Africa
Page 150
Wilson, Monica and Leonard Thompson (editors), The Oxford History of South Africa II South Africa 1870–1966, Oxford University Press, 1971
The World Bank, Accelerated Development in Sub-Saharan Africa An Agenda for Action, The World Bank, 1981
—, Adjustment Lending An Evaluation of Ten Years of Experience, The World Bank, 1988
—, World Development Report 1986, The World Bank, 1986
—, Financing Adjustment with Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa, 1986–1990, The World Bank, 1986
—, World Development Report 1990, The World Bank, 1990
—, The World Bank Annual Reports (1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990), The World Bank
Yeager, Rodger, Tanzania An African Experiment, Westview Press, 1989
ANNUAL REVIEWS, YEARBOOKS, MAGAZINES AND NEWSPAPERS
Africa Contemporary Record (yearbook) 1968 to 1990, Africana Publishing Company
Africa South of the Sahara (yearbook) Europa Publications
The Middle East and North Africa (yearbook) Europa Publications
The Annual Register (yearbook) Keesings Worldwide
Africa Digest (bi-monthly) 1958–1974, The Africa Publications Trust
West Africa Magazine
African Business
New African
Keesings Contemporary Record
Newspapers and the internet
Index
A
Abacha, Sani ref1, ref2, ref3
Abate, Atnafu ref1
Abbas, Ferhat ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Abboud, Ibraham Pasha ref1, ref2
Abdallah, Ahmed ref1
Abdessalam, Belaid ref1, ref2
Abrahams, Peter ref1, ref2
Abubakar, President ref1
see also Alhaji Abubakar Tafewa Balewa
Acheampong, Ignatius Kutu ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Acheson, Dean ref1
Achour, Habib ref1, ref2
Acyl, Ahmed ref1
Ademole, Sir Adetokumboh ref1
Adendorf, Dr J. ref1
Adjei, Ako ref1, ref2
Adoko, Akena ref1
Adoula, Cyrille ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
AEF see French Equatorial Africa
Afewerki, Issayas ref1, ref2, ref3
Africa ref1
Africa Command (AFRICOM) ref1, ref2
Africa Confidectial ref1
Africa Digest ref1
Africa Rising? (Taylor and Currey) ref1, ref2
Africa, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) ref1
African Affairs ref1
African Business ref1
African Coastal and Border Security Program (ACPSB) ref1
African Contingency Operations Training and Assistance (ACOTA) ref1
African Growth and Opportunity Act ref1
African Union see AU; OAU
Afrifa, Akwasi ref1, ref2
agriculture ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22, ref23, ref24, ref25, ref26, ref27, ref28, ref29, ref30, ref31, ref32, ref33, ref34, ref35, ref36, ref37, ref38, ref39, ref40, ref41, ref42, ref43, ref44
Aguiyi-Ironsi, Johnson ref1, ref2
Ahidjo, Ahmadou ref1, ref2, ref3
Ahmed, Kaid ref1, ref2
Ahomalegbe, Justin ref1, ref2
aid ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22, ref23, ref24, ref25, ref26, ref27, ref28, ref29, ref30, ref31, ref32, ref33
Algeria ref1, ref2
American ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17
Arab ref1
Belgian ref1, ref2
British ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11
Burundi ref1, ref2
Cameroon ref1
Canadian ref1
Central African Republic ref1, ref2
Chad ref1, ref2
Chinese ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17
Cold War ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Congo (DRC) ref1
corrupting influence of ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Danish ref1
Dutch ref1, ref2
EC ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Egypt ref1
Equatorial Guinea ref1
Ethiopia ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
French ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
Gabon ref1
German ref1, ref2
Ghana ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Guinea ref1, ref2, ref3
Guinea-Bissau ref1, ref2
growth of ref1, ref2
Israeli ref1
Japanese ref1
Kenya ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Lesotho ref1
Liberia ref1, ref2
Libya ref1
Malawi ref1, ref2, ref3
Mali ref1, ref2
Mozambique ref1, ref2
Niger ref1
Nigeria ref1
Norwegian ref1
Red Cross ref1
Rwanda ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Senegal ref1, ref2
Somalia ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Soviet ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9
Sudan ref1, ref2, ref3
Swedish ref1
Tanzania/Tanganyika ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
Togo ref1, ref2
Uganda ref1, ref2
United Nations ref1, ref2,, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Upper Volta ref1
Western ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11
Zaïre ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Zambia ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Zimbabwe ref1
Aideed, Farah ref1, ref2, ref3
Aideed, Hussein ref1, ref2
AIDS/HIV ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
drugs ref1
South Africa ref1, ref2
Zimbabwe ref1, ref2, ref3
Akintola, Samuel ref1, ref2, ref3
Akuffo, Frederick ref1, ref2
Al Nasr ref1
Albright, Madeleine ref1, ref2
