The World War II Chronicles
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German Cross, 339
German Democratic Republic, see East Germany
German High Command (OKW), 4, 9, 12, 14, 75, 158, 192, 209, 211, 216, 229, 245, 274, 388, 400; Russian spies within, 24, 402
German Propaganda Company, 195
Germany: Third Reich, xvi, 152, 373, 396; Weimar Republic, 212. See also East Germany; West Germany
Gestapo, see secret police
Gibraltar, 153
Giebeler, Wilhelm, 154, 162–163, 405
Gilmore, Eddy, 336
Ginderling, Capt., 92
Giordano (Italian prisoner), 327
Goebbels, Joseph, 100, 161, 295–296, 361, 367, 384–385
Goering, Hermann, 132, 193, 199, 206, 304, 373–374
Gogol Street, 58
Goldstein, Mikhail, 307–308, 398
Golikov, Gen. F. I., 81
Golodny Island, 37, 67
Golubinka, German command center at, 49, 51, 99–100, 111, 113, 137, 148, 175, 181, 184, 186, 190
Gordov, Gen. A. V., 32, 34, 48, 117
Gorishny Col. V. A., 123, 150
Gorki Theater, 35, 110, 368, 375
Gorodische, 304
Gorokhov, Col. Semyon, 67–68
Goslar, 399
grain elevator, 142; battle for, 101–102
“Green Hats,” 43, 83
Grozny, 78, 85
guerrilla fighters, 143–145. See also commandos; partisans
Gurewicz, Lt. Hersch, 42–45, 142–143, 171, 187, 222–223, 386–387, 398, 405
Gumrak Airfield, 115, 190, 197, 203, 308, 334, 346, 347; command post at, 198, 200, 234, 246, 293, 299, 325, 330; hospital at, 323, 333, 349; radio transmitter at, 346; teleprinter at, 248, 249, 300
Gurov, Kuzma, 135, 176
Gurtiev, Col. L. N., 135, 136, 150
Haifa, xiii
Halder, Gen. Franz, 17–18, 19, 20–21, 79, 271, 398–399; fired by Hitler, 111
Halle, Cpl. Werner, 79–80
Hamburg, xiii, 12, 402
hand-to-hand fighting, 92, 150
Hannover, 404
Harriman, W. Averell, 48n, 405, 422
Hartmann, Gen. von, 366–367
Hauswald, Lina, 339
He-111 aircraft, 221–222, 229, 299
Heim, Lt. Gen. Ferdinand, 158, 183, 185, 186, 188, 190, 200, 399
Heitz, Gen. Walther, 13, 350, 371
Hemingway, Ernest, 15
Hero of the Soviet Union, decoration as, 94, 386, 400, 401, 402, 404
Heusinger, Gen. Adolf, 207, 232, 344, 403, 405
Hilfsfreiwilliger (Hiwis), see defectors, Russian Army
Himmler, Heinrich, 11
Hindenburg, Chancellor Paul Von, 13
Hitler, Adolf: aides to, 100, 206–207, 232, 299, 303, 304, 344, 345, 400; at anniversary of Third Reich, 153–154; at apogee of power, 82; attitude of commanders toward, 9, 245, 371; attitude of troops toward, 209, 225, 244, 312, 340, 341–342, 361; blunders in strategy, 19–20, 271–272; “Christmas Drive,” 244; destructive alliance with apolitical generals, 377; display of charm and self-control, 344–345; displays of temper, 78–79, 205, 423; fascination with enemy plans, 153; military conferences, 17–18, 78–79, 85, 232–233; military decisions, 8–9, 15, 19–20, 24, 78, 162, 183, 192–193, 199, 205–206, 207–208, 215, 217, 245, 246, 255, 333; military units shifted, 228; myth of invincibility, xvi, 4, 10; New Year’s message, 308; plans to overthrow, 17, 399, 402; reaction to surrender