The Wrong Side of Murder Creek
Page 41
Chaney, James 190, 247–252, 257, 277, 284, 285, 303
Charles, Ray 268
Chattanooga, Tennessee 107, 231
Chavez, Cesar 277
Chinese 255
citizenship schools 104
1964 Civil Rights Act 13, 216
civil rights movement 10, 11, 39, 62, 67, 97, 104, 110, 119, 123, 142, 175, 218, 221, 276, 278, 290, 294, 317, 318
and role of music 148
and whites 11, 79, 99, 118, 123, 124, 141, 174, 254–267, 286, 297, 301, 305
women in 110
Civil War 19, 219, 256, 317
Clark, Septima 104
Cleaver, Kathleen 317
Clyde, Ethel 306
Cobb, Charlie 256
Coffin, William Sloane 290
COFO. See Council of Federated Organizations
COINTELPRO 288–289, 294
Cold War 74
Collins, Joan 272
Collins, Norma 175
Collins, Virginia 300
Collins, Walter 300, 313
Communist Party 119
communists 74, 76, 103, 107, 119, 180, 202, 214, 305, 306
Communist Training School 103
Confederate, Confederacy 75, 110, 253, 270, 310
Congress of Racial Equality 89, 90, 146, 190, 223, 231, 242, 247, 248, 249, 255
Connor, Eugene “Bull” 90, 215
constitutional rights 68, 84, 87, 90, 95, 156, 181, 214
Cook, Robert 289
CORE. See Congress of Racial Equality
Corwin, Norman 312
Cotton, Dorothy 104
Cotton, Momma 168
1895 Cotton States and International Exposition 128
Council of Federated Organizations 248, 249, 255, 257, 277
Cox, Harold 180
Cradle of the Confederacy 110
Crane, John and Sylvia 306
Culpepper, Sam 43
Cumberland Plateau 103, 107, 111
Cummings, Sue and Richard 307–311
Curry, Connie 10, 13–14, 105, 114–118, 140, 143, 149, 244, 328, 340
D
Dahmer, Vernon 303
Dairy Queen 108
Dalli, Kathryn 339
Danish folk schools 104
Danville, Virginia 234–245, 284, 319
Daphne, Alabama 33, 120–126
Dauphin Way Methodist Church 44
Davidson, Arlie B. 48–51, 66, 84
Deacons for Defense and Justice 302, 316
Deep South 9, 112, 116, 126, 140, 177, 212, 214, 262, 276, 290, 294, 307, 319
Deep South Education and Research Associates 300
Delchamps, Alfred 71, 78
Democratic Party 96, 180, 256–267, 275–277, 286, 303, 312
Demolay 40, 45
Dennis, Dave 190, 320
Dent, Tom 190
Devlin, Sean 319–320
Dewey, John 104
Diamond, Dion 190–191, 205
Dillard University 190
Dios, Rose and John 340
direct action 61, 131, 147, 151
Dittmer, John 339
Dixie, Alabama 22
Dixie Chicks 118
Dixiecrats 276
Doar, John 92, 155, 248
“Doc from Huntingdon” 71, 158, 165, 221
Dohrn, Bernadine 337
Dollard, John 48, 141
Dombrowski, James 196, 214, 241, 300, 306
Donaldson, Ivanhoe 234, 287
Donovan, Maggie 317, 318, 330, 338, 339
Dothan, Alabama 24
Douglass, Frederick 48
Du Bois, W. E. B. 48, 128
Duke University 123, 216, 334
Dulles, Allen 251
Durr, Clifford 76, 80, 80–85, 92–94, 96, 114, 226–233, 337
Durr, Lula 81
Durr, Tilla 81
Durr, Virginia 76, 77, 80–85, 92–93, 96, 104, 114, 217, 220, 221, 282, 306, 337
Dylan, Bob 272–274
E
East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana 190–206
East Brewton, Alabama 32, 37, 37–39, 38, 101, 121
East Brewton Methodist Church 39
Eastern Star 41
Eastland Committee 306
Eastland, James 180
Eckert, Elizabeth 320
Edwards, “King Tut” 37–39, 101
Einsemann, Hermann 209
Ellis, Townsend 48–51, 52, 54–60, 62–72, 73, 81–88, 90–96, 126, 221, 315, 327, P-15
