Fort Harrison, 379
Fort Henry, 299
Fort Moultrie, 264, 273, 297
Fort Pickens, 294, 295–96
Fort Pillow, 377
Fort Snelling, 219
Fort Stevens, 377
Fort Sumter, 264, 273, 277, 290–98
Fox, Gustavus, 293–94, 295–96, 304
Fox, Virginia Woodbury, 296
Frankfort Commonwealth, 368
Freedmen’s Bureau, 390–91
Free Soil Party, 136, 145, 193, 208, 224
Frelinghuysen, Theodore, 182
Frémont, Jessie Benton, 216
Frémont, John
background of, 215–16
Civil War, 324–27, 330–31, 375
election of 1856, 215–16, 217–18, 221, 254, 270
election of 1864, 374, 379
Frémont Emancipation, 324–27, 330–31
French and Indian War, 293
Fugitive Slave Act, 179, 180–81, 188, 190, 207–8, 265
fugitive slaves, 111, 157, 166, 176
“gag rule,” 97
Gaines, John, 142
Garfield, James, 412
Garrison, William Lloyd, 265
General Order No. 1, 317
General Orders No. 11, 332–36
Gettysburg Address (1863), 345–53, 390, 391
Giddings, Joshua, 120–21, 124, 130–31, 132, 236, 241, 243, 247
Gillespie, Joseph, 107, 232
Graham, Mentor, 40, 41
Grant, Ulysses S., 376–77, 378–79
Battle of Chattanooga, 353
General Orders No. 11, 332–36
Hampton Roads Conference, 386–88
Lincoln’s visit to City Point, 393–95
Mexican War, 332, 362–63, 365
presidency of, 419
promotion to general-in-chief, 362–67, 377
surrender of Lee, 399, 406
Gray, Thomas, 21–22
Great Debates of 1858, 230–47
first debate, 233–34
second debate, 234–37
fourth debate, 237–38
fifth debate, 238
sixth debate, 238–39
seventh debate, 240–44
Great Reaper Trial, 2, 161–62
Great Southern Mail, 122–23
Greeley, Horace, 113, 255, 273, 287, 290, 401
Green, Bowling, 42–43, 48, 54, 57, 74
Green, Duff, 120, 132–33
Greene, William, 42
Grier, Robert, 219
Grigsby, Aaron, 22
Grigsby, Billy, 22
Grigsby, Charles, 22
Grigsby, Nathaniel, 22, 24–25
Grigsby, Reuben, 22
Grigsby, Sarah Lincoln, 11, 12, 22
Grigsby, William, 154
Grimshaw, William, 20–21
Grundy, Felix, 96
Gurley, John, 334
Gurley, Phineas, 410
habeas corpus, 5, 298–302
Habeas Corpus Suspension Act of 1863, 302
Hackett, James, 154
Hall, Dominick, 300
Halleck, Henry, 309–10, 332–35, 362–63, 364, 366
Hamilton, Alexander, 27–28, 337
Hamlet (Shakespeare), 154, 347, 398–99
Hamlin, Hannibal, 132, 136, 259, 389–90, 400–401
Hammett, William, 90
Hampton Roads Conference, 385–87, 389
Hanks, Dennis, 11–16, 21, 24, 25, 38, 41
Hanks, John, 12, 14
Hardin, John J., 81, 82, 83, 108–10, 112, 125, 169, 226
Harper’s Ferry, Virginia, 214
Harper’s Weekly, 256
Harris, Clara, 406
Harris, Ira, 322
Harrison, William Henry
election of 1840, 71–73, 78, 88, 90–91, 132, 262, 285
Inaugural Address, 100, 114n
presidency of, 94, 98, 107, 144, 164, 254, 313, 400
Harvard College, 124, 263
Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 17, 424
Hay, John, 154, 271, 307, 308, 322, 351–52, 377, 424
Hayne, Robert, 228, 272, 278, 348, 349
Henry, Anson G., 143
Herndon, John Rowland, 41
Herndon, William, 19, 122, 140
biography of Lincoln, 58, 107, 149, 150, 151, 155, 205, 260, 337, 340–41, 403, 420–21
law partnership with Lincoln, 2, 86, 148, 155, 156–60
political career of Lincoln, 205, 208–9, 255
Hicks, Thomas, 273–74
Hill, Samuel, 56
History of the Life and Death, A (Weems), 17–19
History of the United States (Grimshaw), 20–21
Hodges, Albert, 368
Holmes, Oliver Wendell, 377
Holzer, Harold, 251, 274, 415
Hood, Thomas, 401–2
Hooker, Joseph, 345
