; Moksha-Dharma on, 198; om and, 207; Shiva-Sûtra on, 265, 269, 270, 273; Tantra and, 177, 180; Tripurâ-Sundarî and, 345; Yoga-Sûtra on, 220, 269; Yoga-Vâsishtha on, 304, 305
drig-dîkshâ, 18
drik-sthiti, 318
Drishti-Vâda-Anga, 142
drugs, 82, 92, 93, 177, 364–365. See also alcohol; herbs
dualism: gamas and, 265; Bhakti-Yoga and, 36, 39; Classical Yoga and, 4–5, 77, 198, 241, 258, 439n. 8; deities and, 4; fear and, 207; jîvan-mukti and, 341; materialism and, xxix; mental consciousness and, 93; Nature and, 4; nondualism and, 236, 408; Sâmkhya and, 75–77, 198; Self and, 4, 77; Shaivism and, 265; Vaishnavism and, 289. See also Râja-Yoga
duhkha. See pain; suffering
Durgâ, 40, 87, 344, 360
Durvâsa, 23
duty, 190, 306–307
dvandvas, 249, 296, 419, 421
dvâras, 411, 423
dvesha, 221, 241
dvesha-yoga, 38, 287
dvija, 60, 101
Dyczkowski, Mark S. G., 347
dynamism, 346, 356, 382, 390
Dyson, Freeman J., xxviii
dzogchen, 178–179
E
eagle, 114, 393. See also Garuda
ears, 353, 360, 391, 404, 412, 413. See also senses
earth, 101, 200, 201, 314, 353, 357–358, 396, 409, 415. See also elements (bhûtas)
East-West dialogue, xxix-xxx, 64–65
Eckehart, Meister, xvii, 304
Eco-Yoga, 132, 436n. 3
ecstasy (samâdhî): Absolute and, 399; ânanda- samâpatti, 252, 253; archaic consciousness and, 92; asamprajnâta-samâdhî (supraconscious ecstasy), 55, 218–219, 221, 225, 242, 252, 253, 370; âsanas and, 95; asmitâ and, 218; balance and, 29, 399, 419; bhûmis and, 431n. 9; as bindu of mind, 312; bliss and, 218, 252, 253; body and, 29–30; Buddhism and, 162; cakras and, 249, 355; Christianity and, 4; concentration and, 199, 252; conceptualization and, 370, 399, 419; consciousness and, 3; defined, xxix, 3, 225, 252–253, 370, 398–399, 419; deities and, 253; devotion and, 248; dharma- megha-samâdhi, 147, 233, 253; ego and, 254; emptiness and, 254; existence and, 252; experiences of, xvii; Gheranda- Samhitâ on, 391, 398–399; Goraksha- Paddhati on, 412, 418–420; grace and, 254; Hatha-Yoga and, 398–400; Hatha-Yoga- Pradîpikâ on, 399, 423; hypnosis and, 252; innermost center of nose and, 275; invincibility and, 419; Jainism and, 145, 147; karma and, 412; kundalinî and, 352; Laya- Yoga and, 55; liberation and, 221, 391, 398, 399, 412; Light and, 412; maithunâ and, 366; Mantra-Yoga and, 54; meditation and, 252, 370, 412, 418–419; memory and, 252; mind and, 29, 30, 312, 370, 399, 419; myths and, xxix; Nature and, 218, 253; nirânanda-samâpatti, 253; nirasmitâ-samâ- patti, 253; nirodha-samâdhi, 224; nirvicâra-samâdhi (suprareflective), 220, 253; nirvikalpa-samâdhi (formless ecstasy), 5, 55, 156, 253, 325, 358, 399; nirvitarka- samâdhi, 220, 253; nirvitarka-samâpatti (supracogitative ecstasy), 253; pain and, 370; parama-samâdhi, 151; pleasure and, xxvii, xxix, 370; prâna and, 399; prânâyâma and, 225, 249, 419; Purânas on, 298, 370; râsa-lîlâ and, 281; reflection and, 218, 220, 253; sa-ânanda-samâpatti, 253; sa-asmitâ-samâpatti, 253; sabîja-samâdhî, 220; sahaja-samâdhî, xxvi, 11, 20–21, 23, 275, 355, 370, 372, 458; samâpatti and, 253; samprajnâta-samâdhî (conscious ecstasy), 218, 221, 252, 253–254; samskâras and, 218, 220, 221, 252, 254; samyak-samâdhi, 