of Sixth Army, 381–382; refusal to permit retreat from Stalingrad, 246, 280; refusal to permit surrender, 330, 362; response to messengers from Sixth Army, 344–345, 356–357; retreat of First Panzer Army authorized, 310; reverses at Stalingrad acknowledged, 227; self-isolation, 79, 110–111, 118–119, 153; Stalingrad battle as contest of ego with Stalin, 157; tendency to underrate enemy, 18, 19, 21, 154, 182; thesis of racial supremacy, 10. See also Mainstein; Paulus
Holland, Capt., 64
horses, in Germany Sixth Army, 6, 116, 166, 201, 251, 273, 360; slaughtered for food, 221, 253, 299, 350
Horvath, Pvt. Michael, 388
Hoth, Gen. Hermann, 74, 75, 132, 320; advance of First Panzer Army on Stalingrad, 42; attempted pincer movement, 47–48, 76; drive to Volga, 79; forces split, 192, 196; regroupment attempted, 197; relief force to resupply Sixth Army, 246, 247, 252–253, 260, 268, 277, 290, 293, 294; withdrawal of armored division from, 291, 310
House of Specialists, capture of, 91
house-to-house fighting, 154–157, 225–227, 316–317, 361, 364; anticipated by Soviet command, 33
Hube, Gen. Hans, 13, 47, 63, 65, 67, 73, 329–330, 354, 382
“human-wave” tactics, 77
Humbert, Lt. Philip, 379
Hunersdorff, Col., 231, 240, 266
Hungarian Army, xiv, 8, 13, 14, 346
Hurricane aircraft, 88
ice packs, effect on battle, 151, 159, 160, 162, 168, 220, 243
Idar-Oberstein, 399
Ilyin, Col. Pyotr, 45–46, 75–76
industrial revolution, 29
infantry: German, 13, 89, 90, 138, 148, 253, 274, 322, 354; Russian, 4, 34, 77, 82. See also entries under German Army
Infantry Assault Badge, 130
intelligence, military: German, 8–9, 17, 20, 42, 114, 127, 147–148, 149, 150, 175, 182, 246, 292, 422; Russian, 74, 97, 132–133, 150–151, 158, 170–171, 422–423
Iron Cross, Knighthood of, 7, 13
Isonzo River, 15
Israel, xiii, 397, 398
Italian Army, xiv, 13, 150, 229, 232, 233, 245, 247, 275; Alpini, 14, 15, 391; Bersaglieri, 14, 262–264; Eighth, 14, 258, 259, 269, 275, 300, 304; Julia, 14; Torino, 14, 16; troops taken prisoner, 397
Ivan the Terrible, 22
Jaenecke, Gen. Erwin, 134, 354
Japan, 70, 217
Jeschonnek, Albert, 132, 154, 193, 199, 206, 217, 245
Jews, extermination of, 11–12, 15. See also anti-Semitism
Jodl, Gen. Albert, 79, 110, 232, 344
Ju-52 aircraft, 118, 216, 221, 229, 280, 355, 358
Ju-88 aircraft, 58, 60, 91
Kalach, 32, 46, 88, 175, 191, 194, 249, 254, 347; bridge at, 40, 45, 75–76, 114, 190, 192, 193, 195–196, 197–198, 202; German garrison at, 195
Kalmikoff, 262, 263, 264, 275, 328
Kalmucks, 42, 114
Kamenka, 254
Kamyshin, 104
Karinhall estate, 206
Karl Marx Gardens, 60–61
Karlsruhe, 403
Karmanov, Genn, 58, 97–98, 386
Karmanova, Katrina, 58–59, 97–98, 385–386
Karpovka, 286, 309, 338, 387
Karpovka River, 334
Karpovka Valley, 332, 333
Kasternoye, 346
Kästle, Lt. Hermann, 185, 322, 405
Kazakhs, attack on Red Army troops, 321
Kazakhstan, 3, 69, 120
Keitel, Field Marshal Wilhelm, 9, 345, 381, 399
