karma-âshaya, 222, 242
karma-indriyas, 268
karmana-sharîra, 144
Karma-Paddhati, 81, 393
Karma-Prâbhrita, 142
Karma-Yoga, 47–51; Bhagavad-Gîtâ on, 49, 50, 189, 191; Buddhism and, 168; Buddhi-Yoga and, 31; caste system and, 208; described, 47–51, 456; “easiness” of, 49; Hiranyagarbha and, 215; ideal of, 33, 48, 51, 94, 189; Jnâna-Yoga and, 50, 68; kriyâ-yoga and, 221; naishkarmya-karman and, 379; Râmânuja and, 289; Râmâyana and, 185; Sikhism and, 335; Upanishads on, 331; Yoga-Shâstra on, 424; Yoga-Vâsishtha on, 50
Karpura-Manjari, 389
karunâ. See compassion
Kashâya-Prâbhrita, 142–143
kashâyas. See kleshas
Kashmir, Jesus and, 430n. 7
Kashmiri Shaivism, 265, 267–275, 323, 347, 349, 430n. 28
Kashyapa, 296, 434n. 41
Kâthaka-Brâhmana, 124
Kathâ-Sârit-Sâgara, 250–251
Kathâ-Upanishad, 54, 127, 134–136, 436n. 7
Kâtyâyanî, 10
kaula, defined, 385
Kaula-Jnâna-Nirnaya, 348, 385
Kaulism, 21, 347–348, 385. See also Kaula- Jnâna-Nirnaya; Kula-Arnava-Tantra
Kaundinya, 260, 261, 277. See also Sambandhar
Kauravas, 63, 186, 187, 190, 197
Kaushika, 23
Kaushîtaki-ranyaka, 125
Kaushîtaki-Brâhmana, 124, 125
Kaushîtaki-Upanishad, 125, 127, 133
Kautsa, 105
kavacas, 53, 172, 347. See also protection
kavis, 414
kâya-kalpa, 67, 81
kâya-sâdhana, 81, 258, 383
kâya-sankhâra, 162
kâya-utsarga, 150-151
Kedâra, 331
Kena-Upanishad, 125, 127, 133
Keshin, 140, 141
keshins, 104, 113–114
keshî-sûkta. See “Hymn of the Long-hair”
kevala-kumbhaka, 55, 397, 398
kevalins, 147, 150
Keyserling, Hermann von, 188
khândas, 336
khecara, 415
khecârî-mudrâ, 271, 276, 317, 329, 354, 385, 391, 395, 407, 424
Khuddaka-Nikâya, 158
killing, Buddhism and, 161
kindness, 286. See also compassion
Kirana, 265
Kirlian photography, 351
kîrtana. See chanting
kleshas: Bhakti-Yoga and, 38, 39; Buddhism and, 169, 172, 177; Jainism and, 145, 147, 150, 151; serpent lord and, 214; Tantra and, 177; Upanishads on, 137; Yoga- Bhâshya on, 214; Yoga-Sûtra on, 219, 221–222, 233; Yoga-Vâsishtha on, 306
Knee of Listening, The (Da Free John), xvi
knots. See granthis
knowledge: of the Absolute, 11, 35–36; action vs., 74; Anuyoga-Dvâra-Sûtra on, 141; Buddhism and, 166; cosmic, 228; of death, 228; Goraksha-Paddhati on, 405; guru-disciple relationship and, 10; initiation and, 18; Jainism and, 143, 144, 153; liberation and, 274; limitation of, 272; mind and, 36; perception and, 217, 227; psychospiritual technology and, xxviii; Purânas on, 299, 301; of Reality, 422; Shaivism and, 267, 269, 270, 271, 272, 349; Sikhism and, 336; Single Cow and, 110; subtle, 228–229; Tantras on, 371; wisdom vs., 272; Yoga-Sûtra on, 217, 221, 228–229, 251; Yoga-Vâsishtha on, 304. See also gnosis
koshas, 132, 144–145, 350, 420
krama-mukti, 330
Krama Shaivism, 265
Kramrisch, Stella, 12
kri-kâra, 351, 404
kripâ. See grace
