electronics, 82, 118–19
microelectronics, 253
solid state, 39, 53. See also integrated circuit
Elfman, Brian, 241–42
energy crisis of 1973, 209–10
entrepreneur, 6, 56, 192, 246, 250
Silicon Valley veneration of, 253–56. See also Noyce, Robert N., angel investing; Noyce, Robert N., mentoring young entrepreneurs
EPROM memory chip, 203–4, 239, 272
Equitable Life Insurance Company, 23, 24, 25, 106
Esaki, Leo, 3, 66
Esquire magazine, 5, 246, 249
Everitt, Bruce, 386
Faggin, Frederico, 188, 195. See also microprocessor
Fairchild, Sherman, 83–84, 92–93, 120, 152–53, 155, 181
Fairchild Aviation, 83
Fairchild Camera and Instrument, 83–86, 88–92
and Fairchild Semiconductor, 112–13, 120, 124, 147–48, 151
management of, 106, 112–13, 128, 142–43, 146–47, 149, 150–53
Fairchild Recording Equipment Corporation, 83
Fairchildren. See Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation, spinoffs of
Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation, 1, 105, 119
decline of, 150–51
development-manufacturing divide, 125–28
diode plant of, 123
and Fairchild Camera, 112–13, 120, 124, 147–48, 151
financing of, 88–89, 95, 112–13, 120, 124
founding of, 88–92
group of eight at, 82–86, 96, 112, 124
and IBM, 92–93, 100, 135
and infomercial, 130
and innovation, 129–30
instrumentation division of, 142
and Intel, 171–72, 181
internationalizing, 120–22, 131–34, 272
manufacturing at, 95, 106, 114–15, 119, 125–26, 131
Noyce’s management of (See Noyce, Robert N., as Fairchild general manager); patents at, 90, 97, 99–100, 102–4, 106–10
R&D at, 90, 97, 102, 106–8, 119, 122–23, 125–26, 130–31
sale to National Semiconductor, 272–73
silicon transistors at, 92–94, 96, 121–22
spin-offs of, 124, 126–27, 134, 147–48, 181
tap test at, 103
women at, 94–95, 100, 101, 115, 125, 132, 146. See also integrated circuit; Micrologic; planar process
Ferber, Susan, x
Feshbach, Herman, 30
Feynman, Richard, 245
Fitzpatrick, Annie, x
Flath, Gene, 157, 170, 172, 237–38, 386
Foothill College, 254
Fortune 500, 255
Fortune magazine, 212, 227, 260
four-layer diode, 71–73
Four-Phase Systems, 192–93, 199
Frank, Nathaniel, 30, 32, 37
Fujitsu, 263, 272
Gale, Grant, 17–18, 22, 24, 25–27, 30, 37, 144, 273–74
Noyce’s appreciation of, 300–301
Gelbach, Ed, 184, 198–99, 203–4, 206, 225–27, 386
Gell-Mann, Murray, 30, 34
Genentech (biotech company), 253
General Motors (GM), 206
General Transistor, 79, 80
George, Wilfred, 386
germanium, 39, 47, 72
in Kilby’s integrated circuit, 108
for transistors, 26, 49, 117, 121–22
Germer, John, 386
Gibbons, James F., 386
Gilder, George, 5
government, U.S., 210
computers of, 135
and Japanese government, 260–63
role in semiconductor industry, 264–71. See also Congress, U.S.; Defense Department, U.S.
