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Index
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Abbasid caliphs, 3, 55, 56, 125
Abduh, Muhammad, Grand Mufti of Egypt, 28, 108
acquisition of knowledge, 8, 17, 27, 97, 104, 117
adl (justice), 139
al-Afghani, Sayyid Jamaluddin, 15, 19, 59, 69, 71, 108, 140, 144
conceived of modern science, 16, 71-72
pragmatist, 20, 35-49, 50, 51
agnosticism, 121
Ahmad, Eqbal, 141
Ahmad, Nazir, 62, 64-65
Ahmad, Rais, 96
Akbar, 21, 23, 125
alchemy, 97, 135
Ali, Imdad, 27
Ali, Maulvi Karamat, 17-18, 52, 59, 65, 66, 68-70, 73, 80, 87, 97-98, 132, 140, 144
Ma’akhiz-i-Uloom, 65, 97-98
Mubda-i-Uloom, 65, 70
Ali, Muhammad, 145
Ali, Syed Amir 20, 22
Aligarh movement, 107
Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), 19, 92, 118-21
All India Conference of Letters, First, 127
All India Radio (AIR), 126
Andrews, C.F., 63, 83, 84, 85, 88
Anglophile, 37
antagonism, 87, 131
appropriation process, 7, 11
aqli dalil (rational proof), 25
Arab(s), 2, 3, 7, 17, 34, 43-46, 63-64, 69, 78, 87, 135, 142
Christians, 55, 142
civilization, 46-48, 55, 69
intellectual superiority, 46
scientific debts to pre-Islamic civilization, 55, 73
Arabia, 5, 34, 55, 73, 133
Arabic, 3, 6, 7, 9, 48, 55, 68
learning, 45, 74-75
science, 6-7, 8, 43, 93, 125
Aristotle, 15, 46, 62, 69, 74, 77, 79, 80
art and culture,
institutionalization, 122-28
Al-Ashari, 8
Asharites, 34, 71, 85
astronomy, 7, 15, 66, 67, 79, 93, 134
atheism, 44, 118
Al-Attas, Naquib, 131
Augustine, St, 9
Aurangzeb, 23
Averroes, 44, 49, 73
Avicenna, 44, 62, 73
Azad, Maulana Abul Kalam, 14, 106-12, 129, 132, 140
commitment to science and technology, 117-22
on education, 115-17
Ghubar-i Khatir, 108, 123
institutionalization of art and culture, 122-28
internationalism and humanism, 128
language question, 112-15
Tarjuman al Quran, 118
Al-Azhar, 109, 145
Al-Azm, Sadik J., 58
Bacon, Francis, 52, 74, 141
Bacon, Roger, 2, 9
Badauni, Mulla Abdul Qadir, 125
Baghdad, 119
Bakar, Osman, 134, 145
Baljon, 26
Al-Banna, Hasan, 42
El-Baz, Farouk, 72
belief in God, 94
Bengali bhadralok, 19, 143
Bennabi, Malik, 10
Bernal, Martin, 68
Al Beruni, 8, 26, 38, 104, 125
Bey, Ulugh, 80
Bible, 9, 25-26, 133
big bang theory, 67
Bilgrami, Aqeel, 89
blind adherence (taqlid), 6, 31, 72
BoseJ.C, 89
Bucaille, Maurice, 102, 131
The Bible, The Quran, and Science, 25, 133
Buzduvi, 125
Cambridge, 120
caste, class and sex prejudices, 117
Castelli, B., 26
Catholicism, 47, 49
Central Advisory Board of Education (CABE), 111
Centre for Studies on Science (CSOS), 91
Charlemagne, 69
Chinese contrib
ution to science, 70
Chittick, William, 134
Christianity, 9, 21, 44, 47, 49, 80, 94, 100
Christians, 2, 3, 5, 7, 27-28, 44, 53-57, 72, 78, 90, 93, 118, 142
circumnavigation of the earth, 78
Clarke, J.J., 84
class and caste discriminations and disabilities, 116
colonial impact, 88-90, 142
colonialism 13, 36, 51, 89, 115, 141, 142
colonization, 2, 10-11, 13, 57, 89, 131, 136-7
communication of knowledge, 79
consciousness in Muslim societies, 91, 134
conservative beliefs, hindrance to growth of mind, 109
Copernicus, 52, 74, 76, 77, 80
Cordova, 63, 88, 119, 120
cosmic wonders, 13
cosmos, 94
creator, role of, 98-99
cross-civilizational perspective, 14, 46, 56, 60, 75, 84, 144
