by Will Durant
20. In Moorman, Early Years, 317.
21. The Prelude, XIV, in Wordsworth, Complete Poems, 331.
22. Gardner, Martin, ed., The Annotated Ancient Mariner, 16.
23. Wordsworth, Dorothy, Journals, 4–6.
24. Moorman, Early Years, 373.
25. Coleridge, Biographia Literaria, 147.
26. Wordsworth and Coleridge, Lyrical Ballads, 3.
27. Gardner, 172.
28. Lyrical Ballads, p. 95, line 294.
29. Ibid., p. 113, lines 36–49.
30. Lines 88–112.
31. Lines 133–42.
32. Gardner, 24; Winwar, Farewell the Banner, 265.
33. Lyrical Ballads, appendix, p. 173.
34. Letter to John Wilson, June, 1805, Bateson, 175.
35. Letter of March 25, 1801, in Selected Poetry and Prose, 591.
36. Dorothy Wordsworth, the Grasmere Journal, June 9–20, 1800; May 13–18 and July 3, 1802.
37. Journal, June 20, 1800.
38. Complete Poems, 166.
39. Journal, June 19, 1802.
40. Ibid., June 25, 1800.
41. Feb. 1, 1802.
42. June 10, 1800.
43. Dec. 11, 1801.
44. Dec. 12, 1801.
45. Dec. 22, 1801.
46. Moorman, William Wordsworth: The Later Years, 29n.
47. Journal, Sept. 1, 1800.
48. Ibid., Nov. 4, 1800.
49. Moorman, Early Years, 520.
50. Complete Poems, 173.
51. Moorman, Early Years, 573.
52. Ibid.
53. Journals, 57.
54. Colmer, Coleridge Critic of Society, 55.
55. Ibid., 78n.
56. Fruman, 264.
57. Coleridge, Selected Poetry and Prose, 115.
58. Notebooks, note 1214, in Fruman, 377.
59. Ibid., 380.
60. Fruman, 26–58.
61. Moorman, Early Years, 612.
62. Notebooks, note 2091, in Fruman, 431.
63. Moorman, Later Years, 87.
64. Gardner, 26.
65. Moorman, Later Years, 165.
66. Ibid.
67. 195.
68. Robinson, Henry Crabb, Diary, I, 207–12.
69. Winwar, 330.
70. Ibid.
71. Letter to Wordsworth, May 10, 1815.
72. White, R. J., 15–16.
73. Coleridge, Selected Poetry and Prose, 497.
74. White, R. J., 8.
75. Ibid., 17–18, 11–12.
76. 60.
77. 77, 102.
78. Coleridge, Selected Poetry and Prose, 140.
79. White, R. J., 108.
80. Ibid., 83–85; Mill, J. S., On Bentham and Coleridge, 96.
81. White, R. J., 93.
82. Coleridge in Benn, History of English Rationalism, I, 249.
83. White, R. J., 85.
84. Biographia Literaria, Ch. IX, p. 70.
85. Fruman, 70–71, 81, 101, etc.
86. Biographia, 72, 74.
87. Ibid., Ch. xxii, p. 236.
88. Moorman, Later Years, 186.
89. Pelican Guide to English Literature, V, 154.
90. Moorman, Later Years, 55.
91. EB, XXIII, 678d.
92. Moorman, Later Years, 260.
93. Hazlitt, Spirit of the Age, 256–57.
94. Moorman, Later Years, 181.
95. Thornton, Table Talk, 211.
96. Moorman, Later Years, 314–15n.
97. Winwar, 328.
98. Coleridge, Selected Poetry and Prose, 671.
99. Thornton, 177, 145.
100. Colmer, John, Coleridge Critic of Society, 157.
101. Benn, I, 285.
102. Coleridge, Selected Poetry and Prose, 469.
103. De Quincey, Collected Writings, I, 77, in Fruman, 84.
104. Thornton, 255.
105. Gardner, 33.
106. Wright, R., Prose of the Romantic Period, 26.
107. Hazlitt, Lectures on the English Poets, 163.
108. Moorman, Later Years, 580 81.
109. Ibid., 115.
110. 36.
111. Wright, 35.
112. NCMH, IX, 109.
113. Moorman, Later Years, 239.
114. Marchand, L. A., Byron, I, 412.
115. Ibid., 421.
116. Hazlitt, Spirit of the Age, 258.
117. Moorman, Later Years, 292, 452.
118. Wright, 50.
CHAPTER XXII
1. Marchand, Byron, I, 4.
2. Byron, Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage, Canto IV, line 10.
3. Marchand, I, 36.
4. Ibid., 94.
5. EB, IV, 509c.
6. Byron, English Bards and Scotch Reviewers, I, 205; III, 98.
7. Marchand, I, 235.
8. Byron, Works, 205, note 1; Marchand, I, 238.
9. Ibid., 263.
10. 286.
