Last Trains
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Notes
1 Carlisle Journal, 11 September 1964, p. 4.
2 Railway Magazine, October 1964, p. 798.
3 The Guardian, 28 March 1963, http://www.guardiancentury.co.uk/1960-1969/Story/0,6051,105642,00.html, accessed 4 August 2004.
4 National Archives, Public Record Office (hereafter NAPRO), MT 124/719, Price–Marples, 27 April 1963.
5 Richard Lamb, The Macmillan Years – The Emerging Truth (London: John Murray, 1995), pp. 434, 442.
6 Robert Adley, Out of Steam: The Beeching Years in Hindsight (Wellingborough: Patrick Stephens, 1990), p. 39.
7 Ian Marchant, Parallel Lines or Journeys on the Railway of Dreams (London: Bloomsbury, 2003; paperback edition, 2004), p. 301.
8 Richard Faulkner and Chris Austin, Holding the Line – How Britain’s Railways were Saved (Hersham: Ian Allan 2012), p. 129.
9 David Henshaw, The Great Railway Conspiracy: The Fall and Rise of Britain’s Railways Since the 1950s (Hawes: Leading Edge, 1991), p. 7.
10 Hansard, HC Deb, 12 February 1996, vol. 271, cols 641–2; Stewart Francis, preface to Paul Salveson, Beeching in Reverse: The Case for a Programme of Line and Station Reopenings (Huddersfield: Transport Research and Information Network), 2002, p. 3.
11 NAPRO, MT 124/726, Gray–Marples, 1 October 1963.
12 BRB, The Reshaping of British Railways (London: HMSO, 1963), p. 60.
13 Terence Gourvish, British Railways 1948–73: A Business History (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986), pp. 456–60.
14 Ian Carter,
Railways and Culture in Britain – The Epitome of Modernity (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2001), pp. 240–56.
15 David St John Thomas, The Country Railway (Newton Abbott: David and Charles, 1976, Penguin edition, 1970), p. 12, Henshaw, Great Railway Conspiracy, p. 181.
16 NAPRO, MT 124/1211, Rennison–Castle, 11 February 1967.
17 ‘Farewell to Adlestrop’, The Times, 5 April 1963, p. 16.
18 Edward Thomas, ‘Adlestrop’ and Richard Medrington, ‘Still Not Much Going On – Edward Thomas and Adlestrop’ in John Simmons, Rob Williams and Tim Rich (Eds), Common Ground – Around Britain in 30 Writers (London: Marshall Cavendish, 2006), pp. 13–21.
19 Interviewed in Ian Hislop goes off the rails, BBC4, 2 October 2008.
20 John Betjeman, ‘Inexpensive Progress’, in CPRE, Where Motor-Car is Master – How the Department of Transport became bewitched by roads, London: CPRE, 1992; Barbara Castle, Fighting All the Way, (London: Macmillan, 1993), p. 388.
21 John Betjeman, Great Central Railway – Sheffield Victoria to Banbury, reproduced in John Healy Great Central Memories, (London: Baton Transport, 1987), p. 148.
22 John Betjeman, ‘Dilton Marsh Halt’, A Nip in the Air (London: John Murray 1974), pp. 38–9.
23 Leslie Halliwell, Halliwell’s Film and Video Guide 2000 (Harper Collins: London, 2000), p. 843.
24 The Titfield Thunderbolt, GB, Ealing, 1952, Dir. Charles Crichton, Script, T. Clarke.
25 ‘A Branch Line Railway’, Let’s Imagine, BBC, 29 March 1963.
26 Jim Tomlinson, The Politics of Decline: Understanding Post-war Britain (Harlow: Longman, 2000, 2001 edition), pp. 21–2.
27 David Butler and Anthony King, The British General Election of 1964 (London: Macmillan, 1965), pp. 33–6, 78–9, 87–8; Mark Donnelly, Sixties Britain (Harlow: Pearson, 2005), pp. 48–51, 74–5.
28 Christopher Booker, The Neophiliacs: A Study of the Revolution in English Life in the Fifties and Sixties (London: Collins, 1969). Although contemporary commentators asked ‘what’s wrong with Britain?’, Booker wrote about ‘Old England’, ‘New England’ and an ‘English revolution’ (e.g. p. 219).
29 Ibid., p. 191.
30 Roger Kidner, Southern Railway Branch Lines in the Thirties (Tarrant Hinton: Oakwood Press, 1976), p. 72.
31 John Williamson, Railways To-Day (London: Oxford University Press, 1938), p. 11.
32 Evening News, 16 March 1938, quoted in P. Clark, The Chichester and Midhurst Railway (Sheffield: Turntable, 1979), pp. 52–5.