cross-cultural perspective, 17, 32, 46, 56, 60
cultural
development, 32
distinctiveness, 54
diversity, 54, 82
essentialism 14
intellectual diffusion, 67
nationalism, 37, 64
pluralism, 35, 57, 68
religious barriers, 31, 60
relativism, 13
revival 22, 92
values, 70, 71
culture and epistemology, 90
Dahri, Abdur Rahim: Arzdasht dar Bab-i-Zarurat Tarviz-i-Zaban-i-Angrezi-O-Ulum Firang, 18
dajjal (antichrist), 27
Dallal, Ahmad, 42, 146
Dar al-Ulum, Deoband, 50, 58
Darul Islam, 85
Darul-Funun, 35
Darwin: Descent of Man, 32
‘day’ and ‘night’, concepts of, 26
de Tassy, Garcin, 17
defiance and conservatism, 19
dehumanization and robotization of society, 56
Delhi Renaissance, 59, 65
Descartes, 94
dhiya (waste), 139
Disraeli, 116
divided science into Muslim science and European science, 40
East and West, compatibility, 122
East India Company, 113
economic factors, 17
education
beyond caste and class, 115-17
democratization of, 115, 117
fund allocation for, 117
Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood 42
Egyptians, 5, 38, 42, 68
embryology, 67, 134
English
education, 73
institutions of learning, 18
as the medium of instruction, 113
environmental crisis, 101-02
epistemology, 34, 86, 90, 96, 118, 141
Eurocentrism, 2, 13-14, 33, 51, 54, 55, 78, 82, 90, 93, 94, 131
Europe, post-Enlightenment and colonization, 89
European
racism and imperialism, 68
science, 15, 18, 40, 53, 73, 121
exclusivism and sectarianism, 57
faith, 5, 12, 13, 20, 21, 22, 27, 29, 33, 35, 41, 48, 56, 63, 65, 79-80, 93, 96-97, 99, 102, 103, 115-16, 120, 129, 132, 136, 146
fanaticism and taassub, 33
Al-Farabi, 2, 95
Al-Faruqi, Ismail R., 30, 91, 131, 135, 136, 138
Islamization of Knowledge: General Principles and Workplan, 136
Fad, Abul: Ain-i-Akbari, 21
Feyerabend, Paul, 33, 57, 132
fiqh, 11
First war of Independence (1857
uprising), 18, 19, 20-21, 49, 142
fitna, 28
French Revolution, 112
fundamentalism, 1, 14, 96, 130, 134, 136, 139
Galileo Galilei, 15, 26, 49, 52, 74, 76-77, 80, 94
Gandhi, M.K., 97, 111, 112
Ghalib, 62
Al-Ghazali, 9, 85
Ihya Ulum al-Deen, 124
global politics, 1
God’s infinity, 122
Golden Age of science in Islam, 89, 95
Goonatilake, Susantha, 133
Granada, 119, 120
Greece, Greek(s), 6, 17, 55, 62, 83, 121, 127, 135
arts, philosophy, and sciences, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 12, 18, 24, 29, 34, 43-46, 68, 78, 93, 121
backwardness, 5
civilization, 8
learning, 2-4, 34, 38, 40, 69
miracle myth, 84
Grunebaum, von, 84
Habbu, Maulvi, 31
Habib, Muhammad, 121
Hakki, Ibrahim, 25
halal (praiseworthy), 139
Hali, Altaf Husain, 62
Hamdard Foundation of Pakistan, 140
haram (blameworthy), 139
Harding, Sandra, 53
Hegel, 132
hegemonization, 10, 58-59, 90
Heidegger, 132
heliocentric doctrine, 78
Herf, Jeffery, 14
heterogeneity and early science in Islam, 1-14
Hejaz, 27
Hidaya, 125
Al-Hilal, 107, 110, 119, 120
Hindu(s), 32
and Muslims, 37-38
social reformers and modernizers, 29
Hindi-Urdu controversy, 37
Hinduism, 16, 17, 22
Holy Scriptures, 26
Hoodbhoy, Pervez, 19, 23
House of Wisdom (Bait-ul- Hikmah), 3
Howarth, D.G., 69
humanitarian and pluralist values, 1
humanitarian education, 113
Husaini, S.W.A., 97, 102
ibadah (worship), 139
identity consciousness, 33
ignorance, 18, 34, 39, 60, 121
Ijmalist, 103, 138
ijtihad, 5, 10, 31, 50, 72, 86, 129, 142