11. 401.
12. Works, p. xxii.
13. Marchand, I, 437.
14. Ibid., 360.
15. 334.
16. 333.
17. 360.
18. Mayne, Life and Letters of Anna Isabella, Lady Noel Byron, 48–49.
19. EB, IV, 510a.
20. Marchand, I, 403.
21. Ibid., 446.
22. 429.
23. 465–69.
24. II, 479, 485.
25. 479.
26. Mayne, 154.
27. Marchand, II, 510.
28. Mayne, 161; Marchand, II, 510.
29. Mayne, 161.
30. Ibid., 162.
31. Mayne, 165; Marchand, II, 513.
32. Marchand, II, 527.
33. Ibid., 547.
34. Mayne, 190; Marchand, II, 544.
35. Marchand, II, 549.
36. Ibid., 551–52.
37. 555.
38. 556.
39. 563; Mayne, 203.
40. Marchand, II, 570.
41. Mayne, 209; Marchand, II, 572.
42. Marchand, II, 576–77.
43. Dowden, Life of Shelley, I, 4n.
44. Cameron, The Young Shelley, 3.
45. In Hancock, A. E., The French Revolution and the English Poets, 53.
46. Byron, Letter to Hogg, Jan. 2, 1811, in Cameron, 15.
47. Ibid., 125.
48. Dowden, I, 73.
49. T. J. Hogg, Life of Shelley, in Dowden, I, 45–46.
50. Dowden, I, 118; Cameron, 24.
51. Cameron, 91.
52. 93.
53. Dowden, I, 175.
54. Cameron, 102.
55. Ibid., 97.
56. Dowden, I, 211.
57. Ibid., 215.
58. 218.
59. 260–61.
60. Shelley, Poems, note to Queen Mab, in Complete Poems of Keats and Shelley, Part II, 853.
61. Queen Mab, Canto III, line 33.
62. Ibid., lines 174–77.
63. v, lines 79, 177, 189.
64. VII, line 13.
65. VIII, lines 106–60.
66. Cameron, 274.
67. Dowden, I, 287.
68. Mrs. Shelley, in Shelley, Poems (Complete Poems of Keats and Shelley, Part II, p. v).
69. Dowden, I, 258.
70. Wright, R., Prose Works of the Romantic Period, 138–39.
71. In Cameron, 229.
72. Shelley, Lost Letters to Harriet, 22.
73. T. L. Peacock, Memoirs of Shelley, 336, in Dowden, I, 433.
74. Dowden, I, 424.
75. 425, 429.
76. Shelley, Letters, ed. F. L. Jones, I, 389.
77. Ibid., 421.
78. 391.
79. Marchand, II, 630.
80. Brandes, G., Main Currents, IV, 303.
81. Dowden, II, 30.
82. Brandes, IV, 214.
83. Shelley, Poems, 570.
84. Brandes, IV, 319.
85. Marchand, II, 699.
86. Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage, IV,
line 25.
87. Marchand, II, 747.
88. Ibid., 681, 740.
89. Prometheus Unbound, Act II, line 305.
90. Ibid., I, 144.
91. II, 523.
92. Poems, 616.
93. Ibid., 464–77.
94. Dowden, II, 381.
95. Ibid., 411.
96. A donais, lines 151–52.
97. Stanzas lii, liii, lv.
98. Keats, “Ode to a Nightingale.”
99. Dowden, II, 235; Marchand, II, 757; Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage, iv, lines 172–84.
100. Marchand, II, 772.
101. Brandes, IV, 325.
102. In Hirsh, The World of Turner, 109.
103. Marchand, II, 816.
104. Eckermann, J. P., Conversations with Goethe, 261.
105. Marchand, II, 905.
106. Shelley, Letters, II, 316.
107. Marchand, III, 949.
108. Byron, letter of Nov. 10, 1813, in Marchand, I, 420.
109. In Arnold, Matthew, Essays in Criticism, 375.
110. Childe Harold, 1, line 29.
111. Marchand, I, 308; III, 1104, 1108.
112. Ibid., II, 937.
113. 955.
114. Ill, 1126–27.
115. Childe Harold, III, line 55.
116. Ibid., VIII, lines 50–51.
117. Marchand, II, 917.
118. Guiccioli, Countess, My Recollections of Lord Byron.
119. Eckermann, 265.
120. Dowden, II, 389.
121. Ibid., 233.
122. Marchand, III, 1018.
123. Dowden, II, 377.
124. Notes to Prometheus Unbound, in Poems, 295.
125. White, R. J., Political Tracts of Wordsworth, Coleridge, and Shelley, 227.
126. Ibid., 236–39.
127. 214.