162; savicâra-samâdhi (reflective ecstasy), 220, 253; savikalpa- samâdhi (formative ecstasy), 253; savitarka- samâpatti, 252, 253; schizophrenia and, 252; with seed, 220; Self and, 3, 254, 398–399; senses and, 252, 370, 419; Shamanism and, 94, 95, 113; Shiva-Sûtra on, 271; siddhis and, 198, 230, 367; as spiritual freedom, xxvii; states of, 252–254; Tantra and, 370–371; tapas and, 66; trance and, 252; union and, 253; Upanishads on, 206, 313, 314, 315, 318, 325, 331; Vedânta and, 370; Vedas on, 104; visualization and, 355; vitarka-samâdhi, 220; vitarka- samâpatti, 253; vrittis and, 199, 252; will and, 254; wisdom and, 218; Yoga as, 3, 6; Yoga-Sûtra on, 216, 217–221, 224, 225–226, 229, 230, 240, 241, 244, 245, 252–254; Yoga-Vâsishtha on, 304. See also concentration
education, 14–15. See also discipleship; study
egalitarianism, 60, 335, 336. See also tolerance
ego: action and, 48; Bhakti-Yoga and, 36, 39; Buddhism and, 159, 160; Classical Yoga and, 240, 241, 244; crazy wisdom and, 19, 20; delusion and, 274; discipleship and, 14; Durgâ and, 87; ecstasy (samâdhi) and, 254; emotions and, 287; experience and, 241; goal-orientation of, 7; gunas and, 223; guru and, 11; Hatha- Yoga and, 29–30, 387; identification with, 5, 11, 19; ignorance and, 241; Integral Yoga’s Supermind and, 57; Jainism and, 143; Karma-Yoga and, 48; kundalinî and, 384; magic and, 384; maithunâ and, 366; meditation and, 381; Moksha-Dharma on, 201; narcissism and, 30; Nature and, 48; nondualism and, 5, 74; power and, 384; quantum physics and, 381; Reality vs., xxvi; renunciation and, 67, 68; rishis and, 105; Sâmkhya and, 77, 240; Shaivism and, 268; siddhis and, 198–199; Sikhism and, 335, 336; spirituality and, 30; structures of consciousness and, 92–93; struggle and, 173; suffering and, 159; Tantra and, 343, 376, 378; thoughts and, 48; Upanishads on, 35, 127, 206; Vedânta and, 4; will and, 67; Yoga definition and, 3, 5, 7; Yoga-Vâsishtha on, 304–305, 306–308, 310. See also ahamkâra; asmitâ; jîva; nonself (no-self)
Egypt, 6, 99
eightfold path: of Buddhism, 157, 159, 161–163; of Classical Yoga, 208, 216, 224, 244—254, 311; Gheranda-Samhitâ on, 393, 424; Purânas on, 298, 299; Shaivism and, 265; Tiru-Mantiram on, 276; Upanishads on, 324–325, 330, 331; Vaishnavism and, 280, 281; Yoga-Shâstra on, 424; Yoga- Yâjnavalkya on, 422. See also fifteenfold path; fivefold path; sevenfold path; sixfold path
Eisai, 174
eka, 231, 419. See also Absolute (brahman)
Eka-Akshari-Sûtra, 172
ekâgratâ, 226, 250
Eka Nâth, 291
ekânta-vâsa, 324
ekatânatâ, 226, 251, 325
ekatva, 257, 309, 408
elements (bhûtas): nanda-Samuccaya on, 422; balancing, 422; cakras and, 353–354, 357–358; Dharma-Shâstras on, 209; enlightenment and, 5; five concentrations on, 396, 414, 415–416; Gheranda- Samhitâ on, 396; Goraksha-Paddhati on, 415–416; illness and, 360; kundalinî and, 55; manipulating, 271; mastery of, 422; Moksha-Dharma on, 200; prânâyâma and, 209, 358; Purânas on, 297; Sâmkhya and, 77; Self and, 35, 201, 206, 438n. 22; Shaivism and, 268, 349; Shiva-Sûtra on, 271; siddhis and, 271, 367, 368; Tantra and, 357–358; transformation of, 227; Upanishads on, 316; Vaisheshika and, 77; Yoga-Sûtra on, 227, 229, 243, 244