House Committee on Post Offices and Roads, 123
House-Divided Speech (1858), 227–30, 250
House of Representatives, U.S., 2, 27, 33, 81, 111–13, 118, 140–41
Clay in, 30, 33
election of 1842, 81, 82, 83
election of 1844, 83
election of 1846, 95, 108–11
Thirtieth Congress, 119–32
House Ways and Means Committee, 97, 173
Howard, Oliver, 412
Howard University, 412
Hubbard, Gurdon, 60–61
humility, 19, 49–50
Hunter, Robert, 385, 387–88
Hurlbut, Stephen, 293–94
Illinois and Michigan Canal, 60–61
Illinois Central Railroad, 158, 252
Illinois drought, 65
Illinois House of Representatives, 47, 59–61, 107, 205, 206
court-packing plan, 78–80
election of 1832, 47, 48–52
election of 1834, 56–58
election of 1836, 61
election of 1838, 64–68
election of 1854, 205
Lincoln’s departure, 81
“Long Nine,” 62–63
Illinois Peace Democrat, 385
Illinois Republican Party, 7, 204, 206, 207, 209–11, 226–28, 246, 256
Illinois Senate election of 1855, 203–4, 212
Illinois Senate election of 1858, 224, 226–28, 244, 245, 247
Illinois’s Seventh District, 111–13, 118, 140–41
election of 1842, 81, 82, 83
election of 1844, 83
election of 1846, 95, 108–11
Thirtieth Congress, 119–32
Illinois State Journal, 200
Illinois Supreme Court, 59, 77, 78, 158
Illinois Whig Party, 47, 48, 60–61, 71–72
Inaugural Addresses. See First Inaugural Address; Second Inaugural Address
Independent Spy Corps, 43
Indiana, 287
Indian Removal Act, of 1830, 417
Ivanhoe (Cooper), 17
Jackson, Andrew
assassination attempt on, 405
background of, 26–27
Bank War, 36–37, 51, 61, 97, 125, 237
Black Hawk War, 5, 43, 104
championing of “common man,” 47, 66, 394, 422
death of, 86–87
declaration of martial law, 5, 299–301
early political career of, 27
education of, 26, 55, 263
election of 1824, 32–34
election of 1828, 25, 34–35, 96–97
election of 1832, 4–5, 6, 9–10, 34–39, 52, 247, 276, 359, 380
Lincoln’s postmaster appointment, 56
as a mentor, 4–5, 47–48, 61, 148, 247, 264–65, 274, 289, 292, 360, 416–17, 420
nickname of “Old Hickory,” 29, 189, 263
nullification and, 35, 52–53, 100, 212, 265, 274–76, 277–80, 293
political vision of, 32–33, 47–48, 61, 86–87, 421, 422
Polk and, 90, 96–102
presidency of, 4, 5, 61, 65–66, 83, 88, 96–97, 98, 105, 215,
218–19, 263–65, 299–301, 311–15, 400, 417
principle of rotation, 83, 311–15
Revolutionary War, 26, 299–300, 301
Seminole Wars, 30, 43, 309
trial and fine of, 300
War of 1812, 29–30, 104
Jackson, Robert, 26
Jackson, Thomas Jonathan “Stonewall,” 354
Jacksonians (Jacksonian Democrats), 6, 42, 61, 80, 87, 89, 93, 94–95, 288
Jay Treaty, 306
Jefferson, Thomas, 18–19, 55, 202
Declaration of Independence, 5, 194, 420
education of, 263
election of 1800, 32, 33, 400
as a mentor, 5, 186, 194–95, 234
presidency of, 27, 28–29, 32, 285, 311
John, Vanderlyn, 119
John Brown’s raid on Harpers Ferry, 214
Johnson, Andrew, 132
impeachment of, 314–15, 418–19
legacy of, 412–13
presidency of, 78, 314–15, 418–19
vice presidency of, 389–90, 399–402
War Aims Resolution, 323–24, 327
Johnson, John, 15–16
Johnson, Lyndon, 425
Johnson, Matilda, 15
Johnson, Reverdy, 167, 168
Johnston, Joseph, 367, 406
Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War, 317, 323
Jonas, Abraham, 75
Jones, J. Russell, 363
Jones, William, 23–25
Judd, Nathan, 157
Judd, Norman, 206, 226, 254–55, 258, 259
Julius Caesar (Shakespeare), 155
