Revolution Song

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Revolution Song Page 63

by Russell Shorto


  Parliament House, 23

  passenger pigeons, 57

  Paterson, James, 261

  Peale, Charles Willson, 74

  Pendleton, Edmund, 203, 204

  Penn, John, 96

  Penn, William, 424

  Pennsylvania, 97, 105, 126, 145, 353, 462

  Iroquois negotiations with, 465, 466

  Iroquois attacks in, 4

  military road in, 129

  Pennsylvania Gazette, 96, 97, 105, 257, 422

  Pennsylvania Magazine, 242, 295

  Pequot War, 119–20

  Percy, Hugh, 265, 280, 289

  Perron, Angi, 508–9

  Petersburg, Siege of, 507

  Philadelphia, Pa., 34, 127, 310, 311, 455

  Clinton’s evacuation of, 343–44

  Constitutional Convention in, see Constitutional Convention

  First Continental Congress in, 204–6, 207

  Howe’s move to capture, 310–11, 315, 319

  as interim capital, 462

  Second Continental Congress in, 207, 212–14, 215, 216

  springtime celebration in, 424–26, 437, 463

  Philip IV, King of Spain, 238

  Philipse, Polly, 127, 128

  Pickering, Timothy, 482–83

  Pigott, Charles, 470

  Pinckney, Charles, 435

  Pitt, William:

  French and Indian War strategy of, 131, 134–35, 145

  George II’s desire for removal of, 134

  and Germain’s court-martial, 138, 139

  as Germain’s mentor, 94, 131

  Stamp Act opposed by, 170, 171

  Pittsburgh, Pa., 131

  planters, 32, 45, 275

  debts of, 163–64

  independence of, 162–63

  Madison’s criticism of, 207

  radicalism of, 205

  political parties, 478–79

  Polly Honeycombe: A Dramatick Novel of One Act (play), 292, 293, 295, 336

  Polybius, 237

  Pontchartrain du Détroit, 146–47, 148

  Pontiac, 148

  Pontiac’s Rebellion, 148–50, 158, 218, 406

  Poor Richard’s Almanac, 96

  Populist Party, 505

  Portugal, 28, 29, 48–49

  Potapoug Point, 228

  Potawatomis, 148

  Potts, Dr., 334

  Potts, Isaac, 328

  poverty, 25–26

  presidency, 453, 456

  president’s mansion, 456

  Presque Isle, 143

  Price, John, 64

  Price, Richard, 442

  Priestley, Joseph, 442

  property rights, 352

  prostitutes, 247

  Protestant Ascendancy, 24

  Providence, R.I., 70, 381

  provincial congresses, 243–44, 265

  Prussia, 132, 134, 135–36, 139

  Pruyn, Samuel, 64

  pulaaku (code of conduct), 30–31, 32

  Putnam, Israel, 246

  Coghlan’s asking of assistance from, 251, 258–59

  and Coghlan’s plans to marry Burr, 263

  Coghlan’s staying with, 259–60

  Coghlan’s toast to, 264–65

  and Coghlan’s toast to Howe, 262

  Putnam, Mrs., 260

  Quaker missionaries, 499–500

  Quakers, 67

  Quebec, 76

  American invasion of, 232, 233, 263

  radicals:

  in election of 1777, 334–35

  in election of 1778, 335–36

  and New York Constitution, 287

  Raleigh Tavern, 190

  Ram Island, 223

  Ramsay, David, 427

  Randolph, Edmund, 435, 439

  Randolph, Peyton, 206

  Rangers, 346, 347, 348

  Ranney, Amos, 409–10

  Rappahannock River, 32, 34

  Raystown fort, 130

  reason, 6, 237, 461

  receiver of taxes, 417

  Red Jacket, 214, 216, 218, 466

  in meeting with British over alliance, 302

  religious tolerance, 156

  Fox’s call for, 375

  representative government, 6

  republicanism, 156, 237

  Resolution, 327

  revival movement, 479

  Rhode Island, 69, 351

  Constitutional Convention boycotted by, 433

  Ridder, Cornelis de, 63

  Ridder, Gerritje de, 63

  rights, 17, 187, 210, 229, 238, 261, 442

  and focus on individual, 7, 490

  Robinson family, 127

  Rochambeau, Comte de, 376, 377, 386, 388

  Mount Vernon visited by, 389

  Rodney, George, 362–63

  Romans, 15, 16–17, 42, 46

  Rome, 237, 396, 411

  Rose, 228

  Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 459, 469

  Royal Adventurers Trading to Africa, 16

  Royal Navy, 42, 230–31, 246

  Royal Society, 16

  ruga (cattle camp), 17–18

  Rules of Civility, 33–34, 125

  rum, 55, 56, 59, 64, 66, 69, 179, 275, 276

  Rush, Benjamin, 317

  Russia, 134, 135, 319

  Rutledge, John, 434–35

  Ryan, Gina, 508

  Ryan, Jasir, 508

  Sackville, Charles, 414–15

  Sackville, Diana Sambrooke, 94, 324

  Sackville, Elizabeth, 155

  Sackville, George, see Germain, George

  Sackville, Lionel, Duke of Dorset, 14, 188

  as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, 23, 24, 26, 85, 87, 145–46

  placid temperament of, 26

  and Germain’s court-martial, 139

  Sackville family, 13, 17

  Sagwiritha, 277

  sailors, 240–41

  Saint, Chandler, 508

  St. George’s Church, 34

  St. George’s Square, 200

  St. Leger, Barry, 300, 306, 307–8

  St. Louis, Mo., 76

  St. Nicholas festival, 61

  St. Patrick’s Cathedral, 24

  Saint-Pierre, Jacques Legardeur, 80

  Salamanca, N.Y., 507

  Salmon River, 229, 297

  Salmon River Cove, 331

  Sandusky, Ohio, 406

  Sandy Hook, N.J., 343–44, 346

  Saratoga, Battle of, 4, 315–17, 318–24, 340–41, 342, 346, 377

  Savannah, Ga., 349, 360

  Saxons, 15

  Saybrook Point, Conn., 245

  scalping, 150

  Schaghticoke, N.Y., 63–64, 192, 357–58

  Schenectady, N.Y., 239

  Schuyler, Philip, 192, 275–77, 304, 310, 320, 378, 420

  at celebration of Constitution, 452

  in election of 1777, 335

  in election of 1778, 335–36

  in peace offer to Iroquois, 365, 366

  removed from command in north, 311

  Washington’s relationship with, 312

  Schuyler family, 62, 473

  science, 442

  scientific revolution, 6–7, 16

  Secret Committee, 359

  Sedition Act, 490

  Senate, New York, 335

  Senate, U.S., apportionment of, 438

  Senecas, 1, 54, 55, 56

  at Albany Conference, 98

  in battle at Oriska, 326

  cities built by, 56

  as fearing enslavement by British, 146

  fenced-off farmlands of, 482

  Fort Schuyler attacked by, 306–8

  in Forty Fort battle, 346–48

  French alliance with, 141, 143, 301

  in French and Indian War, 141

  and Indian attacks on British forts, 148

  and killing of Jumonville, 143–44

  in meeting with American colonists, 214–17

  in meeting with British over alliance, 301

  in meeting with Congress, 426–27

  in m
eeting with congressional representatives at Albany, 217–18

  in move to meet with Congress, 421–22, 423

  obliteration of, 357

  Pennsylvania’s granting of land to, 466

  robbed by militiamen, 467

  sawmill worked by, 499

  selling of reservations of, 502

  storytelling by, 58

  strawberry festival of, 151, 499

  territory of, 59

  as threatened by European expansion, 78–79

  traditional dance of, 424, 500

  villages of, 56–57, 59

  Washington aided against French by, 78–79, 89–90, 143–44

  in winter of 1780, 365

  separation of church and state, 288, 442

  Sevenoaks, England, 13

  Seven Years’ War, 232, 274, 339

  battle of Minden in, 132, 135–37, 139–40, 154, 157, 189–90, 209, 212, 232, 300, 324, 341, 375, 399, 413