Alexandra, Princess ref1
Alfred, Raoul ref1
Algeria ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14
Arab Spring ref1, ref2
agriculture ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
aid ref1, ref2
civil war ref1, ref2, ref3
coups ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
corruption ref1
education ref1, ref2, ref3
independence ref1, ref2
war of ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13
Islam ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10
NIEO ref1, ref2
OAU ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
oil ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9
population ref1
refugees ref1
World War II ref1
Amoako, K. Y. ref1
American Business Week ref1
Amery, Julian ref1
Amin, Idi ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10
Andon, Aman Michael ref1, ref2, ref3
Andrade, Joaquim Pinto de ref1
Anga, Pierre ref1
Angola ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20
agriculture ref1
arms supply ref1
Cabinda ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
China ref1
civil war ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14
corruption ref1
DRC ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
education ref1
independence ref1, ref2, ref3
struggle ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
mercenaries ref1
mineral wealth ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
OAU ref1, ref2, ref3
oil ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
population ref1
refugees ref1
Ankrah, Joseph ref1, ref2, ref3
Annan, Kofi ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
Ansar Dine ref1
Antunes, Melo ref1
apartheid ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22, ref23, ref24, ref25, ref26
Apithy, Sourou-Migan ref1, ref2
Appiah, Joe ref1
Aptidon, Hassan Gouled ref1, ref2
AQIM (al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb) ref1, ref2
Arab Spring ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Aref, Ali ref1
Armah, Kwesi ref1, ref2
Arriaga, Kaulza de ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Arusha Declaration ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9
Asante, S. K. B. ref1
Aswan Dam project ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
al-Ata, Hashim ref1
Attlee, Clement ref1, ref2, ref3
Attwood, William ref1, ref2, ref3
AU (African Union) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
see also OAU
Awolowo, Obafemi ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10
Awote, Mohamed Idris ref1
el Ayari, Dr Shazali ref1
Azawad ref1
el-Azhari, Ismail ref1
Azikiwe, Dr Nnamdi ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
Aznar, José María ref1
B
Babangida, Ibraham ref1, ref2
Bagaza, Jean Baptiste ref1, ref2, ref3
Bahrain ref1
Bailey, Martin ref1
Bakhush, Abdul Hamid ref1
Balewa, Alhaji Abubakar Tafewa ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
see also President Abubakar
Bali, Domkat Ya ref1
Ban Ki-moon ref1
Banana, Canaan ref1
Banda, Hastings (Kamuzu) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13
Banda, Joyce ref1
Bangara, John ref1
Banghart, M. D. ref1
Bangui, Sylvestre ref1
Bante, Teferi ref1, ref2, ref3
Baptista, Moreira ref1
Barker, Anthony ref1
Barre, Mohammed Siad ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17
Bathily, Abdoulaye ref1
al-Bashir, Omar ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Basutoland 3345, ref1
independence ref1, ref2
see also Lesotho
Baudouin, King ref1, ref2, ref3
Beaufré, André ref1
Bechuanaland ref1
education ref1
indpendence ref1, ref2
see aso Botswana
Bédié, Henri Konan ref1
Begin, Menachim ref1
Belgium ref1, ref2
colonial power ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14
Congo Crisis ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10
Rwanda ref1, ref2, ref3
Belhadj, Ali ref1, ref2, ref3
Belkacem, Sherif ref1
Belkhodja, Tahar ref1
Bello, Ahmadu ref1, ref2
Bemba, Jean-Pierre ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Ben Ali, Zine al-Abidine ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Ben Barka, Mehdi ref1, ref2, ref3
Ben Bella, Ahmed ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
Ben Khedda, Ben Joussef ref1
ben Youssef, Salah ref1
Benhima, Ahmed Taibi ref1
Benin ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
coups ref1, ref2, ref3
Mali ref1
see also Dahomey
Benjedid, Chadli ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
Bentwich, Norman ref1
Berenger, Paul ref1, ref2
Berlusconi, Silvio ref1, ref2
Besigye, Kizza ref1
Bevin, Ernest ref1, ref2
Biafra ref1, ref2, ref3
civil war ref1, ref2
mercenaries ref1
see also Nigeria
Biermann, H. ref1
Biko, Steve ref1, ref2
bin Abdulla, Seyyid Jamshid ref1
Bingham, Thomas ref1
Birindwa, Faustin ref1
Bissell, Richard ref1
Biya, Paul ref1, ref2
Bizerta Crisis ref1
Bizimunga, Casimir ref1
Blair, David ref1
Blair, Tony ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12