“Kessel, Der (The Cauldron),” 203, 204, 212–255 passim, 292, 296, 297, 303, 306, 308, 330, 332, 335
Khalkin Gol, 70, 217
Kharkov, 113, 164, 167, 436; German victory at, 12, 13, 68; refugees from, 34
Khoyzyanov, Lt. Andrei, 101, 102
Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeeyvich, 231, 399, 400, 404, 437; orders given by, 82; rivalry with Malenkov, 68; and Stalin, 80–81; visit to battlefield, 172; and Yeremenko, 48, 54–55, 61, 83, 85, 172, 302
Kiev, 55, 387, 402, 404, 436
Kirchner Gen., 274, 278
Kletskaya, 14, 147, 149, 159, 161, 167, 179, 181, 184, 188, 201, 214
Kliagin, Vovo, 54, 60, 61
Kliagina, Nadia, 54, 60, 61
Kliagina, Vlasa, 54, 60–61
Klotz, Lt. Heinrich, 130–131, 319–320, 405
Kohler, Dr. Ottmar, 50–51, 63–65, 131, 227, 318–319, 370, 399, 405
Kolia (Russian child spy), 91–92
Komsomol, 66
Komsomolskaya Street, 61; battle for, 103, 109
Konings, Maj., 121, 127–130
&nbs
p; Korfes, Gen. Otto, 366, 371, 379
Kornilov, Natasha, 98–99, 170, 317
Korshunov, Gen., 55
Kosygin, Alexei, 404
Kotelnikovo, 26, 213, 216, 229, 231; German capture of, 21, 33; recaptured by Russians, 320
Kotluban, 388
Kovalova, Olga, 69
Krasnaya Sloboda, 99, 307
Krasnoarmeysk, 79
Krasnodar, 44
Krasnofimsk, 103
Krasnopeterskaya Street, 103, 108
Krasny Zastava factory, 59
Kreiser, Lt. Wilhelm, 140–141, 209–210, 235, 399, 405
Krinovaya prison camp, 391, 392
Krugliakov, 33
Krupennikov, Maj. Gen. I. P., 264–266
Krupennikov, Yuri, 265
Krutoy Gully, 34, 36, 119, 120
Krylov, Gen. N. I., 87, 126, 316, 379, 399–400
Kuibyshev 104, 124, 234
Kulikov, Nikolai, 128, 129–130
Kunowski, Col. von, 298
Kuperosnoye, 79, 80
Kuzmichi, 63
Kwantung Army, 70, 217
labor camps, 165
Langkeit, Oberleutnant, 353
Lascar, Gen. Mihail, 201
Latashanka, 104, 171
Lazur Chemical Plant, 36, 104, 120, 121, 175
Leipzig, 199
Lelyushenko, Gen., 265
Lenin, V. I., 22
Leningrad, 18, 20, 29, 34, 70–72
Leyser, Gen. Ernst, 191, 343
Libya, 15
lice, 171, 188, 287, 304, 309, 312, 349, 364, 371
Likovitsa, 398
Linden, Maj. Joseph, 46, 155, 242, 303, 405
List, Field Marshal Sigmund Wilhelm, 8, 78
Little Saturn offensive, 228, 301
livestock, 32, 116, 186, 189, 190, 318; kept as pets, 49, 51, 318. See also horses
Loebbecke, Lt. Eberhard von, 193–194, 405
London, Jack, 35
Lopatin, Gen. A. I., 81, 82–83
Lubeck, 402
“Lucy” (Rudolph Rossler), 23, 24, 158, 228, 402, 422
Ludwig, Col. Gunter, 375–376
Luftwaffe, 33, 91, 183, 238; airfields, 47; drops by, 65, 222; losses at Stalingrad, 302–303, 339, 434; officers, xiii, 61, 148, 154, 206, 229, 347; Paulus and, 131–132, 148–149, 154, 163, 222, 229–230, 237, 254, 350–351; plea for intervention rejected by, 349. See also airlift; air raids
Lugansk, 3
Lutschinski, 221
Lyudnikov, Col. Ivan Ilyich, 150, 157, 159–160, 162, 186, 284, 400
Maginot Line, 215
Magnitogorsk, 121
Maikop, 78
Malaya Ivanovka, 77
Malaya Rossoshka, 54
Malenkov, Georgi, x, 68
Malinovsky, Gen. Rodion Yakolevich, 336–337, 400
Malygin, Maj., 168–169