128. 243.
129. 230–31.
130. 245, 235.
131. Declaration of Rights, No. 18, in Woods, Watt, and Anderson, The Literature of England, II, 319.
132. White, R. J., 247–49.
133. “Defence of Poetry,” in White, R. J., 206.
134. Shelley, Poems, 227.
135. In Dowden, II, 384.
136. “Defence of Poetry,” in White, R. J., 205.
137. Ibid., 204.
138. Cameron, The Young Shelley, 119.
139. Dowden, II, 459.
140. Ibid., 452.
141. 504.
142. Mrs. Shelley, Notes on Poems of 1822, in Shelley, Poems, 716.
143. Dowden, II, 510, 513.
144. Ibid., 507.
145. 518.
146. Mrs. Shelley’s preface to the ed. of 1839, Poems, p. viii.
147. Marchand, III, 1018.
148. Dowden, II, 529.
149. Marchand, III, 1023.
150. Ibid., 1052.
151. Ibid.
152. 1074.
153. 1147.
154. 1212.
155. 1217, 1224.
156. 1232–33
157. 1246.
158. 1261.
159. Maurois, Byron, 547.
160. Mayne, Life of … Lady Byron, 240.
161. Maurois, 546.
162. Marchand, III, 1243n.
163. Maurois, 554.
164. Marchand, III, 1245.
CHAPTER XXIII
1. Halévy, History of the English People in 1815, 103; EB, XX, 56b.
2. Scott, Walter, The Heart of Midlothian, 106–7.
3. Halévy, 469.
4. Ibid., 482.
5. On Reid see Rousseau and Revolution, 764; on Hartley see The Age of Voltaire, 581.
6. Wright, R., Prose of the Romantic Period, 86.
7. Scott, Poems, 114.
8. Leslie Stephen in Benn, History of English Rationalism, I, 312.
9. Moorman, William Wordsworth: The Later Years, 463.
10. See Longford, Wellington, 30n.
11. Watson, Reign of George III, 388.
12. Ibid.
13. Cameron, The Young Shelley, 158.
14. Halévy, 419.
15. Lecky, History of England in the 18th Century, VIII, 394 ff.; Rosebery, Lord, Pitt, 189, 193.
16. Petersen, H., Treasury of the World’s Great Speeches, 311.
CHAPTER XXIV
1. Green, J. R., Short History of the English People, III, 1750.
2. Hawkins, Sir John, Life of Samuel Johnson, 198.
3. Petersen, 240.
4. Ibid., 241.
5. Morley, John, Burke, in Biographical Studies, 15.
6. Ibid., 87.
7. Letter to T. Allsop.
8. Paine, Thomas, The Rights of Man, 135.
9. Green, J. R., Ill, 1764.
10. CMH, VIII, 300.
11. Ibid., 304.
12. Southey, Life of Nelson, 42.
13. Ibid., 169.
14. Bowen, Marjorie, Patriotic Lady: Emma, Lady Hamilton, 143.
15. Howarth, David, Trafalgar, 31.
16. Southey, Nelson, 140, 322–23.
17. From a copy in the collection of Sir Douglas Fairbanks. The original is in the British Museum.
18. Nelson, Letters, 462.
19. Howarth, Trafalgar, 132.
20. Southey, Nelson, 274.
21. Howarth, 209–10.
22. Ibid., 239.
23. Lefebvre, Napoleon, II, 131.
CHAPTER XXV
1. CMH, VIII, 783.
2. Stephens, H. M., The Story of Portugal, 385.
3. Ibid., 395.
4. Borrow, George, The Bible in Spain, 211.
5. Caulaincourt, With Napoleon in Russia, 307.
6. Byron, Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage, I, line 33.
7. Altamira, R., History of Spanish Civilization, 177–79.
8. Marchand, Byron, I, 194.
9. Borrow, 330–31.
10. Sorel, Albert, Europe and the French Revolution, I, 364.
11. Altamira, Spanish Civilization, 177.
12. Altamira, History of Spain, 536b.
13. Longford, Elizabeth, Wellington: The Years of the Sword, 17.
14. Ibid., 16.
15. 19.
