The Wrong Side of Murder Creek
Page 42
Nashville, Tennessee 90, 99, 111, 147, 269
National Civil Rights Coordinating Committee 318
National Guardian 213
National Lawyers Guild 213, 258
National Review 80, 143, 145
Nealy, James 310
Nelson, Bruce 339
Neshoba County, Mississippi 247, 248, 251, 284
The New Abolitionists 9
New Deal 93
New England 105
New Haven, Connecticut 289, 295
“New Left” 11
Newman, Paul 273
New Orleans Home for Incurables 313
New Orleans, Jackson and Northern Railroad 150
New Orleans, Louisiana 111, 190, 300
Newport Folk Festival 272
Newsweek 136
Newton, Alabama 22, 23
New Yorker 98
New York, New York 314, 319
New York Times 50, 92, 175, 215
New York Times Company 50
Nickerman, Julie 338
Niebuhr, Reinhold 104, 106
“9-11” 120
Nixon, E. D. 17, 18, 49, 62, 93
nonviolence 62, 87, 92, 99, 147, 195, 206, 211, 216, 234–237, 236, 239, 246, 257, 262, 265, 284–285, 311
NSA. See United States National Student Association
O
Obama, Barack 313
Olmsted, Frederick Law, Jr. 48
Onco, Bobby 340
Orris, Peter 254
Owens, Charles H., III 65, 222
Oxford, Mississippi 319
Oxford, Ohio 246
Oxnam, Garfield Bromley 74, 241
oysters 23, 24
P
Painter, Willie B. 54, 220, 223, 228, 280, 281, 282
Palestinians 294
Parchman Prison 97, 277
Parker, Mack 150
Parks, Rosa 62, 93, 101, 114, 226, 320
Parrish Pond Associates 322
Pascagoula, Mississippi 303
Paschal’s Restaurant 135
Patterson, John 74, 75, 92, 97, 131, 219, 229
Pauley, Jane 320
Payne, Charles 339
Peacock, Wazir 267
Peg Leg Bates Hotel 292
Peking, China 214
Pentecostal church 231, 234
Perdue, John 145
Pettigrew, Tom 48, 141
Philadelphia, Mississippi 248, 257, 319
Phillips, Bessie 121
Phillips, Henry 120, 122
Phillips, Talley 122
Poitier, Sidney 268
police misconduct 90, 91, 97, 159, 190, 211, 232, 248, 258, 261, 325
Pope, Doug 27–30, 44
Pope, Lavada 27–30, 39–40, 44
populism 38, 101, 218
Posey, Buford 251
Potter, Paul 142
poverty 127, 301, 302, 312
Powell, Adam Clayton 218
Powell, Larry 316, 337
Powell, Ray 45
Price, Cecil 249, 285
Pritchett, Laurie 175, 178–180
Project Zero 319
Proudfoot, Wayne 220
Putting the Movement Back Into Civil Rights Teaching 319
Q
Queens College 241, 336
R
Rabinowitz, Boudin, Standard, Krenski, and Lieberman 314
Rabinowitz, Victor 213, 215, 314, 337
race relations 48
racial misapprehensions 208–209
Radcliffe College 283
Rainey, Lawrence 249, 285
Ramsay, Claude 303
Randolph, A. Philip 17
Ratner, Margie 338
Ratner, Michael 338
Rauh, Joe, Jr. 276
Reagan-Bush strategists 276
Reagon, Bernice Johnson 234
Reagon, Cordell 174, 177, 234, 243
Reconstruction 105, 150, 156, 317
red-baiting 74, 119, 214, 304
Red Collective 288
“red diaper baby” 242
Reed, Joe L. 52
Republican Party 180, 276
Revels, Hiram R. 156
“Revolution in Mississippi” 182
Richardson, Judy 339
Ricks, Willie 296
The Rights of Man 308
Robinson, Reggie 136, 155, 168, 317, 329–330, 339
Robinson, Ruby Doris Smith 143, 145, 273, 278
Rock City 107, 109
Rockefeller, Abby 336
Rockefeller Fund 307
Rockefeller, Peggy 336
Rocky Mount College 124
Rollins, Avon 234–237