  expense of, 230

  as global chess game, 140–41

  peace treaty ending of, 147

  start of, 135

  see also French and Indian War

  Shades of Death, 355–56

  Shakespeare, William, 51–52, 497

  Sharp, Thomas, 64

  Sharpe, Horatio, 128

  Shawnees, 142, 144, 145

  British betrayal discussed by, 406

  British forts attacked by, 148

  Shays’s Rebellion, 431

  Shelburne, William Petty, Earl of 405

  Sheridan, Richard, 375

  Shirley, William, 111, 122, 129

  and Washington’s request to be made British officer, 126, 128

  Silvester, Peter, 112

  Sky Blossom, 53–54

  Sky Holder, 54, 482

  Sky Woman, 53–54, 216, 482, 503

  Sky World, 53, 216, 277

  Slave Code, Connecticut, 480

  slaves, slavery, 9, 83

  abolition of, 408–9

  in Anomabo, 47, 48, 65

  British arming of, 350–51

  Christianity and, 479

  created by Akan wars, 49

  discussed at Constitutional Convention, 437, 438

  Dukandarra raided for, 46

  Fox’s denunciation of, 375

  among Fulani, 18

  growth in Africa of, 28, 29

  growth in America of, 20–21

  Guinea war over, 28

  Lafayette’s desire for abolition of, 430

  Laurens’s plan for freeing of, 350, 351

  leased to Washington, 102

  naming of, 222

  on New England coast, 69–70, 174

  in North vs. South, 174–75

  planters’ opposition to, 163

  Quakers’ calls for abolition of, 67

  Revolution’s failure to end, 8

  rights of, 175–76

  runaway, 81–82, 178–79

  in Smith’s memoirs, 493

  in Virginia, 205

  in Washington, D.C., 493

  Washington accused of hypocrisy on, 478

  Washington’s concerns in Revolution with, 349, 350–51, 354

  Washington’s inheritance of, 22

  and Washington’s wartime visit to Mount Vernon, 389

  West African capture of, 16

  slave ships, 65–66, 67

  slave trade, 28, 29, 49–50, 51, 67

  smallpox, 65, 472–73

  plot to infect Indians with, 148–49

  of Washington, 45

  Smith, Cuff, 409

  arrest and conviction of, 480

  birth of, 123

  father’s purchase of, 224, 225

  in move to Haddam, 228

  naming of, 222

  in Revolution, 380–82, 385

  Smith, Edward, 481, 492

  Smith, Eliza, 507

  Smith, George, 507

  Smith, Hannah, 100, 121, 122

  father’s attempt to purchase, 226–27

  naming of, 222

  Smith, John, 34

  Smith, Margaret (Meg), 72, 181, 224, 298, 380, 381, 480

  death of, 494

  descendants of, 507–8

  in move to Haddam, 228

  new house of, 331

  pregnancies of, 100, 123

  Sarah Stanton’s relationship with, 174–75

  Smith’s purchase of, 121, 122, 226

  Smith, Melancton, 447, 450

  Smith, Nelson, 507

  Smith, Oliver, 182, 185–86, 187

  bankruptcy of, 481

  British repelled by, 228

  in shipping business, 223

  Venture Smith named for, 222–23

  Smith, Solomon:

  birth of, 123

  death of, 225–26

  father’s purchase of, 224, 225

  naming of, 222

  Smith, Solomon, II, 298, 409, 480–81, 492

  birth of, 226

  land sold by, 494

  in move to Haddam, 228

  Smith, Venture (Broteer Furro):