Krishna: on action, 47–48; lvârs and, 280–281; Arjuna and, 38, 68, 106, 136, 186–196, 305–310, 320; Bhagavad-Gîtâ on, 31, 38, 68, 136, 186–196, 320; bhakti and, 40, 192, 196; Brahma-Samhitâ on, 279; Buddhi-Yoga and, 31; described, 86, 282; dharma and, 32; Ghora and, 131; Gîtâ-Govinda and, 287–288; the Goddess and, 344; gopîs and, 38, 41, 187, 280–281, 282, 293; Hari-Vamsha and, 186; Hatha-Yoga and, 384; heart and, 192; illustrations of, 40, 48, 187; as ishta-devata, 225; kali-yuga and, 343; Karma-Yoga and, 49; last message of, 282–286; love and, 40, 192, 196; Mîrâ Bâî and, 293; Purânas on, 281–283; Râdhâ and, 287–288, 291; siddhis of, 367; Uddhâva- Gîta and, 282–286; Upanishads on, 130–131; Vaishnavas and, 40; Varâha and, 133; as Vâsudeva, 432n. 13; Vedas on, 131; Vishnu as, 185, 187, 191, 193–195, 281–283; Yoga-Vâsishtha on, 305–310
Krishna, Gopi, xvi, 356, 357, 366
Krishna Caitanya, 289
Krishnâcârya, 389–390
Krishna Consciousness movement, 292
Krishna Dvaipâyana. See Vyâsa
Krishnamacharya, T. S., 30, 288
Krishnânanda, 368
Krishna-Yajur-Veda, 133, 206
kriyâ-dîkshâ, 17
kriyâs, 176, 392, 409, 424. See also action; purification; ritual
Kriyâ-Samgraha-Panjikâ, 17
kriyâ-shakti, 260
kriyâ-yoga, 28, 50, 216, 221–226, 331, 456
Kriyâ-Yoga-Sâra, 297
kshamâ/kshânti. See patience
kshatriya estate, 9, 60, 86, 101, 106, 120, 133, 145, 434n. 31
Kshemarâja, 265, 272, 274, 347
kshetra-jna, 200, 201, 203, 297
Kshurikâ-Upanishad, 80, 94, 128, 311, 323, 326–328, 355
Kubjîka (Goddess), 113
Kubjikâ-Mata-Tantra, 348
Kubjikâ tradition, 348
kula, defined, 456
Kula-Arnava-Tantra: on âsanas, 395; on body, 382, 390; described, 342, 348, 369; on disciples, 16; on Five M’s, 364, 374, 378; on gurus, 11–12, 430n. 29; on initiation, 16, 17–18, 359; on mantras, 359; source reading from, 369–379; Yoga definition in, 372, 395
Kumâra, 5
Kumâra, 265
Kumârajîva, 164
Kumârî, 270
Kumârila Bhatta, 73
kumbhaka, 55, 314, 324, 397–398
KundaKunda, 142, 145–146, 151
kundala, 337
kundalinî. See kundalinî-shakti
kundalinî-shakti, 355–357; Agni and, 83; awakening of, 356–357, 384, 390, 398, 404, 405, 410, 411, 421, 423, 424; band- has and, 317, 417–418; buddhi-yoga and, 405; cakras and, 353, 355, 357–358, 416, 421; described, 299, 328, 355–357, 405, 421; Devî as, 345; diet and, 406; ecstasy (samâdhi) and, 352; ego and, 384; elements and, 55, 357–358; fasting and, 406; fire and, 405, 411; Ganesha and, 87; Goraksha legends and, 386; Goraksha- Paddhati on, 405–406, 408, 411, 416, 417–418; granthis and, 355; guru and, 290; Hatha-Yoga and, 31, 328, 329, 353, 356, 390, 405—406, 423; ignorance and, 406; illustrated, 55; Jnâneshvarî on, 290; kânda and, 405; Kubjikâ and, 113; kula and akula, 385, 421; Laya-Yoga and, 54, 55, 268; liberation and, 328, 329, 406; light and, 321, 356; mantras and, 405; mind and, 358, 405; Nârâyâna Tîrtha and, 236; pain and, 356; popularization of, xvi; prâna and, 316, 352, 356, 405—406, 411; prânâyâma and, 397; rajas and, 408; Self and, 358, 398; Shakti and, 352, 356, 385; Shiva and, 84, 385; Shiva-Samhitâ on, 424; Siddha-Siddhânta-Paddhati on, 421; siddhis and, 421; Sikhism and, 337; sin and, 321, 411; sushumnâ-nâdî and, 124, 275, 321, 352, 356, 357–358, 405, 418; Tantra and, 299, 316, 342, 345, 352–353, 355–357; transmutation and, 275, 353; Upanishads on, 317, 319, 321, 328–329, 330, 331; Vedas on, 113; veiling power of, 431n. 44; videha-mukti and, 329; Western science and, 249, 351; Yoga-Bîja on, 421; Yoga-Yâjnavalkya on, 422; as yoginî- jnâna-mudrâ, 418. See also shakti; Shakti