16. EB, XXIII, 395b.
17. Longford, 120.
18. Wingfield-Stratford, Esme, History of British Civilization, 853.
19. Marx and Engels, The Revolution in Spain, 8.
20. Ibid., 30–31.
21. CMH, IX, 449.
22. Lefebvre, Napoleon, II, 95.
23. Ibid., 94.
24. Longford, 290.
CHAPTER XXVI
1. Sorel, Albert, Europe and the French Revolution, I, 382.
2. Ibid., 381.
3. McCabe, Joseph, Crises in the History of the Papacy, 17.
4. CMH, VIII, 778.
5. McCabe, Crises, 370.
6. Southey, Life of Nelson, 225–28.
7. Méneval, Memoirs, II, 493.
8. Bertrand, H., Napoleon at St. Helena, 41.
9. Lefebvre, Napoleon, II, 221–22; CMH, IX, 404–6; EB, XV, 1182.
10. EB, XVII, 247b.
11. Madelin, Consulate and Empire, 211.
12. Ibid., 313.
13. Taine, Modern Regime, II, 11.
14. Madelin, 381.
15. McCabe, Crises, 386.
16. Phillips, C. S., The Church in France, 149.
17. CMH, IX, 402.
18. Herold, ed., Mind of Napoleon, 110.
19. McCabe, Crises, 388.
20. Ibid., 389.
21. Marchand, Byron, II, 679.
22. Rémusat, 259.
23. Staël, Mme. de, Corinne, 22.
24. McCabe, 388.
25. More on Alfieri in Rousseau and Revolution, 336–40.
26. Marchand, II, 818.
27. Canova, Antonio, Works, edited by Countess Albruzzi and Count Cicognara, plates 70–71.
28. EB, IV, 800c.
29. Canova, II, 3.
30. Balcarres, Lord, Evolution of Italian Sculpture, 340.
>
31. Byron, Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage, IV, line 55.
32. EB, XVI, 246b.
33. Bourrienne, II, 381.
34. Las Cases, III, 255.
CHAPTER XXVII
1. EB, X, 311a.
2. Brion, Marcel, Daily Life in the Vienna of Mozart and Schubert, 37; Rémusat, 309; Fouché, Memoirs, I, 343.
3. Palmer, Alan, Metternich, 11.
4. Ibid., 36.
5. Palmer, Metternich, 48.
6. Vandal, Napoléon et Alexandre, III, 14.
7. Brion, 237.
8. Ibid., 228.
9. Graetz, H., History of the Jews, V, 414.
10. Brion, 239.
11. Staël, Mme. de, Germany, 1,64.
12. Thayer, Life of Ludwig van Beethoven, I, 253.
13. Ibid., 183.
14. Brion, 90.
15. Staël, Mme. de, Germany, I, 67.
CHAPTER XXVIII
1. Thayer, A. W., Life of Ludwig van Beethoven, I, 57.
2. Brockway and Weinstock, Men of Music, 166.
3. Beethoven: Letters, tr. and edited by Emily Anderson, I, 4.
4. EB, 14th ed., III, 317.
5. Thayer, I, 253.
6. Ibid., 90.
7. 149.
8. Letters, I, 6.
9. Grove’s Dictionary of Music and Musicians, I, 265c.
10. Thayer, I, 175.
11. Grove’s, I, 266c.
12. Thayer, I, 186.
13. Ibid., 191.
14. Grove’s, I, 276d.
15. Ibid.
16. Letters, I, 58.
17. Ibid., 292.
18. Noli, Bp. F. S., Beethoven and the French Revolution, 36 ff.
19. Grove’s I, 267b.
20. Letter to Zmeskal in Noli, 34.
21. Thayer, I, 241, 246–47; Grove’s, I, 268c.
22. Letters, I.
23. Thayer, I, 352–54.
24. Letters, I, 65.
25. Kerst, F., Beethoven in His Own Words, 45.
26. Letters, I, 73.
27. Thayer, II, 24.
28. Grove’s, I, 282d.
29. Ibid., 268b.
30. Thayer, II, 43.
31. Ibid., I, 253.
32. Letters, I, 131.
33. Ibid., 163.
34. 219.
35. Thayer, I, 326–27.
36. Ibid., II, 146.
37. Ibid., 187–89.
38. 223.
39. 227.
40. 224. Thayer damns the story with faint praise: “The story may have some foundation in truth.”
41. 224–26.
42. 364.
43. Letter of Jan. 23, 1823.
44. Láng, Paul Henry, Music in Western Civilization, 769.
45. D. F. Tovey in EB, 14th ed., III, 321b.
46. Thayer, III, 164.
47. Ibid., 164–67.
48. Sullivan, J. W. N., Beethoven: His Spiritual Development, 232–59.
49. Grove’s, I, 300c.
50. Thayer, III, 285.
51. Letters, III, 1339.
52. Ibid., 1342.