Kansas Constitution, 224–25
Kansas-Nebraska Act, 2–3, 190–97. See also Bleeding Kansas
aftermath of, 203, 205–8, 212, 216, 231, 246, 286, 290–91
Peoria Speech (1854), 194–200
Kaskel, Cesar, 334
Keller, Ron, 107
Kelso, Jack, 41
Kentucky, 326–27
Kentucky General Assembly, 27, 48
Kentucky Preceptor, 12
King, Preston, 319
Kirkham, Samuel, 41
Knapp, Nathan, 259–60
Know Nothing Party, 204, 207, 215
Knox, William, 154, 172
Koerner, Gustave, 150, 258, 259
Lamon, Ward Hill, 157, 255, 293, 382, 406
Land Office, 141–44
Last Public Address (1865), 403–5
Lawrence, Kansas, sacking of, 201, 213–14
Lawrence, Richard, 405
Lecompton Constitution, 217, 224–26, 239
Lee, Robert E., 354–55, 367, 377, 381, 385, 414
Battle of Antietam, 318, 345
Battle of Fredericksburg, 318–19, 345
Battle of Gettysburg, 344–45, 354, 362
Battle of the Wilderness, 377, 378
Black Hawk War, 170
capture of Brown, 214
Mexican War, 144
surrender of, 394–95, 399, 406
legacy of Lincoln, 412–26
Liberian colonies, 195–96
Lincoln, Abraham (paternal grandfather), 10
Lincoln, Mary Todd
assassination of husband, 406, 409–10
background of, 84–85
Civil War, 394
Clay and, 85, 114
death of son William, 330
Herndon and, 156
later life and death, 411–12
marriage and home life, 7, 83–86, 119–20, 141
political ambitions for husband, 3, 401
Lincoln, Mordecai, 10
Lincoln, Nancy Hanks, 11, 15
Lincoln, Robert Todd, 84, 394, 409, 411–12
Lincoln, Sarah Bush, 11–15, 161, 272
Lincoln, Thomas (father), 10–13, 14–15, 21, 23, 39, 162, 272
Lincoln, Thomas “Tad” (son), 395–96, 411–12, 414, 415–16
Lincoln, William Wallace, 330
Lincoln-Douglas debates, 74, 107, 147, 200, 230–31. See also Great Debates of 1858
Lincoln Memorial, 7, 425, 426
Linder, Usher, 117, 211
Logan, Stephen, 51–52, 58, 74, 157
Illinois House, 140, 205
law partnership with Lincoln, 75–78, 86, 156–60
logrolling, 60, 112, 217
“Long Nine,” 62–63
Longstreet, James, 353
Louisiana Purchase, 89, 186, 190
Louisville Gazette, 25
Louisville Journal, 38, 41
Lovejoy, Elijah, 67–68, 251
Lovejoy, Owen, 251
Lowell, James Russell, 260
Lucas, Joshua M., 143
Lyceum Address (1837), 67–71, 129
McArthur, Douglas, 425
Macbeth (Shakespeare), 22, 154–55, 397
McClellan, George, 153, 269, 310–11, 314, 425
Civil War, 316–20, 328, 366, 402
election of 1864, 359–60, 362, 376–78, 379–80
McClernand, John, 78, 306
McClure, Alexander, 117, 150
McCook, Alexander, 377
McCormick, Cyrus, 2, 161–62
McCormick, Richard, 255
McCulloch v. Maryland, 218, 237
McDowell, Irvin, 310
MacKay, Alexander, 119
McLean, John, 148, 215, 220–21, 338–39
McPherson, James, 328, 378, 380, 415
Madison, James, 33, 55, 263, 285, 305
Maine, 30–31, 186
Malvern, USS, 395
Mangum, Willie, 134
“manifest destiny,” 99, 421
Manny, John, 161–62
Mansfield, Joseph, 310
Marcy, William Learned, 80, 105, 285
Marshall, John, 27, 29, 120, 218, 278–79, 300–301
martial law, 299–301, 324–25
“Martyr, The” (Melville), 422–23
Maryland, 297, 298–99
Mason, James, 176–77, 315
Mattison, Joel, 205
May, Henry, 301–2
Maysville Road veto, 36
Meade, George, 345, 362, 366–67
Medill, Joseph, 236, 254, 255, 256, 342
Meigs, Montgomery, 295
Melville, Herman, 422–23
mentors of Lincoln, 1, 3, 4–7. See also specific mentors
Meredith, William, 167
Merryman, John, 299
Mexican War, 103–6
aftermath of, 112, 113, 131, 167
Clay’s Market Street Speech (1847), 114–17, 118, 126–27