Emory University 13, 128
Enfinger, Floyd 69, 75, 125, 129–131
Epworth Methodist Church 129, 245
Estes, Billie Sol 231
Evers, Medgar 148, 206, 253, 264
exceptionalism 287
experiential learning 102
F
Farrakhan, Louis 262
Faulkner, William 230
FBI 92, 132, 155, 167, 168, 220, 248, 249, 269, 288, 302, 304
Federal Communications Commission 93
Fellowship of Reconciliation 74, 86
First Baptist Church (Montgomery) 53, 56, 61–65, 96
Fishman, Rose and Ralph 338
Fiske, Daniel H. 339
Fisk University 105
Folsom, James E. “Big Jim” 212, 218, 219
Forbes, Michael P-12
Forman, Jim 118, 131, 133, 137–140, 146, 147, 149, 150, 154, 168, 169, 173–178, 207, 226, 234, 235, 236, 251, 254, 260, 269, 270, 286, 287, 288–289, 290, 292, 298, 299, 337, P-8
Forrest, Nathan Bedford 151
Fort Pillow massacre 151
Fosl, Catherine 337
Foss, Danny 240–242, 243, 287
Foster, Autherine Lucy 43. See also Lucy, Autherine
Foster, Grazia 43
Frankenthaler, Helen 314
Frazier, Franklin 136
Freedom Curriculum 317, 318–321
Freedom House 257
Freedom Rides 61, 89–100, 109–110, 131, 147, 174, 186, 190, 209, 214, 231, 246, 277
Freedom Schools 255, 256–257, 285
Freedom Singers 234, 243, 272, 318
Freedom Song 322
Freedom Summer 246–287, 277, 291, 293
Free Speech Movement 277
Fundi 315
G
Gaiamo, Robert 290
Gallion, MacDonald 10, 73, 75, 81, 103, 220
Gandhi 195, 209
Ganz, Marshall 277
Garman, Betty 144
Garner, C. C. 128–131, 332
Garrett, Ivory 310
Generation on Fire 338
Georgia House of Representatives 288
Gestapo 20
Gidrey, Earlene 301
Gillespie, Charlie 313
Glisson, Susan 319
Gober, Bertha 178, 234
Goldwater, Barry 275
Goodman, Andrew 247–252, 257, 277, 284, 303
Graetz, Bob and Jeannie 93
Grant, Joanne 213, 215, 278, 292, 315, 317, 337
Gray, Duncan 230
Gray, Fred D., Sr. 64, 97
Gray, James 180
The Great Depression 18, 22
Greene County. Alabama 214
Green, Edith 276
Green, George 260, 261
Greensboro, North Carolina 118, 214
Greenville, Mississippi 253
Greenwood, Mississippi 253–267
Gregory, Jan 68
Greyhound 89, 90, 91, 96, 155, 169, 209
GROW Project 276, 290, 295–299, 300–313, 336
Gulfcoast Pulpwood Associatio
n 290, 311, 313
Gulf, Mobile, and Ohio Railroad 17
Gumbs, Harriet 323
Gumbs, Lance 323
Guy, George 162
Guyot, Lawrence 267, 339
H
Haber, Al 143
Haile, Ben 322
Halberstam, David 339
Haley, Richard 190
Hall, Blanton 178
Hall, Gwendolyn Midlow 338
Hamer, Fannie Lou 263, 276, 278, 301
Hampton, John 339
Hanson, Bill 242
Hardy, Harvey 25, 96, 164, 309
Hardy, J. J. 18, 22, 23
Hardy, Rosetta 27
Hardy, Ruby Rachael. See Zellner, Ruby Rachael Hardy
Harper, Julia 65
Harrington, Orange 302, 304
Harvard University 48, 86, 87, 128, 129, 145, 245, 277, 280, 282, 283, 306, 317, 318
Hattiesburg, Mississippi 255
Hayden, Casey 141, 144, 149, 175, 178, 186, 244, 278, 339
Hayden, Tom 141–143, 149, 175, 182, 183, 186, 244, 339
Hayes, Curtis 155, 177, 256
Haymarket Fund 307
Head Start 301
Head, William 49, 56–60, 63–72, 81–88, 91
Helstein, Ralph 107
Helstein, Toni 106
Henley, Claude 92
Henry, Aaron 256, 263, 264
Hermann, Susan 109
Heyman, John 306
Higgson, Mike 313
Higgs, William 169
Highlander Center 106. See also Highlander Folk School