Mamaev Hill, xii, 36, 37–38, 60, 68, 128, 133, 168, 169, 175, 325, 368; battle for, 93, 94, 101, 104, 109, 111, 120, 123, 137, 396; command post on, 86–87, 88; German positions on, 125, 227, 348, 378–379
Manchuria, 70, 217
Manstein, Field Marshal Erich von, 215, 400; as head of Army Group Don, 211–214, 228, 229, 230, 231, 242, 245–246, 290, 329–330, 347; Hitler and, 20, 246, 250–251, 272ߛ273, 274, 298, 310, 320, 362, 400; Paulus and, 233, 242, 248–250, 277–279, 298, 300; resignation offered, 320; retreat ordered by, 346. See also German Army (Army Group Don); Operation Thunderclap
manufacturing, 36–37
marines, Russian, 68, 101, 102, 123
Marinovka, 286, 334
Marsan, Lt. Veniero, 15
Martini (Italian prisoner), 327
Medevitskaya Street, 58
medical care: German, 6, 50, 131, 229, 313, 317, 325, 349, 365; Russian, 84, 110
medical supplies, 198, 229, 282, 370
Mediterranean Sea, 153
Medvedev, Viktor, 145
Meshkov, 263, 275
Messerschmidt aircraft, 346
Metzger, Lt. Emil, 7–8, 116–117, 167, 203, 228, 289–290, 347, 387, 389, 393–395, 400, 405
Metzger, Kaethe, 7–8, 116, 228, 289–290, 347, 389, 393–395, 400
Metzler, Pvt. Josef, 114, 208, 352, 405
Meunch, Capt. Gerhard, 46, 76, 89, 92–93, 113, 167, 243, 286–287, 324, 354–355, 400–401, 405
Mexico, 22
mice, 304; equipment damaged by, 159; used as food by troops, 238
Mikosch, Col., 195
Milch, Gen. Erhard, 347
military decorations, 353, 397–398. See also German Cross; Hero of the Soviet Union; Infantry Assault Badge; Iron Cross; Order of Lenin; Order of the Red Star; Ritter Kreuz
militia, workers’, 56–57, 63; organized for defense of Stalingrad, 90; replaced by regulars, 112
Millerovo, 263
minefields, deactivation of, 242
Mishkova River, 213, 232, 234, 237, 241, 243, 247, 250, 255, 257, 258, 273, 274, 275, 279, 290, 294, 300
Moabit Prison, 399
Modina, Anastasia, 66–67, 97
Mogilev, 42
Mokraya Mechetka River, 37, 56, 63, 68, 69
Mongols, 28–29, 115
Montgomery, Gen. Bernard, 153
morale, problems of: German, 112, 167, 185, 226, 297, 311–313, 340, 356; Russian, 42, 48, 71–72, 82
Moro airstrip, 302
Morocco, Allied landings in, 153
Morosovsk, 274
Morosovskaya, 67, 216, 274, 291
mortars: German, 6–7, 73, 80, 102, 105, 127, 203, 242; Russian, 120, 370–371
Moscow, xv, 18, 22, 29, 48n, 70, 149, 183; defense of, 71, 103
Moslems, 78
Mues, Capt., 172–173
Muller (Chief of Staff, 14th Corps). 369
Munich, 152, 153, 401
Mussolini, Benito, 14, 15, 305
mutiny, 244, 366, 369–370
Mutius, Lt., 221
nail factory, defense of, 100, 102
Napoleon Bonaparte, ix–x
Narvik, 295
Nazi party, 9, 153, 374, 401; fund-raising drive, 244; German opponents of, 402, 403
Nazi-Soviet pact, 23
nebelwerfers (German mortars), 6–7, 203
Neidhardt, Capt. Boris von, 372, 377
Neist, Heinz, 139–140, 208, 238–239, 359, 380–381, 405
Neiwig, Cpl., 387–388
Nekrassov, Lt. Viktor, 55–56
Nerozia, Pyotr, 56–57, 59
Neustadt, 339
New Year’s Eve, battlefield celebration of, 307–308
New York Times, 336