Roosevelt, Eleanor 104, 106, 212
Roosevelt, Franklin D. 93, 275
Roosevelt, Teddy 213
Rose, Barbara 314
Rosenfeld, Joan 338
Rubin, Larry P-13
Ruffin, Susie 304, 308
Ruleville, Mississippi 301
Rustin, Bayard 119
Ryan, William Fitz 251
S
Sacher, Abraham 243
Salinger, Pierre 251, 252
Salvation Army 31
Satterfield, John C. 171
Savio, Mario 277
Scarritt College 62
SCEF. See Southern Conference Education Fund
Schaefer, Jack and Jill 288
Schwenk, Marla 339
Schwerner, Michael 247–252, 257, 277, 284, 303
Schwerner, Rita 247, 248–252
SCLC. See Southern Christian Leadership Conference
Sea Islands 105
Searcy, Hubert 65, 74, 75, 84, 86, 221
Searles, A. C. 178
Seay, Solomon S., Sr. 50, 95
sedition 238
seed pod 106
Seeger, Pete 105, 270–272
Seeger, Toshi 270, 271
segregation 48–60, 84, 87, 118, 141, 175, 185, 210, 216, 219, 231, 246, 297, 332
and progressive whites 141
customs of 37–38, 41–42, 50–51, 66, 89
international image of 90, 181
Seigenthaler, John, Sr. 92, 96, 109–110, 320
Selina, Countess of Huntingdon 48
Selma March 283
Seven Z’s cabin 39, 120, 332, 333, 335, P-3
Shaw University 146
Shay, Chris P-12
Sherrod, Charles 140, 145, 147, 174, 175, 177, 186
Shiloh Baptist Church (Albany) 179
Shinnecock Indian Reservation 230, 322–327, P-14
Shirah, Sam 88, 218, 220, 221–224, 231–233
Shug the inmate 183–185
Shuttlesworth, Fred 50, 92, 97, 219
Sidney Lanier High School 81
Silver, James 230
Simmons College 317
Simmons, James 311
Simone, Nina 273
Simpkins, Modjeska 105, 278
sit-in movement 52, 62, 90, 105, 112, 118, 123, 145, 147, 169, 207, 209, 214, 234, 283
Sitton, Claude 215
slavery 105, 253
Sledd, Andrew 128
Slocomb, Alabama 22, 24–27
Smiley, Glenn 74, 86
Smith, Ben 229, 300
Smith, Ruby Doris. See Robinson, Ruby Doris Smith
SNCC. See Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
SNCC: In Struggle 294
Snell, Harvey 22, 333
social gospel 129
Socialist Club 117
Southampton, New York 230, 317
South Carolina State College 329
>
Southern Baptists 117
Southern Christian Leadership Conference 104, 135, 146, 175, 223, 255–267, 283, 291
Southern Conference Education Fund 10, 101, 105, 118, 119, 141, 172, 174, 196, 205, 214, 241, 272, 297, 298, 300, 303, 304, 306, 307
Southern Farmer 93
Southern Patriot 10, 77, 78, 80, 101
Southern Regional Council 242
Southern Student Human Relations Seminar 14, 114–119, 140
Southern Student Organizing Committee 277
Southern University 190
“Southern way of life” 144
Southampton, New York 322–328
Spelman College 105, 149, 175
Spitzer, Eliot 323
Spock, Dr. Benjamin 290
Stateman, Ed 340
Stein, Eleanor 337
Stein, Maurice 243
Stembridge, Jane 9, 119, 143
Steptoe, E. W. 148, 263
Stillman College 270
St. Jude Hospital 61, 94–95
Stone, Academic Dean 65
The Strange Career of Jim Crow 48
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee 14, 59, 60, 61, 64, 80, 83, 88, 98, 102, 103, 104, 111, 112, 118, 118–119, 124, 125, 131, 133, 134–298, 300, 301, 303, 304, 307, 311, 312, 315, 317, 318, 319, 329, 330, 338, 339, P-4–P-10
and Vietnam war 277, 287, 294