Lincoln’s opposition to, 2, 110, 122, 125–28, 305–6
Mexico. See also Mexican War
Texas annexation, 88–90, 99–104
Michigan Territory, 135, 137, 140, 142
Mill, John Stuart, 156
Miller, Samuel Freeman, 339–40
Minnesota Territory, 219
Mississippi River, 9–10
Missouri, 9, 30–31, 212–13, 219–20, 220, 287, 324–25
Missouri Compromise, 30–31, 47, 186, 190–200, 207, 219, 220, 221, 249
Monroe, James, 55, 285
education of, 263
election of 1816, 33, 285
presidency of, 30, 35, 43, 221, 309
Mormonism, 82, 108
Morrison, J.L.D., 141
Murray, Lindley, 20
myth of Lincoln, 7, 18, 19, 413, 415
National Committee of the Republican Party, 370–71
National Intelligencer, 89–90
National Lincoln Monument Association, 409
“native born,” 148
Nebraska. See also Kansas-Nebraska Act
Anti-Nebraska Movement, 206, 207–9, 248
naming of state capitol, 412
New Deal, 424–25
New Mexico, 99, 165–66, 168, 171, 265
New Salem, Illinois, 10, 39–43
New York Herald, 265–68
New York Historical Society, 87
New York Telescope, 25
New York
Times, 252
New York Tribune, 113, 252, 255, 287
Nicolay, John, 271, 290, 304, 309
Nixon, Richard, 425
North Carolina secession, 297–98
Northwest Ordinance, 194–95, 198, 219, 249
Northwest Territory, 36
nullification, 35, 52–53, 100, 180–81, 212, 265, 274–80
Oak Ridge Cemetery, 409–10
Obama, Barack, 359, 425
Offutt, Denton, 39
On War (Clausewitz), 308
Ordinance of Nullification, 52–53, 212
Oregon Territory, 99, 100–102, 142–43
Oregon Treaty, 99, 102
Our American Cousin (play), 406
Pacific Railroad Acts, 306
Palmer, John, 206, 209, 216, 227, 255, 256, 257
Panic of 1819, 37
Panic of 1837, 65, 67
Paredes y Arrillaga, Mariano, 103
Parker, John, 406
Parker, Theodore, 349
Pascal, Blaise, 347
patronage, 143, 192, 312, 368, 418. See also spoils system
Peace Conference of 1861, 270–71
Peck, Ebenezer, 74
“peculiar,” 149–50
Peoria Speech (1854), 194–200, 204
Philadelphia Speech (1861), 269–70
Phillips, Wendell, 229
Pierce, Benjamin “Bennie,” 191
Pierce, Franklin, 4
education of, 263
election of 1852, 189–90
Kansas-Nebraska Act, 2–3, 191–93, 203
presidency of, 191–93, 213, 216–17, 253, 277–78, 288, 308, 315, 338
Pilgrim’s Progress, The (Bunyan), 23, 154
Pinkerton, Allan, 405–6
poetry, 21–22, 41–42, 422–24
police brutality, 414
“political education,” 6, 269
Polk, James, 4
background of, 96–97
death of, 144–45, 401
education of, 263
election of 1844, 88–92, 93–94, 98, 110, 255
governor of Tennessee, 90, 97–98
Jackson and, 90, 96–102
Mexican War, 2, 103–6, 125–27, 305–6, 309
nickname of “Young Hickory,” 87, 96
presidency of, 87, 94, 96–106, 112, 125–26, 135, 144, 262, 282, 401, 417–18, 421
Texas question, 99–104
Pomeroy, Samuel, 370, 371
Poore, Ben Perley, 136
Pope, John, 362
popular vote, 33, 34, 35, 91, 96, 140, 217, 244, 261, 380
Porter, David, 296, 395, 396
postmaster general, 123, 215, 288, 291
Powhatan, 295–96
Prentice, George, 38–39, 41, 71, 234, 300
president-elect, 263–66, 268–72
Princeton University, 263
principle of rotation, 311–15
Prize Cases, 342–43
Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction, 355–57
Proclamation of April 15, 297–98
Purple, Norman, 159
Radical Republicans, 78, 223, 291, 313, 323, 343, 356, 357, 369, 373, 374, 380, 382, 383, 401, 404, 418–19
Ramsay, David, 18–19
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