The Longest August
Page 64
47. “Trade Between India and Pakistan Surges 21% to $2.4 Billion,” Express Tribune, May 14, 2013.
48. “Govt to Curtail Negative List of Trade Items with India,” Express Tribune, January 23, 2014.
49. “India, Pakistan Need to Take Steps to Boost Trade,” Economic Times, January 21, 2014; Zeb Khan, “MFN Status for India on the Cards.”
50. “Importable Items from India: PIAF Asks Government to Cut Down Negative List,” Business Recorder, January 2, 2014.
51. Aamir Shafaat Khan, “Trade Deficit with China Up 58pc,” Dawn (Karachi), February 10, 2013.
52. “Economic and Trade Relations between China and India,” Economic and Commercial Section of the Consulate General of the People’s Republic of China in Mumbai, December 15, 2004, http://bombay2.mofcom.gov.cn/article/bilateralcooperation/inbrief/200412/20041200010319.shtml; “Total Trade, Country-wise,” Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Government of India, http://commerce.nic.in/eidb /Default.asp.
Chapter 20: Overview and Conclusions
1. R. Shayan, “Sir Syed Ahmed Khan,” Agnostic Pakistan (blog), December 14, 2008, http://agnostic pakistan.blogspot.co.uk/2008/12/sir-syed-ahmed-khan.html.
2. Arun, “Provincial Elections India 1946,” Wake Up, Smell the Coffee (blog), January 27, 2011, http://observingliberalpakistan.blogspot.co.uk/2011/01/provincial-elections-india-1946.html.
3. Cited in Dilip Hiro, The Timeline History of India (New York: Barnes & Noble, 2006), 261.
4. Cited by Ye Zhengjia, “Clearing the Atmosphere,” Frontline (Chennai), October 10–23, 1998, citing Major-General Lei Yingfu, My Days as a Military Staff in the Supreme Command (in Chinese) (Nanchang: Baihuazhou Culture and Arts, 1997), 210.
5. “Simla Agreement, July 2, 1972,” http://www.jammu-kashmir.com/documents/simla.html.
6. Muhammad Zia ul Haq missed the irony of using the term “peanuts”: Jimmy Carter was a peanut farmer before being elected governor of Georgia in 1970.
7. Adrian Levy and Catherine Scott-Clark, Deception: Pakistan, the United States and the Secret Trade in Nuclear Weapons (New York: Walker & Company, 2007), 104–105.
8. Ibid., 106.
9. Ibid., 151.
10. T. V. Paul, “The Systemic Bases of India’s Challenge to the Global Nuclear Order,” Nonproliferation Review (Fall 1998).
11. Rai Muhammad Saleh Azam, “When Mountains Move—The Story of Chagai,” Defence Journal (June 2000).
12. Pamela Philipose, “The Symbol of Pakistan,” Indian Express, February 22, 1999.
13. “Lahore Declaration,” http://www.nti.org/treaties-and-regimes/lahore-declaration. The Indian and Pakistani foreign secretaries had prepared the draft of this agreement a month earlier.
14. “Pakistan Warns of Kashmir War Risk,” BBC World, June 23, 1999.
15. Steve Coll, “The Stand-Off: How Jihadi Groups Helped Provoke the Twenty-First Century’s First Nuclear Crisis,” New Yorker, February 13, 2006.
16. The remainder of the pre-1947 Jammu and Kashmir was controlled by China.
17. Jyoti Malhotra, “Kashmir: Is Solution in Sight?,” December 7, 2006, BBC News.
18. Kenneth J. Cooper, “India, Pakistan Kindle Hope for Peace,” Washington Post, February 21, 1999.
19. “Literacy in India,” Census of India 2011, http://www.census2011.co.in/literacy.php.
20. “Pakistan Ranks 180 in Literacy: UNESCO,” Pakistan Today, December 4, 2013.
epilogue
1. Saba Imtiaz, “Fishermen Cross an Imperceptible Line into Enemy Waters,” New York Times, August 24, 2014. Between 2008 and 2013, India had released 353 Pakistani fishermen.
2. Hilary Whiteman and Harmeet Shah Singh, “India, Pakistan Leaders Meet, Signal Steps to Rebuild Trust,” CNN, May 27, 2014.
3. Hari Kumar, “Premier Denounces Pakistan for ‘Proxy War,’” New York Times, August 12, 2014.
4. Ibid.; “Narendra Modi Accuses Pakistan of Waging Proxy War in Kashmir,” Guardian (London), August 12, 2014.
5. Biplob Ghosal, “Geelani Meets Pakistani High Commissioner, Says India’s Decision to Cancel Talks ‘Childish,’” Zee Media Bureau, August 19, 2014, http://zeenews.india.com/news/nation /geelani-meets-pakistani-high-commissioner-says-indias-decision-to-cancel-talks-childish_955441 .html.
6. “Pakistan Says It Is ‘Not Subservient’ to India,” Times of India, August 19, 2014.
7. Sachin Prashar, “Nawaz Sharif Seeks to Sweeten India-Pakistan Ties with Mangoes to Narendra Modi,” Times of India, September 5, 2014.
8. “Pakistan Can’t Draw Veil over Kashmir Issue: PM,” Daily Times (Lahore), September 27, 2014.
9. Chidanand Rajghatta, “At UN General Assembly, PM Narendra Modi Rebukes Pakistan for Its Kashmir Obsession,” Times of India, September 27, 2014.
10. “Time for ‘New Beginning’ in Bilateral Ties: Pakistani High Commissioner to India,” Express Tribune (Karachi), September 11, 2014.
11. Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER), “India-Pakistan Auto Makers Ink Co-operation Agreement, August 27, 2014,” http://indiapakistantrade.org/recent Developments.html#automakers.