33 C. Dalby of the LNER, quoted in David Smith, The Railway and its Passengers, A Social History (Newton Abbot: David and Charles, 1988), p. 88.
34 NAPRO, Rail 390/964, LNER memo, ‘Closing of branch lines’, 25 January 1934.
35 Thomas, Country Railway, p. 133.
36 A Pathé film of the vehicle can be seen here: http://www.britishpathe.com/video/the-motor-railway.
37 Stephen Garrett, The Kent and East Sussex Railway (Tarrant Hinton: Oakwood, 1972), p. 17.
38 Andrew Catt, The East Kent Railway (Tarrant Hinton: Oakwood, 1975), p. 16.
39 NAPRO, AN 97/19, Branch Line Committee minutes, 1949–50.
40 NAPRO, AN 177/2, note attached to letter from Sir John Elliot, 17 September 1948.
41 NAPRO, AN 97/19, note of meeting, 21 March 1950.
42 NAPRO, AN 13/2415, Cole Deacon–Beevor, 27 October 1950.
43 NAPRO, AN 13/1649, CTCC meeting notes, 9 January 1951.
44 Henry White, A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain Volume Two: Southern England (Newton Abbot: David and Charles, 1969), p.65.
45 ‘Sentinel S4’, post on Kentish History Forum ‘Re: Railway stations on Sheppey’, 19 March 2012, 02:12:43, http://www.kenthistoryforum.co.uk/index.php?topic=12716.0;prev_next=prev#new, accessed 18 January 2013.
46 NAPRO, AN 13/1675, public relations department memo, 1950.
47 NAPRO, AN 177/2, Harrington–Train, 31 March 1949.
48 NAPRO, AN 177/2, Mepstead–Hopkins, 13 June 1951.
49 http://www.kesr.org.uk/visitor-information/returning-to-robertsbridge, accessed 19 December 2012.
50 NAPRO, CAB 129/47, Barnes, ‘Long-term financial prospects of the British Transport Commission’, 10 September 1951.
51 John Betjeman, Trains and Buttered Toast – Selected Radio Talks (Ed. Stephen Games, London: John Murray, 2006), pp. 276–7.
52 NAPRO, AN 157/520, Southern Region, ‘Closing of branch lines: integration of road and rail services on the Isle of Wight’, 9 February 1951.
53 NAPRO, AN 177/106, Hopkins–Blee, 23 June 1952.
54 NAPRO, MT 97/66, Birtchnell, ‘Transport policy’, 27 November 1951.
55 NAPRO, CAB 134/1180, Cabinet committee on road and rail transport minutes, 21 January 1952.
56 NAPRO, T 228/403, Figgures–Mitchell, 3 March 1952.
57 NAPRO, CAB 134/1186, Lennox-Boyd Transport Bill, 18 September 1952.
58 Nigel Harris, Competition and the Corporate Society – British Conservatives, the State and Industry, 1945–64 (London: Methuen, 1964), p. 88.
59 NAPRO, PREM 11/559, Leathers–Churchill, 17 October 1952.
60 Bodleian Library, Macmillan diaries, C.14/1, 23 October 1952.
61 NAPRO, CAB 195/10, Cabinet Secretary’s notebook, 29 October 1952.
62 NAPRO, AN 97/22, ‘RE reply of September 24th 1952 to BTC letter of July 14th’.
63 NAPRO, AN 97/22, branch line committee minutes, 4 December 1952.
64 NAPRO, AN 157/521, Hopkins–Baines, 17 November 1952.
65 NAPRO, AN 157/521, cutting, Isle of Wight County Press, 22 November 1952.
66 NAPRO, AN 157/520, ‘Notes of meeting held at Charing Cross Hotel on Tuesday 21 August 1951’.
67 NAPRO, AN 157/522, Mepstead–Hopkins, 30 January 1953; Hopkins–Coleby, 7 February 1953.
68 NAPRO, MT 115/5, transcript of SE area TUCC proceedings, 18 June 1953.
69 NAPRO, NR 1/1, CTCC minutes, 14 July 1953.
70 NAPRO, MT 115/5, brief, ‘The Isle of Wight railways’, 18 August 1953.
71 Robert Burroughs, The Great Isle of Wight Train Robbery (London: Railway Invigoration Society, 1968), p. 11.
72 http://www.islandbreaks.co.uk/media-and-trade/isle-of-wight-tourism-research-reports, accessed 18 June 2012.