Kundalinî-Yoga: Bhogar on, 384; body and, 399; defined, 337, 357, 456; Hatha-Yoga and, 28, 399; kundalinî awakening and, 356; Lallâ and, 269; Shaivism and, 267; Shamanism and, 95; Sikhism and, 337; Tantra and, 28; Upanishads on, 311–312, 317, 328–331; Yoga-Vâsishtha and, 304
Kunleg, Drukpa, 21, 22, 23
kûrma, 351, 403; âsana, 280, 393; mudrâ, 362; nâdî, 228. See also tortoise
Kûrma, 85
Kûrma-Purâna, 40, 295, 298
Kuruka Nâtha, 288
Kurukshetra, 331
Kuticakas, 71
L
laghiman. See levitation
Laghu-Yoga-Vâsishta, 303
Laghvî, 236
Lâkinî, 353
Lakshmana, 184
Lakshmanjoo, Swami, 347, 348
Lakshmî, 86, 88, 133, 261, 360, 364
Lakshmî Ma, 292
lakshyas, 325, 420, 421, 443n. 23
Lakulîsha, 259–260, 261, 263
lalanâ-cakra, 354
Lalitâ Tripurâ-Sundarî. See Tripurâ-Sundarî
Lalitâ-Vistara, 156
Lallâ-Vâkya, 269
lam, 353
lama myonpa. See crazy wisdom
lambika-yoga, 414
lam rim, 179
language: inadequacy of, 130, 161, 162, 252; objectification and, 6, 161; twilight, 366. See also books
Lankâ-Avatâra-Sûtra, 163, 171
Lao Tzu, xxx, 92
laughter, 260, 282, 289
lauli (lauliki), 392
law, 168, 184, 207-209. See also dharma; Dharma-Shâstras; Dharma-Sûtras; Smritis
laya, defined, 54, 456
Laya-Yoga, 15, 28, 54–55, 268–269, 329, 400, 424, 456
laziness, 219
legal literature. See law
Leggett, Trevor, 235
levitation, 229, 367, 398, 411
libation sacrifice, 418
liberation (enlightenment): Absolute and, 369; action and, 48, 50, 127, 185–186, 304, 306–308; nanda-Samuccaya on, 422; âsanas and, 372, 402; asceticism and, 70, 341; authentic spirituality and, 28; yur-Veda and, 80; balance and, 390; bandhas and, 406; Bhairavî and, 345; bhakti and, 41; bodhisattva ideal and, 167, 168; body and, xxix, 30, 382–383, 390; Buddhism and, 159, 161, 162, 165, 166, 167–168, 169, 170, 346; Buddhi-Yoga and, 31; concentration and, 371; creation and, 273; defined, xxvi, 5, 129–130, 137, 254, 289, 305, 341; devotion and, 248, 282–283; disembodied (see videha-mukti); ecstasy (samâdhi) and, 221, 391, 398, 399, 412; elements and, 5; enjoyment and, 20; evolution and, xxvi-xxvii; existentialism and, 143; experience and, 130, 137, 143, 254; fear and, 38, 132, 143, 320, 420; gate of, 313; of Gautama the Buddha, 156; Gheranda-Samhitâ on, 391; Gîtâs on, 191–192, 285; Goraksha- Paddhati on, 401, 406, 412, 417, 419–420; grace and, 135, 136, 137, 248, 260; gunas and, 222, 223; guru and, 9, 19; Hatha-Yoga and, 30, 382–383, 390, 399; hatred and, 38, 287; heart and, 289, 371; as human goal, 207; immortality equals, 130, 137; impulse toward, xxv-xxvii, 16, 32, 130, 133, 148, 167, 241–242, 245, 305; ineffability of, xxviii-xxix; involution and, 222; Jainism and, 141, 143, 144, 145, 146–147, 148, 149, 153; Jnâna-Yoga and, 31, 32, 33; Kâpâlikas and, 262; karma and, 144, 371; Karma-Yoga and, 50; knowledge and, 274; kundalinî and, 406; light and, 30, 320; living (see jîvan-mukti); Lord and, 282; love and, 30, 192; Mândûkya-Kârikâ on, 207; mantras and, 358, 405; Mantra-Yoga and, 54; meditation and, 371, 4.17; merit/demerit and, 403; Mîmâmsâ and, 73; mind and, 34–36, 93, 136, 242; Moksha-Dharma on, 203, 204–205; morality and, 207–208; mudrâs and, 407; Nature and, xxvi, 222, 223, 232, 240; niyamas and, 204–205, 372; nondualism and, 4, 20, 