12. Jon Boone and Rupam Jain, “Indians to Get Peek into Daily Lives of Pakistanis with New Soap Opera Channel,” Guardian (London), June 23, 2014.
13. Nandini Sharma, “Gear Up for Two New Shows on Zindagi,” Business Insider, July 12, 2014.
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Index
Aatish-e-Chinar, 176
A B Bofor, 267
Abbas, Chaudhury Muhammad, 176
Abbas, Ghulam 112
Abbottabad, 118, 119, 387
ABC News (US), 384, 385
Abdullah, Farooq, 277, 279
Abdullah, Shaikh Muhammad, 112, 178, 181, 277
and Ayub Khan, Muhammad, 176
and Bangladesh War, 227
and Gandhi, Indira, 228
and Jinnah, Muhammad Ali, 113, 116
and Nehru, Jawaharlal, 112, 116, 151, 176
and Pakistan, 153, 176, 359
and plebiscite, 177
and Singh, Sir Hari, 113, 116, 121
and Zhou Enlai, 177
as Chief Administrator, 123
as Chief Minister, 228
as Prime Minister, 130, 142
biography and character of, 112–113
imprisonment of, 143, 150, 153, 178
trail of, 153, 174–175
Abdullah, Shiraz, 47
Abdullah Abdullah, 385
Abdullah bin Abdul Aziz (Saudi Crown Prince), 289, 385
Abraham (Prophet), 4
Abraham Lincoln (US warship), 303
Abu Dhabi, 305
A Case of Exploding Mangoes, 262
Acharaya, Krishna, 399
Achin, 392
Addu City, 362
Advani, Lal Krishna, 314, 315, 325–326
Afghan Mujahedin, 238, 241, 252–253
Afghan-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation, 238
Afghan Taliban, see Taliban
Afghanistan and Afghans, 4, 5, 299, 369, 422
and Britain, 369
and Carter, Jimmy, 237, 326
and India, 238–239, 359, 371, 372–373, 374, 375–376, 377, 378, 381–382, 383, 384, 385–386, 387, 390, 391, 392–393, 422
and North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO), 379
and Pakistan, 238, 370–371, 372, 374, 375–376, 377, 378, 380–381, 384, 386–387, 389, 390, 416, 422
and Russia, 372
and Soviet Union, 238, 253, 258, 370–371, 372
and Taliban, 372, 385, 386, 390, 391, 392
and United Nations, 375
and United States, 237, 252, 316, 326, 359, 372, 375, 376, 383, 385, 387
civil war in, 372
Marxist coup in, 237–238, 368, 371
Afridi, Aleem, 217
Afridi, Shahid, 403
Afridi tribe, 118
Afzal, Muhammad, 321
Aga Khan, 6
Agra, 213, 309, 314, 369, 428
Agreement on Prohibition of Attacks Against Nuclear Installations and Facilities (India-Pakistan), 266, 323, 425
Agreement on Strategic Partnership between India and Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, 388–389
Ahmad, Aziz, 194
Ahmad, Fakhruddin Ali, 232
Ahmad, Qazi Hussein, 292
Ahmad Khan, Munir, 190, 222, 244, 423
Ahmadis, 229
/> Ahmed, Imtiaz, 264
Ahmed, Ishaq, 285
Ahmed, Khwaja Ihsan, 293
Ahmed, Mahmood, 299, 304, 305, 306, 316, 317, 319
Ahmed, Shamshad, 290
Ahmedabad, 17, 21, 23, 36, 85
Ahmedabad Mill Owners Association (AMOA), 21–22
Ahmedabad Textile Labor Association, 23
Aichison’s Treaties, 160
Aibak, Qutbuddin, 413
Air India, 374
Ajmer, 363
Akal Fauj, 100
Akali Dal, 252
Akali Party, 79
Akbar (Emperor), 397
Akbar, Saad, 140–141
Akbar, Zahid Ali, 230
Akhnoor, 179, 181, 183, 184, 328
Akhtar, Farhan, 302
Akhtar, Javed, 301, 302
Akram, Malik Muhammad, 367
Aksai Chin, 154, 160, 165, 167
Al Furqan, 337
al Libi, Abu Faraj, 338
al Nahyan, Shaikh Zayed bin Sultan, 305
Al Qaida, 304, 310, 316, 317, 322, 338, 348, 363, 373, 382, 384, 385, 387, 390
Al Zulfikar, 261
Alexander, Albert Victor, 79
Algiers, 177
Ali, Chaudhry Zulfikar, 267
Ali, Muhammad Akbar, 234
Ali, Chaudhri Muhammad, 119, 129, 147
Ali, Asaf, 85, 113, 124
Ali, Syed Ajmad, 148
Ali, Choudhry Rahmat, 56–57
Ali, Shaukat, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 42–43
Ali Brothers, 27–28, 29–30, 35, 38
Ali Khan, Liaquat, 58, 85, 87, 93, 94, 96, 98, 105, 115, 130, 303
and China, 138
and Kashmir, 115, 116, 117, 119, 122, 123, 124, 133, 142, 416–417
and Nehru, Jawaharlal, 132, 133, 138, 139–140
and United States, 138
assassination of, 140–141, 417
biography and character of, 31–32
All India Congress Committee (AICC), 53, 60, 70, 71, 76, 81, 88, 97
All India Cow Protection Organization, 42
All India Hindu Mahasabha, see Hindu Mahasabha
All India Khilafat Conferences, 26, 27, 29, 30
All India Muslim League, see Muslim League
All India Sikh Students Federation, 252
All India Trade Union Congress, 23
Allama, Ghulam Ali, 88