73 NAPRO, MT 124/46, meeting of MTCA and Treasury officials, 6 August 1954.
74 Booker, The Neophiliacs, pp. 13, 39, 79, 219, 333–5.
75 BTC, A Plan for the Modernisation and Re-equipment of British Railways (London: BTC, 1955).
76 Anthony Sampson, Anatomy of Britain (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1962), pp. 542–4.
77 Department for Transport, The Future of Rail (London: HMSO, 2004), p. 9.
78 Gerard Fiennes, I Tried to Run a Railway (London: Ian Allan, 1967, revised edition, 1973), p. 78.
79 David Williamson, A Most Diplomatic General – The Life of General Lord Robertson of Oakridge Bt GCB GBE KCMG KCVO DSO MC 1896–1974 (London: Brassey’s, 1996), p. 184.
80 Gourvish, British Railways 1948–73, p. 171.
81 MoT paper, ‘Examining railway figures: some useful concepts’, September 1974 (author’s collection). The angle of unreality is that formed on a graph between the railways’ projected results over a number of years and their actual results over the same period.
82 NAPRO, T 267/15, Peter Vinter, foreword to ‘Treasury historical memorandum eleven – the economic and financial obligations of the nationalised industries, White Paper of April 1961’, May 1966 [hereafter T 267/15].
83 Sir Geoffrey Wardale, interview with the author, 24 April 1998; NAPRO, CAB 130/104, Ad hoc committee on industrial disputes – railways minutes, 10 December 1954
84 NAPRO, MT 115/14, Lintern–Proctor, 28 August 1954.
85 Fiennes, I Tried to Run a Railway, p. 77.
86 Ministry of Labour, The Interim Report of a Court of Inquiry into a Dispute between the British Transport Commission and the National Union of Railwaymen (London: HMSO, 19
55), p. 7.
87 NAPRO, CAB 128/27, Cabinet conclusions, 8 December 1954.
88 NAPRO, T 234/559, Gilbert–Bridges, 10 December 1954.
89 Bodleian Library, Macmillan diaries, C.16/1, 13 December 1954.
90 NAPRO, T 234/559, Boyd-Carpenter–Churchill, 11 December 1954.
91 NAPRO, T 234/559, Brittain–Grant/Crombie, 10 January 1955.
92 NAPRO, T 234/550, Grant, ‘The finance of the railways’, 21 January 1955.
93 Hansard, HC Deb, 3 February 1955, vol. 536, col. 1308.
94 NAPRO, T 234/549, Grant, draft Cabinet paper, ‘The finances of the railway modernisation plan’, 18 January 1955, with Butler’s corrections.
95 NAPRO, MT 47/405, cutting, ‘Millions for Cinderella’, The Economist, 29 January 1955.
96 R. C. Riley, ‘The Lewes and East Grinstead Railway’, Railway Magazine, October 1954, pp. 665–73.
97 NAPRO, MT 115/3, BTC draft memorandum, ‘passenger services’, March 1956.
98 Dame Alison Munro, interview with the author, 15 October 1996.
99 James Towler, The Battle for the Settle and Carlisle (Sheffield: Platform Five, 1990), p. 176.
100 NAPRO, MT 115/3, Munro–Willis, 17 February 1956.
101 NAPRO, MT 115/3, Stedman–Molson, 3 March 1956.
102 NAPRO, MT 115/3, Molson–Watkinson, 5 March 1956.
103 NAPRO, MT 115/3, Watkinson–Molson, 6 March 1956; Watkinson–Stedman, 23 March 1956.
104 NAPRO, CAB 130/116, ‘The BTC: draft outline note’, 20 January 1956.
105 NAPRO, MT 132/32, note of meeting, 11 May 1956.
106 NAPRO, MT 115/82, Stedman–Jenkins, 30 May 1956.
107 NAPRO, MT 115/3, Willis–Stedman, 17 April 1956; Stedman–Watkinson, 18 April 1956.
108 NAPRO, AN 177/194, BTC chief solicitor–Hopkins, 4 April 1956.
109 NAPRO, MT 115/9, Munro–Willis, 1 and 21 June 1956.
110 NAPRO, MT 115/9, Willis–Steele, 2 May 1956.
111 NAPRO, MT 115/3, Wilson–Molson, 18 July 1956.
112 NAPRO, MT 115/82, BTC, ‘Further draft of a note by the minister of transport and civil aviation’, 29 June 1956.
113 NAPRO, CAB 130/116, GEN 532 minutes, 23 July 1956.