Graduate House (MIT), 30, 34, 35
Graham, Bob, 157, 177, 183–84, 187, 196, 198–99
Graham, William, 284
Greenwald, Ruth, 386
Gregson, Don, 386
Grinich, Victor, 61, 74, 78, 81, 94, 119
in group of eight, 82–86, 96, 112, 124
Grinnell, Iowa, 7, 13–18, 246
Grinnell, Josiah, 14
Grinnell College, 13–14, 211, 242, 274, 298, 307
as Intel investor, 166, 208–9. See also Noyce, Robert
N., as Grinnell College student trustee
Grinnell Herald Register, 9, 15
group of eight (Blank, Grinich, Hoerni, Kleiner, Last, Moore, Noyce and Roberts), 82–86, 96, 112, 124. See also Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
Grove, Andy, 1, 129, 178, 189, 198–99, 207, 248, 252, 291, 386
contrast with Noyce’s style, 4, 175–76
as manager, 188, 190, 227–28, 231, 237
Noyce, Moore and, 157, 158, 170, 175–77, 224–25, 257
on Silicon Valley, 254
and Vadasz on MOS, 173, 180–82
Grove, Eva, 214
Gustav VI Adolph, King of Sweden, 69
Haas, Isy, 111, 112, 386
Hagopian, Kip, 386
Hamilton, David, 386
Hanafin, Maurice, 77–78
Harrington, Bob, 221–22, 245, 253, 386
Hart, Gary, 266
Harvard Business Review, 269
Hasty, Turner, 296, 386
Hatano, Daryl, x, 386
Hayden, Stone, and Company (investment firm), 79, 112, 166
Hewlett-Packard, x, 67, 116, 268
Higashi, Wayne, 299–300, 386
Hoar, Fred, 386
Hobart, Jim, 192, 386
Hodgson, Richard, 108, 113, 140, 166, 169, 248, 289, 386
in Fairchild management, 89–90, 105, 150–51, 152, 224
and group of eight, 84–85
and IBM, 92–93
overseas interests of, 121, 132
Hoerni, Jean, 61, 90, 93, 99, 127
in group of eight, 82–86, 96, 112, 123–24
on Noyce’s management style, 107, 108, 109
on oxide layers, 102–5, 107–8
at Shockley Labs, 65, 67, 70, 73, 78. See also planar process
Hoff, Ted, ix, 162–63, 174, 199, 206, 386
as Busicom liaison, 185–89, 195–96, 197. See also microprocessor
Hogan, C. Lester, 152, 181
Honeywell (computer manufacturer), 188
Hong Kong, 2, 131
Horsley, Smoot, 58, 64, 74, 77
Hughes Aviation, 95
Hwoschinsky, Paul, ix, 148, 218–19, 239, 240–41, 243, 303, 386
IBM (International Business Machines), 42, 83, 118, 120
as Fairchild customer, 92–93, 100
and planar process, 141
in 1980s, 268, 287–88
and semiconductor memories, 151, 282
and System 360, 139
industrial policy, 264–67
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), x, 196, 245, 307. See also Institute of Radio Engineers
Institute of Radio Engineers (IRE), 48
integrated circuit, 122–24, 134–36, 248, 253
early cost and price of, 112, 138
invention and development of, 1–2, 5, 100–102, 108–12, 140
marketing of, 134–37
patent dispute with Texas Instruments, 139–41
and planar process, 104–5, 108, 109, 111, 245
Intel company, 178–91, 195–206, 220, 255, 257
calculator chip at, 184–88, 199
customers, 178, 197, 204
as Electronics Company of the Year, 243–44
first fab of, 169–70
Government Affairs Committee at, 270
initial public offering (IPO), 197, 200
launch of, 1–2, 151, 164, 169–70, 171
layoffs at, 188, 223–24, 231
manufacturing at, 171, 227
as NM Electronics, 158–59, 162, 164
R&D at, 171, 208, 283
Robert Noyce Building at, 307
and secrecy, 160, 171
stock/shares of, 164–65, 197–98, 200, 209, 255
women at, 200–202. See
also chip (specific name); microprocessor names of individuals
intellectual property, 79, 87, 181, 293. See also patents
Internal Revenue Service (IRS), 124
International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Local #296, 235
international production at Fairchild, 131–33
International Trade Association, 272
International Union of Operating Engineers
Local 39, 235
invention, 97–100, 109–10, 141, 182–83. See also patents
Iowa. See Grinnell College; individual town names
Iowa Academy of Science, 212
Japan, 107, 133–34, 295, 305
Busicom in, 183–88, 195–96, 199