elephant, 100, 353, 354, 396, 412. See also Ganesha
Eliade, Mircea, 3, 8–9, 89, 93, 94, 252, 382
emotions: Bhakti-Yoga and, 36–39, 64, 192, 287, 289; Buddhism and, 162; ego and, 287; form and, 51; Jainism and, 146; Krishna and, 192; mantras and, 51; nine predominant, 289; ojas and, 67, 81; Pâshupatas and, 260; Self and, 287; Tantras on, 376; Uddhâva-Gîtâ on, 282–283; Upanishads on, 314; Yoga- Vâsishtha on, 304. See also specific emotions
emptiness: Buddhism and, 156, 157, 162, 163–166, 169, 174, 175, 178–179, 180, 346; contemplating, 424; ecstasy (samâdhi) and, 254; scriptures on, 270, 307, 318, 418, 424; source reading on, 164—166; Tantra and, 175, 178–179, 180, 343
endurance, 33, 321
enemas, 391
enemies, Vedas on, 114
energy: asceticism and, 247; cakras and, 351; consciousness and, 84; Hatha-Yoga and, 30; material c
osmos as, 17, 47; supraconscious ecstasy and, 218; ten types of, 80, 422; transmission and, 9, 16, 17; yamas and, 246. See also kundalinî-shakti; ojas; prâna; shakti; Shakti
England, India and, 64–65
enjoyment, 20, 226, 399, 434n. 50. See also joy
enlightenment. See liberation (enlightenment)
enstasy, 3
environment, 150, 199, 248, 296–297, 299, 397
Epic Age, 63, 136, 183–209
epistemology, xxix, 72
equality. See egalitarianism
equanimity, 7, 32, 151, 185, 219, 247
equilibrium. See balance
essence, 4, 169, 170. See also sphota
estates. See varna
Eternal, defined, xxv-xxvi
ether, 200, 201, 357–358, 383, 396, 402, 416. See also âkâshas (vyomans); elements (bhûtas); khecârî-mudrâ; nabho- mudrâ; space
etheric body, 132
ethics: Buddhism and, 159–160, 161; Classical Yoga and, 245–248; Hindu philosophy and, 72, 73; Jainism and, 139, 143, 145, 147, 151; Pre-Classical Age and, 184, 207–209; spirituality and, 207–208; Upanishads on, 128. See also dharma; morality; Smritis
Ever-Present Origin, The, 93
evil, 171, 175, 187, 206, 261. See also good and evil
evolution, xxx, 57, 75–77, 91–93, 135, 176, 242–244, 346, 357. See also cosmogony; creation; existence
existence: Classical Yoga levels of, 239–240, 244, 348, 350; Classical Yoga principles of, 243, 244; ecstasy (samâdhi) and, 252; Jaina categories of, 145, 153; Kashmiri Shaivism categories of, 267–268; Pre- Classical Yoga categories of, 198; Puranic categories of, 297; Sâmkhya categories of, 135, 198; Tantra and levels of, 348–355, 376; Upanishads on levels of, 135, 330; Vaisheshika categories of, 77
existentialism, 143
experience: Buddhism and, 171; Self-realization and, 130, 137, 143; Yoga and, 222, 223, 228–229, 237, 241–242, 252–253, 328, 400. See also bhoga experimentation, Yoga and, 237, 252, 328
extension (siddhi), 367
extroversion, desire and, 275
eyes, 322, 351, 353, 392, 404, 412, 413. See also gaze; senses; visualization
F
Fa-hien, 64
fainting, 407
faith, 33, 37, 58, 121, 192, 218, 283, 286, 321, 335
fasting, 71, 81, 140, 148, 151, 199, 247, 298, 406, 419
fatalism, 50, 144
fear: cakras and, 355; of death, 409, 418; dualism and, 207; existentialism and, 143; Formless Path and, 181; ignorance and, 170, 204; karma and, 143; liberation and, 38, 132, 143, 320, 420; Moksha-Dharma on, 198, 204; mudra of fearlessness, 176; Purânas on, 299; separateness and, 159; transcendence and, 7, 8; Upanishads on, 315