NKVD, 43, 67, 82, 90, 105, 117, 307, 399; prison, 66, 365–366, 369, 374, 375, 380; in street fighting, 91, 92
Normandy, occupation of, 13
North Africa, Allied invasion of, 48n, 154, 182, 232, 296
Novocherkassk, 212, 214, 228, 245, 248, 250, 273, 294, 310, 329, 339
Novosibirsk, 397
Odessa, 34
Oettl, Lt. Hans, 49–50, 51, 112, 203, 209, 308–309, 318, 383–384, 401, 405
oil fields, and German strategy, 18, 85, 118, 119
Operation Blue (German), 4, 8, 12, 18, 78, 422; details known to Stalin, 24
Operation Thunderclap (German), 246, 247, 253, 255, 257, 260, 267, 270, 271, 274, 277–278, 290, 400
Operation Torch (Allied), 48n
Operation Uranus (Soviet), 117, 162, 171, 172, 176, 183–184, 186–187
Operation Winter Storm (German), 228, 231, 233, 246, 247, 254, 255, 260, 268, 270
Oranki Prison, 363, 390
Order of Lenin, 145
Order of the Red Star, 169
Orlovka, 130, 131, 286
Ostarhild, Lt. Karl, 147, 148, 149, 150, 405
Ostrov, 39, 40
Pamir Mountains, 389
Panzer Army, First, see Hoth, Hermann; also entry under German Army
Parker, Ralph, 336
partisans, Russian, 106, 164
Paulus, Alexander von, 9, 401
Paulus, Elena Constanc
e Rosetti-Solescu von, 9–10, 230, 247, 401
Paulus, Ernst von, xi, 9, 18, 20, 401, 405
Paulus, Gen. Friedrich von, x, xi, 12, 73, 74, 114, 336, 366, 396, 400–401, 402; actions as commander of Sixth Army, 9–13, 41, 52, 78, 172, 175, 182, 190, 330, 331; disaster foreshadowed, 65, 147–148, 175; failure to link with Fourth Panzer Army, 75, 76; and Halder, 111; and High Command, 210–211; and Hitler, 85, 192–193, 203, 204, 208, 246, 271–272, 274, 308, 340, 374, 376–377; and mutinous generals, 369–370; orders given and rescinded, 269, 270; pleas for assistance, 111–112, 132, 294; proclamation to troops, 198; retreat recommended by, 191–192, 197, 200, 211; tactics, 62, 130, 150–151; treatment of by Russians, 388; ultimatum received by, 325. See also Luftwaffe; Manstein; Sixth Army
Pavlov, Sgt. Jacob, 119–120, 137, 146, 401
Pavlovsk, 346
Pearl Harbor, bombing of, ix
Pelikan, Sgt. Wolf, 180, 182, 405
Pensenskaya Street, 35, 91, 119
Permskaya Street, 58
Peschanka, 309, 334
Peschanyy, 188
Peskatovka Depot, 165
Peskovatka, 210
pet animals, 59–60, 79; kept by soldiers, 49, 51, 112, 116, 166, 221, 282, 318, 360; used as food, 309 318
Petrakov Col., 91, 94
Petrov, Sgt. Alexei, 104–106, 171–172, 187, 241, 321, 401, 405
Pfeiffer, Gen., 339, 366, 367, 371, 379
Pflüger, Sgt. Albert, 208–209, 223–224, 279, 287, 309–310, 332–333, 334, 360–361, 372–374, 380, 401, 405
Piave River, 15
Pickert, Gen. Wolfgang, 196–197, 337–338, 339
Pigalev, Dmitri M., 35, 53
Pitomnik Airfield, 217, 222, 227, 229, 237, 255, 303, 304, 308, 310, 311, 317, 333, 337, 338, 339, 340, 345, 350; overrun by Russians, 346
Poland, 118; invasion of, 4, 7, 9, 210
politrook (Communist party agitators), 125, 172, 324, 393
Poltava, 18
Porsche auto factory, Stuttgart, 167, 227
Poskrebyshev (secretary to Stalin), 302
Powers, Francis Gary, 400