government and semiconductor industry, 260–63
Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI), 261
Noyce in, 117, 134, 184, 195, 228
U.S. competition with, 281–82, 285, 288, 291, 306–7
Jarrett, Jim, 270
Jeffries, David, x, 386
Jennings, Peter, 5
Jobs, Steve, ix, 1, 2, 189, 250–53, 266, 307, 386
joint venture, 121
Jones, Alan, 386
Jones, Jean, ix, 170, 386
Jones, Victor, 61, 64, 71, 73, 74, 386
Joseph, Brother, 301, 302–3
Joss, John, 386
Kaloupek, Bob, 386
Kashiwa, Bucky and Hank, 386
Kattner, Lionel, 111
Keating, Charlotte Matthews, 386
Keiper, Frank, 386
Kennedy, David M., x
Kennedy, Robert, 157
Kent State University, Ohio, 193–94
Kerman, Arthur, 387
Kidder, Peabody, 147
Kilby, Jack, 3, 108–10, 139–40, 248, 284, 301
Kimball, Maggie, x
King, Martin Luther, Jr., 116, 157
Kleiner, Eugene, 124, 192, 240, 387
at Fairchild, 85, 94, 106, 114, 119
in group of eight, 82–86, 92, 112, 123–24
at Shockley, 61, 65, 67, 78–79
Kleiner, Perkins, Caufield, and Byers, 240, 253
Kline, Alex, x
Knapic, Dean, 58, 61, 65, 77
Kobrin, Don, 387
Kojima, Yoshio, 184, 187, 195, 199. See also Busicom
Korea. See South Korea
Kornberg, Arthur, 245
Kozmetsky, George, 123
Kress, Steve, 387
labor, overseas, 131–33
labor unions. See unions
Lafferty, Jim, ix, 4, 228, 248, 279–80, 299, 387
Lamm, Donald, x
Landsdale, Pennsylvania, 49–50, 52
Large Scale Integration (LSI), 160
startup activity around, 159
lasers, 192
Last, Jay, ix, 69–71, 122–24, 127, 146, 161, 387
at Fairchild, 88, 90, 94, 113, 120
in group of eight, 82–86, 96, 112, 124
and integrated circuit, 111–12
and planar process, 107–8
at Shockley, 61, 65, 67, 73, 78–79
layoffs, 188, 223–24, 231
Leaves of Grass (Whitman), 306
Lécuyer, Christophe, ix
Leggett, Glenn, 193–95, 387
Lehovec, Kurt, 104, 141
Lenoir, Tim, x
Levine, Jerry, 116, 131, 387
licensing of patents, 55, 79, 117, 134–35, 139–40, 269. See also patents
Lifetime Achievement Medal, 302
Lindgren, Patricia, 387
Livermore, California, 207, 237
lobbying, 3
on capital gains, 262
against rolling blackouts, 209
SEMATECH, 283–84
on SIA, 262, 266, 268–70, 273
Los Altos Hills, 117
Los Angeles Times, 271
Lowood, Henry, x
Lundgren, Dan, 265
McCain, John, 285
McDonalds restaurants, 227
McEnery, Tom, 287
McKenna, Regis, ix, 203–4, 245, 248, 251, 387
Mackay, Bruce, 387
MacLeod, Norman, 241
McMurry, Hamstra, 60
McMurray, Charles and Ann, 387
McNamara, Robert, 137
magnesium oxide, 42
Maine, 168–69, 201, 211, 214, 217, 234
Maness, Barbara, 200–202, 215–16, 232
Manly, Charles, 387
manufacturing. See specific company or product name
manufacturing demonstration vehicle (MDV), 287–88
marketing, 119
at Fairchild, 91, 106
of integrated circuit, 134–37
at Intel, 177, 198, 203
Markkula, Mike, 204, 250, 252–53, 276, 280, 387
marriage, 51, 215, 300
and extramarital affair, 146, 200–202, 215, 216, 232. See also Bowers, Ann (second wife); Noyce, Betty Bottomley (first wife)
masks, 94
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. See MIT
Matthews, Charlotte, 8
Mazor, Stan, 187
Melchor, Jack, 387
memory devices, 163, 172–73, 180, 282
1103 chip, 207
DRAM, 263–64
early semiconductor memories, 151, 172
EPROM chip, 203–4
magnetic core, 172–73
market for, 223, 273
silicon-gate MOS, 186
mesa transistor, 73, 93, 102, 121–22
Messenger, George, 387
Miami University of Ohio, 18–19
microcircuits. See integrated circuit
Microcomputer, 183
Micrologic device, 135–36. See also integrated circuit
Microma, 208, 213, 223, 227
microprocessor, 306; (4004), 203, 206 (8080), 217, 226; (80386), 257
development of, 162, 182–83, 195–96
market, 199–200, 203–6, 212. See also chip
Microsystems International Limited (MIL), 189–90, 207
military-industrial complex, 29
military market, 83, 121, 137, 266. See also Defense Department, U.S.