feeling. See emotions
feet, 37, 60
female hormonal secretions. See rajas
feminine principle, 64, 163, 344. See also anima; shakti
fertility, 100–101, 120, 353
fiery body, 145
fifteenfold path, 318
fig tree, 100, 156
fire: antar-dhauti and, 391; asceticism and, 66, 95, 247; bhûta-shuddhi and, 357–358; cakras and, 353; city of, 403; concentration upon, 396, 415; Dharma-Shâstras on, 209; Goraksha-Paddhati on, 410, 411, 412, 415, 417, 420; Indra and, 106, 108; Jainism and, 148; kundalinî and, 405, 411; light and, 320, 322; mandalas and, 177; nâdîs and inner, 404, 410, 422; navel and, 413, 415; om and, 409; prânâyâma and, 411, 412; purification and, 209, 410; purity and, 184; sacrificial, 66 (see also fire ritual); Self and, 194—195, 423; Shamanism and, 94, 95; Shiva and, 84; of spiritual practice, 14; tumo and, 95, 180; Uddhava-Gîtâ on, 283, 284; Vedas on, 118, 119, 434n. 47; Vrâtyas and, 121; Yoga of, 405. See also agni; Agni; elements (bhûtas); tumo
fire altars, 97–98, 100, 101, 105, 124–125
fire ritual, 70, 71, 101, 103, 124, 125, 283, 284, 435n. 1
fish. See Luipâ; entries beginning with matsya
fivefold path, Mantra-Yoga and, 53
Five K’s, 334
Five M’s, 262, 348, 364–365, 366, 373–374, 378. See also maithuna
food, 71, 84, 132, 133, 283, 284, 285, 351, 378. See also diet
fools, holy, 19–25, 330
ford-makers, 139–140, 147, 152
forehead, as âdhâra, 402, 420
forest dwellers, 69, 70, 71, 125, 126, 151, 283–286, 319, 431n. 42
forgiveness, 198
form, 5–6, 51, 160, 162, 165–166, 390
Formless Path, 181
Fourth, the, 5, 104, 207, 270, 273, 275, 297, 305, 430n. 6, 431n. 9
Frawley, David, 80, 104–105
freedom, xxvii, 162, 187, 304. See also liberation (enlightenment)
free will. See will
friendliness, 219, 228
frog, 393, 396
future: perceiving the, 78, 209, 227, 297; Yoga-Sûtra on, 227, 231
Future of the Body, The, 368
G
gaganas. See âkâshâs (vyomans)
Gahini Nâtha, 387, 388
Gana-Kârikâ, 260
Gânapatyas, 187
gandharvas, 109, 114
Gandhi, Mahatma, 49, 50, 188
Ganesha, 86–87, 128, 187, 188, 360, 433n. 22
Ganesh-Gîtâ, 279
Ganges River, 62, 63, 65–66, 84, 97
Garbe, Richard, 188
garbha, 117, 271, 420, 431n. 40
Gârgya Bâlâki, 133
gârhastya. See householders
Garland of Letters, The, 359
Garuda, 265, 298
Garuda-Purâna, 296, 298
gates: nine, 411, 423; seven, 313, 315
gatis, 170, 437n. 21
Gauda Abhinanda, 303
Gaudapâda, 7, 171, 206–207, 235, 438n. 28. See also Mândûkya-Kârikâ
Gaudîya lineage, 292
Gautama the Buddha, xxx, 16, 60, 86, 92, 93, 155–157, 175, 208. See also Buddha; Buddha-Carita; Buddhism
gâyatrî-mantra, 130, 131, 171, 209, 313, 314, 438n. 29. See also ajapâ-gâyatrî- mantra
gaze, 18, 84, 395, 396, 416, 417
Gebser, Jean, 92–93
Gelugs, 179
gender, xix, 140–141, 261, 335. See also women
genealogies, 296
ghantikâ, 402, 417, 420. See also râja-danta
ghata-avasthâ, 424
ghee, 103, 420
Gheranda-Samhitâ, 369, 390–399, 423–424, 442n. 12
Ghora, 131, 140
ghosts, 437n. 21
Gîtâ-Bhâshya, 437n. 9
Gitâ-Govinda, 279, 287–288
Gîtâs, 279. See also specific Gîtâs
Gîtâ-Tatparya, 437n. 9