Highlander Folk School 14, 101–111, 102, 106, 114, 115, 124, 135, 264, 299, 301
Hildreth, Red 332
Hill, Joe 300
Hill, John 49–51, 56–60, 63–72, 81–88, 220, 221–224
Hill, Lance 315, 337
Hoffman, Abbie 262
Holmes County, Mississippi 257
Holy Cross Neighborhood Association 313
homosexuality 119
Hoover, J. Edgar 92, 168
Horne, Lena 185, 268
Horton, Aimee 103–107
Horton, Charis 103
Horton, Myles 101–109, 114, 299
Horton, Thorsten 103
Horton, Zilphia 103, 105
Howard University 144, 190
Hull House 104
Humphrey, Hubert 276
Huntingdon College 10, 11, 47, 48–60, 61–72, 74, 83, 84, 85–88, 90, 101, 115, 124, 141, 174, 219, 220–225, 233, 315, 334
Huntingdon Five 10, 61–72, 81–88, 91, 96, 101
Hurricane, Alabama 129
Hurricane Katrina 313
Hurst, E. H. 155
I
identity politics 277
Illinois Central Railroad 175
Imus, Don 279
informers 288–289
International Woodworkers of America 303
Interstate Commerce Commission 89, 174, 179
Irola, Judy 315, 334, 337
Ishey, Herbert 303, 304, 308
J
Jackson, Jesse 217
Jackson, Mississippi 231
Jasper County, Mississippi 308
Jay, Florida 17, 22
Jenkins, Esau 105
Jenkins, Tim 144–145
Jews 255, 294, 329
John Brown statute 236, 238
Johnson, Frank M., Jr. 229
Johnson, Glenda 44, 47
Johnson, Lyndon B. 251, 252, 275–277
Johnson, Paul 249–251
Jolly, J. D. 303, 304
Jones, Bob, Sr. 20, 22, 335, P-1
Jones, Charles 145, 155, 159, 169, 178
Jones County, Mississippi 308
Jones, Jeff 337
Jones, Marshall P-13
Jones, Matthew 234, 317, 318, 320, P-13
Jones, Willie Mae 179
Jordan, Charles 309
jubilee 122
“The Judge, He Went Wild Over Me” 105
K
Katzenbach, Nicholas 251
Kelly, Asa 181
Kennedy, Jackie 146
Kennedy, John F. 90, 91, 97, 99, 131, 179–181, 285
Kennedy, Robert F. 90, 92, 96, 97, 99, 131, 180–181, 285
Kerhonkson, New York 292
King, Ed 134–135
King, Reverend Ed 249, 256
King, Lonnie 145
King, Martin Luther, Jr. 17, 49–51, 54, 62–64, 77, 78, 96–99, 101, 103, 114, 119, 146, 181, 185, 195, 226, 277–279, 291, 320
King, Mary 234, 236
Kingston Springs, Tennessee 291
Kinoy, Arthur 215
Kisseloff, Jeff 338
Klein, Joel 319
Koeferl, John 313, 314
Koeferl, Vicki 313
Kolbenheyer, Cynthia 328
Kombrink, Lisa 339
Ku Klux Klan 11, 12, 17, 18, 20, 22–23, 38, 39, 42, 43, 48, 49, 50, 51, 57, 69, 71, 73, 80, 81, 84, 86, 87, 89, 92, 95, 97, 108, 109, 118, 125, 129, 130, 138, 144, 146, 151, 152, 161, 163, 165, 177, 225, 226, 228, 229, 233, 248, 249, 250, 252, 253, 254, 259, 262, 263, 268, 285, 288, 303, 304, 307, 308, 310, 312
and politicians 95
Kunstler, William 314, 338
L
Lafayette, Bernard 61, 95, 154, 320, P-13
Lafayette, Kate P-13
Lake Junaluska, North Carolina 125, 132, 220
Lamont, Corliss 306
Lamont, Margaret 306
LaRosa, Roberta 340
Laurel, Mississippi 290, 302, 307–311
Laursen, Per 175–178, 182, 183, 212
Lawless, Richard 340
Lawson, James 99, 269
Lee, Bernard 52, 175
Lee, Herbert 150, 155, 156, 175, 177, 251
Leflore County, Mississippi 253
Leonard, Freddy 95
The Lesson 130
Lewis, John 53, 61, 95–96, 99, 147, 177, 273, 283, 291–292
Liberty, Mississippi 150, 155, 177
Lingo, Al 220, 224–229, 231, 232
Litton Industries 303
Livingston, Sonny Kyle 75, 126
Long, Huey P. 38