Bligh, Tim ref1
Blue Nile ref1
Boesak, Allan ref1
Boganda, Barthelemy ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Bokassa, Jean-Bédel ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Boko Haram ref1, ref2
Bokungu, Mahele Lyoko ref1
Bomboko, Justin ref1, ref2
Bongo, (Omar) Albert-Bernard ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
Booh-Booh, Jacques-Roger ref1, ref2
Botchway, Kwesi ref1, ref2
Botha, M. C. ref1, ref2, ref3
Botha, P. W. ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12
Botha, Roelf ‘Pik’ ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
Botsio, Kojo ref1
Botswana ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9
agriculture ref1
aid ref1, ref2
China ref1
independence ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
mineral wealth ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
see also Bechuanaland
Bottomley, Arthur ref1, ref2
BOTZAM Road ref1
Boudiaf, Muhammad ref1
Boumedienne, Houari ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11
Bourguiba, Habib ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9
Bouteflika, Abdelaziz ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Boutros-Ghali, Boutros ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
Bozize, François ref1, ref2
Brahimi, Abdelhamid ref1
Brandt, Willy ref1
Brazil ref1, ref2
Brezhnev, Leonard ref1, ref2
BRICs group ref1
Britain
aid ref1, ref2
Brexit ref1
colonial power ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22, ref23, ref24, ref25, ref26, ref27, ref28, ref29, ref30, ref31, ref32, ref33, ref34, ref35, ref36, ref37, ref38, ref39, ref40, ref41, ref42, ref43, ref44, ref45, ref46, ref47, ref48, ref49, ref50, ref51, ref52, ref53, ref54, ref55, ref56, ref57, ref58, ref59, ref60, ref61, ref62, ref63, ref64, ref65, ref66, ref67, ref68, ref69, ref70, ref71, ref72, ref73, ref74
Congo (Brazzaville) ref1
Congo (Democratic Republic of) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
globalization ref1
Iraq War ref1
Libya ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Mozambique ref1, ref2
NEPAD ref1
OAU ref1, ref2
Rhodesia ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Rwanda ref1, ref2, ref3
Sierra Leone ref1, ref2
South Africa ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9
Suez Crisis ref1, ref2
Uganda ref1
World War II ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Zimbabwe ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Brockway, F
enner ref1
Brook, Norman ref1, ref2
Buganda ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
see also Uganda
Buhari, Muhammed ref1, ref2, ref3
Bulletin de L’Afrique Noire ref1
Bunsen, Sir Bernard de ref1
Die Burger ref1
Burkina Faso ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
coups ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Mali ref1
terrorism ref1
see also Upper Volta
Buron, Robert ref1
Burundi ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11
aid ref1, ref2, ref3
civil war ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9
coups ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
DRC ref1, ref2
genocide ref1, ref2
independence ref1, ref2, ref3
OAU ref1, ref2
sanctions ref1
Bush, George Jr ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Bush, George Sr ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Busia, Dr Kofi ref1, ref2, ref3
Buthelezi, Chief Mangosuthu
Gatsha ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
Buyoya, Pierre ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Bwanausi, Augustine ref1
C
Cabinda ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
see also Angola
Cabora Bassa Dam project ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
Cabral, Amilcar ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
Cabral, Luis ref1, ref2, ref3
Caetano, Dr Marcelo ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12
Camara, Iafai ref1
Cameroon ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15
agriculture ref1, ref2
aid ref1
independence ref1
oil ref1
rain forest ref1
Camin, Alfred ref1
Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti ref1
Canada ref1, ref2, ref3
Canida, Innocenta ref1, ref2
Cape Times ref1
Cape Verde ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11
see also Guinea-Bissau
Caprivi Strip ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Carlsson, Ingmar ref1
Carrington, Lord ref1, ref2, ref3
Carter, Gwendolyn ref1
Carter, Jimmy ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Cartwright, Justin ref1
Casement, Roger ref1
Castro, Fidel ref1, ref2
Cattaui, Maria ref1
Central African Federation ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
see also Nyasaland; Northern
Rhodesia; Southern Rhodesia
Central African Republic ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15
agriculture ref1
aid ref1, ref2
civil war ref1, ref2, ref3
coup ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7