conferences, staff meetings of 118, 119, 146, 148, 151, 278, 291, 292, 296, 317
financing of 147, 213, 238–240, 268, 272, 291, 306–307
founding of 138, 146
interracial nature of 9, 286–288, 291–299
projects and activities of 11, 139, 147, 207, 246
staff members 142
staff of 119, 131, 140
women in 143, 278–279, 313
Students for a Democratic Society 142, 182
The Student Voice 145
Sullivan, L. B. 92
Sullivan, Pat 317, 339
Sutter, Cheryl 318
“Sweet Auburn” 131
Swenson, Dr. 93
T
Taitt, Lenora 175
Talladega, Alabama 207–216
Talladega College 207–212, 270
Tallahatchie County 254
Tanner, Doug P-13
Tanzman, Harriet P-13
Tatum, Gordon 45
Taylor, Kerry 339
Teaching For Change 319, 321
Tea Room 75, 221, 222, 223
Tennessee 106, 116
Tennessee Coal and Iron Company 38
Thomas, Joe 48–51, 55–60, 62–72, 73, 81–88, 91–98, 327
Thornbery, Jerry 339
Till, Emmett 150
Times v. Sullivan 50
Toccoa Falls Institute 18
To Kill a Mockingbird 82
Tomorrow Is Now 213
Tougaloo College 153
Trailways 89, 90, 178
Travis, Brenda 155, 156, 169, 177, 209
Traxler, Ike 301
Troy, Alabama 53
Tubman, Harriet 320
Tulane University 315, 316, 317, 337
Turnbow, Hartman 257
Turner, Charles 65, 70, 75, 222
Turnipseed, Andrew 129
U
Union Railway Terminal 178
unions 101, 245, 302–305, 307
Union Springs, Alabama 82, 86
Union Theological Seminary 9
United Fruit Company 39
United States National Student Association 14, 105, 114, 115, 140, 141, 142, 144
University of Alabama 42–43, 88
University of Chicago 103
University of Mississippi 230, 319
University of Tennessee 112
University of Wisconsin 114
U.S. Air Force 124
U.S. Civil Rights Commission 212
U.S. Justice Department 155, 180, 212, 248, 251
U. S. Senate Judiciary Committee 180
U.S. State Department 214
U.S. Supreme Court 180, 205, 288
V
vagrancy 193, 225
Vails, Dorothy 207
Vanderbilt University 62
Vandiver, Ernest 181
Vicksburg, Mississippi 253
Vietnam war 124, 287, 294
violence 41, 89–97, 95, 107, 150–172, 211, 231, 234, 236, 238, 245, 246, 256, 283, 285
voter registration 11, 61, 105, 135, 147, 150, 255, 264–265
1965 Voting Rights Act 13
W
Wackenhut 305
Walden Pond 209
Waldron, George 71, 77–78, 91
Walker, Wyatt Tee 135, 175
Wallace, George 31, 103, 217–220, 225, 226, 229, 231, 233, 249–251, 277, 280–282, 285, 304
Wallace, Lurleen 217
the “Wallace Question” 217
Ware, Bill 298
Washington, Booker T. 128, 130
Watkins, Hollis 155, 158, 177, 256, 320
Weather Underground 295, 337
Weber, Thomas 324
Weinberger, Eric 232
Weinstein, Jeff 339
“We’ll Never Turn Back” 178
“We Shall Overcome” 105, 271
Wesley, Charles 48
Wesley, John 48
West, Don 101
Western College for Women 247
Wheelock College 317
White Citizens Councils 48, 219, 255, 263
White, Edward 210
White, J. J. 151
White Knights of the KKK 303
White, Rita 339
white supremacy 22, 219, 312
Whitsett, Dan 129
Wilbur, Susan 62, 96, 105, 108, 109–113, P-4
William Moore march 190, 231–233
Williams, Aubrey 76, 93, 103
Williams, Hank 226
William Winter Institute for Racial Reconciliation 319
Wisconsin State Archives 335
Wobblies 303
women’s liberation 11, 278