  Anderson’s freedom purchased by, 333

  appearance of, 331, 333

  in attempt to purchase Hannah, 226–27

  background of, 7, 17–18, 516n

  beating of, 410

  birth of, 17

  and birth of daughter, 100

  boats built by, 332

  buried money of, 185, 186

  in captivity, 30–32, 46–48, 49

  code of honor learned by, 30–31, 32, 68

  Cuff disowned by, 480

  in deal with Oliver Smith over freedom, 182, 185–86, 187–88

  death of, 494

  and death of Solomon, 226, 227

  in departure from village with mother, 18–19

  descendants of, 507–8

  Edwards’s purchase of, 181–82

  in escape plan, 81–83, 87–88, 100, 178

  farming in Africa by, 19, 27

  farm work by, 71, 72, 120, 121, 122, 151, 223, 332

  father’s torture and killing witnessed by, 31–32, 46–47, 57, 177, 491

  and fight between Meg and Sarah Stanton, 174–75

  in fight with Stantons, 175–77, 223–24

  fishing by, 71, 186–87

  and French and Indian War, 142

  George Mumford’s selling of, 100–101, 120

  health problems of, 480

  house built by, 330–31

  as indifferent to unrest in colonies, 227, 228

  and invasion of Dukandarra, 30, 31–32, 491

  James Mumford’s abuse of, 71–72

  land purchased by, 224–25, 297–99, 330, 331–32, 383, 489

  land sold to friends by, 332

  last name chosen by, 221–23

  marriage of, 72

  Meg purchased by, 226

  memoirs written by, 489–94

  Miner’s purchase of, 180–82

  money of, 182, 185, 186, 223, 224, 225, 226, 229

  in move to Haddam, 228–29

  Mumford’s keys protected by, 68–69

  outdoor work done by, 70–71

  plans for inheritance of, 480–81

  prudence of, 195, 223

  Ranney sued by, 409–10

  in return to Dukandarra, 27–28

  Robert Stanton loaned money by, 120–21, 177, 185

  rock crystals buried by, 331

  slave duties learned by, 67

  slave purchased by, 225

  on slave ship, 51–52, 65, 509, 519n

  sons purchased by, 224, 225

  Stanton’s chaining of, 177, 180, 224

  strength of, 18, 71, 121, 382

  trees harvested by, 298, 332

  as unaffiliated with Christian church, 331

  “Venture” name given to, 52, 491

  wood cut by, 223

  Society of Saint Tammany, 46, 424, 425

  Sons of Liberty, 168–69, 229

  South:

  slavery in, 174

  as target of Germain, 380,
383–84

  Washington’s move to, 387–88

  South America, 39, 40

  South Carolina, 448

  Spain, 373

  in American Revolution, 360

  Britain’s war with, 39–40

  Dutch war against, 238

  Treaty of Paris signed by, 414

  U.S. treaty with, 478

  spices, 15

  Spinoza, Baruch, 237

  Stamp Act, 165, 168, 187, 204

  Burgesses’ opposition to, 165–66

  opposition to repeal of, 171

  Parliamentary opposition to, 170, 171

  repeal of, 171–72, 173, 174, 182–83, 187, 195–96

  Sons of Liberty’s opposition to, 168–69

  Virginia resolutions against, 166, 239

  Stamp Duty, 159, 160

  Standing Tree, 53

  Stanton, Elizabeth, 506

  Stanton, Robert, 120–21, 177

  Stanton, Sarah, 174–75, 176, 224

  Stanton, Thomas, 101, 119, 174, 185, 223–24

  Stanton, Thomas (great-grandfather), 119–20

  Staten Island, 249, 258, 289, 310, 338

  states’ rights, 433

  steam engines, 10

  Steinem, Gloria, 506

  Steuben, Baron von, 344

  Stewart, Robert, 163–64

  Stirling, Lord, 345

  Stonington, Conn., 70, 72, 101, 119, 120, 151, 180–81, 222–23, 224–25, 382, 383, 481

  Boston supported by, 227

  growth of, 173–74

  militia formed in, 228

  strawberry festival, 151, 499

  Stuart family, 16

  subjectivity, 9–10

  Suffolk, Henry Howard, Earl of 208

  sugar, 16, 64, 66–67, 69

  Sullivan, John, 266, 353–54, 355–57, 365, 366, 372–73, 404, 463

  Swan with Two Necks, 278

  Sweden, 49, 134

  Swift, Jonathan, 23–24, 25–27, 85

  Tadadaho, 464, 467

  Talleyrand, Charles-Maurice de, 469

  Tamenend, 424

  Tanacharison (Half King), 89, 91, 108

  in Battle of Fort Necessity, 91, 108, 144

  British allowed to settle in Ohio Country by, 79

  French threatened over forts by, 143

  Jumonville killed by, 90, 99

  Washington guided by, 78–79, 141

  tanners, 240–41

  “taxation without representation,” 165, 170, 209

  taxes:

  in Britain, 158

  federal government’s attempt to impose, 419

  Hamilton’s desire for, 401

  Irish, 25, 26, 85

  in Spanish vassal states, 238

  Yates and, 417

  taxes, in colonies, 207

  cabinet dispute over, 159

  constitutional issue of, 159, 183

  Parliament’s desires to include Americans in, 164–65

  on tea, 183

  see also Stamp Act; Stamp Duty; Tea Act; Townshend Duties

  Tayaheure, Jimmy, 277

  tea, 183

  Tea Act, 194

  telescope, 6

  Tennessee, 164, 477–78

  Territory Northwest of the River Ohio, 462–63

  Thayendanega, see Brant, Joseph

 

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