Illich, 132
ilm (knowledge of God), 80, 81, 105, 139
ilm almashiyah, 98-99
Ilm-ul-Kalam, 29
imperialism, 20, 31, 35, 46, 49
cultural, 88, 89
mercantile, 57
and modern science, 57-71
to revivalism, 57-58
scientific, 141
Western, 16, 45
Indian Academy of Dance, Drama and Music, 127
Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 142-43
Indian Council for Cultural Relations, 127
Indian Muslims, 38
unity with Muslims abroad, 37
Indian Science Congress, 121
indigenous knowledge traditions, 57, 141
individualism, 14
Indo-European racial superiority, 43-44
industrial revolution, 32
infidels, 15, 44, 71
information pollution, 95
information science, 140
injustice and aggression, 136
intellectual heritage, 9, 18
intercultural contact, 32
International Institute of Islamic Thought (HIT), 91, 135
internationality of Islamic science, 84
Iqbal, Muzaffar, 11, 30, 89, 143
Iranian revolution, 130
Iranian Revolution, 91-92, 139
Islam
and Christianity, 21
and modernity, 14, 21, 35, 80, 118, 131
political, 1
regenerative role, 48
as a Semitic religion, 43
Wahabi and Talibani perversion, 124
Islamcentrism, 51
Islamic
and pre-Islamic knowledge, 93
ethics and morality, 96
identity, 91
inferiority and helplessness, 36
intellectual efflorescence, 34, 70
intellectual tradition, 11, 44
religion and culture, 18, 40
renaissance, 73
resurgence, 35, 139
science, 1-2, 6-7, 10-11, 13, 33-34, 40-48, 52-82, 84, 86, 90, 92-97, 98-99, 102-04, 106, 117-18
articulating for, 130-47
Quran- and Hadis-centred, 102
scientific resurgence, 71, 72
values and fundamentals, 78, 90, 95-96, 115, 118, 132, 139
Islamization
of social sciences, 135, 138
of science, 1, 16, 147
istislah (public interest), 139
Jabria orthodoxy, 29
jahiliya phase, 55
Al-Jahiz, 38
Jaunpuri, Mulla Mahmud, 39
Jews, 2, 7, 28, 34, 55
jihad, 105
Jones, William, 137
Journal des Debats, 43, 48
Journal of Islamic Science (JIS), 91-92, 94, 95, 96, 140
Kasuri, Muhiuddin, 119
Kepler, Johannes, 9, 15, 52, 74, 76-77
Khaldun, Ibn, 107
Khalifa-i-Rashida, 21
Khan, Ali Baksh, 27
Khan, Danishmand, 23, 24
Khan, Syed Ahmed, 15, 16, 18-19, 20-35, 36-40, 49-51, 79
Asar-us-Sanadid, 21
reformist movement, 86-88
Tafsir al Quran, 26
Tahzib-ul-Akhlaq, 27
vision of Westernization, 120
Al-Khawarizmi, 2
Khayyam, Omar, 2
khilafah (trusteeship), 139
Khulafa-i- Rashedins, 55
Al-Kindi, 2, 82, 95
Kiramni, Zaki M., 91
Kirmani, M. Riaz, 98-99
Kopf, David, 19
kufr (pure unbelief), 23
Kuhn, Thomas, 33, 57
Lahori, Abdul Salam, 125
Lalit Kala Academi, 127
language question, 37, 112-15
Latif, Abdul, 18
Lauh-i-Mahfuz, 28
learning in foreign language, 114
Leonardo da Vinci, 52, 74
Londoni, Mirza Abu Talib, 17
Luther’s religious reformation, 79
Maad Jismani (resurrection of the body), 95
maaqul (demonstrative truth), 25
Macaulay, Thomas Babington, 113
Madarsa system of education, 8, 48, 97, 98, 107-09, 119
Magellan, Ferdinand, 78
Maghreb, 137
Mamun, Abbasid Caliph, al- 29
manqul (scripture truth), 25
Maqalat-i-jamaliyyeh, 36
Marcuse, Herbert, 57
material progress, 87
Mathematics, 71
mathematization of science, 78
maulvis, 27, 41
Metaphysics, 71
MIT Muslim Students Association, 92
modern science, 1, 2, 17, 21, 24-29, 31, 36-39, 41, 46, 49-51, 53-57, 71-82
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