74; Nyâya and, 78; objects and, 254, 274; paradox of, 20, 162, 176, 254; parama-hamsas and, 325; Pâshupâtas and, 260–261, 439n. 4; peace and, 459;prâna and, 273, 275; prânâyâ- ma and, 81; Purânas on, 297, 298; Râja- Yoga and, 29; Râmâyana on, 185; Reality and, xvii, xxvi, 5, 260, 417, 419–420; rebirth and, 273; renunciation and, 70, 71, 130, 341; Sâmkhya and, 31, 77; sat-sanga and, 15; Self and (see Self [transcendental], identification with); senses and, 5; sexuality and, 38, 245; Shamanism and, 95; Shiva and, 84; Shiva-Samhitâ on, 424; Shiva-Sûtra on, 273–275; siddhis and, 367; Sikhism and, 336; sushumnâ-nâdî and, 206; Tantra and, 20, 342–343, 369–379, 382–383, 399; temporary, 254; types of, 254, 282, 305, 317; union and, 342; unique significance of, xvii; Upanishads on, 126, 127, 129–130, 183–184, 206, 313, 315, 317, 318, 319, 321, 325, 328, 329, 330, 341; Vaisheshika and, 77; Vaishnavism and, 282–283, 285, 289, 291; Vedânta and, 5, 20, 130, 254; Vedic Proto-Yoga and, 110; visions and, 137; wisdom and, 50, 127, 185–186, 304, 306–308, 342–343; yamas and, 372; Yoga-Bhâshya on, 211; Yoga-Sûtra on, 8, 211, 216, 230–233, 254, 258, 439n. 8; Yoga-Vâsishtha on, 303, 305, 308–309. See also God-realization; kaivalya; sahaja-samâdhi
Life Divine, The, 56
life force. See apâna; kundalinî-shakti; prâna; shakti, Shakti; vyâna
life stages. See stages of life
light/Light: Aghorîs and, 263; Agni and, 83; blue pearl and, 320; consciousness and, 232; contemplation of, 398; death and, 180, 181, 320; dissolving body into, 384; divine body and, 382; ecstasy (samâdhi) and, 412; enlightenment and, 30, 320; fire and, 320, 322; Goraksha-Paddhati on, 403, 409, 417, 443n. 34; Indra and, 107; inner, 320; kundalinî and, 321, 356; lakshya and, 421; Moksha-Dharma on, 200; nâdîs and, 352, 355; ojas and, 95; om and, 409; Purânas on, 297; Reality and, 320; Self and, 232; Shiva and Shakti as, 346; Shiva-Sûtra on, 272, 273; siddhas and, 383; Sikhism and, 336; Soma and, 111; surrender and, 320; transcendental, 320, 325; Upanishads on, 311, 320–325; Vedas on, 34, 102, 104, 110–111, 116, 434n. 43, 434n. 45; Yoga-Sûtra on, 229. See also sun
Lilly, John, xxvii, 250
lineage, 17, 27–28
linga: cakras and, 355; defined, 84, 298, 456; Goraksha-Paddhati on, 403; illustrated, 83, 265; Kâlabhairava and, 295; kundalinî, and, 356; Linga-Purâna on, 298; Lingâyatas and, 263–264; Shiva and, 84, 133, 298, 355, 403; Upanishads on, 133; Vedic era and, 101; yoni and, 84, 403
linga-mâtra, 243, 244
Linga-Purâna, 296, 298
Lingâyatas, 263–264
lion, 84, 262, 393, 412
listening, 33, 37, 299
livelihood, 161, 335
locks. See bandha
logic, 71, 73, 78, 142, 169. See also Nyâya
logos, 359
Lohâmudrâ, 82
Lohipâda, 346
loka. See space
loka-samgraha: defined, 190–191, 278. See also world welfare
loka-uttara-magga. See eightfold path
Lokâyata, 72
longevity: ahimsâ and, 245; amrita and, 414; yur-Veda and, 79; bhûta-samatâ and, 422; Dhumâvatî and, 345; Goraksha- Paddhati on, 406, 409, 413, 414; karma and, 144; kâya-kalpa and, 67, 81; kâya- sâdhana and, 81; khecârî-mudrâ and, 395; lambikâ-yoga and, 414; mahâ-mudrâ and, 406; mûla-bandha and, 409; ojas and, 81; prâna and apâna and, 414; Siddha tradition and, 81–82