glance. See gaze
glossary, 453–460
gnosis, 31, 35, 74, 125, 126, 191, 197, 240, 276, 329. See also understanding; wisdom
Gnosticism, 4, 261, 382
gnostics. See jnânins
go, 106, 287
goat, 434n. 49, 435n. 63
Gobind Singh, 334
God: lvârs and, 280–281; attraction to, 8; Bhagavad-Gîtâ on, 190–192, 195–196; Bhakti-Yoga and, 36, 37, 38–39, 40, 41, 43–46; body and, 372, 384, 390; Buddhism and, 159; defined, xxv-xxvi; deities and, 83; existentialism and, 143; guru as, 11, 12–14, 15, 16; Hindu philosophy and, 72, 73; Jainism and, 145; Jnâna- Yoga and, 31, 32; Kâpâlikas and, 262; Karma-Yoga and, 49; keshins and, 113; Lingâyatas and, 263–264; Lord vs., 248; love and, 192; Mîmâmsâ and, 73; Nature and, 136–137; nondualism and, xxvi; Nyâya and, 78; Pâshupâtas and, 260–261; Pre-Classical Yoga and, 198; Purânas on, 299; Râja-Yoga and, 29; Sâmkhya and, 60, 198, 240; Sikhism and, 333, 334, 335, 336, 337; Tantra and, 366, 372, 373; technology and, xxviii; Upanishads on, 136–137, 326; Vaishnavism and, 280–281, 292–293; Vedas on, 116, 118, 121; Yoga- Sûtra on, 78, 219, 224, 225, 240; Yoga- Vâsishtha on, 304, 308, 310. See also Absolute (brahman); Divine; Eternal; Lord; Reality; Self (transcendental); Supreme Being; Unconditional
Goddesses, 87–88, 344–346; assimilating life force of, 358;
cakras and, 353, 354; Great Wisdoms, 87–88, 344–345; as Mother, 344; Purâna on, 88, 287, 296, 299, 433n. 23; Shaktism and, 40, 187, 267, 342; sixty-four yoginîs, 7, 430n. 8; Tantra and, 342, 343, 344–346; Upanishad on, 339; Vedic worship of, 100–101, 103, 113, 118. See also deities; shakti; Shakti; specific Goddesses
God-realization, xxv-xxvii, xxviii-xxix. See also liberation (enlightenment)
Gods. See Brahma; deities; Goddesses; Shiva; Vishnu; other specific Gods
Golden Creator, 124
Golden Germ, 103, 214
Golden Temple, 334, 335, 337
Gomateshvara, 141
go-mukha, 71, 280, 393
good and evil, 187, 310, 336, 439n. 8. See also evil
Goodman, Felicitas, 95
Go-Patha-Brâhmana, 124
Gopîcandra, 386, 387, 388–389
gopîs, 38, 41, 187, 280–281, 282, 293
Gorakh-Bodh, 421
goraksha-âsana, 100, 393
Goraksha Nâtha, 290, 383, 384, 385, 386, 387, 388, 389, 390, 400–421, 442n. 9. See also Siddha-Siddhânta-Paddhati; Yoga- Bija
Goraksha-Paddhati, 331, 400–420
Goraksha-Samhitâ, 348, 400
Goraksha-Shataka, 400, 443n. 24
Goraksha-Siddhânta-Samgraha, 443n. 39
Goraksha-Upanishad, 421
Goraksha-Vacana-Samgraha, 381, 421
Gosala, Makkhali, 142, 144
Gosvâmin, Jîva, 37, 292
Gosvâmin, Rûpa, 37
Goswami, Shyam Sundar, 54
Govinda, 206, 235
Govinda, Anagarika, 172, 239
grace: Buddhism and, 169, 174; ecstasy (samâdhi) and, 254; guru and, 9, 11, 19, 359, 389, 421; Integral Yoga and, 58; Jnâna-Yoga and, 32; liberation and, 135, 136, 137, 248, 260; Lingâyata meditation and, 264; mantras and, 359; negative emotions and, 38; niyamas and, 248; Purânas on, 297; sacrifice and, 344; Shaivism and, 276; Siddha-Siddhânta- Paddhati on, 421; Sikhism and, 336; Single Cow and, 110; Yoga and, 248
gracefulness, 229
grain, parched, 364, 373
granthis, 147, 355, 371, 390, 423
Great Wisdoms, 87–88, 344–345
greed, 146, 198, 202, 209, 246
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