Mills, Peter, 292
Mims, Matt, 140
Minuteman missile, 121–22, 130
MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), x, 24, 44, 246
contrast with Grinnell College, 28–29
Graduate House at, 30, 34, 35
physics department history, 29–30. See also Noyce, Robert N.; graduate work of
MITS, 226
Moore, Betty, 167, 170
Moore, Gordon, ix, 143, 170, 187, 227, 291, 387
complementary work style of, 98–99, 156
at Fairchild, 1, 93, 96, 102, 126, 137–38
in group of eight, 82–86, 96, 112, 124
on integrated circuits, 109, 111, 112
at Intel, 156–57, 160–66, 173, 198, 257, 273
investing by, 241
leaving Fairchild, 148, 151–52
as manager, 106, 108, 119, 122–23, 131, 197
on memory device, 173, 180, 263
on microprocessor, 183
in new venture, 156–57, 160
on Noyce, 143, 153, 169
Noyce, Grove and, 176, 224–25, 257
on revolutionaries, 193
on 1103s, 189
on SEMATECH, 291
at Shockley Labs, 61–66, 72, 73, 75, 78, 86
and unions, 235, 238
Morse, Philip, 30, 32
MOS (metal-oxide-silicon) chip, 173–74, 180–82, 187. See also chip, (1103)
motivation, 109, 134
Motorola, 152, 283
Mountain View, California, 108, 116, 123, 169, 178
Munley, Mickey, x
Murray Hill, New Jersey, 24
Myers, Donna, 387
Nall, Jim, 111
National Association of Manufacturers, 246
National Governors’
Association, 271, 274, 286
; National Labor Relations Board, 235
National Medal of Science, 5, 245
National Medal of Technology, 301
National Science Foundation, 284, 307
National Semiconductor, 147–48, 150, 255, 262–63, 272–73
Native Americans, 211
Newburgh, Ron, x, 387
Newfoundland, 211
Newstein, Maurice, 31–32, 35, 36, 37, 46, 387
Newton, Hester P., 387
New York Society of Security Analysts, 223
New York Stock Exchange, 82
New York Times, 25, 135, 245, 248
Nippon Electric Company (NEC), 134
NM Electronics, 158–59, 162, 164. See also Intel company
Nobel Prize, 3, 25, 66, 68–70, 110, 248
Non-uniform transmission, 299–300
Norman, Bob, 111, 387
Nottingham, Wayne, 32–33, 37–39, 40
Noyce, Adam, ix
Noyce, Betty Bottomley (first wife), 77, 88, 155, 170, 201
on California move, 60–61
divorce from Noyce, 214–18
in early married life, 47, 51–52, 65
family life of, 143–46
in Maine, 168–69, 201, 211, 214, 217, 234
wedding, 42–46
Noyce, Bill (son), ix, 51, 88, 118, 226, 387
Noyce, Bob (son of Don Noyce), 387
Noyce, Donald Sterling (brother), ix, 10–11, 13–14, 19, 23, 44, 59, 116, 212, 274, 387
Noyce, Dotey (sister-in-law), 31, 46, 387
Noyce, Gaylord Brewster (brother), ix, 7–8, 10, 18, 20, 31, 35, 116, 235, 387
at Bob’s wedding, 44–46
at memorial service, 305
Noyce, Harriet (mother), 17, 161, 228–29, 230, 235, 249
and Congregationalist Church, 9–14, 16
Don, brother to, 12
hosting wedding, 44–46
parental concerns of, 20, 23, 169
Noyce, Margaret (daughter), 117, 212, 300–303
Noyce, Penny (daughter), ix, 118, 144, 179, 213, 387
birth of, 52
on father, 2, 214, 220
in school, 88, 212
Noyce, Polly (daughter), ix, 78, 212, 387
Noyce, Ralph (father), 20, 44, 46, 157
and Congregationalist Church, 9–14, 16
and Noyce Chapel, 228–29
Noyce, Ralph Harold (brother), ix, 12, 116, 387
Noyce, Reuben Gaylord (great-greatgrandfather), 14
Noyce, Robert N.: as actuary, 23, 106
angel (private) investing by, 192–93, 218–20, 240, 275
April Fool’s joke, 148
arm fracture of, 41
attitude toward government contracting, 50, 130–31, 281
attitude toward management, 90, 106–7, 128, 154, 180
birth of, 10–11
book-printing analogy of, 138
camera (hobby), 278
camera (stepandrepeat design), 94
childhood of, 11–18
college years, 14 (See also Grinnel College; MIT); on computers, 212, 225–27, 252, 278
on confidence, 113, 133, 179, 246
on cooperative research, 281
The Man Behind the Microchip Page 60