Lord: Absolute vs., 248; devotion to, 219, 224, 225, 246, 247–248, 281–283, 308, 330; dualism and, 248; Gîtâs on, 190–196, 283–286; Hindu philosphy and, 72; Jainism and, 145; Judeo-Christian God vs., 248; liberation and, 282; Lingâyatas and, 263–264; as Maheshvara, 297; Nature and, 136–137; om and, 219; Pâshupâtas and, 260–261; Pre-Classical Yoga and, 198; Purânas on, 277, 281, 297; Râja-Yoga and, 29; Shaivism and, 267, 278, 349; siddhis and, 367; Tantras on, 369–379; Upanishads on, 136–137, 321, 330; Yoga and, 248; Yoga-Bhâshya on, 248; Yoga-Sûtra on, 219, 224, 225, 240; Yoga-Vâsishtha on, 307, 308. See also Divine; God; Krishna; Self (transcendental)
lordship (siddhi), 368
lotus, 177, 350–351, 430n. 27, 432n. 12. See also âsanas, padma-âsana
love: Bhakti-Yoga and, 36–37, 38–39, 40, 41; bhâva and, 289–290; cakras and, 355; discipleship and, 16; God and, 192; Krishna and, 40, 192, 196; kundalinî and, 356; language and, 6; liberation and, 30, 192; as moral precept, 246; Purânas on, 299; Self and, 196; Shaivism and, 276–277, 278; Shakti as, 356; significance of, xvii; Sikhism and, 334, 335; Tantras on, 377; Vaishnavism and, 280–281, 282–283, 287–293; Vedas on, 114; Yoga- Vâsishtha on, 308. See also bhakti, compassion; râsa-lîlâ
Lozowick, Lee, 292
lucid dreaming, 180
lucidity, 252, 431n. 9
Luipâ, 383, 385
lunar disk, 410
lunar dynasty, 208
lunar process, 422. See also moon
lust, 198. See also pleasure
lying. See truthfulness
M
mac-citta, 31
macrocosm. See cosmos
&nb
sp; Mâdhava, 236, 261–262
Madhurâja Yogin, 267
Madhva, 289, 292, 437n. 9
madhya-mârga, 157
Mâdhyamika Buddhism, 169, 436n. 19
Mâdhyamika-Kârika, 169
madness, 19–25, 66, 263, 289, 292, 304
madya, 364, 373–374
Mâgha, 438n. 7
magic: asceticism and, 28, 67, 387; black, 359, 368; Brâhmanas on, 124; Buddhism and, 157, 158, 178; ego and, 384; Gautama the Buddha and, 157; Hatha- Yoga and, 30; Kaksha-Pûta-Samhitâ on, 389; Kânphatas and, 386, 387; Kâpâlikas and, 261; magical flight, 415; mantras and, 51, 52, 358, 359, 368, 419, 433n. 8; Nâthas and, 384, 386; Nature and, 30; Râma and, 185; shat-karmans, 368; Siddha movement and, 383, 384; siddhis and, 28, 67, 95, 367, 368; Tantra and, 28, 178, 342, 344, 347, 367, 368; transcendence vs., 67, 95; Vedas on, 114, 115, 118, 120, 121, 435nn. 60, 67; visualization and, 368; Vrâtyas and, 120, 121; yantras and, 364, 368, 419; yogins and, 95. See also Shamanism
magical consciousness, 92–93
magical thinking, 346
magnification, 367
mahâ-âkâsha, 322, 325
mahâ-âtmans, 135, 148, 171
Mahâbhârata, 186–205; on ahimsâ, 245; Anu-Gîtâ in, 187, 197, 279; arranger of, 123, 186, 234–235; on asceticism, 65–67; on concentration, 251; date of, 62, 63, 183, 186; described, 63, 123, 186–192, 198, 234–235, 259; on disciples, 14; Hari- Vamsha and, 186, 281; kali-yuga and, 343; memorization of, 128; Moksha- Dharma and, 187, 197–205; on Pancarâtra tradition, 39; on renunciation, 70; on Self, 245; on sense-restraint, 250; source readings from, 192–196, 200–205; Sushruta in, 79; Vedas and, 63, 186, 264; Vyâsa and, 66, 123, 186, 234–235; Yoga definition in, 6. See also Bhagavad-Gîtâ
The Yoga Tradition Page 98