Woodward, C. Vann 48, 114, 115, 117, 141
Wounded Knee 288
Y
Young Americans for Freedom 144
Young, Andrew 104
Young, Jack 168, 169–170
YWCA 115, 141
Z
Zellner, Ashley 336
Zellner, Bessie Carmichael 18
Zellner, Bob
and Highlander Folk School 101–119
arrests, beatings, jailings of 157–172, 179–185, 186–189, 190–206, 212, 213, 220, 224–229, 232–233, 235, 239, 283–284, 325–326
as builder, carpenter 313, 314, 328
as “campus traveler” 136, 141, 143, 145, 150, 174, 207
as filmmaker, writer, lecturer 315, 328
as SNCC staffer 9, 111, 119, 134–298
at Huntingdon College 10, 48–60
banishment from Alabama 216
birth 17
childhood of 23–36
education of 27, 29, 32, 39–47, 241, 245, 316
family background of 17–36, 120–126, 333
wives and children of 242, 244, 286, 300, 313, 317
youth of 37–47
Zellner, Cathrin Ruby (Katie) 300, 313, 333, 336, P-11, P-16
Zellner, Davey 335
Zellner, David 17, 22, 28, 121, 123–124, 333, 335, P-3, P-15
Zellner, Dottie 98, 244–245, 246, 253, 260, 268, 270–272, 280, 282, 286–287, 288, 289–290, 292–293, 295–299, 300–301, 306, 313, 336, 339, P-6, P-10
Zellner, Doug 17, 22, 28, 33, 121, 123–124, 333, 33
5, P-3, P-15
Zellner, Francis 336
Zellner, James Abraham 11, 17, 18, 20–26, 34–35, 45, 69, 73–76, 101, 120–121, 169–171, 230, 241, 331–333, P-1, P-2, P-15
Zellner, Jason 335
Zellner, Jim 17, 22, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31–36, 120–126, 216, 333, 334, P-3, P-15
Zellner, J. O. 17, P-2
Zellner, Judy 335
Zellner, Linda. See Miller-Zellner, Linda
Zellner, Malcolm 17, 22, 103, 106–107, 108, 121, 123–124, 332, 335–336, P-15
Zellner, Margaret Rachel 286, 289, 300, 313, 318, 333, 336, P-11, P-16
Zellner, Mark 335
Zellner, Mike 335
Zellner, Peter 336
Zellner, Rachael 336
Zellner, Ruby Rachael Hardy 11, 18–20, 22–28, 33–35, 120–121, 123–126, 230, 233, 331–333, P-2, P-15
Zellner, Ruth 335
Zellner, Stephen 336
Zellner, Suzanne 332, 335
Zellner v. Lingo 228, 229
Zinn, Howard 9, 105, 118, 149, 317, 339
Zwerg, Jim 61, 94–95, 109, 154
About the Author
Bob Zellner joined the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s, eventually becoming a field secretary for the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee. Fifty years after the movement, Zellner continues to advocate for equal rights. He currently lives and teaches in New York state.
Constance Curry is a writer, activist, and a fellow at the Institute for Women’s Studies, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia. The first white woman on the SNCC Executive Committee in 1960, she continued working in the South with the American Friends Service Committee. Since retirement, Curry has written an award-winning book, Silver Rights; co-authored Aaron Henry: The Fire Ever Burning and Mississippi Harmony: Memoirs of a Freedom Fighter; and has written and edited for Deep in our Hearts: Nine White Women in the Freedom Movement.
To learn more about Bob Zellner and The Wrong Side of Murder Creek, visit www.newsouthbooks.com/murdercreek.
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