Long Island University/Southampton College 317, 327
Long, Worth 291
Lookout Mountain 109
Louisville, Kentucky 77
Lowenstein, Allard 255
Lowery, Joseph 50
Lowndes County, Alabama 140, 286
Loxley, Alabama 23, 28, 30, 230
Lucy, Autherine 42–43
lynching 150, 164, 167, 279
Lynd, Staughton 256
Lyon, Danny 236, 338
M
Mabank, Texas 23
Madison, Wisconsin 115
Magnolia, Mississippi 156, 164, 165
Malbis, Alabama 28
Malcolm X 293, 297
male chauvinism 143, 279
Maney, Patrick 316
Mann, Floyd 92, 96, 224–225, 229
Mants, Bob 140
Mao Zedong 104
March on Washington 245
Marcus, Henry 71, 72
Marshall, Thurgood 180
Martin, Marie and Steve 313
Masonite 290, 302, 303, 304, 305, 307, 308, 312
Masons 40, 153, 157
Massachusetts Institute of Technology 317
Massengale, Glenn 65
Mathis, Johnny 268
Mathison, John Ed 72
McCain, E. G. 235, 242
McCarty, M. O. 308–311, 312
McColgan Brothers 151
McComb Cotton M
ills 151
McComb, Mississippi 139, 142, 149, 150–172, 177, 190, 207, 256, 319
McDew, Chuck 155, 157–160, 169, 177, 186, 190–206, 241, 256, 273, 278, 328–329, 335, 339, P-4
McGhee, Clarence (a.k.a.) 257
McGhee, Hildreth 234–236, 243
McGhee, Jake 257, 258
McGhee, Laura 257, 258–259
McGhee, Silas 254, 257, 258, 259–262
McLeod, Fletcher 74, 129–131, 228, 332
McLeod, Francis 83, 93, 227
McLeod, Powers 83, 228
Meredith, James 230, 252, 320
Methodist Church 17, 18, 48, 83, 141, 221
Alabama-West Florida Conference of 23, 73, 74, 83, 120, 125, 128, 132, 220
progressive ministers in 127
Methodist Student Movement 220
Miles College 270
Miller, Barney 242
Miller, Dottie 214, 234, 236, 241, 242–243, 244. See also Zellner, Dottie
Miller, Linda. See Miller-Zellner, Linda
Miller, Sara 242
Miller+Zellner Associates 328
Miller-Zellner, Linda 317, 322, 327–328, 340, P-16
Minnis, Jack 286, 301, 303, 308, 313, 337, P-10
Mississippi 100, 112, 139, 148, 175, 181, 213, 246, 283, 286, 293
Mississippi Delta 253, 255, 301
Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party 255, 258, 275–277, 312
Mississippi Human Relations Council 254
Mississippi Sovereignty Commission 288
Mississippi: The Closed Society 230
Mister Charlie 191
Mitford, Jessica 93, 97, 98
Mizrahi, Roberto 336
Mobile, Alabama 27–31, 39–47
Mobile Bay 28, 120–123
Money, Mississippi 150
Monteagle, Tennessee 101, 106
Montgomery Advertiser 69
Montgomery, Alabama 48–60, 61–72, 73–88, 89–100, 109
Montgomery Bus Boycott 10, 49, 53, 84, 109, 119, 320, 321
Montgomery Civic Ballet 161
Montgomery Improvement Association 49, 53, 78, 87, 219
Montgomery, Lady 255
Montgomery Little Theatre 55
Moore, Amzie 148, 263, 264
Moore, William 231, 246. See also William Moore march
Morehouse University 140, 145
Morgan, Camille 214
Morgan, Charles “Chuck”, Jr. 214–216, 226–228
Morse, Wayne 290
Moses, Bob 13, 135, 139, 148, 150, 152, 154–155, 157–160, 169–170, 175, 177, 246, 256, 263, 320, 329
Move On Mississippi 177
Mt. Juliet, Tennessee 118
Muhammad, Elijah 294
Murder Creek 37
Murphy High School 39, 43–47
music 148, 179, 320
Muslims 294
Myrdal, Gunnar 48, 141
N
NAACP 10, 42, 49, 219, 223, 255, 339
Nash, Diane 95, 99, 143, 145, 147, 169, 177, 273, 278, 320
Nashville student movement 109